...application. Lanzas’ paranoia and distrust for others, alongside his extreme introversion caused by severe anxiety over human interaction would suggest that he would fit into cluster A. Schizoid personality disorder is one of a group of conditions that falls under cluster A and is a pattern of indifference to social relationships and a tendency towards a solitary lifestyle. Lanza displayed a high level of introversion throughout his lifetime, and can be shown through the following. At the age of three, Lanza was referred to special education after he began to exhibit oddly repetitive behaviours and was not able to socialise like most kids. By the fourth grade, Lanza had been diagnosed as suffering from anxiety, obsessive-compulsive...
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...PSY 490 Week 4 Quiz Click Link for the Answer: http://workbank247.com/q/psy-490-week-4-quiz/27203 http://workbank247.com/q/psy-490-week-4-quiz/27203 1) Ivan Pavlov pioneered the theory of | A. Social Learning Theory | | B. classical conditioning | | C. operant conditioning | | D. Cognitive Psychology | | | | 2) Philosophers who believe that truth can emerge from the careful use of reason are known as | A. Rationalists | | B. Nativists | | C. Dualists | | D. Empiricists | | | | 3) The most commonly used statistic in Psychology is | A. mean | | B. criteria | | C. mode | | D. range | | | | 4) In a topographical representation of the motor cortex, the homunculus is the largest area devoted to | A. the face | | B. the hands | | C. arms and legs | | D. the tongue | | | | 5) What theorist presents a hierarchy of needs and motivations? | A. Carl Jung | | B. Sigmund Freud | | C. Abraham Maslow | | D. B.F. Skinner | | | | 6) Consider the biological theories of aging. Which of the following best represent components of that theory? | A. Attachment Theory | | B. The Nun Theory | | C. Cellular Dial Theory | | D. Hormonal Stress Theory | | | | 7) In operant conditioning, which of the following is accurate? | A. Any response that is followed by reward tends to become extinct. | | B. Any response that is followed by punishment is likely to not be repeated. | | C. Any response...
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...All personality disorders have four main defining features which are, distorted thinking patterns, problematic emotional responses, over- or under-regulated impulse control, and interpersonal difficulties. Before being diagnosed, a person must display significant and enduring difficulties in at least two of these four areas. This means that anyone can display these at times, but it becomes a problem when it happens over a long period of time, and is disrupting to their everyday life. Personality disorders are organized into three different clusters which are Cluster A, the “odd, eccentric” cluster, Cluster B, the “dramatic, emotional, erratic” cluster, and Cluster C, the “anxious, fearful” cluster. Cluster A, the “odd, eccentric” cluster,...
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...criteria for schizophrenia, as well as the current criteria for brief psychotic disorder. What is the typical age of onset? What percent of people will develop this schizophrenia? Following is the DSM-IV diagnostic criteria for schizophrenia. i. Two (or more) of the following, each present for a significant portion of time during a 1-month period (or less if successfully treated): 1. Delusions 2. Hallucinations 3. Disorganized speech (e.g., frequent derailment or incoherence) 4. Grossly disorganized or catatonic behavior. 5. Negative symptoms, (affective flattening, alogia, or avolition ii. For a significant portion of the time since the onset of the disturbance, one or more major areas of functioning such as work or school, interpersonal relations, or self-care is markedly below the level expected for the individual or achieved prior to the onset. iii. Continuous signs of the disturbance persist for at least 6 months. This 6-month period must include at least 1 month of symptoms (or less if successfully treated) that meet Criterion A and may include periods of prodromal or residual symptoms. During these prodromal or residual periods, the signs of the disturbance may be manifested by only negative symptoms or two or more symptoms listed in Criterion A present in an attenuated form (e.g., odd beliefs, unusual perceptual experiences). iv. Schizoaffective disorder and mood disorder with psychotic features have been ruled out. The disturbance is not due to the...
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...determine tendencies among populations, the best course of treatment for common social diseases, such as drug or alcohol addiction, or the reasons behind behavior among certain populations. Introduction A number of studies have been conducted in order to provide members of the medical and psychological community with information to determine the best course of treatment for patients with alcohol addiction. These studies take into account other factors, such as personality disorders, chronic diseases, and also address the use of medication and psychological treatment. The first study entitled, Personality Disorders Among Alcoholic Outpatients: Prevalence and Course in Treatment, attempts to determine the prevalence of personality disorders among men and women seeking outpatient treatment for alcoholism. The hypothesis is that if there is a personality disorder present, it should help determine the type of treatment an alcoholic receives. The treatment chosen should be tailored to the patient’s comorbid personality disorder, or lack thereof. The second study entitled, Chronic disease and recent addiction treatment utilization among alcohol and drug dependent adults, “the objective of this paper is to evaluate the association between the presence of chronic medical disease and recent addiction treatment utilization among adults with substance dependence.” (Reif, Larson, Cheng, et al., 2011) The hypothesis that is being studied is whether the presence of a chronic disease will...
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...Psychology 102 March 14, 2014 Tina Ayers Paper Thesis and Outline Introduction: Have you ever wondered why people act a certain type of way? A type of behavior can stem from past or even present situations. Dependent personality disorder is a mental condition in which people depend too much on others so that their physical and emotional needs are met. A condition like this does not come about overnight; there are different types of situations that the individual could have gone through to lead up to this condition. While researching about dependent personality disorder I was able to see what exactly goes on in the life of someone with this disorder. Body Paragraphs 1. A. Detailed topic sentence B. What exactly DPD is C. Who founded this condition 2. A. Detailed topic sentence B. How DPD is found C. Early signs of DPD 3. A. DPD symptoms B. Any cures found in trying to help this mental health condition? C. How does one cope with having this mental condition? 4. A. How does this affect someone’s life? B. How do you live with this? C. How does one help an individual going through this health condition? 5. A. Examples of people going through DPD- Prison reference B. How has DPD affected their life and scenarios that led them to this health condition? C. Example stories and the articles I read in my annotated reference list 6. Conclusion A. What I have...
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...Lars and The Real Girl is a perfect example of the toll that a citizens mental illness can have upon not only the individual, but also the family and community of the person affected. It is a funny and heartfelt film that forces viewers to quickly become attached the main character. Viewers are intrigued by Lars’s antisocial personality and awkward behavior when he is forced to interact with others. As the story unfolds, viewers begin to notice that Lars does not belong to one particular psychological disorder. His symptoms include being awkward/uncomfortable when women speak to him, delusion, little interest in sexual experience, and panic attacks. Also, Lars is very reserved and lacks sympathy. One particular characteristic is that he feels a sharp apin when someone touches him. I would diagnose Lars as having both a personality and mood disorder since there are numerous signs that he is struggling with a psychological disorder. For example, he believes that Bianca is real person who speaks back to him. Furthermore, he tends to ignore Gus’s constant comments about Bianca not being real. Lars is abnormal since he will not let Karin into his home. This demonstrates that he does not like people in his personal space. I found it especially unusual the way in which Lars played with the child’s toy during the church mass and the manner...
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...Antisocial personality disorder From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Not to be confused with Asociality, Antisocial behavior, Avoidant personality disorder, or Schizoid personality disorder. "ASPD" redirects here. For the sleep disorder, see Advanced sleep phase disorder. For the former trade union, see Amalgamated Society of Painters and Decorators. Antisocial personality disorder Classification and external resources ICD-10 F60.2 ICD-9 301.7 MedlinePlus 000921 Patient UK Antisocial personality disorder MeSH D000987 Personality disorders Cluster A (odd) Paranoid Schizoid Schizotypal Cluster B (dramatic) Antisocial Borderline Histrionic Narcissistic Cluster C (anxious) Avoidant Dependent Obsessive–compulsive Not specified Depressive Passive-aggressive Sadistic Self-defeating Psychopathy v t e Antisocial (or dissocial) personality disorder is characterized by a lack of empathy or remorse and a pervasive pattern of disregard for, or violation of, the rights of others. There may be an impoverished moral sense or conscience and a history of crime, legal problems, and impulsive and aggressive behavior. Antisocial personality disorder (ASPD) is the name of the disorder as defined in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM). Dissocial personality disorder is the name of a similar or equivalent concept defined in the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (ICD), where it states that the diagnosis includes antisocial...
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...Antisocial Personality Disorder: The Effects and Treatments Antisocial personality disorder is a mental condition that makes a person show no regard for right or wrong and have a tendency to manipulate others for their own goals. This disorder usually starts causing symptoms around the age of 15 but people are often not diagnosed until the age of 18 (“Antisocial Personality Disorder”). There are many different kinds of treatments for this disorder including therapies (“Treatment for Antisocial Personality Disorder”). People with this disorder usually seem like a great people on the outside but are very aggressive and irresponsible ( “Antisocial Personality Disorder”). Antisocial personality disorder causes people to disobey the law and be involved with drugs and alcohol, making them criminals ( “Antisocial Personality Disorder”). Most people with this disorder perform criminal acts because the individuals are trying to feel something since this disorder causes people to lose emotion and have a dull boring life (“Treatment for Antisocial Personality Disorder”). If this disorder becomes more dangerous and harmful it can be considered psychopathy or sociopathy. Psychopathy is when someone has no regard for someone else and...
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...Borderline Personality Disorder Diagnosis, criteria, symptoms Personality disorders are estimated to affect about ten to twenty percent of the general population (Sadock & Sadock 2007). Individuals with borderline personality disorders fall under the category of Cluster B personality disorders, which are characterized by dramatic, impulsive, and erratic features, which include narcissistic, antisocial, borderline, and dramatic personality disorders. (Sadock & Sadock 2007) According to the DSM-IV-TR Diagnostic for Borderline Personality Disorder, the criteria for Borderline Personality is “A pervasive pattern of instability of interpersonal relationships, self-image, and affects, and marked impulsivity beginning by early adulthood and present in a variety of contexts, as indicated by five (or more) of the following: 1. 1.Frantic efforts to avoid real or imagined abandonment 2. A pattern of unstable and intense interpersonal relationships characterized by 3. alternating between extremes of idealization and devaluation 4. identity disturbance, markedly and persistently unstable self image or sense of self 5. impulsivity in at least two areas that are potentially self-damaging 6. recurrent suicidal behavior, gestures, or threats, or self mutilating...
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...Avoidant Personality Disorder From the moment a person is born, his or her personality begins to take shape. In infancy, childhood, and later adolescence, the individual explores a multitude of behaviors. Of all the behaviors, or personalities, the person experiences, one of them will stick with them until the day they die. Unfortunately, each specific personality also contain a personality disorder. Personality disorders can result in anxiety attacks, depression, and to a certain level, suicide. One of the most unique personality disorders is the Avoidant Personality Disorder. The DSM-IV (American Psychiatric Association, 1994) describes Avoidant Personality Disorder as: a persuasive pattern of social inhibition, feelings of inadequacy, and hypersensitivity to negative evaluation, beginning by early childhood and present in a variety of contexts, as indicated by four (or more) of the following traits: 1.) avoids occupational activities that involve significant interpersonal contact because of fears of criticism, disapproval, or rejection 2.) is unwilling to get involved with people unless certain of being liked 3.) shows restraint within intimate relationships because of the fear of being shamed or ridiculed 4.) is preoccupied with being criticized or rejected in social situations 5.) is inhibited in new interpersonal situations because of feelings of inadequacy 6.) views self as socially inept, personally unappealing, or inferior to others 7.) is usually reluctant to...
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...Borderline personality disorder is a disordered behavior pattern that develops by early adulthood, and is characterized by multiple types of psychological instability and impulsiveness, often involves intense and frequent mood changes, fear of abandonment, and a risk of suicide according to Merriam-Webster.com. In Oldham’s article “Personality Disorders” he states that in many important ways, we are what we do. It is easier to determine the “what” of our personality rather than the “why”. We all have unique personalities and no two people are the same, for instance like our fingerprints. Individuals’ temperament is a key component of a person’s developing personality, along with the shaping and molding influences of family, caretakers, and environmental experiences. Personality disorders are diagnosed by a classical system of descriptive psychopathology within a framework adopted by the American Psychiatric Association (APA) and published in its Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) (). The DSM has had many revisions with the latest revision being published in 2000. The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th edition (DSM-IV-TR) is used to diagnose psychiatric illness. The DSM-IV TR has a multiaxial approach that includes five dimensions. Axis I: Clinical Syndromes, Axis II: Personality and Mental Retardation, Axis III: Medical Conditions, Axis IV: Psychosocial and Environmental Problems, and Axis V: Global Assessment of Functioning...
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...Personality Disorders-Fact or Fiction? Personality disorders are challenging to diagnose and therefore are difficult to treat; so they shouldn’t be included as a diagnostic category. I will discuss how diagnosis and studying the causation of personality disorders are challenging. Also how treatment of personality disorders is difficult will be discussed to support my argument of not including personality disorders as a diagnostic category. Research information that will support my argument will be discussed also. If personality disorders are to be considered as a diagnostic category, they should have a clear defined criteria of what each personality disorder is. The Challenges in Diagnosing Personality Disorders Distinct care is in command concerning the identification of personality disorders because more misidentifications possibly happen here than in any other classification of disorder. There are various explanations for this. One issue is that analytic standards for personality disorders are not as distinctly explained as they are for most Axis I analytic classifications, so they are frequently not easy to follow in practice or exact. For example, it might be challenging to identify dependably whether a person sustains a given standard for dependent personality disorder such as “has difficulty making everyday decisions without an excessive amount of advice and reassurance from others“ or “goes to excessive lengths to obtain nurturance and support from others...
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...ever seen. The Joker. The Joker is a mob-backed terrorist with suicidal tendencies and According to the DSM, the joker would be given the diagnoses of Antisocial personality disorder. He is not reasonable, he’s not afraid of anything, and the last thing he cares about in the world is himself. As Alfred explained to Bruce, “Some men just want to watch the world burn Individuals with an Antisocial Personality Disorder show a lack of concern toward the expectations and rules of society and usually frequently become involved in at least minor violations of the rules of society and the rights of others. A popular term for this type of individual is “sociopath”. Although the diagnosis is limited to those persons over eighteen years of age, it usually involves a history of antisocial behavior before the age of fifteen. The individual often displays a pattern of lying, truancy, delinquency, substance abuse, running away from home and may have difficulty with the law. As an adult, the person often commits acts that are against the law and/or fails to live up to the requirements of a job, financial responsibility, or parenting responsibilities. They tend to have difficulty sustaining a long term marital relationship and frequently are involved in alcohol and drug abuse. To be diagnosed with Antisocial Personality Disorder the person must have three or more symptoms of the following (John M. Groho) . The signs and symptoms include: (dsm-iv-rt) 1. Lack of concern regarding society’s...
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...There are many mental health disorders and illnesses to which people suffer from. After reading several case studies and matching the correct diagnosis to the correct case study, now it is time to go over these case studies, diagnosis, causes and treatments. There are five case studies in total. The diagnoses to be covered are schizoid personality disorder, narcissistic personality disorder, somatoform disorder, dissociative identity disorder and schizophrenia. The first case study was on a middle ages woman name Josephine. Josephine presented with symptoms of schizoid personality disorder. She is avoidant of social situations, shows no emotions and prefers to be alone. From a cognitive perspective, individuals with schizoid personality disorder have a deficient way of thinking and looking at things. However, psychodynamic theorists believe that schizoid personality disorder is a product of unaccepting or abusive parents. Treatments for schizoid personality disorder are quite limited on effectiveness and treatment isn’t usually sought unless another disorder presents the need for treatment. Drug therapy, group therapy, learning social skills, role play and exposure techniques are some types of behavioral therapy techniques used to treat schizoid personality disorder. The cognitive approach gives the patient a list of emotions to think about and also asks him/her to write down experiences when certain emotions are present, such as pleasure (Comer, 2011). The second case study...
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