...2/24/2015 Carolina Guerraz John Cabot University E-commerce Industry Analysis Contents Introduction 2 Industry Background 2 PEST Analysis 4 Political 4 Economic 5 Social 6 Technological 7 Michael Porter’s Five Forces Analysis 7 Threat of New Entrants 7 The Power of Suppliers 8 The Power of Buyers 8 Threat of Substitutes 9 Rivalry 9 Conclusion 9 Bibliography 11 Introduction The objective of this paper is to analyze e-commerce industry in Italy and to determine its attractiveness by applying PEST analysis and Michael Porter’s Five-Force Analysis. E-commerce is defined as the sale of products and services through computer networks. As the world changes and technology advances, firms must adapt to new trends so that new competitive advantages can become part of the industry. In e-commerce industries, information and communication technologies (ICT) and merchandise are the suppliers, online retailers are the players, and end-consumers are the buyers. After having described the e-commerce industry background and its trends, both on a global perspective and specifically in Italy, an environmental analysis will be described as a way to determine the industry attractiveness. Industry Background The e-commerce industry is one of the fastest growing industries throughout the world even though differences exist in the stage of development from country to country. According to Euromonitor, global online retail sales have increased 17% from 2007 to 2012. In addition...
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...Financing Demographic Shifts Initiative and the development of this document. In addition, the World Economic Forum would like to thank all active contributors from a broad range of Industry Partners, international organizations, leading academia and policymaking institutions for their ongoing support and guidance. All names of the members of the Advisory Board and Expert Group of this initiative will be included in the final scenarios report (to be published in the second half of 2008). The views expressed in this publication do not necessarily reflect the views of the World Economic Forum. World Economic Forum 91-93 route de la Capite CH-1223 Cologny/Geneva Tel.: +41 (0)22 869 1212 Fax: +41 (0)22 786 2744 E-mail: contact@weforum.org www.weforum.org @ 2008 World Economic Forum All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproducted or transmitted in any form or by any means, including photocopying and recording, or by any information storage and retrieval system. Contents Introduction Executive Summary Demographic Shifts Key Challenges for Pensions and Healthcare in Developed and Less Developed Countries Key Driving Forces Shaping the Future of Pensions and Healthcare Globally Some Key Insights from the Scenarios Workshops Footnotes 2 3 4 6 9 14 16 1 Introduction This report is an interim discussion document of the “Financing Demographic Shifts: Pensions and Healthcare Scenarios to 2030” initiative of the World Economic Forum. The initiative explores the future...
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...Clusters, Innovation, and Competitiveness: New Findings and Implications for Policy Professor Michael E. Porter Institute for Strategy and Competitiveness Harvard Business School Stockholm, Sweden 22 January 2008 This presentation draws on ideas from Professor Porter’s articles and books, in particular, The Competitive Advantage of Nations (The Free Press, 1990), “The Microeconomic Foundations of Economic Development,” (with C Ketels, M Delgado) in The Global Competitiveness Report 2006, (World Economic Forum, 2005), “Clusters and the New Competitive Agenda for Companies and Governments” in On Competition (Harvard Business School Press, 1998), and the Cluster Initiative Greenbook (Ivory Tower, 2004) by C Ketels, O Solvell, and G Lindqvist. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means - electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise - without the permission of the author. Additional information may be found at the website of the Institute for Strategy and Competitiveness, www.isc.hbs.edu The Changing Nature of International Competition • Falling restraints to trade and investment • Globalization of markets • Globalization of value chains • Shift from vertical integration to relying on outside suppliers, partners, and institutions • Increasing knowledge and skill intensity of competition • Nations and regions compete on becoming the most productive locations for business European...
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... What are the implications of the government in entrepreneurship? -‐ A dive into the Swiss and Chinese situation. POPADIC Jovan, Information Systems Lausanne, academic year 2015 1. Introduction Entrepreneurship has been a widely addressed topic in the 20th century and many renowned economists have studied the subject. Schumpeter, who might be the most famous, links entrepreneurship to innovation and emphasizes on the importance of the entrepreneur in the economic development. Like Schumpeter, Clark (1899), Higgins (1959) or Leibenstein (1978) have studied the role of the entrepreneur in the society and see it as someone who identifies business opportunities and creates companies more than somebody taking risks. In 1921, Knight showed that the entrepreneur is effectively endorsing risk because...
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...3 The nature, number and characteristics of SMEs in your country. Small and medium business sectors is extensive. The core business of small companies are trade and catering, agriculture, industry and construction. However, it should be noted that the most common type is the trade and intermediary services (70%). Production activity takes approximately one in ten entrepreneur, about the same provide the public transport, construction and household.The main consumers of products and services for small and medium-sized businesses are the local population, residents of nearby towns and villages. In addition, their products and services are used by private firms and entrepreneurs, government institutions, trade and intermediary organizations. The important role of small and medium-sized businesses is that it provides a significant number of new jobs, saturates the market with new products and services to meet needs of large enterprises, as well as produce special products and services. In the current market conditions in Russia, small and medium businesses is one of the most promising forms of management. However, small and medium-sized businesses do not occupy the place which they enjoyed in developed countries, where the number of such enterprises is over 80% of the total number of enterprises. In this sector of the economy in developed countries, employs two-thirds of employees, manufactures more than half of GDP. Russia falls far short of market economies on these...
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...INTRODUCTION Many economic development advocates have stated that for a country like Ghana to come to reach the development heights of the developed nation, they must empower their citizens to break the bond of poverty, which is engulfing them. As the world is gradually becoming a global village most countries in the world are making unending quest to attain a higher level of development that is a type of development where most of its people are employed and are earning enough to subsist and perpetuate its generation. SME’s have an important role on many aspects, such as employment, taxes and innovation that most of times is regarded as something on the responsibility of large firms. In “The Theory of Economic Development” Schumpeter (1934) emphasizes the role of entrepreneur, as a prime cause of economic development, which is development achieved through innovation. Taking this into consideration if the entrepreneur has an important role for development, then this role is achieved through the “institution” that he/she represents. SME activities that would help to propel development and promote the wellbeing of the citizenry most governments are now playing various facilitation roles in collaboration with NGOs and other stakeholders to enable the private sector provide diverse goods and services, including job creation for the people. Many developing countries have shifted their strategic economic focus to embrace the development of an entrepreneural middle-class with the...
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...MBA LEARN MORE, DO MORE, BECOME MORE 90 exceptional people who will shape the future of business The IMD MBA Class of 2011 Developing your future global leaders The IMD difference Why recruit at IMD? Find truly global experienced leaders able to address your company’s challenges in today’s complex environment 90 talented pre-screened participants Besides strong academic ability, we assess the leadership potential with a focus on real management capacity in a multi-cultural and complex environment. In total we spend at least 10 manhours per candidate to make sure each one is right for the program. The admission process consists of: - an online application with 12 essays - letters of recommendations - a full day assessment center Once accepted, each candidate goes through a full background check conducted by an independent agency. International and experienced In a class of 90, you will find 40+ different nationalities and 90% of the participants will have spent at least 6 months outside their home country. With a minimum of 3 years of work experience, our participants have on average 7 years of experience prior to IMD. Trained to become truly global hand-on leaders Besides strong academic business fundamentals, our intensive one-year program is designed to constantly push our MBAs beyond their comfort zone. A diversity of hands-on projects takes them through various settings: - a 6-week startup project - a 9-week international consulting project with medium to...
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...European Management Journal (2008) 26, 289– 297 journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/emj Service co-production and value co-creation: The case for a service-oriented architecture (SOA) q Andrea Ordanini a,*, Paolo Pasini b a b Bocconi University, Viale Filippetti, 9, 20122 – Milan, Italy SDA Bocconi, School of Management, Via Bocconi, 8, 20136 – Milan, Italy Available online KEYWORDS Service dominant logic; Co-production; Service management Summary An emerging marketing management logic proposes a new perspective on service activities, which previously have been subject to a biased goods-dominant logic. According to this new logic, customers always are co-producers of services and co-creators of value, not simple marketing targets, because they mobilize knowledge and other resources in the service process that affect the success of a value proposition. This article explores this key proposition, analyzing service co-production and value co-creation phenomena in the business-to-business segment and focusing on the case of service-oriented architecture (SOA) with an in-depth, qualitative analysis of two firms pioneering the implementation of SOA solutions. Ó 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. Introduction Marketing literature and practice converge around the idea that, especially when it comes to services, customers play different foundational roles in value-creation mechanisms. Marketing theory recently introduced the concept of the ...
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...SOCIAL INNOVATOR SERIES: WAYS TO DESIGN, DEVELOP AND GROW SOCIAL INNOVATION DANGER AND OPPORTUNITY CRISIS AND THE NEW SOCIAL ECONOMY Robin Murray 2 TITLE ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This essay was written while the author was a Visiting Fellow at NESTA and forms part of a series of publications on methods of social innovation led by the Young Foundation with the support of NESTA. I would like to thank NESTA for their support, and in particular Dr Michael Harris, as well as my colleagues at the Young Foundation, Julie Caulier-Grice and Geoff Mulgan, all of whom have given valuable comments on the text. Published September 2009 CONTENTS 1 CONTENTS 1. The argument 2 5 9 23 39 52 54 55 2. The context of crisis 3. The emerging economic landscape 4. Can the new social economy respond? 5. Social innovation and the crisis of policy Bibliography Weblinks Endnotes 2 DANGER AND OPPORTUNITY CRISIS AND THE NEW SOCIAL ECONOMY 1 THE ARGUMENT The rise of the new social economy This pamphlet argues that the early years of the 21st century are witnessing the emergence of a new kind of economy that has profound implications for the future of public services as well as for the daily life of citizens. This emerging economy can be seen in many fields, including the environment, care, education, welfare, food and energy. It combines some old elements and many new ones. I describe it as a ‘social economy’ because it melds features...
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...AFX 5860 Assignment International Studies in Banking & Finance Visit 1: UN Food and Agricultural Organization [pic] Place: Rome Italy Brief Introduction: The Food and Agriculture Organizaiton of the United Nations (FAO) is a special agency of the United Nations that leads international efforts to defeat hunger. FAO acts as a forum where all nations meet equally to negotiate agreements and debate policy, it also a source of knowledge and information which help developed and developing countries in transition modernize and improve agriculture, forestry and fisheries practices and ensure good nutrition for all (FAO, 2010). Rome Italy is head quarters. It has 191 member states as well as Europe Union and the Faroe Islands, which are associated members (FAO, 2010). FAO is composed of 8 different departments, the meeting is conducted by finance division. Relevant Key Points & Issues The fist half of the presentation briefly introduced the FAO’s role as UN’s agency, its structure, business environment and management. FAO’s mandate is contribute to the growth of world economy and to increase the level of nutrition, with the mission of helping build a food secure world. In order to achieve such mandates, they involves 4 activities which are putting information within reach, sharing policy expertise, providing a meeting place for nations and bringing knowledge to the field. It used result- based management which is an approach that integrates strategy, people,...
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...An article on Merchant Banking in Bangladesh: A Case Study on Prime Finance & Investment Ltd Abstract Prime Finance & Investment Limited has been running its merchant banking operations for about fourteen years. In this short period of time it has gained great momentum and expanding at a fascinating rate. However, the growth can be best evaluated by considering the financial factors as well as its operations. Capital market of Bangladesh is yet to play its potential role as a vehicle for financing long term investment. However, the hangover of an unpalatable historical past which saw a dramatic upsurge in the second half of 1996 only to be followed by a drastic and prolonged downswing has been successfully overcome. Discernible signs of renewed vitality have emerged. A number of actions have been considered by strategists to add depth to the market. Merchant banking, these days has been showing the path to achieve these goals. Although the concept is not too old in this country, its potential of meeting diverse challenges of capital market is high. This report emphasizes on the operations of Merchant Banking Division of Prime Finance & Investment Limited. It is aimed to achieve an overview on the operations of this division and measure how effective and efficient it has been in its working process. Keyword Prime Finance & Investment Limited, Merchant Banking, CDBL, DSE, SEC, TESA Merchant Banking Merchant banking is an emergent sector in the capital...
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...UNIVERSITY OF NAIROBI SCHOOL OF BUSINESS MASTER OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION TERM PAPER TOPIC: ISSUES IN GLOBAL BUSINESS MANAGEMENT DSM 602: By DR. YABS NGETICH MONICAH D61/69197/2013 INTRODUCTION The scope of strategic business issues faced by companies and organizations striving to operate and be successful internationally has widened due to an increasingly broad geographic scope and the increasing complexity of technology. Strategic issues arise not only through the formal, periodic strategic planning processes in companies but also can, and quite often do arise unpredictably due to new insights, unexpected advances in technology or competitive activities in the market place. All companies have their way of identifying and dealing with these being their most critical strategic questions. However, theprocess of managing emerging strategic issues is typically non-structured, not necessarily optimally suited to enable the effective identification of the most critical questions and the appropriate allocation of top management attention and corporate intelligence support to answer the identified strategic questions. Despite the past research during 1960s, 1970s, and 1980s into the domain of strategic issues (SI), strategic issue management (SIM), and strategic issue management systems (SIMS) there is a scarcity applicable approaches for firms to use in improving their attention focus and distribution in strategic issue management processes. The underpinnings of strategic management...
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...ABOUT MAS HOLDINGS Strategic Partnerships Partnering up with renowned brands from across the globe has enabled us to offer fully-integrated world class solutions to our clientele. Our alliances are based on mutual understanding and trust, sharing the same principles in business ethics with our partners, an attribute that has proven to be a strong competitive advantage for MAS over the years. Our joint venture partners include: | MAST Industries, Inc., USA | | Triumph International Overseas Limited, HK | | Speedo International Limited, UK | | Stretchline (UK) Limited, UK | | Ets Lucien Noyon Et Cie, France | | Prym Intimates Group Ltd, HK | | Brandot International Limited, USA | | Labyrinth Solutions Holdings, USA | | Tradecard, Inc., USA | | NSL Infratech (Private) Limited, India | MAS Intimates Offering customers highly differentiated intimate wear, flawless designs blended with exquisite quality, this is where perfection is revealed in every intricate detail. Drawing from 25 years of experience in lingerie manufacturing, MAS Intimates offer niche market intimate wear of unparalleled quality. With 12 world class manufacturing facilities in operation across Sri Lanka, India, Bangladesh & Indonesia, together with design offices situated in New York, Hong Kong, UK and Colombo, we service some of the most renowned global intimate brands. Sharing a long standing strategic partnership with...
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...Complementarities: How Geox has rejuvenated the footwear industry Arnaldo Camuffo, Andrea Furlan, Pietro Romano, and Andrea Vinelli MIT-IPC-05-005 June 2005 Breathing Shoes and Complementarities: How Geox has Rejuvenated the Footwear Industry Arnaldo Camuffo, Andrea Furlan, Pietro Romano and Andrea Vinelli MIT IPC Working Paper IPC-05-005 June 2005 We apply the related notions of complementarities and performance landscapes to study strategic positioning in the footwear industry. We use this theoretical framework to analyze Geox, an Italian footwear manufacturer that, in less than a decade, has grown to be one of the world largest brown shoe manufacturers, outperforming the industry in terms of market and financial results. We describe Geox’s choices within four stages along its value chain: product design, marketing and communication, production and supply chain, distribution and retail. We show that, though grounded on product innovation (the Geox breathes® patented system which allows ventilation in waterproof rubber sole shoes), Geox’s competitive advantage has not grown out of operational excellence in single activities in the business, but, rather, derives from a unique and consistent configuration of complementary activities. Such configuration represents an innovative strategic position and corresponds to a high performance peak in the footwear industry performance landscape. The case study provides anecdotal evidence in support of complementarity-based economic theory...
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...S T R A T E G Y – II S T R A T E G Y – II S T R A T E G Y – II S T R A T E G Y – II S T R A T E G Y – II www.ibscdc.org 1 Transformation Corporate Transformation Korean Air: Chairman/CEO Yang-Ho Cho’s Radical Transformation A series of fatal accidents, coupled with operational inefficiencies snowballed Korean Air into troubled times. Then, at the beginning of the 21st century, its CEO/ Chairman, Yang-Ho Cho undertook various transformation initiatives - for instance, improving service quality and safety standards, technology integration, upgrading pilot training, better business focus; putting in place a professional management team, improving corporate image through sponsorship marketing, etc. He gave a new corporate direction in the form of '10,10,10' goal. However, Korean Air is held up by a slew of challenges. Among which are inefficiencies of - Chaebol system of management, possible clash of its cargo business with its own shipping company, limited focus on the domestic market and growing competition from LCCs. How would Korean Air manage growth as a family-owned conglomerate? The case offers enriching scope for analysing a family business’s turnaround strategies, with all the legacy costs involved. Pedagogical Objectives • To discuss the (operational) dynamics of Korean Chaebols - their influence/ effects on the country’s industrial sector and the economy as a whole • To analyse how family-owned businesses manage the transition phase - from a supplier-driven...
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