...European Planning Studies, Vol. 10, No. 4, 2002 RESEARCH BRIEFING The Fashion Industry in Galicia: Understanding the ‘Zara’ Phenomenon ARTURO REVILLA BONNIN ABSTRACT Galicia is traditionally one of the weaker regional economies in Spain. However it is home to one of the most successful global marketing phenomena of the age. Zara, the mid-market fashion arm of the Galician INDITEX Group, is amongst the ‘culprits’ that have been blamed for the demise from high street hegemony of such European retail notables as C&A, Littlewoods and Marks & Spencer. In this paper an analysis is provided of the mechanisms by which this peripheral region has succeeded in producing, from virtually nothing, a globally outstanding retail fashion industry in one of the world’s most cutthroat competitive industries. It is shown that regional, national and supra-national factors have had important parts to play, but that the Galician approach is nevertheless unique, compared to that of other fashion clothing regions. Among the special features at play are high levels of tacit and codi ed knowledge exploitation, integrated design, production and retailing and advanced retail feedback technology that enables anticipation of customer preference. 1. Introduction The fashion industry in Galicia presents different characteristics from that in the rest of Spain. Until the end of the 1970s, the Spanish textile industry was highly protected, oriented mainly towards domestic markets and with a very restricted...
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...CULTURAL-PRODUCTS INDUSTRIES REVIEW / March 2004 10.1177/1078087403261256 URBAN AFFAIRS ARTICLE CULTURAL-PRODUCTS INDUSTRIES AND URBAN ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT Prospects for Growth and Market Contestation in Global Context University of California, Los Angeles ALLEN J. SCOTT The article begins with a brief definition of the cultural economy. A first generation of local economic development policy approaches based on place marketing and associated initiatives is described. The possibilities of a more powerful second-generation approach are then sketched out with special emphasis on localized complexes of cultural-products industries. An extensive review and classification of these complexes is laid out, and their inward and outward relations to global markets are considered. On this basis, a critical discussion of local economic policy options focused on cultural-products industries is offered. Contrasting examples of development initiatives in major global cities, in selected old manufacturing towns, and in the Multimedia Super Corridor of Malaysia are briefly presented. It is suggested that the growth and spread of localized production agglomerations based on cultural-products industries are leading not to cultural uniformity but to greatly increased diversity at the global level. Keywords: agglomeration; cultural economy; globalization; industrial districts; local economic development; place marketing Over the past decade or so, the industrial profile of many countries...
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...Department of Marketing, University of Dhaka. ABSTRACT In the process of economic development Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) play a pivotal role in poverty alleviation and rapid industrialization of the developing countries like Bangladesh. In this paper we tried to appraise the Problems and Prospects of SMEs in Bangladesh. We observed from the research that non availability of adequate credit, complex loan granting procedure, inadequate infrastructure facilities, problems of collateral requirements, paucity of working capital, non availability of skilled work force, poor salary structure, lack of coordination among SME related organizations, lack of appropriate marketing strategies etc. are the major hindrances to the development of the SMEs in Bangladesh. In order to overcome the problems researchers have tried to provide some recommendations for the developments of SMEs in Bangladesh based on sound reasoning. Background of the Assignment Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) act as a vital player for the economic growth, poverty alleviation and rapid industrialization of the developing countries like Bangladesh. SMEs are significant in underlying country’s economic growth, employment generation and accelerated industrialization. Government of Bangladesh has highlighted the importance of SME in the Industrial Policy-2005. SMEs have been identified by the Ministry of Industries as a ‘Thrust sector’. As the SME sector is labor intensive, it can create more employment...
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...The Reality of Quick Response (QR) in the Japanese Fashion Sector and the Strategy Ahead for the Domestic SME Apparel Manufacturers Nobby (Nobukaza) Azuma School of Management Heriot-Watt University UK E-mail: nobukaza@aol.com N.Azuma@hw.ac.uk Fax: +44-(0) 131-451-3498 Abstract Quick Response (QR) has long been perceived as the essential survival strategy of the textile and apparel (T-A) manufacturers in the developed economies against offshore competition. However, the regionalization of global economies and active governmental investment in the T-A industry in the offshore countries has allowed the offshore QR to become increasingly feasible. This changing facet of QR may spell out more lucrative opportunities for Japanese "apparel firms", which have predominantly in-house creative and marketing functions, to widen the scope and the scale of their fashion business operations, since the economic upgrading in the Pacific Rim will create a huge consumer market that shares similar fashion trends as in the Japanese market. However, the apparel firms' production shift offshore has, on the other hand, threatened the existence of the domestic SME apparel manufacturers that have traditionally served their apparel firms customers, now that QR is no longer the sustainable competitive advantage of domestic manufacturing. The purpose of this paper is to explore the levels of QR implementation, identifying the potential pitfalls and drawbacks of the current QR initiatives in the Japanese...
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...Research report: November 2010 Creative clusters and innovation Putting creativity on the map Caroline Chapain, Phil Cooke, Lisa De Propris, Stewart MacNeill and Juan Mateos-Garcia Disclaimer This work contains statistical data from ONS which is Crown copyright and reproduced with the permission of the controller of HMSO and Queen’s Printer for Scotland. The use of the ONS statistical data in this work does not imply the endorsement of the ONS in relation to the interpretation or analysis of the statistical data. This work uses research datasets which may not exactly reproduce National Statistics aggregates. Copyright of the statistical results may not be assigned, and publishers of these data must have or obtain a licence from HMSO. The ONS data in these results are covered by the terms of the standard HMSO ‘click-use’ licence. Creative clusters and innovation Putting creativity on the map Foreword No one doubts the economic importance of the creative industries to the UK. At 6.2 per cent of the economy, and growing at twice the rate of other sectors, they are proportionately the largest of any in the world. But there is some evidence that the UK’s creative industries support innovation and growth in other parts of the economy too. The significance of these spillovers has only recently begun to be examined rigorously. And we know next to nothing about their geographical dimensions. This gap in our understanding is what NESTA set out to address in Creative Clusters...
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...embrace responsibility for the company's actions and inspire a positive impact through its activities on the employees, environment, communities, consumers, as well as stakeholders. It seems that CSR is balance between positive social effect and business processes. With the development of CSR, more recent definitions focus mainly on the impact of how the companies manage their core business. In other words, the idea whether CSR serves as a resource of competitive advantage has emerged. In this essay, the author believes that the CSR indeed brings financial profits to the business and is overall beneficial to fashion business development. In the recent years, most high-street brands, such as Primark and Top Shop, including some luxury fashion brands, have worked on sustainability reports and corporate responsibility (CSR) for the sake of their long-term growth. This study will focus on the influence of CSR in the fashion business and discuss the issues mentioned above. Additionally, based on the aspects of CSR definition, this essay is divided into three dimensions, including environment, staff welfare and community in order to discuss the relationship between CSR and competitive advantages in fashion industry. The first dimension is an environmental issue, the most essential part in CSR. As we all...
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...guide:- Mr Sachin Kumar Singh Distributor (western U.P) cum ASM Titan watches Institute of Productivity & Management PREFACE The PGDM program is well structured and integrated course of business studies. The main objective of practical training at PGDM level is to develop skill in student by supplement to the theoretical study of business management in general. Industrial training helps to gain real life knowledge about the industrial environment and business practices. The PGDM program provides student with a fundamental knowledge of business and organizational functions and activities, as well as an exposure to strategic thinking of management. In every professional course, training is an important factor. Professors give us theoretical knowledge of various subjects in the college but we are practically exposed of such subjects when we get the training in the organization. It is only the training through which I come to know that what an industry is and how it works. I can learn about various departmental operations being performed in the industry, which would, in return, help me in the future when I will enter the practical field. Training is an integral part of PGDM and each and every student has to undergo the training for 2 months in a company and then prepare a project report on the same after the completion of training. During this whole training I got a lot of experience and came to know about the management practices in real...
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...Battle for the textile and apparel industry in Southeast Asia • The reasons for China’s decreasing presence in the industry • Initiatives by the governments in Southeast Asia to boost the textile trade • Vietnam and Bangladesh’s quest to conquer apparel industry and surpass India Textile manufacturing is characterised as a high labour intensive industry and the enterprise has been steering the economic growth in Southeast Asia. The industry is closely linked to the agriculture sector and the raw materials such as cotton and jute, which are easily available, this along with high crop subsidies have supported the growth of textile manufacturing in the region. China has been dominating the industry for more than three decades as far as production...
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...Supply Chain Management strategies in the luxury industry Cecilia Castelli Politecnico di Milano cecilia.castelli@polimi.it Cecilia Castelli 1 Introduction The industry of luxury goods is expected to become in 2006 a $170 billion business worldwide (Egon Zhender International, April 2006), and in the recent years sales were growing 6% per year (Kwak and Yoffie, 2001). Despite the adverse economic cycle, luxury goods firms experience increasing demand: this is due in part to the increasing social relevance of owning luxury goods, in part to the strong commitment of the luxury companies in branding and communication (Castaldo and Boni, 1999). But does the success of such companies lay in communication activities only? It would be interesting to understand if – and to what extent- the choices of the appropriate operations and supply chain strategy influence the success in the luxury niche. The topic of Supply Chain Management, due to the major economic trends of the last decade (globalization of markets, outsourcing of activities, demand for growing number of innovative and customized products in small volumes, with high quality and high service level, in an unpredictable way), emerged as a promising research field and was largely studied; however the models that have been proposed don’t seem to describe properly the strategies to adopt in the luxury goods industry. A specific research project is ongoing at Politecnico di Milano, aiming at studying Supply Chain strategies...
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...Supply Chain Management strategies in the luxury industry Cecilia Castelli Politecnico di Milano cecilia.castelli@polimi.it Cecilia Castelli 1 Introduction The industry of luxury goods is expected to become in 2006 a $170 billion business worldwide (Egon Zhender International, April 2006), and in the recent years sales were growing 6% per year (Kwak and Yoffie, 2001). Despite the adverse economic cycle, luxury goods firms experience increasing demand: this is due in part to the increasing social relevance of owning luxury goods, in part to the strong commitment of the luxury companies in branding and communication (Castaldo and Boni, 1999). But does the success of such companies lay in communication activities only? It would be interesting to understand if – and to what extent- the choices of the appropriate operations and supply chain strategy influence the success in the luxury niche. The topic of Supply Chain Management, due to the major economic trends of the last decade (globalization of markets, outsourcing of activities, demand for growing number of innovative and customized products in small volumes, with high quality and high service level, in an unpredictable way), emerged as a promising research field and was largely studied; however the models that have been proposed don’t seem to describe properly the strategies to adopt in the luxury goods industry. A specific research project is ongoing at Politecnico di Milano, aiming at studying Supply Chain strategies...
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...REPORT Improved waste management of textiles Project 9 Environmentally improved recycling David Palm B1976 April 2011 This report approved 2011-04-20 Anna Jarnehammar Department Manager Organization Report Summary Project title IVL Swedish Environmental Research Institute Ltd. Address P.O. Box 5302 SE-400 14 Göteborg Telephone Towards Sustainable Waste Management – Environmentally improved recycling Project sponsor Swedish Environmental Protection Agency +46 (0)31-725 62 00 Author David Palm Title and subtitle of the report Improved waste management of textiles Summary In Sweden, we consume 15kg of textiles per capita and year. Of this roughly 8kg are incinerated and 3kg are reused by charity organisations. The remaining 4kg either accumulates (e.g. in a closet or wardrobe) or are handled through other means of waste management (e.g. recycling centres). This way of waste management is not optimal from an environmental point of view. The textile waste flows are small by weight but large by environmental impact. The production of virgin textiles give rise to about 15 kg of carbon dioxide per kg textile and uses large amount of water; energy and chemicals and poses a risk both for the environment and human health. Policies and measures to reduce the consumption of virgin textile are needed. Hindrances for a more sustainable textile waste management are primarily economical: The environmental cost is not incorporated in the production...
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...Fashion Industry Analysis From the Perspective of Business Model Dynamics Author: Lisa Gockeln University of Twente P.O. Box 217, 7500AE Enschede The Netherlands ABSTRACT The fashion industry is a dynamic and volatile place, continuously exposed to macro-environmental factors that trigger fashion business models to change. The fast fashion model is currently at the forefront of the apparel market casting questions on whether its underlying philosophy is about to change as well. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to identify external drivers that might lead to such dynamic changes in the fast fashion model. Moreover, it will be investigated whether these may allude to a possible convergence to the newly emerged slow fashion model which is currently trying to penetrate the fashion market. The international retailer Zara has served as fast fashion representative for this analysis and has been examined for business model adjustments, which might have been triggered by macroenvironmental factors. It was found that especially social, environmental and technological factors have influenced developments in the fast fashion model and that it has indeed adopted slow fashion principles in some of its building blocks to respond to such emerging trends. The future of the fashion industry appears to be tailored by such externalities, continuously reshaping the fast fashion model to eventually arrive at a version that brings a long-lasting competitive edge. However...
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...express my profound gratitude to all those who have been instrumental in the preparation of this project report. We wish to place on records, our deep gratitude to our project guide Dr. Rajesh Jain, a highly esteemed and distinguished guide, for help and advice. INDIAN TEXTILE INDUSTRY The Textile industry in India traditionally, after agriculture, the only industry that has generated huge employment for both skilled and unskilled labor in textiles. The textile industry continues to be the second largest employment generating sector in India. It offers direct employment to over 35 million in the country. India is the second producer but India will lead in all. According to the Ministry of Textiles, the sector contributes about 14% to industrial production, 4% to the country's gross domestic product (GDP) and 17% to the country's export earnings. The share of textiles in total exports was 11.04% during April–July 2010, as per the Ministry of Textiles. It is estimated that India would increase its textile and apparel share in the world trade to 8% from the current level of 4.5% and reach US$80 billion by 2020. During 2009-2010, Indian textiles industry was pegged at US$55 billion, 64% of which services domestic demand. Contents 1 History 2 Production 3...
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...FACT SHEETS The PRADA Group Industrial activities Raw materials PRADA Group retail distribution channels Licensing agreements and joint ventures PRADA Group figures March 2012 PROFILE OF THE PRADA GROUP Prada was founded in Milan in 1913 by Mario Prada, Miuccia Prada’s grandfather, who opened in the prestigious glass-covered Galleria Vittorio Emanuele II arcade in Milan an exclusive shop selling leather bags, trunks, beauty cases and luxury accessories, soon becoming a favourite port of call for the more elegant and refined members of the European aristocracy and upper classes. In 1919 Prada was appointed Official Supplier to the Italian Royal Household; as such, it was entitled to incorporate the House of Savoy’s coat of arms and knotted rope design into its logo. In the late seventies, Miuccia Prada and Patrizio Bertelli started their collaboration, laying the foundations for the company’s subsequent international development. Patrizio Bertelli is the first in the luxury industry to introduce a new business model, applying uncompromised quality throughout the whole production chain and a constant, careful control over the entire process. Miuccia Prada’s creativity, able to infuse her work with thoughts linked to her day-to-day experiences and observations of the environment in an original innovative way – thus anticipating trends - never transcends the brand’s quality core-value and historic craftsmanship know-how. This skilful balance makes it possible...
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...MANAGEMENT Submitted to, DR. SHAMSHER YMCA BUSINESS SCHOOL PRICING AND DOCUMENTATION INDIAN LEATHER INDUSTRY ACKNWOLEDGEMENT “FOR EVERY OPPORTUNITY MAY GOD BE THANKED” I am very thankful to our teacher Dr. Shamsher for his great assistance of the to make the successful his able accomplishment learnt a lot. I am also thankful to my friends and colleagues for their support and endurance while preparing this project. I would like to thank all the people who have directly or indirectly helped me in completing this project, as and when I required. project. Through guidance and knowledge-based interactions, we have 2 INDIAN LEATHER INDUSTRY AHSAN JAVED PREFACE The project Indian Leather Industry has been carried out with a view point of understanding the role of Leather Industry in the Indian Trade and Indian economy. As per the objective of the project, I have tried to explain, analyze and interpret the role of Leather sector in Indian as well as in international trade. 3 INDIAN LEATHER INDUSTRY TABLE OF CONTENTS CHAPTE R TOPIC Acknowledgement Preface Executive Summary Objectives Of The Study PAGE NO. 02 03 08 10 1. INTRODUCTION TO LEATHER INDUSTRY: An Overview History Of Leather World Scenario Environmental Products Aspects for Leather 11 12 14 17 2. THE INDIAN LEATHER INDUSTRY: Indian Scenario Composition Of Indian Leather Exports Strengths Of Indian Leather Sector 18 20 21...
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