...Internal and External Equity Comparison HRM / 324 Recruitment, retention and reduction of staff turnover are some of the key things that many organizations focus on when they begin to put together the “fundamental glue” of the company, the Compensation Plan. Those things in mind, both the internal and external equity considerations, and how they effect an organization should not be dismissed. Compensation packages are arguably the most valuable piece of information to an organization as it begins to draw up a package geared at attracting and retaining suitable employees. A well-constructed compensation package has the ability to ensure that employees are not only attracted to the job in question, but are also willing to stay with the organization for an extended period of time after the job is secured. Proven to be highly beneficial to an organization especially by way of cost effectiveness is the ability to recruit effectively, higher the appropriate candidate, maintain a high retention rate for employees, and increase productivity. In this paper, internal and external equity is explored, including the advantages and disadvantages of both, an explanation of how the plans support an organizations total compensation objective and how they relate to the organization’s financial situation. Internal equity refers to the Employees' perception of their responsibilities, rewards, and work conditions as compared with those of other employees in similar positions...
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...Five Functional Areas Of Human Resource Management Five Functional Areas of Human Resource Management (HRM) HRM has five functional areas that include: Staffing, Human Resource Development (HRD), Compensation and Benefits, Safety and Health, and Employee and Labor Relations. Staffing Achieving organizational objectives requires having the proper number of employees with the appropriate skills. Staffing accomplishes this objective through four tasks. The first task is job analysis, which examines specific job functions in determining the skills, duties and knowledge required for each position. The second task is ensuring that the required numbers of employees, with the appropriate skills, are available when needed organizations engage in Human Resource Planning (HRP). The third task is recruitment, which is the process of attracting enough skilled people to apply for jobs in the organization. Fourth, the last step in the staffing process, is selection. This involves choosing the best suited individuals to fill the open positions in the firm. Human Resource Development (HRD) Six functions, including training, development, career planning, career development, organization development and performance appraisal, make up Human Resource Development (HRD). * Training: is a process designed to provide employees with the knowledge and skills needed for their present job. Focusing on long-term learning needs is development. The ongoing process of career planning sets career goals for...
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...Internal and External Equity Compensation When a company is designing their total compensation plan there are many different factors that need to be taken into consideration. Are they going to go with a compensation plan that focuses on internal equity, external equity or maybe a little bit of both? What kind of benefits are they going to offer? Is the company going to pay for the benefits in full or will the employees be responsible for paying a portion of them? Then there are also the legal aspects that need to be followed to avoid legal ramifications such as the Lilly Ledbetter Fair Pay Act of 2009. Internal Equity Compensation “Internal equity deals with the perceived worth of a job relative to other jobs in the organization” ("Compensation Plans - An Overview - Base Pay", n.d.). “In developing a compensation package based on internal equity requires a corporation to develop and evaluate the compensable factors that will go into setting and individual employee’s pay” (Romanoff, n.d.). When a company chooses to base their compensation plan on internal equity what they do is they look at jobs that perform similar duties, and those jobs will be paid the same wage. For instance, if there are three Executive Assistants in a company then, all three Executive assistants pay will be around the same. Also with internal equity a company wants to retain the talent they currently have, so they are more than likely going to invest more in their employees by offering training...
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...The Advantages of Internal Equity in a Compensation Plan An effective employee compensation system must balance two factors -- worker motivation and labor costs. In designing your company's pay plan, you must consider both external equity and internal equity. External equity refers to comparisons with other competitive pay structures. Internal equity means ensuring fairness in pay for employees working similar jobs. There are some advantages to considering internal equity. Perception of fairness Organizational culture is an important strategic factor to business success. If you want to develop and maintain a culture of fairness, you need to strongly factor in internal equity. If employees look at others in similar jobs and see equal pay, they will likely feel like the organization and its leaders are fair. When employees respect you as fair as a leader, the chances that they listen to your direction and guidance toward their work is greater. Reduced Exposure to Discrimination While the market-based approach may attract the most talented workers, an emphasis on internal equity offers better protection against discrimination lawsuits. Title VII and the Age Discrimination Act are a couple major employment laws that protection workers from discrimination. If you pay different wages to workers in the same role, you run the risk that one is a member of a protected class and sues for wage discrimination. The Lilly Ledbetter Fair Pay Act of 2009 expanded exposure to lawsuits...
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...Riordan Internal and External Equity Equity internal alignment is also called the existing relationship between the payment and the different labor positions, skills, and competence within the organization (Milckovich & Newman. 2008). Internal equity describes the comparison of wages paid to the employee performing at the same level or degree within the Riordan organization. Moreover, the External Equity compares wages in the market competition, Riordan Manufacturing play where to employ and retain similar types of employees. It is based in Riordan's compensation system and pay structures. Riordan manufacturing work towards an equitable payment to the internal and external, which makes it attractive to retain and keep good employees. The implementation of structural job, payments system, analysis, and business structures, which help to identify and define the labor content describing the duties and internal assignations to endorse equal compensation (Martocchio, 2009). Additionally, external equality elements to identify market competition include, marketing surveys, researching new and current competitors marketplaces will help to maintain the company update in pay, and trends. Implementing internal and external equity Riordan will continue to be a successful organization. A wage management process and rationale The purpose behind Riordan program wages, is to get consistency in payment practices, supplemented by laws and regulations, especially with the commitment...
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...Internal and External Equity Comparison Total compensation means to reward employees for their labor. Compensation packages in today’s market can range from low to high depending on the company’s goal. Compensation packages have the ability to attract a certain type of candidate to apply for a specific position within an organization by the way they are designed. With the economy constantly changing and somewhat unstable, it is important for a company to offer a compensation package geared towards not only the employee but as well as the economic changes. Two types of equities plan an organization can use are, internal and external equity. Total Compensation Internal Equity Internal equity exists when employees in an organization perceive that they are being rewarded fairly according to the relative value of their jobs within an organization (hrcouncil.ca). Internal equity is a good way to ensure that employees receive fair wages and cannot file lawsuits against the employer. Although two employees functioning at the same level in the organization, it is possible for them to draw different pay. J.P. Morgan, an American Capitalist, is said to have a rule regarding investing into a company. Mr. Morgan stated that he would not invest in a company that pays the CEO over 50% more than the next level executives (Compensations Standards 2015). The corrective approach is addressing the "internal pay equity check" as did the companies like DuPont and Intel when they...
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...Internal and External Equity Comparison Edgar Martinez HRM/324 September 10, 2012 Annette Clark Davis Internal and External Equity Comparison In today’s competitive globalized economy, an organization’s approach to equity and its perception of equity can affect an organization’s ability to captivate, retain, and motivate its employees. Therefore, external as well as internal equity play an important role in an organization’s design of its compensation structure. In this essay, it shall examine the total compensation plans for the Home Depot Corporation and IBM Global Services, focusing on internal as well as external equity. Additionally, it shall also review the various advantages as well as disadvantages of internal and external equity for both organizations. Finally, it will provide an explanation to how each plan supports each organization total compensation objectives as well as the relationship of the organization’s financial situation to its plan (University of Phoenix, 2009). Internal and external equity An Organization that notably uses internal equity to form its pay structure is the Home Depot. The Home Depot’s internal equity exist because of its pays wages and hiring processes designed to fit each store budget, instead of hiring people with the skills to do the job at a market rate pay. The Home Depot’s decentralized stores use an elitist compensation system with different compensation plans by organization level and incentives offered only to...
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...Organizational Objectives and Total Compensation in Different Markets Lynette Gill HRM/324 December 10, 2012 Jocelyn Freimark Organizational Objectives and Total Compensation in Different Markets One of the fastest growing fields in Human Resources is compensation. The main motivator for employees is compensation; potential employees are searching for jobs that fit their area of specialty. A company’s human resources team is constantly looking for ways to compensate employees for job performance. When analyzing organizational objectives and total compensation packages in the various markets, it is important for small companies to know the differences in wages and salaries. Wages are paid to hourly employees based on the number of hours worked in a week while salaries are paid to exempt employees, executives, and those defined by the Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938. Deciding an employee’s level of monetary compensation depends on various factors. The wage should be high enough to attract qualified potential employees; the wage should in competitive with similar jobs performed in similar companies. Other considerations include: * The number of other employees capable of fulfilling the job responsibilities * The demand within the community and/or industry * Cost of living There are laws which have an impact on compensation that small companies should be aware of. The Fair Labor Standards Act (FLSA) has been amended over the years and now includes five major...
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...Infosmart-Cyber Merchants, Fidelity Bank of Nassau, Royal Bank of Canada, and AT&T. One of the issues presented in the scenario is that LEI was preparing to conduct a joint venture with Shang-wa when Transnational Electronics made an offer to acquire Shang-wa. The main issue is that if Shang-wa is acquired by TEC, the joint venture between Shang-wa and LEI will not be possible. LEI intends to remain as the company of choice but this might not be possible if TEC acquires Shang-wa. Some of the concepts that Team A will evaluate considering the LEI scenario issues are: capital management strategies to maximize shareholder wealth, economic exposure, the challenges of cross-border growth strategies, working capital management, and internal and external growth strategies, and cultural barriers, while identify the best financing alternative for the merger. Companies Benchmarked Alcatel-Lucent – Yolanda Smothers Alcatel-Lucent provides telecommunications solutions globally to service providers, enterprises and governments around the world. They enable clients to deliver voice, data and video services. Alcatel-Lucent focuses mainly on fixed, mobile, and converged broadband networking hardware, IP technologies, software, and services. The two companies Alcatel and Lucent Technologies completed their merger and there new...
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...Goes a Long Way: Notes on Petrella v. Metro,Goldwyn,Mayer, Inc. Samuel L. Bray* I. II. III. VI. V. INTRODUCTION ...................................................................... 1! LACHES IS AND SHOULD BE AN EQUITABLE DEFENSE ............ 2! LACHES IN AN AGE OF STATUTES OF LIMITATION ................... 8! A MIDDLE COURSE IN PETRELLA ......................................... 17! CONCLUSION ....................................................................... 18! I. INTRODUCTION The famous Martin Scorsese movie Raging Bull and an ancient doctrine of equity will make a joint appearance later this month at the U.S. Supreme Court. On January 21, 2014, the Court will hear arguments in Petrella v. Metro:Goldwyn:Mayer, Inc.1 The case involves copyright infringement claims about the movie, and about the extent to which those claims are barred by the doctrine of laches. Laches is a defense that was developed by courts of equity, and it is typically raised in cases where a plaintiff has delayed her suit without good reason. Petrella raises two big questions about how laches fits into contemporary American law. One is whether it applies to all claims or only to equitable ones.2 The other is how it is affected by a federal statute of limitations. Is laches displaced, on the theory that Congress has spoken by enacting the statute of limitations, so that it would violate the separation of powers for a court to substitute its own equitable doctrines? Or does laches remain and coexist with...
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...Evidence from Canadian and U.S. Firms Kelly E. Carter SYNOPSIS: I examine Sarbanes-Oxley’s (SOX) effect on capital structure. I find that SOX is associated with higher long-term debt ratios, as firms listed in the U.S. raise their long-term debt ratios by 2 to 3 percentage points. This finding is consistent with the idea that, although the reduction in information asymmetry associated with SOX could prompt managers to increase equity financing, debt is still safer and less costly than equity in the SOX era. Further analysis shows that the increase in debt occurs in the two quarters prior to SOX, suggesting that firms anticipate a higher cost of debt after SOX and acquire debt while it is relatively cheap. Also, firms that heavily (lightly) manage earnings prior to SOX use less (more) debt after SOX. This result is consistent with the view that firms that aggressively manage earnings before SOX reveal intrinsically weaker earnings after SOX, casting doubt on those firms’ ability to repay debt and relegating those firms to issue equity for financing purposes. Keywords: capital structure; earnings management; debt ratio; Sarbanes-Oxley. JEL Classifications: G32; G38. Data Availability: Data available upon request. Kelly E. Carter is an Assistant Professor at Morgan State University. I particularly thank Terry Shevlin (co-editor) and an anonymous referee for their detailed, excellent comments, which greatly improved this paper. I also thank Alexander Butler, Laura...
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...Return on Equity (ROE) and Internal Rate of Return (IRR) are two very important tools which can be used in decision making in expanding and investing in overseas projects. Return on Equity (ROE) tells how much profit company is generating with shareholder's money. ROE is calculated as: ROE = Net Income/Shareholder's equity This net income is income after paying tax and preferred stock dividend but before paying common stock dividend.ROE measures profit generating efficiency of the company. (McClure, 2010) Higher the ROE, better the investment opportunity company is offering. Advantage of using ROE for investment decision is, it is easy to calculate and it tells how much profit company is generating for share holders. Ultimate goal of a company is to create value for shareholders. Thus, ROE is the right measure to find out if company is efficient in generating profit on its equity (and asset) or not. However, ROE is not the absolute indicator of investment value. If value of shareholder's equity falls, ROE will go up. Similarly, if company is taking large write-down, ROE will fall sharply. Share buyback also lowers ROE while there is no change in company's operation. (McClure, 2010) Internal Rate of Return (IRR) is an indicator of yield of an investment.IRR is widely used method in capital budgeting decisions. IRR is the discount rate where total present value of all cash inflows is equal to total present value of all cash outflows. i.e. IRR is the discount rate at which...
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...Contract Formation Author: Jason Dorman Business Law Professor Riggs 11-24-2013 A contract must have certain elements to be considered a contract. However, there are also elements that exist that will negate a contract as well. Fraud, undue influence and duress are all elements that will negate a contract. When a contract is breached or negated one party can collect damages or seek equitable remedies. The common law doctrine of election of remedies prevents individuals from taking advantage of the system. These elements are what an individual would not want to deal in any business situation. There are also elements in place to prevent a party from double recovery and this is called the common law doctrine of election of remedies. What we can learn from contracts is that neither side will deceive the other. What is fraud and how does it affect a contract? Fraud is an intentional act by one party to deceive another. “Fraud prevents a mutual agreement to a contract because one party intentionally deceives another as to the nature and the consequences of a contract.” [legal-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com] When each party involved in the contract states their terms. The terms must be factual and any misrepresentation of the truth can void the contract. However, there are situations where an individual’s intentions are to get over on the other party. This is why it is important to read the contract before signing it. What is undue influence? “Undue...
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...QUESTION “There must be somebody in whose favour the court can decree performance” Discuss the principle enunciated in the above statement and the exceptions thereof with the aid of appropriate case law “There must be somebody in whose favour the court can decree performance” INTRODUCTION In order for a trust to be valid, there needs to be an identifiable beneficiary who can either be an individual or a company . If for instance there is no beneficiary, and consequently the trust is for the achievement of some abstract purpose then the trust is to be considered as void. In the words of Lord Grant MR in the case of Morice v. Bishop of Durham : “There can be no trust, over the exercise of which this court will not assume control... if there can be clear, but for uncertain objects, the property… is indisposed of… Every… [Non-charitable] trust must have a definite object. There must be somebody in whose favour the court can decree performance. The rationale of the principle is to ensure the courts ability to administer the trust. Moreover in the case of Re Endacott it was said, in relation to the beneficiary principle, that ‘no principle has greater sanction and authority’ in the law of trust other that requiring the existence of a beneficiary. It is essential for validity. For instance in the case of Re Astor , a trust for the establishment , maintenance and improvement of good understanding, sympathy, and co-operation between nations was...
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...Mitigation of Damages: In most situations, when a breach of contract occurs, the non-breaching party has a duty to take whatever action is reasonable to minimize the damages caused by the breach. For example, in most instances, people who are fired by their employer, regardless of the reason, have a duty to find a new job. Likewise, a thwarted house buyer has a duty to take reasonable steps to locate another house. Liquidated Damages: Many contracts contain provisions specifying a sum certain of money to be paid by the breaching party in the event that he fails to perform as required by the contract. Generally speaking, the liquidated damages are based on a reasonable estimate of the value of the promised performance. Penalties: By contrast, a penalty provision specifies a sum certain of money, bearing no reasonable relationship to the value of performance, to be paid by the breaching party in the event of default or breach. Penalty provisions are rarely enforceable. EQUITABLE REMEDIES In addition to the various types of money damages, there are several equitable (i.e., non-damage) remedies available. Rescission: Canceling a contract and returning the parties to their pre-contract position. Restitution: Returning goods, property, or money previously transferred in order to restore the non-breaching party to his pre-contract position. Specific Performance: Requiring the breaching party to perform exactly as called for in the contract...
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