...that using a middleman would be a wise choice to help with the negotiations. Etiquette and social customs must be studied, understood and followed when wanting to have a successful outcome of any business meeting between multicultural individuals. Before even staring negotiations one must understand the Chinese culture and how they function and think as a people. Two thirds of Chinese live in rural areas and are raised with a strong respect to harmony, social obedience and hierarchy within families and business. Their belief of the yin and yang, meaning the passive and active seeks to encourage compromise by allowing both sides to maintain their stand point yet still coming to an end result. This is why proper negotiations are so important. Another important fact to understand is that the Chinese language is a sequence of images and not words like we are custom to in the United States, therefore they think in a more holistic way and put a lot of concentration on the bigger picture. Because of years of conflict between nations and inter cultural issues they are stand offish with strangers especially westerners. Because of their strict hierarchy it is important to understand their social status and never send a lover level executive to a business meeting in which he or she will be outranked. They demand respect and are willing to give in return but only when the playing field is equal. Certain negotiation elements important to the Chinese...
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...China, Japan, and South Korea. It was recommended that my company use an approach to business negotiations that provides a win-win for both parties. Management was also told they needed to know the background of the Asian negotiator and that they should use a “middleman” to help them with the negotiation. Because of your work in China, the vendor would like your advice in this business dealing. The intermediary stressed the importance of etiquette and social customs in addition to the win-win model. The first thing we need to to do is research the company and their culture etiquettes. Then I will need to find the right person to conduct the negotiation and train others members involve information that they will need to know when doing business with this company as to the do’s and don’ts and how to have a win-win business negotiation. Then we should send the company our business information with the person that will be conducting the negotiation rank within our company. This will establish a first step business approach before doing business with one another. When doing business with China, Japan and South Korea the U.S. vendor must know the social customs as well as each country etiquette for this will play an important role on business negotiation. One should present there company information to each individual that it is seeking business before scheduling a meeting. When looking to do business with one of these countries it is best to know how each conduct negotiation and the...
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...Inferential Psychology: Hypothesis testing and the search for truth Asking questions of nature has been a part of science from the beginning. In psychology we generally move towards a model of natural science that makes use of inferential hypothesis testing as a central tenet or dogma. As indicated earlier, with respect to sampling from populations, we use a collection of probability distributions and inferential statistics to help us in making decisions about our hypotheses. Essentially statistics are a tool that we use in making decisions. Sometimes we use these tools thoughtfully, considering their strengths and weaknesses, sometimes we use them blindly allowing them to dominate our thoughts and remove our interpretations from the role they must play. Remember that there are numerous assumptions behind the use of statistics in guiding our decision-making, they do not make science and truth for us. Looking back to the Rebirth of Positivism: Psychology and The Golden Age of Behaviorism Edward Chace Tolman (1886-1959): Purposive behaviorism Influenced by neo-realism and gestalt psychology Purpose and hunger could be objectively observed Operational behaviorism examines the functional relationships between independent and dependent variables Intervening variables: Theoretical constructs representing hypothetical processes) which enable the prediction of dependent variables. Theoretically they are the link between stimulus and response, sometimes...
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...six billion mark. By the year 2080, the world population estimated around 10,000,000,000 people around the world. Latest official estimates of the current global population by mid-2011, estimated at 6,928,198,253 people around the world (Rosenberg, World Population - The Current World Population, 2011). From the 7 billion populations in the world, they certainly have a different background, such as country, language, race, culture, religion, customs etc. People as a human being cannot live alone without others people. They must communicate with each other. Language is the way of communication. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to show to the people how to communicate with each other in different background especially in Global Business Communication. The expectation is the readers will learn how to using and understand the way people communicate, base on every aspect of their background. Business definition itself is a commercial activity engaged in as a means of livelihood or profit, or an entity which engages in such activities (WebFinance, 2012). In this paper, there will be the research and analyzing personal behavior and attitudes in a country and the relationship with others country. The countries that will be research and analyze are: Indonesia-Malaysia, Indonesia-China, Indonesia Singapore. Chapter II: Research The research divided into three groups: Indonesia-Malaysia, Indonesia-China, Indonesia-Singapore. Because those countries located in the same area that...
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...INTERNATIONAL HRM The emphasis throughout this book has been on HRM as it is practice in organizations in the United States. But many of these firms also engage in international trade. A large percentage carry on their international business with only limited facilities and representation in foreign countries. Others, particularly Fortune 500 corporations, have extensive facilities, and personnel in various countries of the world. Managing these resources effectively, and integrating their activities to achieve global advantage, is a challenge to the leadership of these companies. We are quickly moving toward a global economy. While estimates vary widely, approximately 70 to 85 percent of the U.S. economy today is affected by international competition. Recent popular books have suggested that many U.S. companies need to reassess their approach to doing business overseas, particularly in the area of managing human resources. To a large degree, the challenge of managing across borders boils down to the philosophies and systems we use for managing people. In this chapter we will observe that much of what is discussed throughout this text can be applied to foreign operations, provided one is sensitive to the requirements of a particular international setting. The first part of this chapter presents a brief introduction to international business firms. In many important respects, the way a company organizes its international operations influences the type of managerial...
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...concerns of other nation that back then were opted to be resolved on their own are now an issue with other countries as well and all unite to propel themselves to a solution. Globalization is often used for its financial connotations. The influence it has however is not contained solely to the economy. Other international aspects such as social relations, political discourse and psychological manifestations are also a part of globalization. We have constantly heard the globalization pros and cons and the debate of these globalization pros and cons continue up until now. Here is a bit of a crash course of the pros and the cons of globalization. Pros of globalization are that more accessible market for anyone all over the world regardless of color, race, and social class. “Steady supply of cash to developing countries and even the well established ones. There is an increase in the production capabilities of companies and because of this they now have more freedom to customize their services and products fitted to the needs of the consumers. Political merging will be frequent and a more peaceful and orderly world order will be set”(Weidenbaum, 2005). Information and communication will be strengthened not just between two countries but also from all countries around the...
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...clear that I look beyond my borders. I am interested in marketing, economics and business. A degree in International Business and Management will prepare me for a managerial role within a global organization. The degree will be a tool by which I will acquire a wide knowledge of international marketing, management, finance and trade. I will develop the professional skills that will be relevant, such as planning, intercultural teamwork, business communication and leadership. I am open-minded when relating with other cultures. I am independent and principled. I am self motivated and adventurous. I am fascinated by international businesses, their organization, their mode of entry into foreign countries, their adaptation and growth in culturally diverse environments and how they can improve. International Business Management In addition to this, global organizational concepts have witnessed rapid growth so as to be effective and efficient in all possible ways. New technology which involves automation and networking information, have influence on business behavior enabling it to have significant transformation. Creative thinking, adaptability and application of new technology are now the threads that run through the management of any business. For a business to not only be globally competitive but also to stay in the lead, it needs to apply and maximize effective and efficient technology within its business framework and management. The Bigger Picture I have studied nanotechnology...
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...this assignment is to grasp a comprehensive understanding of the critical aspects of British Petroleum’s internationalization process, the implications it holds for the international business environment and achieving their internationalization objectives through contemporary context. Overview of organisation When discussing globalization it is critical to emphasis the importance a multinational corporation holds over the international business environment. A Multinational corporation (MNC) is an organisation that has registered facilities and assets in business endeavors in more than one country. MNC’s are highlighted for their success in incorporating products, ideas and cultures from more than one country in order to achieve a common goal. With reference to the definition of a MNC, British Petroleum (BP) is undoubtedly a MNC as it undergoes its business ventures throughout the entire world and in countries such as China, Australia, Canada and Mexico. A key aspect of MNC’s is to multi nationalize every aspect of your organisation when aiming to expand internationally, BP are successful in ensuring that every branch of BP around the world has the common sustainable goals. BP has a direct correlation in Foreign Direct Investment (FDI). A FDI is when an organisation finances into production or business ventures in an external country to the one they are operating in. There are many forms of FDI, however, BP are directly investing through expanding their own operations...
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...Portland State University School of Business Administration MGMT 446 – INTERNATIONAL MANAGEMENT Fall, 2011 Dr. Sully Taylor Office hours: 3-5 Tuesdays and by appointment. SBA 560C; email: sullyt@sba.pdx.edu Phone: 503 -725-3761 COURSE CATALOGUE DESCRIPTION AND PREREQUISITES: Study of the managerial functions and problems related to international business activity. The focus of this course is on the management of foreign trade, direct investments, and international operations. In addition, the political, economic, and cultural environments of international business are examined from the perspective of management. Comparative management is also treated through the study of other management systems. Prerequisite: BA 302. COURSE LEARNING OBJECTIVES: 1. To familiarize you with the major management issues organizations face when conducting business in the international arena. 2. To familiarize you with the major concepts concerning adapting management approaches to other institutional, economic and cultural environments. 3. To engage in research and learning that deepens your knowledge and understanding of other economies in the world and how to do business there. 4. To develop your ability to understand, analyze, and anticipate how international events may affect US based business organizations. REQUIRED TEXTS AND MATERIALS: International Management: Managing Across Borders and Cultures. 7th edition. Helen Deresky. Prentice Hall. Companion...
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...Article 2: Communication in international business- to- business marketing channels Does culture matter? This article deals with the question if and how cultural variations influence channel communication . Finding show that there is a relationship between culture and channel communications in international channels. The autor , Bert Rosenbloom, described Hall’s (1976) proposed high-contex versus low- contex dichotomy to explain the different cultural orientations. It is a simple two category basis for grouping the cultures of many different countries to help understand the hidden codes in communication, stemming from „cultural distance“. The expressions "high context" and "low context" are labels which shows the cultural differences between societies. High-context and low-context communication refers to how much speakers rely on things other than words to convey meaning. First, Hofstede's cultural model and the model approaches Hall presented, where the main cultural differences are described. The cultural model of Hofstede with its five dimensions and the corresponding index values provides information about cultural differences and their possible impact in intercultural cooperation. The five dimensions in Hofstede's cultural model, "power distance", "collectivism versus individualism," "femininity versus masculinity," "uncertainty avoidance" and "long-term versus short-term orientation". Together, the five dimensions of a cultural model in which differences can be measured...
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...firms to local markets. 1989, came the idea of the transnational firm is described as a less bureaucratic firm that has differentiated subsidiary roles and control is mostly based on organizational culture and administrative heritage. It continues to examine the global multibusiness firm (GMBF), a more appropriate model, incorporates insights of earlier model but also identifies evolving business technologies and managerial management which have changed the strategic face of global business. Strategic assembly involves constructing firms in a forward looking manner with the aim of gaining and maintaining competitive advantage. There are three stages of international firms, multinationals, transnational and global multibussiness. And finally, the article talks about, more recent concept of transnational firms which has shifted focus of global strategy away from tension between local market and scale based economies. International companies of today are embedded in a turbulent environment which is direction and pace.GMBF construct proposes which are changing the international business environment. It identifies the resources needed so as to gain competitive advantage and also the strategic purpose of the resources. A case study of Renault group and Renault Turkey identifies the nature of relationship and dynamic character of global assembly. NAME: IRUNGU MARY...
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...Words Sitting alone on a West Midlands train, I buried my face in my hands wondering what on earth I should do. “I can’t do this,” I told myself. I’d just spent the day calling international schools in Europe trying to sell them an education package for a friend’s business. I think telesales is one of the most soul sucking activities in the entire business world! “I can’t make money for other people for the rest of my life,” I said. “I won’t.” It was the summer of 2005, and it was my seventh day back on British soil after serving an 18-month mission for the LDS church in the US. I graduated with a degree in international business management before my mission, but now the prospect of pushing paper for a career, like all the other business minions, was not appealing. Like the sunny countryside whizzing by, my own train of though was working its way through hills and valleys of possibility. By the time I stepped of that train in my hometown, I had decided to go back to school and leave the country. Speech-language pathology was my ticket out of town. Five months later I had a confirmation of my choice. Without ever asking for it, I received a brochure in the mail from a college in Boston about my chosen program. As I pored over the booklet, one sentence, one word reverberated from the page: “Emerson college desires compassionate students.” Compassion. One word, seven sounds, was reason enough for me to pack up my life, sell everything that didn’t fit in my black...
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...Management COURSE OUTLINE ATW 395/3 – International Business Lecturer: Dr.Shankar Chelliah (DBA) Day/Time/Venue: Monday/9.00-10.50am/DK S email: shankarchelliah1@gmail.com Tel: 04 653 3426/012-4618731 Office: Level 2, Room 216, School of Management COURSE SYNOPSIS The course aims to introduce the core knowledge of international business as a core subject in the bachelor program. The students will be exposed to globalization, international business theories, government intervention in international business, emerging market, foreign market entry strategies and the existence of regional economic integration that affect international business. COURSE OBJECTIVES The objectives of the course are: 1. To enable students to understand the impact of globalisation and the key issues facing international businesses 2. To explain the environment in international business such as politics and law, emerging market and the regional economic integration 3. To make students appreciate the existence and use of fundamental international business theories and its evolution 4. To enable students to understand the various entry modes available to capture international market LEARNING OUTCOMES At the end of the course, students will be able to: 1. Acquire the pre-requisite knowledge of venturing a business at international level and describe the key concepts that driving globalization 2. Comprehend the environment of international business where the firm operates, and the challenges...
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...ENTRY USED BY INTERNATIONAL FIRMS TO ENTER INTO NEW MARKETS. TERMPAPER SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULLFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS OF THE COURSE GLOBAL STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT, DEPARTMENT OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION, AND UNIVERSITY OF NAIROBI. DATE17TH MARCH 2012 Modes of entry used by international firms to enter into new markets. Introduction A mode of entry into an international market is the channel which an organization employs to gain entry to a new international market. International firms use several entry modes to expand their businesses globally, and to enter into new markets, there are some basic decisions that the firm must takes before foreign expansion like: first they determine which markets to enter, when to enter those markets, and on what scale. The decision on which foreign markets to enteris based on the nation’s long run profit potential.-The international firm looks in detail at economic and political factors which influence foreign markets.-Long run benefits of doing business in a country depends on following factors:- Size of market (in terms of demographics)- The present wealth of consumer markets (purchasing power)- Nature of competition. By considering such factors firm can rank countries in terms of their attractiveness andlong-run profit. The time of entry is an important factor to be considered. Entry is early when an international business enters a foreign market before other foreign firms and late when it enters after other international businesses. The...
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...Syllabus International Business 1 (IB-1) 2012-2013 1-IBMS 1. INTRODUCTION This International Business (IB-1) course is designed to provide students with a basic understanding of the international business environment. In order to be successful, IBMS Students need to familiarize themselves with the basic concepts and definitions of today’s competitive business world. Students must become aware of the major actors and forces that help shape the international business context. The course covers a variety of topics, which include the theoretical foundations of global trade and investment, the political environment, foreign direct investment and market entry, international business strategy and operations. The course is structured around lectures and workshops. Students are expected to attend all lectures and workshops. In the lectures, students will learn about the field of international business. In the workshops, students are expected to present and discuss international business cases. These business cases provide helpful examples and insights towards an understanding of the International Business theory taught in lecture classes. Students are encouraged to contribute to meaningful discussions, develop the ability to defend their position and apply knowledge to “real life” situations based on the cases presented in class. Attendance IB-1 is not a spectator sport. Attendance and contribution accounts for 10%...
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