... Willie Bates Module 1 Case 1 ITM 524: Foundations of Information Technology Management Dr. Mina Richards January 21, 2014 Introduction A socio-technical paradigm combines the social and technical paradigms, and could be described as the study of the relationships between the social and technical parts of any system (Coakes, 2002). Researchers and some managers have acknowledged that technical and social factors interact to influence organizational outcomes. Significant changes in the workplace are the result of new and advanced technology. According to F. Land, there are two sometimes conflicting set of values that underlie socio-technical thinking (Land, 2000). The first is a belief in the importance of humanistic principles. The main task of the designer is to enhance the quality of working life and the job satisfaction of the employee. In turn the achievement of these objectives will enhance productivity and yield added value to the organization. The second set reflects managerial values. Socio-technical principles are merely instruments for achieving primarily economic objectives. Humanistic objectives have no value in themselves but if their achievement produces a better performance from employees leading to the fulfillment of the economic objectives well and good. This paper will illustrate how the first principle proves to shaping the final outcome in Painter’s Case Study. The critical elements...
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...Achieving Higher Productivity Through GP 4. CASE STUDY : MUSHROOM CANNING Mr. Augustine is the owner of Jaya Canning Factory. He produces canned mushrooms for export to Japan. Raw materials come from the countryside in 50-kg bags. The mushrooms are weighed and then soaked in water to remove big particles of soil and sand. After that the mushrooms will be washed in stainless steel drums 3 times. They are then steeped in 3% brine solution. The mushrooms will then be boiled for one hour at 100°C and then cooled down by spraying water over them and steeping them into water. After that the mushrooms will be manually checked to separate the spoiled ones. They are later washed one more time prior to canning. The cans will be weighed and filled with brine solution (2% brine, 0.1% acetic acid). They will be heated for air removal and then closed. The cans are now washed and heated for pasteurization. They are cooled down by water and packed for distribution. The factory has already built a wastewater treatment facility to treat their wastewater with the capacity of 160 cubic meters per day. During operation the neighbors often complain to the factory about the bad smell and bad water quality discharged from the factory. And sometimes it has got a warning from officers from the Department of Environment. Mr. Augustine, owner of the factory, wants to solve this problem and has contacted Dr. Tay from Singapore to make a new design of waste water treatment plant so that the factory will...
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...Classical Organizational Theory Four Principles: 1. Organization exists for economic reasons and to achieve productivity goal. 2. Scientific analysis will devise and orchestrate methods for production. 3. Specialization and strategic deployment of labor will maximize production. 4. Both employees and the organization act in accordance with rational economic principles. Bureaucracy Fundamentally the exercise of control on the basis of knowledge Division of Labor - each position has its own set of responsibilities Traditional Organizational Hierarchy - represents a top down organizational structure. Delegation of authority - work is distributed to a defined responsible participant. Span of Control- neutralizes workforce delegation in equal basis. Humanistic Organization Theory The theory of organizational humanism emphasizes the use of intrinsic motivation to grow personnel qualifications, thereby increasing the economic efficiency of an organization. This theory stresses the need to formulate management goals, which incorporate humanistic values. Open System Theory This theory drives a constant feedback cycle of lessons learned to drive continuous improvement efforts. - Open system is also known as constant volume system and flow system - A system which continuously interacts with its environment or surroundings. The interaction can take the form of information, energy, or material transfers into or out of the system boundary, depending on the discipline...
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...A Project Planning Document Based on "Promotion of Development and Confidence-Building in the Chittagong Hill Tracts DEV 612 Course Title: Project Appraisal and Management Submitted to: Professor Niaz Ahmed Khan Ph.D. (Wales), Post Doc. (Oxford) Professor of Development Studies, University of Dhaka; Country Representative, International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN), Bangladesh Country Office; and Senior Commonwealth Fellow, Queen Elizabeth House, University of Oxford, UK & BRAC Development Institute (BDI) BRAC University Mohakhali, Dhaka Submitted by: JAGATBANDHU MAZUMDAR BRAC University Dept: BDI, Roll: 08262013 Semester: Spring 2011 Submission date: APRIL 09, 2011 Acronyms ADPAnnual Development Programme BCHWs Basic Community Health Workers CBConfidence Building CE Community Empowerment CFCommunity Facilitator CHT Chittagong Hill Tracts CHTDBChittagong Hill Tracts Development Board CHTDFChittagong Hill Tracts Development Facility DEXDirect Execution Project DMO District Medical Officer DPFC District Project Facilitation Committee ECEuropean Commission EOP Economic Opportunities EPI Expanded Programme for Immunization FGDs Focus Group Discussions GOBGovernment of Bangladesh ICB Institutional Capacity Building INGO International Non Government Organization JSSJana Sanghati Somiti LCGLocal Consultative Group LGICB Local Governance and Institutional Capacity Building MHFP Ministry of Health...
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...extensively in the organizational change and improvement literature. This paper will compare and contrast these two perspectives on organizational effectiveness. These paradigms then will be related to a real organization with consideration given to practical approaches at improving effectiveness drawn from these paradigms. Survey of High Performance Organization A recent global study defines high performance organizations as ones where the following conditions hold: “people are valued, critical thinking is optimized, and opportunities are seized”(Annunzio, S. pg 3, 2004). The most common characteristics of high performance organizations are the following: “Flatter, horizontal structure instead of vertical hierarchy, work done by teams organized around processes; teams empowered to make decisions so management is decentralized and participative, empowered workers with high skill levels and cross-training; rewards for team performance, collaboration among teams, between labor and management, with supplier, focus on customers, quality, and continuous improvement, and flexible technologies (Kerka, S., 1995). Another study entitled “The High Performance organization: An Assessment of Virtues and Values” defines high performance organization as follows: 1. An organization designed, bottom-up, around defined processes. 2. Fluid structure, adaptive and flexible, responsive to changing customers and environment. 3. Little hierarchy due to high self -management at lower levels. 4. Highly autonomous...
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...PART A SWOT Analysis As Director of Information Management, I have been task to implement a new clinical information system for the pharmacy at this hospital. The hospital wants a pharmacy that will enable the physicians to have the capability of doing an automatic order through Computerized Physicians Order Entry (CPOE) in hope of reducing order delays, improving the legibility of orders, streamline operations, and ultimately improve patient safety by reducing medical errors. STRENGTH • Strong leadership and executive support • Focus on improved clinical practiced • Physician support • Leading technological hospital in the metropolitan area • Current hospital focus on patient safety • Wide-ranging: various professional groups will be impacted • Highly knowledgeable information system staff • Currently a pleasant and comfortable work environment for staff WEAKNESSES • Rising cost of resources • Limited budget constraints due to previous commitments • Lack of time for user training • New technology and staff attitude towards changes • Physician and clinical staff level of comfort with technology • Some hospitals already have CPOE OPPORTUNITIES • Desire to significantly reduce medication errors • Interest in standardizing medication ordering processes • Concerns of adequate training and assistance available for all involved clinical staff • Need for improved workflow processes in pharmacy services • Must have a positive impact on hospital efficiency ...
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...youth in the labor market, particularly in developing countries, is a major concern internationally. In some regions of the world, young people are nearly three times as likely as adults to be unemployed. They are also more likely to work in the informal labor market than adults, in low quality jobs that offer limited socio-economic security, training opportunities, and working conditions. This enormous unlocked potential represents a substantial loss of opportunity for both individuals and society. With increasing emphasis being given to work- and skills-based solutions to economic competition and poverty in the developing world, comes a renewed focus on technical and vocational education and training (TVET) as a means to expand opportunities for marginalized youth (Tripney, et. al., 2013). Enhancing the quality of basic education in the Philippines is urgent and critical. In line with this, one of the discussions of DepEd which incurred on October 2010 is to enhance the basic education program of the country in a way that is least disruptive to the current curriculum, most affordable to government and families, and aligned with international practice through the K-12 policy. The poor quality of basic education is reflected in the low achievement scores of Filipino students. Many students who finish basic education do not possess sufficient mastery of basic competencies. One reason is that students do not get adequate instructional time or time on task. This quality of education...
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...LEARNING) IN TEACHING BUSINESS EDUCATION COURSES: STRATEGIES FOR IMPROVEMENT BY JIMOH-KADIRI SIDI OSAMUEDE (MRS.) AND BUPO GODWIN OMONI Dept of Vocational Education, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka BEING A PAPER PRESENTED AT THE ANNUAL NATIONAL CONFERENCE (THEME: E-LEARNING IN NIGERIA: PROBLEM AND PROSPECTS) ORGANISED BY THE FACULTY OF EDUCATION, NNAMDI AZIKIWE UNIVERSITY, AWKA. 31ST AUGUST – 3RD SEPTEMBER, 2010. CHALLENGES FACING E-LEARNING (ELECTRONIC LEARNING) IN TEACHING BUSINESS EDUCATION COURSES: STRATEGIES FOR IMPROVEMENT Abstract Electronic learning (e–learning) which is one of the by-products of information and communication technology has changed many aspects of life and opened a wide vista of opportunities for people. This paper discusses the challenges facing e-learning in teaching business education courses. The need for e-learning in business education is also discussed. Subsidized or free in-house computer literacy training programmes for business teachers and students and provision of adequate info-tech facilities to academic Institutions are among the recommendations made for improvement in the teaching and learning of Business Education courses through e-learning technology. Introduction One challenge that faces the profession and practice of business education and indeed the whole of mankind is the progress and innovation offered by technological developments since mid 1990s. The emergence of information and communication technology (ICT) has brought with it changes...
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...Towards An Integration Of The Lean Enterprise System, Total Quality Management, Six Sigma And Related Enterprise Process Improvement Methods Kirkor Bozdogan Center for Technology, Policy and Industrial Development Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge, MA USA 02139 Tel. 617 253-8540 bozdogan mit.edu ESD-WP-2010-05 August 2010 esd.mit.edu/wps ESD Working Paper Series Towards An Integration Of The Lean Enterprise System, Total Quality Management, Six Sigma And Related Enterprise Process Improvement Methods Kirkor Bozdogan Center for Technology, Policy and Industrial Development Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge, MA USA 02139 Tel. 617 253-8540 bozdogan mit.edu ESD-WP-2010-05 August 2010 esd.mit.edu/wps TOWARDS AN INTEGRATION OF THE LEAN ENTERPRISE SYSTEM, TOTAL QUALITY MANAGEMENT, SIX SIGMA AND RELATED + ENTERPRISE PROCESS IMPROVEMENT METHODS Kirkor Bozdogan # Center for Technology, Policy and Industrial Development, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA USA 02139 August 5, 2010 Key Words: Lean manufacturing; just-in-time-production (JIT); Toyota Production System (TPS); lean enterprise system; total quality management (TQM); six sigma; lean six sigma; theory of constraints (TOC); agile manufacturing; business process reengineering (BPR); enterprise change and transformation; evidence-based management practices Abstract: The lean enterprise system, total quality management, six sigma, theory of constraints, agile...
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...literature review that examines how the implementation of Lean could bring value to the organization processes and contribute for achieving an operational excellence. Different organizational factors which have importance in the implementation process, are thoroughly examined. Key success factors that enhance the implementation process are identified - human resource practices, management style, organizational strategic vision, organizational culture, external partnerships. The research outlines the challenges that companies experience when they change their business model towards implementing a new to the company management system – Lean concept. For better understanding of the term the paper suggests definitions from the authors acknowledged in the field. Part of the research considers some critical points that impede the implementation of Lean. The conclusions are drawn upon considering lean as a complete business system, which change the way organization thinks in striving for a competitive advantage. Keywords: lean implementation, lean enterprise, Lean, challenges, process improvement 3 Table of Contents: Introduction ....................................................................................................... 4 Methodology ..................................................................................................... 6 Literature review: .............................................................................................. 8 ...
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...EXECUTIVE SUMMARY This research paper acknowledges different quality management tools. It is about the evolution of different quality tools and defining the best practice Strategic model in IT organization in relation to achieving quality within their business processes and integrating business processes to achieve strategic goals. Previous research and study indicates the various quality system tools in order to achieve quality management objectives in the competitive business environment. This research paper investigates and finds out the evolution of different quality system tools and significance of various quality tools and then designing best practice strategic model for future in Information Technology organization. The importance of this proposed research is that currently IT companies are experiencing increased global competition and parameters like complexities of the product, different markets, customer focus, high quality of product, decision making and integration among various business units in the global environment and the environment in which the firm operates are the issues of concern. Traditional quality tool in IT systems are not capable of coping with these demands and still stay competitive. Changes are needed in order to achieve sustainable results and maintaining fitness and overcome the problems of traditional tools. Today industrial companies need stable position socially and economically...
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...Guidelines for Programme Design, Monitoring and Evaluation Table of contents KEY TERMS 1. BASIC PRINCIPLES 1.1. Development cooperation as part of foreign policy • • • • • 1.1.1 Increasing coordination and coherence 1.1.2 Strategic planning sets the framework 1.1.3 Cooperation has various forms 1.1.4 Policies require action 1.1.5 Finland as a partner 1.2. Towards a common language • • • 1.2.1 An integrated approach improves learning 1.2.2 Project cycle - the life of a development intervention 1.2.3 Level of participation varies 1. 3. Achieving sustainable development • • • • • • • • 1.3.1 Policies must match 1.3.2 Better value for money 1.3.3 Institutional capacity makes a difference 1.3.4 People-centered development emphasises socio-cultural aspects 1.3.5 Participation enhances ownership 1.3.6 Gender equality and participatory development 1.3.7 Environment - not only ecology 1.3.8 Technology must meet the needs 2. PROJECT DESIGN 2. Situation analysis - the cornerstone of project planning • • • • 2.1.1 Background studies and the analysis of stakeholders 2.1.2 Problem analysis - key to the project’s framework 2.1.3 Objectives reflect an ideal future 2.1.4 Strategic choices begin by fixing the project purpose 2.2. Planning with logic • • • • • • • • 2.2.1 Logical framework is a practical tool 2.2.2 Intervention logic states the strategy 2.2.3 Assumptions must hold 2.2.4 Indicators make the plan concrete 2.2.5 Approach describes how 2.2.6 Organisation determines roles...
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...2 APPROACHES TO ORGANISATION AND MANAGEMENT Organisational behaviour is a discursive subject and much has been written about it. The study of organisations and management has therefore to proceed on a broad front. It is the comparative study of the different approaches that will yield benefits to the manager. The study of organisations, their structure and management is important for the manager. Identification of major trends in management and organisational behaviour, and the work of leading writers, provide a perspective on concepts and ideas discussed in more detail in other chapters. Learning outcomes After completing this chapter you should be able to: ■ identify major trends in the development of organisational behaviour and management thinking; contrast main features of different approaches to organisation and management; evaluate the relevance of these different approaches to the present-day management of organisations; explain the relationships between management theory and practice; assess the value of the study of different approaches to organisation and management; recognise the relationship between the development of theory, behaviour in organisations and management practice; establish a basis for consideration of aspects of organisational behaviour discussed in subsequent chapters. ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ Critical reflection ‘It is often claimed that what leading writers say is an important part of the study of management and organisational behaviour. Others say that...
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...Research paper The functions of management Content 1. Introduction…………………………………………………………...3 2. The nature and content of management functions……………………5 3. The main functions of management…………………………………..7 4. Characteristics of main functions of management ………………….12 4.1. The planning function……………………………………………..12 4.2. The function of the organization ………………………………….13 4.3. Function motivation……………………………………………….14 4.4. Monitoring function ………………………………………………15 5. Specific management functions……………………………………..16 6. Conclusion…………………………………………………………..17 7. Bibliography………………………………………………………...18 Introduction In general, management should be thought of as the science and art of winning, the ability to achieve goals, using the work, the motives and intelligence of people. We are talking about targeted on people with the aim of turning unorganized elements in effective and productive force. In other words, management is human possibilities through which leaders use resources to achieve strategic and tactical goals of the organization. Manager - independent profession with its own professionally-specific tools and skills, is clearly different from other professions. Encourage was achieved by the employees themselves, relates only to the trade Manager, and all other professions perform special tasks, but not task Manager. Manager is a person who has...
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...EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The real estate industry consists of a collection of industrial and services sectors of the economy such as construction, brokerage services, mortgage banking, property management and even architecture and design. The real estate industry deemed ...
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