...maintaining an orderly securities market and protecting the legitimate rights and interests of investors. In accordance with these purposes, there are some general criteria for corporations who want to list their stocks in Shanghai Stock Exchange. Firstly, the companies should follow the regulations and laws of the People’s Republic of China, such us the Company Law, the Securities Law, the Measures on the Administration of Stock Exchanges and some other applicable laws and administrative regulations. When China Securities Regulatory Commission (CSRC) or the Shanghai Stock Exchange has other provisions on the listing, such provisions shall prevail. Secondly, apart from the companies, the companies’ directors, supervisors, senior officers and relevant persons should also comply with laws, administrative regulations, and other regulations of the Shanghai Stock Exchanges. Thirdly, an application for listing stocks on the Exchange shall be subject to the examination and approval of the Exchange. Prior to listing, the issuer shall enter into a listing agreement with the exchange and specify therein the rights and obligations of both parties and other relevant matters. Initial Public Offering and Listing of IPO Stocks If companies want to gain a l successful listing, the General Rules are requirements that all of them should comply...
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...sensitive to future economy trend. Ted Lee pointed out that for long-term view, US market continues to shrink, while the future three group countries will be China, India and Brazil, due to their low correlation with international capital which benefits the portfolio. While India and Brazil are respectively going through political change and recession, opportunities could be largely obsessed in the future, as seen by professionals. In 2015, most of money actually came from Asia, but this is not the only macroeconomy signals that lead to such certainty about future market segments. Based on conversation with Ted, I conclude another strong macro-economy signal as business development. On September 19th 2014, Alibaba IPO ranked as biggest IPO in the world after additional shares sold, which surpassed a previous global record set by Agricultural Bank of China Ltd in 2010. Looking through past five years, largest IPOs includes a lot of Chinese company, which indicates strong signal of fast development of China. According to E&Y’s report (figure 1.1) of global IPO market, due to IPO rally, China became the largest IPO market in 2015, with 372 IPO trades involving 60.3 billion US dollars. Hong Kong market set the new record of IPO number with 121 IPO trades involving 261.4 billion HK dollars. Figure 1.1: EY Global IPO Trends 2015 3Q - Ernst & Young “The strong stock market rally in...
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...Brief discussion on Alibaba’s legal risk My favorite company is Alibaba. Alibaba started his business as a platform for facilitating E-commerce between buyers and sellers in China in 1999. There are 17000 employees in more than 50 cities and 50 million users in 240 countries now. Before started the process for an initial public offering in the U.S, Alibaba.com has hold 70% of China’s online E-commerce market. As the biggest IPO in history, Alibaba became one of the most valuable tech companies in the world. By listing in the U.S., Alibaba come into the international stage. It recognized by overseas investors and investment corporates, which help enlarge its business scale and attract more partners on both domestic market and its overseas market. I am interested in Alibaba when I heard that there was a contract between Yahoo and Alibaba in 2006. It clarified that if Alibaba does not start Initial Public Offering before 2015 it cannot get back a half of shares of the company owned by Yahoo and Yahoo could deal with all Alibaba’s shares as Yahoo’s will. Proofs by facts, Alibaba made his IPO before 2015. I have to admire the man behind Alibaba—Mr. Jack Ma. As the spiritual leader of the company, Mr. Ma become a hero in the heart of many people. But if I could be a CEO of Alibaba, I have to say that Alibaba is facing a slew of new business challenges and potential legal risk. Alibaba’s legal and ethical analysis: 1) Doubt on legal structure of Alibaba. Alibaba...
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...2013 - FI516 IPO Paper – Week 5 – 10/06/2013 Teacher: Miriam Benard COMPANY AND INDUSTRY Company I choose this company for two reasons; the world of information technology is huge and growing steadily. Google, Yahoo, and YouTube are hugely popular sites, and youku is a site that is similar to YouTube and delivers great possibilities for the Asian community. Youku.com, Inc. went public on December 8, 2010. This company is in the business of delivering video content over the internet. Their business model consists primarily of deriving advertising revenue as the result of viewer activity over their system. They license content and provide it for viewer use. There is no viewer fee for the service. Youku bills itself as the “leading internet television company in China.” Their mission is to become the primary source of video content for the Chinese population across any Internet-enabled device. The overall offering is somewhat like what we know as You Tube. According to iResearch, Youku has appx. 40% of the marketshare of total user time spent viewing video content online in China. Its nearest competitors have appx. 23% and 14% respectively. According to the company’s registration filing, their assessment of their strengths and opportunities is as follows: Our Competitive Strengths We believe that the following strengths contribute to our success and differentiate us from our competitors: | | | leading Internet television company in China with strong brand...
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...ARTICLE IN PRESS Journal of Financial Economics 84 (2007) 330–357 www.elsevier.com/locate/jfec Politically connected CEOs, corporate governance, and Post-IPO performance of China’s newly partially privatized firms$ Joseph P.H. Fana,Ã, T.J. Wonga, Tianyu Zhangb a The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong b City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong Received 19 August 2005; received in revised form 31 January 2006; accepted 6 March 2006 Available online 24 January 2007 Abstract Almost 27% of the CEOs in a sample of 790 newly partially privatized firms in China are former or current government bureaucrats. Firms with politically connected CEOs underperform those without politically connected CEOs by almost 18% based on three-year post-IPO stock returns and have poorer three-year post-IPO earnings growth, sales growth, and change in returns on sales. The negative effect of the CEO’s political ties also show up in the first-day stock return. Finally, firms led by politically connected CEOs are more likely to appoint other bureaucrats to the board of directors rather than directors with relevant professional backgrounds. r 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. JEL classification: G34; L33; P31 Keywords: Political connections; Corporate governance; IPO performance; Partial privatization; China We appreciate helpful comments from Stijn Claessens, Mara Faccio, Simon Johnson, Florencio Lopez-deSilanes, John McConnell, Randall Morck, Harold Mulherin...
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...public offering (IPO), various debt-funding alternatives; and, the possibility of a strategic partnership. it must be clear to the customer how you are adding value to its business if you want this recommendation to be executed and get paid for it. What are the business circumstances of this company and how do they translate into the need for more or less cash-flow flexibility? Does the existing capital structure—assuming the company can’t change its business practices—provide the company with the cash flow flexibility (more or less) that it wants? Why? In terms of the possible alternatives you are considering which would you recommend to the company—and why? Make your pitch! In so doing, consider using the cost versus flexibility framework. Business Circumstances; Flexibility Prada currently requires a significant amount of capital both to refinance debt that is maturing in the next six to twelve months and the planned financing of growth in the Asian (especially Chinese) markets. Since financial markets aware urgent need Prada, are to raise capital, it is important that the Board of Directors of a credible strategy to increase the required minimum capital of 1 billion? to develop. Although the press was suggesting that Prada is to do an IPO, the company has tried this several times in the past without success, mainly because of poor timing (9/11, the SARS outbreak and the ongoing global financial crisis and the European sovereign debt crisis). China represents a major...
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...entrepreneurial activities in the USA and China Table of Content Page 1 Introduction 3 2 Comparison of entrepreneurial activities in USA and China 4 2.1 Culture 4 2.2 Government policies 6 2.3 Funding and financing 9 2.4 Education and training 10 3 Conclusion 11 Bibliography 13 1 Introduction Entrepreneurship is one of a major factor influencing the economy of countries in terms of international trade, infrastructure, employment and living standards as well as capital growth. It also reflects the effectiveness of government policies. Entrepreneurship relates to national policies (taxation, regulations, ease of doing business), entrepreneurship financing (banks, government support), economic circumstances (economic freedom), marketing (competitiveness), public agency assistance (government support), and expertise etc.. The level of entrepreneurial activity not only interacts with the factors above, but also with cultural or geographical factors and regulations. Personality characteristics, behavior and motivation are also the major elements, which should be taken into consideration. There are many determinants of being or becoming self-employed which are dealt with in the literature, such as employment status, minority behavior, immigrant behavior, family firm effects and attitudinal effects (Freytak/Thurik 2006, 6). The assignment compares the level of entrepreneurial activity between the U.S. and China as these locations have contrasting...
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...Initial Public Offerings Jay R. Ritter Cordell Professor of Finance University of Florida Gainesville FL 32611-7168 (352) 846-2837 jritter@dale.cba.ufl.edu http://bear.cba.ufl.edu/ritter Warren Gorham & Lamont Handbook of Modern Finance Edited by Dennis Logue and James Seward reprinted (with modifications) in Contemporary Finance Digest Vol. 2, No. 1 (Spring 1998), pp. 5-30 This is the modified version. Abstract In the 1990s, thousands of firms have gone public around the world. This article surveys the market for initial public offerings (IPOs). The process of going public is discussed, with particular emphasis on how contractual mechanisms deal with potential conflicts of interest. The valuation of IPOs, bookbuilding, price stabilization, and the costs of going public are also discussed. Three empirical patterns are documented and analyzed: shortrun underpricing, hot issue markets, and long-run underperformance. This article is reprinted, with modifications, from the chapter with the same title in the Warren Gorham & Lamont Handbook of Modern Finance, edited by Dennis Logue and James Seward. The chapter in turn draws heavily on "The Market's Problems with the Pricing of Initial Public Offerings," coauthored by Roger G. Ibbotson, Jody Sindelar, and Jay R. Ritter in the 1994 Journal of Applied Corporate Finance; "Going Public," coauthored by Kathleen Weiss Hanley and Jay R. Ritter, in The New Palgrave Dictionary of Money and Finance; and especially “Initial Public Offerings...
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...Preparing consolidation statement and MD&A for Mgt Meeting & BOD Meeting Working with external auditor, assessor, lawyer and following the outstanding list Assorting with other departments and designing the process of the revenue recognition and AR collection Beforehand controlling the items of purchases contracts and sales contracts, assuring correctness of cost, revenue and financial statement Assorting relation between company and tax bureau, preparing the memo of FIN48 Working as finance SVP assistant October 2010 to June 2011 Beijing Top Grade Medical Equipment Co., Ltd Position: Senior Manager Principal responsibility & Key Areas: As coordinator to assort with audit for IPO in HK, and follow up audit schedule Assorting with other departments to complete Due Diligence of legal and finance Cooperating with each intermediary agencies, and completing Management's Discussion and Analysis (MD&A) Providing consolidation report and various analyses report to VC, management, bank and other organization Perfecting examination and approval authority, internal control police and process Coordinating company financial daily work and normally carried on and completing other task from CFO November 2005 to September 2010...
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...-2- BRI-1004 the brutal suppression of demonstrators in China in June 1989. The same search on Google.cn provided a much smaller list and included pictures of a smiling couple in the square.2 The decision to develop Google.cn was complicated. In the words of Elliot Schrage, Google’s vice president of Global Communications and Public Affairs: [Google, Inc., faced a choice to] compromise our mission by failing to serve our users in China or compromise our mission by entering China and complying with Chinese laws that require us to censor search results.… Based on what we know today and what we see in China, we believe our decision to launch the Google.cn service in addition to our Google.com service is a reasonable one, better for Chinese users and better for Google.… Self-censorship, like that which we are now required to perform in China, is something that conflicts deeply with our core principles.… This was not something we did enthusiastically or something that we’re proud of at all.3 MacLean knew that he was perfectly prepared for his current position as director of International Business. After earning a computer-science degree, MacLean had traveled extensively, implementing information systems with an IT consulting firm. He was well-versed in the technical and cultural components of this current project. It was his first job after earning an MBA. He had worked very hard as a summer intern to get his foot in the door at Google, Inc., and landed a job offer in his second...
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...Journal of Banking & Finance 37 (2013) 1460–1474 Contents lists available at SciVerse ScienceDirect Journal of Banking & Finance journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/jbf Overseas listing as a policy tool: Evidence from China’s H-shares Qian Sun a,⇑, Wilson H.S. Tong b, Yujun Wu c a Department of Finance, School of Management, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China School of Accounting and Finance, Faculty of Business and Information Systems, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region c Wealth Management Institute of Lujiazui, Shanghai 200122, China b a r t i c l e i n f o a b s t r a c t We investigate why the Chinese government chooses to perform share issue privatization (SIP) of its state-owned enterprises (SOEs) in Hong Kong, despite the benefit of facilitating the domestic stock market development if performing SIP in China (Subrahmanyam and Titman, 1999) and the higher cost to list in Hong Kong. We address this issue by arguing that the positive effect of SIPs on the development of the domestic market may have limitations, especially when the domestic market is not well developed and cannot absorb rapid and large-scale SIP activities. To maintain domestic market order, it may be optimal to carry out SIP in overseas markets. Furthermore, by listing shares in developed overseas markets, SOEs from the less developed countries could leverage on the overseas markets’ better accounting, governance...
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...Question A: The IPO process is characterized by information asymmetries. Explain these asymmetries may be reduced through the book-building process. According to Sherman (2002), the IPO process is characterized by the information asymmetries as there are two types of information asymmetries existing among the IPO issuer and the investors. First, the issuing firms are well aware about the conditions and situations of their own business as compared to the investors. Second, the investors are well aware about the firm’s outside factors as compared to the issuer. Sherman (2002) noted that the IPO process provides more information to certain investors and provides less information to the other investors. The initial public offering prospectus focuses on past information and performance where as the market price offerings on ballpark figure concerning the future performance. The investors such as the institutional investors get estimates and information from certain analysis such as the Wall Street Analysis where as the retail investors get no estimates and information. According to Sherman (2002), these information asymmetries may be reduced through the book building process. The book building process consists of three steps. In the first step, the investment bank chooses the investors who will be encouraged to evaluate the issue and possibly they purchase the issue. In the second step, the investors evaluate the issue and inform the investment bank about their demand for the...
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...obtained venture capital to expand the company. The corporate headquarters is located in San Jose, California with additional manufacturing plants in Georgia, Michigan, and China. Products include plastic beverage containers, custom plastic parts, and plastic fan parts. The company is a leader in the industry of plastic injection molding. (Virtual Organization Portal, 2012) Riordan Manufacturing wants to expand operations and they have three options when considering expansion. The three options are going public via IPO, acquiring another organization in the same industry, or merging with another organization. The company must consider the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats of each option before making a final decision on how to expand. Additionally, considerations on the financial effects of globalization, exchange rate risks, and mitigating the exchange rate risks should be analyzed if the company decides to go international. Strengths Riordan manufacturing is looking for ways to expand their business. They narrowed it down to three options which are going public through an IPO, acquisition of another organization in the same industry, or merging with another organization. Riordan executives are taking in consideration the strengths of each option. If Riordan chose to go public through an IPO they will be able to generate revenue that can be used to fund growth plans. In addition, this will create liquidity for owners and potential investors therefore strengthening...
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...CASE: A-197 DATE: 02/05/09 BAIDU.COM, INC.: VALUATION AT IPO Since its official launch in January 2000, Baidu.com, Inc. (Baidu) quickly grew to become the leading Internet search engine in China. After three rounds of private funding, Baidu registered to go public on the NASDAQ Stock Market (Ticker Symbol: BIDU) on August 5, 2005. (See Exhibits 1 and 2 for a listing of Baidu’s private funding sources and pre-IPO share allocations.) The initial public offering (IPO) turned out to be one of the highest-profile debuts since the Internet bubble burst in 2000. The stock price jumped 354 percent on the first day of trading and closed at $122.54, valuing the company at about $3.96 billion based on 32.3 million shares outstanding. While the market showed strong enthusiasm for the stock, Baidu’s public offering nevertheless generated much debate in the investment community about the underlying value of the firm. Furthermore, concerns were raised about whether or not Baidu was able to sustain its growth rate and exceed investor expectations after the IPO. Factors leading to this uncertainty included: the state of the Internet-paid search market in China, the expected growth in the marketplace, the competitive landscape, and the strength of Baidu’s business model and strategic position. BACKGROUND ON CHINA’S ADVERTISING AND ONLINE ADVERTISING MARKETS Advertising Market From 1995 to 2005 China’s advertising market grew at a compounded annual growth rate (CAGR) of 17 percent, which was...
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...CASE: A-197 DATE: 02/05/09 BAIDU.COM, INC.: VALUATION AT IPO Since its official launch in January 2000, Baidu.com, Inc. (Baidu) quickly grew to become the leading Internet search engine in China. After three rounds of private funding, Baidu registered to go public on the NASDAQ Stock Market (Ticker Symbol: BIDU) on August 5, 2005. (See Exhibits 1 and 2 for a listing of Baidu’s private funding sources and pre-IPO share allocations.) The initial public offering (IPO) turned out to be one of the highest-profile debuts since the Internet bubble burst in 2000. The stock price jumped 354 percent on the first day of trading and closed at $122.54, valuing the company at about $3.96 billion based on 32.3 million shares outstanding. While the market showed strong enthusiasm for the stock, Baidu’s public offering nevertheless generated much debate in the investment community about the underlying value of the firm. Furthermore, concerns were raised about whether or not Baidu was able to sustain its growth rate and exceed investor expectations after the IPO. Factors leading to this uncertainty included: the state of the Internet-paid search market in China, the expected growth in the marketplace, the competitive landscape, and the strength of Baidu’s business model and strategic position. BACKGROUND ON CHINA’S ADVERTISING AND ONLINE ADVERTISING MARKETS Advertising Market From 1995 to 2005 China’s advertising market grew at a compounded annual growth rate (CAGR) of 17...
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