...Abstract The liberalization of the Indian insurance sector has been the subject of much heated debate for some years. The policy makers on one hand wanted competition, development and growth of insurance sector, which is extremely essential for channeling the investments in to the infrastructure sector. At the other end the policy makers had also the fear that the insurance premium, which are substantial, would seep out of the country; and thus in the nation's interest, they want to have a cautious approach of opening for foreign participation in this sector. After a long discussion, confrences and fraction among some political parties, IRDA brought consensus among factions of different political parties. Though some changes and some restrictive clauses as regards to the foreign participation were included the IRDA has opened the doors for the private entry into insurance. The number of potential buyers of insurance is certainly attractive but much of this population might not be accessible as it will take a long time for us to trust on private Sector insurance companies and this would be the only major weapon in the hands of public sector insurance companies to move ahead .Now it would be interesting to watch that how long domestic companies can reap the fruits of being Indian and survive and expand in the immense competition from foreign and private players. Whether the insurer is old or new, private or public, expanding the market will present multitude of challenges...
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...The Indian Insurance Industry Traditionally Indian Insurance market had had a fair share of competition. An Ordinance was issued on 19th January, 1956 nationalizing the Life Insurance sector and Life Insurance Corporation came into existence in the same year. The LIC absorbed 154 Indian, 16 non-Indian insurers as also 75 provident societies—245 Indian and foreign insurers in all. The LIC thus had an absolute monopoly till the late 90s when the Insurance sector was reopened to the private sector. Today there are 23 life insurance companies operating in the country In this paper we will study the advent of the private players into the insurance market and the change in the insurance market from monopoly to an oligopolistic one. For the sake of simplicity in taking forward our discussion on this change let’s assume the current insurance market being dominated by two players: 1. LIC – Nationalized Insurer 2. Rest of the insurers (ROI) - All 22 private insurers excluding LIC Both the insurers are providing the identical products i.e. life insurance policies. Further let’s assume that they incur ‘Zero’ marginal costs. Thus the various costs incurred by them being only the fixed costs. The duopoly market is thus constructed for the insurance market as illustrated below. Cournot solution D Q 0 P* Q* P1 P2 Q1 Q2 Q* L K C E F MR LIC MR ROI Before the nationalization of the life insurance sector, LIC was the only seller in the market. The demand for...
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...“The effects of FDI on the Indian Insurance Industry” Abstract Chapter-1 1.1 Introduction In the world of increased competition and rapid technological changes, globalization has played a complimentary role over the past years. Globalization has encouraged more and more multinationals to adopt FDI. According to Charles W.L. Hill (1998) “FDI occurs when a firm invests directly in facilities to produce and market a product in a foreign country”. The growth of FDI is more than the growth of world trade and world output so role played by FDI in world economics is very vital. Patterson, N. and Montanjees, M. (2004) say that FDI is the most favoured form of external finance for the reason that it is non-debt creating, non- volatile and the outcome depends upon the projects performance initiated by investors. FDI is advantageous because it facilitates international trade and transfer of technology, knowledge and skills. The purpose of this study is to investigate factors that attract FDI. De Mello (1999) asserts that scope for business in a country, opportunities for expansion, market size etc are some of the factors that attract FDI. Growth rate of a company or an industry leads to magnetism of more and more investment as investors know that their investment is safe enough. According to Dunning, J. (1981) Availability of valuable and unique resources in an industry such as cheap production capacity, cheap skilled labour and advanced technology which are necessary for running...
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...health insurance industry, with particular focus on Policyholders perceptions on Health insurance based on household survey. The Burgeoning Indian Health Insurance Industry: ……...Yet miles to go!!! By *V. Jayalakshmi (M.Phil, LLB, FIIII(Non-Life)) __________________________________________________________________ * Assistant Professor, Siva Sivani Institute of Management, Kompally, Secunderabad, Andhra Pradesh, India. Pursuing Ph D from Osmania University, jayalakshmi@ssim.ac.in *This paper was presented at the National Seminar on Health Insurance “A Decade of Experience: Health Care Insurance… Present Scenario”, in Hyderabad on 24th January, 2012. The Burgeoning Indian Health Insurance Industry: ……...Yet miles to go!!! Introduction Health insurance has become one of the fastest growing segments in the non-life insurance industry in India in the recent years, experiencing a robust sixty per cent remarkable growth during 2007 – 08 over the past year. From a modest premium volume of Rs. 675 crore in 2001- 02 the health insurance premium has grown to Rs. 7803 crores in year 2009-2010, and is poised to grow at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 25 to 30 per cent to reach a market size of around Rs 28,000 crore by financial year (FY) 2015 as per IRDA estimates. This segment is also emerging as an increasingly significant line of business for life insurance companies...
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...Culture represents the beliefs, ideologies, policies, practices of an organization. It gives the employees a sense of direction and also controls the way they behave with each other. The work culture brings all the employees on a common platform and unites them at the workplace. There are several factors which affect the organization culture: * The first and the foremost factor affecting culture is the individual working with the organization. The employees in their own way contribute to the culture of the workplace. The attitudes, mentalities, interests, perception and even the thought process of the employees affect the organization culture. Example - Organizations which hire individuals from army or defence background tend to follow a strict culture where all the employees abide by the set guidelines and policies. The employees are hardly late to work. It is the mindset of the employees which forms the culture of the place. Organizations with majority of youngsters encourage healthy competition at the workplace and employees are always on the toes to perform better than the fellow workers. * The sex of the employee also affects the organization culture. Organizations where male employees dominate the female counterparts follow a culture where late sitting is a normal feature. The male employees are more aggressive than the females who instead would be caring and softhearted. * The nature of the business also affects the culture of the organization. Stock broking...
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...1) Online auctions: We believe it’s high time that we embrace the technology and make a transition to internet auctions. Develop an online platform through which growers can sell their products and buyers can purchase them. Both of them will be charged a 0.1 % of transaction amount. This will not only bring in additional revenue but also make the whole process of buying and selling a lot easier. These are the financials involved. We estimate that online portal will cost us around $3 million. With the revenue that we will generate from it, cost of portal will be covered in 341 days. 2) Service Customization As per the recent trend, many clients don’t want full range of auction services. Hence sometimes they bypass auctions and directly contact growers. Taking this into account, we have decided to offer clients what they want. Auctioneers will offer services in the form of bundles. Clients can customize their bundles as per their needs. 3. Situational Analysis 3.1. SWOT Analysis Strengths: * Rich heritage ( Considered America’s original motorcycle company) * Strong brand equity because of snowmobiles and off-road vehicles * Strong supply chain and distribution channel of parent company (Polaris): Polaris' marketing activities are designed to promote and communicate directly with consumers as well as to assist the selling and marketing efforts of its dealers and distributors. The company provides and advertises discount or rebate programs...
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...A Brief History of Indian Motorcycle America's love for the motorcycle began in 1900 with bicycle racer George M. Hendee and engineering wizard Carl Oscar Hedstrom. In 1901, the partners unveiled their first creation, the 1901 Single. The trade name chosen for their innovative machine would signify "a wholly American product in pioneering tradition". The name was Indian. 1910-1919 By 1911, Indian riders hold every American speed and distance record. In 1914, over 3,000 employees work on a 7-mile long assembly line in Indian's 1-million square foot Springfield, Massachusetts plant. Racing activities are suspended in 1916 as the company supplies the war effort with 41,000 machines. 1920-1929 In 1923 the company is renamed Indian Motocycle Company, dropping the "r" in "motorcycle". It's a decade of growth for the Indian model line, starting with the revolutionary 1920 Scout and followed by the 95-mph Chief, the even more powerful Big Chief, the lightweight Prince, the awesome 4-cylinder Four. The 1928 101 Scout becomes the machine of choice for "wall of death" stunt riders. 1930-1939 The Art Deco era hits the Indians adorned in a full range of Duco colors, two-tone designs, pinstriping, and decals. Two new lightweight models debut in 1932, the Motoplane and the Pony Scout. "Iron Man" Ed Kretz, aboard a Sport Scout, laps the entire field in his win at the 1937 inaugural Daytona 200. With the onset of World War II in 1939, the focus again shifts to providing the...
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...mangers and policy makers of motorbike industry,helping them to analyzing the factors which are affecting while driving their industry to different countries of the world. Throughout the last few year,the acronym PESTLE has been suffering a numbers of changes,but it seem to be the most important factor which is helpful for decision-makers of royal-Enfield to analysis the current situation of the that country where industry expands.There are six factors which are influencing PESTLE analysis. Political factors include areas such as taxation policy, law labor of law,transportation problems and stable political environment. Furthermore, governments have great influence proposal that limit number of motorcycles being sold in the country because Indian currency changes everyday with the comparison of UK pounds.The changes of currency means the changes of price of products and demand of product like royal Enfield are also changes which means recession are enter into the market so UK government take some steps to solved the this problem.Royal Enfield sales would affect by this issue.Furthermore UK consumers pay higher pre-tax prices for Motorbikes than anyone else in the Europe.Government is keen to attract foreign firms to invest in UK. Economical factors include economical stability,rate of interest,currency rate[market Recerch report{2013}] . These are factors which puts impacts on the operation of business and accrucul decisions. This is because the rate of interest and the currency...
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...------------------------------------------------- CHAPTER 2 FORMATION AND GROWTH OF INSURANCE INDUSTRY IN INDIA * INTRODUCTION * NATURE AND CHARACTER OF INSURANCE * NEED FOR INSURANCE * FUNCTIONS OF INSURANCE * HISTORICAL BACKGROUND OF INSURANCE * TYPES OF INSURANCE * HISTORY OF INSURANCE IN INDIA * Formation of Insurance Industry in India * Nationalization of Insurance Business in India * Privatization of Insurance Industry * LEGISLATIONS REGULATING THE INSURANCE SECTOR IN INDIA ------------------------------------------------- CHAPTER 2 FORMATION AND GROWTH OF INSURANCE INDUSTRY IN INDIA INTRODUCTION Insurance is a practice by which a company provides a guarantee of compensation for specified loss, damage, illness, or death in return for payment. Insurance is a social device, to reduce or eliminate risk of life and property. Under the plan of insurance, a large number of people associate themselves by sharing risk, attached to individual. The risks, which can be insured against include fire, the peril of sea, death, incident, & burglary. The aim of insurance is to protect the owner from a variety of risks which he anticipates. Insurance is actually a contract between two parties. A contract of insurance is a contract where one person undertakes to pay another person, a sum of money or its equivalent on the happening of a specified event. And there is an agreed consideration for such undertaking. The person who seeks this protection...
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...Insurance Industry – Road Ahead Path for sustainable growth momentum and increasing profitability kpmg.com/in Foreword The Insurance industry in India has undergone transformational changes over the last 12 years. Liberalization has led to the entry of the largest insurance companies in the world, who have taken a strategic view on India being one of the top priority emerging markets. The industry has witnessed phases of rapid growth along with spans of growth moderation, intensifying competition with both life and general insurance segments having more than 20 competing companies, and significant expansion of the customer base. There have also been number of product innovations and operational innovations necessitated by increased competition among the players. Changes in the regulatory environment had path-breaking impact on the development of the industry. While the life insurance industry got affected by the introduction of cap in charges, the general insurance industry got impacted by price detariffication and Motor third party risk pooling arrangements. While the insurance industry still struggles to move out of the shadows cast by the challenges and uncertainties of the last few years, the strong fundamentals of the industry augur well for a roadmap to be drawn for sustainable long-term growth. The available headroom for development, sustainable external growth drivers, and competitive strategies would continue to drive growth in the gross written premiums. However...
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...INCREASING INSURANCE PENETRATION IN INDIA Insurance penetration is the ratio of the percentage of total insurance premiums to gross domestic product. It tells us the level to which a market is being tapped. Thus insurance penetration is a tool to understand and identify the reasons of the success or failure and the degree of presence of insurance in the economy of a country. Indian insurance is a flourishing industry, with several national and international players competing and growing at rapid rates. Thanks to reforms and the easing of policy regulations, the Indian insurance sector been allowed to flourish, with a period 2010-2015 projected to be the ‘Golden Age’ for the Indian insurance industry. With a huge population base and large untapped market, insurance industry is a big opportunity area in India for national as well as foreign investors. India is the fifth largest life insurance market in the emerging insurance economies globally and is growing at 32-34% annually. This impressive growth in the market has been driven by liberalization, with new players significantly enhancing product awareness and promoting consumer education and information. Indian Insurance Market – History Insurance has a long history in India. Life Insurance in its current form was introduced in 1818 when Oriental Life Insurance Company began its operations in India. General Insurance was however a comparatively late entrant in 1850 when Triton Insurance company set up its base in Kolkata...
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...THE UNIVERSITY OF NOTTINGHAM Centre for Risk & Insurance Studies Privatization of the Insurance Market in India: From the British Raj to Monopoly Raj to Swaraj Tapen Sinha CRIS Discussion Paper Series – 2002.X Privatization of the Insurance Market in India: From the British Raj to Monopoly Raj to Swaraj by Tapen Sinha, Ph.D. ING Comercial America Chair Professor Instituto Tecnológico Autónomo de México Mexico City, Mexico and Professor, School of Business University of Nottingham, UK tapen@itam.mx, tapen@nottingham.ac.uk Abstract We examine the institution of insurance in India. Over the past century, Indian insurance industry has gone through big changes. It started as a fully private system with no restriction on foreign participation. After the independence, the industry went to the other extreme. It became a state-owned monopoly. In 1991, when rapid changes took place in many parts of the Indian economy, nothing happened to the institutional structure of insurance: it remained a monopoly. Only in 1999, a new legislation came into effect signaling a change in the insurance industry structure. We examine what might happen in the future when the domestic private insurance companies are allowed to compete with some foreign participation. Because of the time dependence of insurance contracts, it is highly unlikely that these erstwhile monopolies are going to disappear. Acknowledgement: I would like to thank Rebecca Benedict and Samik Dasgupta for their input in...
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...8160 Research Paper Economics Insurance Sector in India: Challenges and Opportunities Dr. NARESH RAMDAS MADHAVI ABSTRACT Associate Professor and Head Department of Economics Mahatma Phule A. S. C. College, Panvel, Dist. - Raigad Insurance sector in India is one of the growing sectors of the economy. India’s growing consumer class, rising insurance awareness, increasing domestic savings and investments are among the most critical factors that have positively driven the market penetration of the insurance product among its consumer segments. Both the life and non-life insurance in India, which were nationalized in the 1950s and 1960s respectively, which were liberalized in 1990s. Since the formation of IRDA and the opening of the insurance sector to private players in 2000, the Indian insurance sector has witnessed rapid growth. The opening up of the insurance sector has led to rapid growth of the sector. The total premium of the insurance industry has increased at a CAGR of 24.6 percent to reach INR 2,523.9 billion in 2009 KEYWORDS : Life Insurance, LIC, IRDA, Private Insurance Companies Introduction: The economic reforms initiated in the early 90s paved the way for the growth and opening up of the financial sector, which led to a sustained period of economic growth. The insurance industry was opened up for private players in 2000, and has seen tremendous growth over the past decade with the entry of global insurance majors. India is fast emerging as one of...
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...private Life Insurance companies in India. Introduction: The Indian life insurance industry has its own origin and history, since its inception. It has passed through many obstacles, hindrances to attain the present status. Insurance owes its existence to 17th century England. In fact, it took shape in 1688 at a rather interesting place called Lloyd's Coffee House in London, where merchants, ship-owners and underwriters met to discuss and transact business. The first stock companies to get into the business of insurance were chartered in England in 1720. The year 1735 saw the birth of the first insurance company in the American colonies in Charleston. In 1759, the Presbyterian Synod of Philadelphia sponsored the first life insurance corporation in America for the benefit of ministers and their dependents. Life insurance in its modern form came to India from England in 1818 with the formation of Oriental Life Insurance Company (OLIC) in Kolkata mainly by Europeans to help widows of their kin. Later, due to persuasion by one of its directors (Shri Babu Muttyal Seal), Indians were also covered by the company. However, it was after 1840 that life insurance really took off in a big way. By1868, 285 companies were doing business of insurance in India. Earlier these companies were governed by Indian company Act 1866. By 1870, 174 companies ceased to exist, when British Parliament enacted Insurance Act 1870. These companies however, insured European lives. Those Indians who were offered...
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...Liberalization on Indian Life Insurance Industry with special reference to LIC of India – Prospects and Challenges Presentation of Pilot Survey To Research Development Committee Kadi Sarva Vishva Vidyalaya Gandhinagar J D Chandrapal 10E0244 - Management Scholar enrolled in PhD program Kadi Sarva Vishva Vidyalaya - Gandhinagar Prof. Dr. A.C. Brahmbhatt – (Guide) Institute of Management - Nirma University, Ahmedabad 382 481, India Mailing Address 7, Krishna flats Opp. Lalbhai Apartment Kiranpark, Nava Vadaj Ahmedabad -380013 Contact Info 9825070933 jdchandrapal@yahoo.com Key words: Life insurance, liberalization, globalization, Competition, Economic Reforms, LIC of India Changing Face of LIC of India in Response to Liberalization Abstract The purpose of this paper is to facilitate the attempts of mapping the change in LIC of India because of liberalization of Indian insurance sector. The insurance sector in India has experienced a 360-degree journey over a period of more than a hundred years. Its transition from an open competitive sector to nationalization and then back to a liberalized market characterizes this phenomenon. Economic reforms have revolutionized insurance sector. The economic reforms started, it leads to liberalization. Liberalization has sparkled a flame of globalization and privatization (LPG). The economic reforms i.e. Liberalization has posed some challenges to LIC of India. In the post liberalization period life insurance business...
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