...members conducted “business” within the organization in their own distinct fashion. To become a member before the 1970s, about the only place one could find a membership application was the “printed application on the book jacket of a Sierra Club book, requiring you to cut up the jacket and find two club members to recommend you for membership” (xxii). Fundraising was segmented within the organization, as there existed three separate, decentralized fund-raising staffs that failed to share information or donors amongst each other. Underneath these logistical complications existed a management unwilling to demonstrate firm control of the organization in the fear of preventing the existence of innovation and progress. It was this situation that Denny Shaffer of North Carolina entered into when he became a member of the Sierra Club in 1969. At his first National Sierra Club meeting, Shaffer was bewildered at the state of the organization, stating: “The first meeting I came to out here was, without a doubt, one of the most--I want to say I was shocked, maybe that's too strong a word. I was sure amazed that this powerful organization which was viewed as being so wise and old and right in its thinking and effective, in some levels was just really quite primitive” (30). Upon observing the general state of affairs within the organization, Shaffer went about with initial plans aimed at restructuring and strengthening two primary areas of the organization: (1) membership development and (2)...
Words: 3292 - Pages: 14
...Organization and Objectives The Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC), hereinafter referred to as “the Organization”, created as a permanent intergovernmental organization in conformity with the Resolutions of the Conference of the Representatives of the Governments of Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia and Venezuela, held in Baghdad from September 10 to 14, 1960, shall carry out its functions in accordance with the provisions set forth hereunder. A. The principal aim of the Organization shall be the coordination and unification of the petroleum policies of Member Countries and the determination of the best means for safeguarding their interests, individually and collectively. B. The Organization shall devise ways and means of ensuring the stabilization of prices in international oil markets with a view to eliminating harmful and unnecessary fluctuations. C. Due regard shall be given at all times to the interests of the producing nations and to the necessity of securing a steady income to the producing countries; an efficient, economic and regular supply of petroleum to consuming nations; and a fair return on their capital to those investing in the petroleum industry. English shall be the official language of the Organization. Membership A. Founder Members of the Organization are those countries which were represented at the First Conference, held in Baghdad, and which signed the original agreement of the establishment...
Words: 744 - Pages: 3
...Michael Willar Professor Walton International Relations 04-14-2013 “Major war will not occur in the future because the international community has created a set of international institutions that make it impossible.“ Many people believe that a major war will not happen again because international institutions would prevent it. I tend to agree with that notion because I believe that many things have changed since the last great power war in the 20th century. The League of Nations was the primary international institution after World War I. The United States however was not a member and the League of Nations, often failing to resolve conflicts in a diplomatic manner. Post World War II, many other international institutions were created which had the objective to manage the world economy and prevent another major war. These institutions included the International Monetary Fund (IMF), the World Bank, the European Union, North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), and the World Trade Organization (WTO). The league of nations turned into the United Nations (UN), which today has a total of 193 member states. The UN suggests that every country has a desire to solve conflicts diplomatically first and not start a war immediately. In case a country has a conflict with another country , both can state their cases and opinions in front of the United Nations. The United Nations then tries to mediate between those countries and solve the conflict diplomatically without any military...
Words: 2006 - Pages: 9
...levels of performance (motivated, effective and efficient workers) and competing in the global marketplace. We begin this case by exploring the changing nature of the workplace; We then explore what is meant by diversity and consider the business case for promoting and managing diversity within contemporary organizations. Learning objectives: Evaluate diversity and multiculturalism as a source of sustainable competitive advantage and identify the benefits of diversity for organizations. Case problem: What is meant by diversity and should organizations seek to be diverse? Company Aramark http://www.aramark.com/ Food ‐ Major Diversified ARAMARK is a leader in professional services, providing award‐winning food services, facilities management, and uniform and career apparel to health care institutions, universities and school districts, stadiums and arenas, and businesses around the world. In FORTUNE magazine's 2009 list of "World's Most Admired Companies," ARAMARK was ranked number one in its industry. ARAMARK seeks to address issues responsibly that matter to its clients, customers, employees and communities by focusing on employee advocacy, environmental stewardship, health and wellness, and community involvement. Headquartered in Philadelphia, ARAMARK has approximately 260,000 employees serving clients in 22 countries. ARAMARK partners with clients around the world, providing a broad range of customized services, catering to both cultural preferences and needs...
Words: 1656 - Pages: 7
...International Law Name: UDAYA.R.S Enrolment Number: MBA1/JUN15N/71101434345916F Roll Number: N15NOV/7110 Question 1. Explain the different international organizations Answer: 1. Introduction This section reviews the complete range of international organizations. The conventional categories used are first examined, then various ways of distinguishing between the many kinds of organization and degrees of "internationality" are considered. The problem of borderline cases is discussed, together with non-organizational substitutes for organizations and possible alternative forms of organization. Quantitative information on the growth of international institutions and indicative data on regional organizations are also presented. A major difficulty in obtaining some understanding of international organizations is the variety of organizational forms which need to be considered. Abstract classification schemes, particularly when simplified for convenience, tend to conceal the existence of well-developed groups of organizations with distinct features. The approach employed here has been to use several different ways of breaking up the range of organizations and to cite several examples of organizations of any particular type. The intent is not to put forward a new systematic classification of international organizations but rather to facilitate an appreciation of the variety of bodies which could be incorporated into any...
Words: 16790 - Pages: 68
...International And Regional Organizations: | Pakistan’s Role In Organizations | | In this paper I have discussed the International and Regional Organizations. Moreover, I have discussed Pakistan’s Role in different Organizations i.e. South Asian Association For Regional Corporation, United Nations, Economic Co=operation Organization, Non Aligned Movement and Organization Of Islamic Conference. | | | | | Name: Class: Subject: Subj Code: Submitted To: Submission Date: International And Regional Organizations: Introduction: An international organization is an organization with an international membership, scope, or presence. There are two types: International nongovernmental organizations (NGOs): non-governmental organizations (NGOs) that operate internationally. These include International non-profit organizations. Examples include the World Organization of the Scout Movement, International Committee of the Red Cross International corporations, referred to as multinational corporations. Intergovernmental organizations, also known as international governmental organizations (IGOs): the type of organization most closely associated with the term 'international organization', these are organizations that are made up primarily of sovereign states. Example includes the United Nations (UN). Recognized Regional Organizations (ROs) are independent bodies which share IFAC's mission and values and which, in many cases, share IFAC's membership. ROs play...
Words: 6075 - Pages: 25
...report is the analysing the Baker & McKenzie law firm which was founded in Chicago in 1949 by Russell Baker and John McKenzie. It is the largest global organization with a large number of lawyers and legal professionals working in 70 offices across 38 countries. The report then analyses the internal environment of the firm which describes different factors of organizational structure, culture and leadership. After the analysis of internal factors the report then analyses the proposed development framework where the diversity of the organization, the selection criteria of the employees and the implementing the framework according to the company strategy is discussed. Finally the recommendations for future success of the firm are provided in the report. Global External Environment Political Environment In the legal industry different employment law, policies and regulation are practiced across different countries. In some of the countries the legal professional standards are self-regulated where the qualification and the requirements are defined as per the set standards. There may be some international trade and restrictions within the countries which restrict the foreign lawyers practicing in the countries. The organizations like WTO (World Trade Organization) are formed and designed to regulate the international trade between the countries which also include the legal services. {draw:frame} Social Environment The social factors which affect...
Words: 2252 - Pages: 10
...English 1311 Date: September 30, 2011 RE: Toms Shoes Organization Toms Shoes Organization Five years and counting Toms shoes organization has been in movement. In 2006 Blake Mycoskie took the liberty to visit Argentina. In his astonishing visit he noticed that everyone was walking barefoot, especially children, this most definitely concerned Mycoskie. When he returned to the United States he was eager to start an organization that could get these children protection on their feet, soon after Blake Mycoskie came up with the brilliant idea of “TOMS”, shoes for a better tomorrow. The sole purpose of this organization is to improve the lives of children in need, when a customer purchases a pair of Toms another pair is donated to a child in need in countries around the world. Toms is a global organization almost worldwide grasping the attention of children, adults, elderly, and different types of ethnicities to help donate to those in need simply by purchasing a pair of shoes. Unlike most organizations this particular organization makes it easy to become a member. A customer easily becomes a member by purchasing a pair of Toms. If Toms audiences would like to get more involved, the process is also easy-going as well. Register with Toms online, the member immediately becomes a “One for One” member. “One for One” is the catch phrase that Toms organization uses to attract its audiences. As a member of Toms organization events for the upcoming year will appear on your screen,...
Words: 743 - Pages: 3
...In International Relations, there are some crucial concepts that should be analyzed carefully by scholars. Meanings of these concepts should be clear for all states to minimize contradictions in the existing order. For example, authority and sovereignty are the concepts that ought to be understood by scholars as well as states. Most importantly, power is one of the core concepts in the discipline of International Relations. Power is generally defined as the ability to influence the behavior of others by whatever means. Most people can think that the only way to exercise power is coercion. However, power does not necessarily involve coercion. It may be exercised as persuasion and as the construction of incentives. In International Relations, power is more than ability. Primary goal of states is to be powerful. In addition, power provides security, control and status to states. There is no commonly accepted standard for what makes a state powerful. Throughout the history, economic and military power is determinant factor for some countries whereas population, geography and leadership have a role in being powerful for some countries. For example, Great Britain has always benefited its geography. As being an island, it is separated from Europe. Having this advantage, Great Britain prevented Hitler’s invasion of England during World War II. The fact that economical condition is determinant factor for states to be powerful can be seen in Saudi Arabia. Because Saudi Arabia has very...
Words: 399 - Pages: 2
...International commodity agreement From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia An international commodity agreement is an undertaking by a group of countries to stabilize trade, supplies, and prices of a commodity for the benefit of participating countries. An agreement usually involves a consensus on quantities traded, prices, and stock management. A number of international commodity agreements serve solely as forums for information exchange, analysis, and policy discussion. USTR leads United States participation in two commodity trade agreements: the International Tropical Timber Agreement and the International Coffee Agreement (ICA). Both agreements establish intergovernmental organizations with governing councils . International Coffee Agreement The International Coffee Organization (ICO) is the main intergovernmental organization for coffee. ICO exporting members account for more than 97 percent of world coffee production, and its importing Members, are responsible for around 80 percent of world coffee consumption. The ICO makes a practical contribution to the world coffee economy and to the improvement of living standards in developing countries by facilitating intergovernmental consultation and coordination regarding coffee policies and priorities, by encouraging a sustainable world coffee economy, by initiating coffee development projects to add value and improve marketing, by increasing world coffee consumption through innovative market development activities, by promoting...
Words: 759 - Pages: 4
...Chapter 3: 1. What type of HR organization best fits with global, multinational, international and transnational organizations? There are many types of HR organization just like there are many types of organizations. Some types of organizations are global, multinational, international and transnational. To understand which HR organization best fits each type of organization you must know what each organization does. What they are made up of and what is the purpose and goal of each type of organization. The definition of a global organization from our text is an organization that operates on a global scale(Thomas, D.C. and Lazarova, M.B. 2014.) An example of a global organization is the World Health Organization. Which an organization which is in charge of directing health authority within countries that are part of the United Nations. The World Health Organization is an organization that operates globally and has a goal of getting aid and medical assistance to all who need it. The organization has a large number of employees that come from all over the world and also help people of many cultures. A multinational organization is one that has to do business in multiple environments and they all need to be controlled(Thomas, D.C. and Lazarova, M.B. 2014.) This usually means the organization has many subsidiaries in multiple countries. An example of a multinational organization is Coca-Cola which is headquartered in Atlanta, Georgia but has many bottling plants and...
Words: 1341 - Pages: 6
...gain profit. Globalization has provided scope for the companies to expand their business in other countries. But it is not as easy as it looks. Before entering into the new market, the manager should have proper knowledge of that market, so that, they can prepare them self, before they enter into new market. The company can go for joint venture, when they start operations globally. The main advantage of joint venture is that, it gives company, easy entry into the global market and the risk is also shared between the partners. The internal factors that will affect the global organization, when they do business in global organization are Remuneration Maintain quality expectations Ability to cope with external environment Budget The external factors include Currency rates Political factors Culture Economic environment Legal environment Technology When an international organization goes for recruitment, it need to make sure that, they recruit the right person. The person should have knowledge of culture of the company. For e.g., US companies, which are working in developing countries like china and India, needs, a person, who do have good knowledge of English. He should be ready to work in night shifts etc. The person should also need to have proper qualifications. Many times, it has been seen that, people has only bookish knowledge and no practical knowledge. Stability is also very important. Many people keep on changing jobs, which affect the performance...
Words: 328 - Pages: 2
...University October 23, 2014 An article that discusses numerous differences between the U.S. and the U.K organizations and their employees; these differences include language, culture, customs, attitudes, opinions, and values. In addition, the article discusses the challenges that employees face when working in a country that they do not understand (Doke, 2014, para. 3). On the other hand, the U.S. and the U.K. both have English-speaking citizens and language barriers that create some significant communication issues and employees may often face disappointment and underachievement when trying to adjust to the new country (Doke, 2014, para. 4). In fact, the work, personal ambitions, individualism, efficiency, business meetings and communication differences between the two countries requires some great strategies that will help all employees grow within the organization. DeeDee Dokes states that it is critical for management to understand the differences in business cultures to help employees adjust in the foreign country; this can be done by conducting training sessions to prevent issues in the workplace later on (2014, para. 10). A recent survey conducted by Cendant Mobility states that 84% of organizations provide intercultural training to their employees while working in a foreign country; unfortunately less than 50% of employees obtain that training offered by the organization (Doke, 2014, para. 8). Intercultural training removes the culture shock employees have when transferring...
Words: 437 - Pages: 2
...political affiliation”. This international medical humanitarian organization was established in 1971 by doctors and journalist. There are several reasons MSF provides medical aid to those in need. Epidemics, malnutrition, natural disasters, and exclusion from healthcare are some of the reasons the MSF would provide help. The organization also advocates in situations where issues are neglected. The MSF reserves the right to bring attention to any situation that the organization sees as abuse or neglect. MSF operates independently and are separate from any political, military, or religious affiliations, and remains neutral. The MSF evaluates certain areas to determine how great of a need there is in that particular area before opening a program. Since the MSF operates independently, funding for the organization comes from private, non-government sources. In 2009, MSF had 3.8 million individual donors and private funders worldwide. (“History and Principles”, 2013) Ethically the MSF believes it not only important to help one in a time of need, but also to advocate for one in need. They believe no matter race, religion, or political affiliation everyone deserves the right to necessary medical care. The MSF is often socially accepted by those who are in need. Often welcomed and overwhelmed the MSF must operate on a critical need basis. This sometimes is difficult when the organization sees the need so many people have. They are a very neutral organization and often provide care in...
Words: 882 - Pages: 4
...government is assigned specific powers, however, all other powers that are not mentioned are reserved to the states. The division of power between the federal government and state government allow citizens to diversity. Each state has its own laws, while being still being apart of the same nation. The federal government is responsible for the military, immigration, trade regulation, international relations, and currency, among other things. States and the federal government also have shared powers such as tax collection, spending of social security, construction, aiding unemployment, and enforcing laws. State governments control trade in their borders and can use certain powers as long as they do no compete with federal powers. Examples of this are infrastructure, health care, police and fire stations, K-12 education along with higher education, and marriage laws. The founding fathers saw it fit it create a balance of power. The federal government has a lot of power, but not more than a state’s government has over its own citizens. The federal government is more concerned with national policy and international issues. However, the federal government has control over the distribution of funds in state and local governments. States have their own executive, legislative and judicial branches. Every state has their own constitution with their own laws. The functions of local governments are listed there. There are city governments, counties, towns, and school districts. In areas such as...
Words: 1419 - Pages: 6
