...The Internet was launched more than three decades earlier, when the U.S. government is funding the project. Internet has been the source of several universities and government, he eventually rose to some private companies / research institutions belong. Thus, the first users of the Internet to be a scientist / engineer who was also in the running of the network (and who had no intention of modern pirates) know. Motivated the Internet at that time was to create a national network of reliable communication, and the opportunity to exchange research results / resources around nation1. The original architecture of the Internet is often described as the architecture from end to end. From one end to the other decentralized architecture ", a mechanism should not be placed on the network if it can be placed at the endpoint," in which second heart This construction gives the network simple and universal. Since then, however, the scope of the Internet has grown exponentially. It has become more difficult for the network supported by the government on a scale of measurement so that the government released gradually into a network by the private sector. Since the government is not responsible for Internet access, private companies - Internet Service Provider (ISP) - were created to ensure access to this vast network. These vendors, of course, to private companies, the main objective to make a profit - a radical difference to the original purpose of the supplier, the U.S. government. The...
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...Johnmark Horton Friday Periods 3 + 4 Contents 1. Introduction 2. Internet Service Providers (ISP) 3. Web Hosting Services 4. Domain Names and Structures 5. Web Design Software 6. Conclusion 7. References Introduction Introduction In the modern world we use the Internet daily, from a Google search, to reading the news, to checking our emails. However the World Wide Web and the Internet are two completely different things, they have both come a long way from the origins of CERN, being designed on the back of a napkin. How does the Internet really work though? What happens when we connect to the Internet? What are the differences between the Internet and the World Wide Web? Read on to find out more. (Brooke Telecom, 2014) Internet Service Provider (ISP) Internet Service Provider (ISP) An Internet service provider is basically a company that will provide you with your Internet connection, whether that is to your house, your business or anywhere else. The services that Internet service providers usually provide include Internet access, Internet transit, domain name and registration, web hosting and colocation. There are different types of Internet providers; these include access providers, mailbox providers, hosting ISPs, transit ISPs, virtual ISPs, free ISPs and wireless ISPs. An access provider provides Internet access, they do this by having modems and servers set up, these then connect through...
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...the subject? Please cite all sources The current structure of the internet can be described as "open" because it allows both consumers and businesses to communicate; as well as create, share, and access content without restriction or boundaries. The concept behind the The "Open Internet" structure is Net Neutrality, defined by the Oxford Dictionaries as "the principle that internet service providers should enable access to all content and applications regardless of the source, and without favoring or blocking particular products or websites." Currently, net neutrality plays a substantial role in the competitive landscape of our current business markets. The current "open" structure of the internet allows for better communication, creativity, innovation, and access to markets as well as products for both organizations and consumers . Net neutrality has somewhat leveled the "playing field", and made it possible for smaller organizations to compete in the same markets as established organizations that have access to larger amounts of capital. Recently, President Obama released a statement calling net neutrality "essential to the American economy" due its ability to "lower the cost of launching a new idea, ignite new political movements, and bring communities closer together." In my opinion net neutrality isn't a good long term solution. While I do believe there should be a basic level of internet service provided at no charge (similar to our current situation), I also believe...
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... NT1330 Service Provider Types Unit 2 Assignment 1 July 3, 2014 Comparing Service Providers There are a lot of companies providing services, but AT&T provided telephone communication to the public. AT&T monopolized the telecommunication industry until the United States took them to court for antitrust and won. AT&T was broken up into eleven smaller companies, call Baby Bells. One of the companies that derived from this law suit was the Regional Bell Operating Company or RBOC. RBOC was a term that described one of the US telephone companies that provided telephone, telegraph, and long distance to the consumers. RBOC is part of a local exchange carrier allowed to compete for business. RBOC services internet service which in turn dealt with digital data. The merging companies provided different types of service based on the Telecommunication Act of 1996. ILEC or incumbent local exchange carrier is a telephone company that provided local telephone communications before the ruling to break up the Ma Bell Company. The FCC ruled that the ILECs must provide other telecommunications service providers access to their equipment to be able to provide a better rate to the consumer. This ruling allowed other telecommunications service provider access to the consumer without owning...
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...CHAPTER 1 The Internet and Its Uses Objectives After completing this chapter, you should be able to answer the following questions: I I How is the Internet evolving? How do businesses and individuals use the Internet? What is the importance of standards in the continuing growth of the Internet? What is the role of an Internet service provider (ISP)? How does the hierarchical structure of the Internet allow the efficient movement of information? I What are a point of presence (POP) and an Internet Exchange Point (IXP)? What types of devices do ISPs use to provide services? What is scalability, and why is it important in the ISP network? What support teams work at an ISP, and what is their purpose? I I I I I I Key Terms This chapter uses the following key terms. You can find the definitions in the glossary. Internet page 2 page 2 Network Access Point (NAP) Tier 1 ISP Tier 2 ISP Tier 3 ISP page 9 page 9 page 9 page 9 page 7 electronic commerce (e-commerce) Request for Comments (RFC) Internet service provider (ISP) bandwidth page 4 page 3 page 4 Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) page 5 transport network page 12 DSL access multiplexer (DSLAM) page 7 page 7 cable modem termination system (CMTS) page 13 scalable network page 14 page 13 digital subscriber line (DSL) Metro Ethernet page 7 point of presence (POP) Internet Exchange Point (IXP) 2 Working at a Small-to-Medium Business or ISP, CCNA Discovery Learning Guide ...
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...changed the internet. The commission voted by a margin of three to two to approve the "Internet Freedom Order." This order exterminated the network neutrality rules that have been governing the internet since early 2015. Network, or "net" neutrality is the principle that Internet Service Providers, also known as ISPs, are required to equally give their consumers access to all legal content. Removing the net neutrality rules would allow ISPs to charge customers more for using the internet that they provide and would also authorize them to blow their websites up with advertisements, also known as "Clickbaits." Discarding the rules would also allow ISPs to block websites that...
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...entail three primary norms: a. Internet Service Providers (ISPs) must operate in a transparent manner; b. ISPs cannot block access to any content; c. ISPs cannot discriminate against any internet traffic in any manner. Critics fear that powerful service providers could choose to control Internet traffic by funnelling data into fast and slow lanes; this thereby would allow the richest companies to pay extra fees to ensure that their online content is accessible through the fast lanes, creating an additional barrier of entry for new online start-ups who could not afford access to such fast lanes. One of the alleged drawbacks of the...
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...Out of the three options- Mirroring, Caching, and Content Delivery Networks (CDN) to handle internet bottlenecks caching was more attractive to the Internet Service Providers (ISP) as they saved on transit fees that they had to pay the Network Service Providers and enjoyed increased subscriber satisfaction because of higher speed but caching had serious drawbacks for content providers due to the stale contents and inefficient analyzing activity. Because of its algorithms CDN solutions were more attractive to content providers. So caching solutions were sold primarily to ISP’s and CDN solutions to content providers. The key strategy for Akamai has been to keep both the parties, content providers and ISP’s happy. So basically as CDN’s are more lucrative to content provider they were willing to pay more Akamai so charged them and subsidized ISP’s. To start with Akamai’s version 1.0: Freeflow not only made sites 10 times faster and protected them against sudden traffic bursts but also reduced the content provider’s payments to ISP’s for bandwidth which justified charging them for the service. On the other hand the ISP’s also gained some things as the improved speeds were valued by their subscribers but Akamai needed data center space and transit bandwidth from the ISP’s so along with high speed which their subscribers valued, Akamai needed to compensate the ISP’s and subsidizing was a perfect way to do so. Akamai’s version 2.0: EdgeSuite technology moved Akamai beyond its traditional...
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...will explore the current state of the telecommunications industry with the rapid emergence of the Voice-over Internet Protocol (VoIP) technology, wireless communications and the effects on traditional landline or what is known as Publicly Switched Telephone Network (PSTN). This effort will look into current problems and successes with increased focus on AT&T and Skype. Additionally, this paper will attempt to provide a perspective on the key issues with assumptions of what some of the causal factors may have been. Finally, what the companies’ leadership may consider for the future. Prior to examining the key issues of Skype and AT&T, what is Skype vs. AT&T? Skype was currently one of the industry leaders in VoIP and desired to challenge AT&T and other large phone companies. The telecommunication business is certainly going through a technological revolution with increased demands for faster speeds and services. Additionally the infrastructure is in demand to grow with the customer needs. AT&T along with several other landline based companies owned a major portion of the Internet infrastructure. Skype requires access to the Internet by way of Internet Service Providers (ISPs) in order for Skype to provide their VoIP service. AT&T with the other companies currently could not charge Skype beyond the normal rates for access to the Internet. With a looming battle with the large phone companies this presented some key issues with Skype. Skype was...
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...innovative growth. The research paper starts with an introduction of net neutrality then proceeds to the main argument of the topic. The paper will examine how net neutrality regulations have posed threats to internet use while reviewing some the work done different scholars. At the end of this part, an argument will be presented to show how threat to internet use will hinder competition and innovation growth. To strengthen the argument and stand of this paper, the paper will also examine the importance of net neutrality in businesses and communities which are core for development and show how this regulations will hinder innovation and competition to businesses and communities due to lack of information. The paper shall close with a conclusion part that will sum up the ideas discussed in the paper and bring to light how net neutrality will hinder competition and innovation. A research done by Bauer, Johannes, and Woohyun on "Regulation and innovation in Telecommunications" revealed that more than any other innovation or invention of our time, the Internet has opened potential outcomes we could barely imagine of a generation ago (Bauer 9). The research provided major reasons we have seen such extraordinary development and advancement as most Internet providers have treated Internet traffic in an equal manner. That is the principle known as "net neutrality" and it says that a business person's fledging organization ought to have the same opportunity to succeed as other established enterprises...
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...public interest advocates have fought to preserve it. In September, the fight to keep the Internet free and open found its way to the DC’s Circuit Court of Appeals, where Verizon is attempting to overturn the Federal Communications Commission’s current net neutrality regulations. Verizon vs. FCC , which could be decided as soon as this month, is the latest and arguably most important battle to protect the Internet from censorship and discrimination. But what is net neutrality? And what could this case mean for the future of the Internet? We’ve put together this explainer to catch you up. What is net neutrality? Network neutrality, or net neutrality, is a term first coined by technology policy scholar Tim Wu to describe the preservation of online innovation by prohibiting companies from discriminating against some users and content, or prioritizing some content over others. It guarantees a level playing field in which Internet users do not have to pay Internet service providers more for better access to online content, and content generators do not have to pay additional fees to ensure users can access their websites or apps. By the way, what is an Internet service provider? An Internet service provider, or ISP, is a company or organization that sells you access to the Internet. These companies, like Comcast, Verizon, Time Warner Cable or CenturyLink, do not own the Internet, they just provide the infrastructure needed to access it, like underground fiber optic...
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...Franklin Delarosa | Fundamentals of Information Systems Security | Project Part 1 | 4/3/2014 | ISP - Internet service provider Short for Internet Service Provider, it refers to a company that provides Internet services, including personal and business access to the Internet. For a monthly fee, the service provider usually provides a software package, username, password and access phone number. Equipped with a modem, you can then log on to the Internet and browse the World Wide Web and USENET, and send and receive e-mail. For broadband access you typically receive the broadband modem hardware or pay a monthly fee for this equipment that is added to your ISP account billing. In addition to serving individuals, ISPs also serve large companies, providing a direct connection from the company's networks to the Internet. ISPs themselves are connected to one another through Network Access Points (NAPs). ISPs may also be called IAPs (Internet Access Providers). WAN - wide area network A computer network that spans a relatively large geographical area. Typically, a WAN consists of two or more local-area networks (LANs). Computers connected to a wide-area network are often connected through public networks, such as the telephone system. They can also be connected through leased lines or satellites. The largest WAN in existence is the Internet. Reference Internet service provider. (2014, March 4). Wikipedia. Retrieved April 3, 2014, from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_service ...
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...neutrality! How is letting internet providers cap data, steal personal information, or stop the next Netflix a good thing? The internet must remain accessible and fair, free of manipulation from internet providers. Consumers, internet activists and the government agreed. As last mile providers of critical services, ISPs had too much power over internet access. The light touch regulation afforded internet services was not enough to keep them in line. So, the FCC, under the Obama administration, reclassified ISPs as a utility. What is a last mile provider? They’re the companies that build and maintain connections between internet nodes and individual homes. Like gas and electric or telephone companies, ISPs would be under the same strict supervision. Studies on the effect this type of...
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...Nynex, Pacific Telesis, Southwestern Bell, and US West. (Sheldon, 2001) The Regional Bell operating companies are important to telecommunication because they remove the monopoly that the American Telephone and Telegraph Company (AT&T) had and they provided the fixed line, wireless and data service to the subscribers. The Incumbent Local Exchange Carrier (ILEC) is a local telephone company in the United States that was in existence at the time of the breakup of AT&T into the Regional Bell Operating Companies (RBOCs). (Unknown, Incumbent local exchange carrier, 2012) This ILEC was providing local service when the Telecommunications Act of 1996 was enacted. This forced ILEC to open up their networks to outside competition. The Incumbent Local Exchange Carrier is important to telecommunication because they were the established providers of telephone access. The Competitive Local Exchange Carriers (CLEC) is companies that are known to provide an alternative service to the RBOCs within its territory. CLECs compete against the RBOCs in the local service areas. The Telecommunications Act of 1996 which allowed competition to the ILECs enabled new companies like CLECs to offer voice and data services via both landline and wireless delivery. (Unknown, Definition of CLEC) The Competitive Local Exchange Carriers is important to telecommunication because they helped to increase competition and lower cost to the consumers A Multiple Systems Operator (MSO) is a company that has acquired...
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... Recommendations………………………………………………………………………………………………..7 • User and ISP Cooperative (Option 1)………………………………………………………….7 • Website Accessibility Certification (Option 2)……………………………………………7 • Top-Level Domain Classification (Option 3)……………………………………………….8 Legal, Technical, and Regulatory Considerations………………………………………………….8 • Option 1……………………………………………………………………………………………………..9 • Option 2……………………………………………………………………………………………………..9 • Option3 …………………………………………………………………………………………………….10 Summary…………………………………………………………………………………………………………….11 Works Cited………………………………………………………………………………………………………..12 Introduction An ongoing topic for debate is how to create, implement, and enforce regulations for information services, more specifically…the internet. The Federal Communication Commission (FCC) is the Government appointed regulating body that would be responsible for completing the aforementioned task. The reason there is virtually no regulation of the internet is because there is virtually no legislation concerning the service. However, there is legislation acknowledging the internet and the need to promote its development and availability to the public. The internet is typically made available to the public via telecommunications providers in the form of an Internet Service Provider (ISP). Telecom providers are subject to Federal Regulations, and the FCC creates and enforces legislation concerning...
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