...as metamaterials, some of which can bend electromagnetic radiation, such as light and thermal and also optical lens, that able to bend the incoming light ray from in order to around an object, giving the appearance that it is not there at all. Introduction Definitions and Background The desire to make objects or people invisible has a long history: to this end, many different devices have been imagined. However, it is only in relatively modern times that these plans have begun to move from fiction to reality. The recent development of metamaterials and the new design of optical lens have made accessible and opened up new possibilities for invisibility, the most promising of which are described in this article. To be invisible in the conventional sense is to be undetectable to electromagnetic radiation within a given frequency range; light must not be scattered or absorbed. An immediate and unfortunate consequence of this requirement is that an invisible person must also necessarily be blind. In many applications, partial invisibility is sufficient. Hence, with all these kind of technology, metamaterials and optic lenses will provide the human being a wide range of new applications device and new systems whether in military sector or in automotive system such as, in Keio University, Tokyo for instance, enable the back seat driver to become invisible whenever the driver is moving backward (Gbur,2013) or when...
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...How does it work Powerful microscopes shed new light on the teeny tiny and make the invisible, visible. They've played an enormous part in science by taking us deep into worlds we've come to think of as "microscopic." Besides, microscopes are effectively just tubes packed with lenses, curved pieces of glass that bend light rays passing through them. The simplest microscope of all is a magnifying glass made from a single convex lens, which typically magnifies by about 5–10 times. Microscopes used in homes, schools, and professional laboratories are actually compound microscopes and use at least two lenses to produce a magnified image. There's a lens above the object (called the objective lens) and another lens near your eye (called the eyepiece or ocular lens). Each of these may, in fact, be made up of a series of different lenses. Most compound microscopes can magnify by 10, 20, 40, or 100 times, though professional ones can magnify by 1000 times or more. For greater magnification than this, scientists generally use electron microscopes. To see a fly's eye in detail, our own eyes would need to be able to process details that are millimeters divided into thousands—millionths of a meter (or microns, as they're usually called). To study a fly's eye really well, we need it to be maybe 10–100 cm (4–40 in) across: the sort of size it would be in a nice big photo. That's the job a microscope does. Using very precisely made glass lenses, it takes the minutely separated light rays coming...
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...created or destroyed. When talking about light, it means visible light that is a small part of the electromagnetic spectrum. The Electromagnetic Spectrum in accordance to light: The electromagnetic spectrum (EMS) refers to the radiation that is released from unstable atoms. The EMS goes from radio waves to gamma rays. Electromagnetic radiation travels in waves, the frequency of a wave is the amount of waves per second, while the wavelength is the length of an individual wave in meters. Visible light is a very small part of the EMS, from left to right, violet wavelengths has the highest frequency and shortest wavelength, while...
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...Brief History Optical microscopy, as discussed in the introduction of the previous lab, uses a system of lenses to magnify and resolve image details usually invisible to the naked eye. Reflected light microscopy relies on the observed specimen to have a highly reflective surface, while other light microscopy techniques employ a different fundamental system. [1][10][11] In this lab, we make use of transmitted light microscopy – a practical and common technique made possible by sample illumination using a light source on the opposite side of the specimen from the objective. [2] Relatively, this technique was discovered only very recently and has by and large become just as heavily used as reflected light microscopy. The chronology of the transmitted light microscope is rooted in the evolution of the optical microscope, but branches off in 1893 when August Kӧhler began to work with sample illumination and made use of light that interfered with the sample, rather than the light being absorbed and reflected.[3] Transmitted light microscopy is heavily favored to observe biological sample and in Figure 1, we can see how light is transmitted through the sample and into an eyepiece, instead of being reflected off the surface.[4] Figure 1 Unstained (left) and stained (right) biological sample. In 1953, this technique saw a crucial jump in development and began exploring phase contrast techniques.[5] Bright-field and dark-field techniques also allowed for contrast between specimen...
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...Telescopes in Astronomy SCI/151 January 26, 2015 Telescopes in Astronomy Telescopes are one of man's greatest inventions. The instrument makes distant objects appear closer and they have taken us on a fantastic voyage of learning about and understanding our universe. This paper will focus on the importance of telescopes, major designs, strengths and weaknesses of telescope locations, and where the best place to build them is. In addition, frequencies of light and the role they play in telescopes are discussed. Prior to the telescope the universe was studied, but without the telescope many discoveries would not have been possible. Birth of the Telescope There is some debate as to who designed the first telescope, however the first person to apply for a telescope patent was Hans Lippershey in 1608 (Cox, 2013). In 1609 when Galileo heard of the telescope he decided to design his own and was the first person to point it up toward space (Cox, 2013). Up until this point it was thought that the universe was geocentric and that the Sun evolved around the Earth. The invention of the telescope helped prove the Copernican system in which all planets evolve around the Sun. This discovery significantly changed our view of the universe and our place in it. Telescope Designs Designs of telescopes range from reflecting, refracting, and catadioptric telescopes. These three types of telescopes...
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...Experiences Culture has been compared to an iceberg. The tip of the iceberg is easy to see. Just as an iceberg has a visible portion above the waterline and a much larger, invisible portion, below the waterline, similarly culture has some aspects which can be easily observed and others that can only be imagined or intuited. What can be seen of the iceberg above the water level is a very small portion. The major portion of the iceberg is hidden under the water and cannot be seen. (Note: An example of ‘The Titanic’). What you see on the outside of a person is the Behavior or the Explicit Culture in the form of mannerisms, way of dressing, the kind of food one prefers, the language commonly used, etc. These are behaviors which are imbibed conscious, can easily be learned and changed. e.g.: Eating habits, social etiquette, gestures, facial expressions, etc. However, below the water level of the iceberg is the biggest and most dangerous part which is Internal Culture. This is imbibed unconsciously and difficult to change as its roots lie in the values, traditions and experiences. The hidden values give rise to visible behavior. Since values cannot be seen, often the behavior can be misunderstood. e.g.: Work ethic, religious beliefs, notion of modesty, importance of time, etc. Do not judge other cultures and look at them through your own culture lens. Be aware of your own culture, however, be sensitive to the others’ cultures too as each culture has a different dimension...
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...safe, unless you deliberately stare into the beam for lengthy periods. This is especially true of class 2, which is safe if your blink reflex causes you to look away. Class 3B & 4 lasers will damage the eye and potentially cause blindness if the laser's wavelength allows it to penetrate past your cornea and lens. Visible light and short wavelength infrared do this. In terms of laser safety, the above facts mean that your eye health hinges on knowledge and the willingness to act on it so that you never make that one mistake that could cost you your vision. Here are seven frequently asked questions and answers about laser safety and laser safety glasses that might save your vision: When Should I Wear Laser Safety...
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...Report On Invisible Cloak Submitted To: Prepared By: Mrs. Parul Pathak Ankita Aggarwal Mr. Ganesh Mishra Laxmi Pooja Contents * Inroduction * What is Invisible Cloak * What makes it so different? * Meta Materials * How does it works? * About the cloak * How close are scientists to creating a real-life invisibility cloak? * References Invisible Cloak Introduction Invisibility has long been employed in works of science fiction and fantasy, from 'cloaking devices' on spaceships in the various Star Trek series to Harry Potter’s magic cloak. But physicists are beginning to think they can actually make devices with just these properties. To achieve the feat of 'cloaking' an object, they have developed what are known as metamaterials, some of which can bend electromagnetic radiation, such as light, around an object, giving the appearance that it isn’t there at all. The first examples only worked with long-wavelength radiation such as microwaves. One small device that made small objects invisible to near-infrared radiation and worked in three dimensions was unveiled by physicists from the UK and Germany earlier 2015. Admit it. You'd love to own an invisibility cloak. Utter an embarrassing faux pas at a party? Just throw on your magical garment and vanish from the snooty gaze of your fellow partygoers. Want to hear what your boss is really...
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...A microscope (from the Ancient Greek "small" "to look" or "see") is an instrument used to see objects that are too small for the naked eye. The science of investigating small objects using such an instrument is calledmicroscopy. Microscopic means invisible to the eye unless aided by a microscope. There are many types of microscopes. The most common (and the first to be invented) is the optical microscope, which uses light to image the sample. Other major types of microscopes are theelectron microscope (both the transmission electron microscopeand the scanning electron microscope), the ultramicroscope, and the various types of scanning probe microscope. The first microscope to be developed was the optical microscope, although the original inventor is not easy to identify. Evidence points to the first compound microscope appearing in the Netherlands in the late 1500s, probably an invention of eyeglassmakers there:[1] Hans Lippershey (who developed an early telescope) and Zacharias Janssen (also claimed as the inventor of the telescope). There are other claims that the microscope and the telescope were invented by Roger Bacon in the 1200s,[2] but this is not substantiated. Giovanni Faber coined the name microscope forGalileo Galilei's compound microscope in 1625 [3] (Galileo had called it the "occhiolino" or "little eye"). 2nd Century BC - Claudius Ptolemy described a stick appearing to bend in a pool of water, and accurately recorded the angles to within half a degree. ...
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...Term Paper 1st Draft Georges Seurat’s painting Models (Poseuses) is a rather large oil on canvas painting that can be found at the Barnes Foundation. The painting stands at 73 ¾ by 98 ¾ inches. It is thought that the painting was done somewhere between 1886-1888. Depicted in the painting is 3 models getting dressed, one is standing in the center looking at the viewer, the other to the right is sitting down putting on socks, and the other to the left has her back to the viewer. Strewn around the room are different articles of clothing and shoes, while in the background is a picture of another one of Seurat’s paintings, “A Sunday Afternoon on the Island of La Grand Jatte.” Georges Seurat was a French neoimpressionist painter in the 19th century. Seurat was born in 1859 and passed away in 1891 at the age of 31, after dying of pneumonia. He was well known for creating the pointillist style of paining by using tiny dots of color. He used a method called divisionism, which is defined as “a systematic refinement of the broken color of the impressionists.” Some of his more famous pieces are Baignade and Un Dimance à la Grande Jatte (A Sunday Afternoon on the Island of La Grand Jatte), which is pictured in the background of Models, as mentioned earlier. Seurat is a very well known painter and his work had a great impact on the art community, and he is well recognized for his “influence in restoring harmonious and deliberate design and a thorough understanding of color combination...
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...Anna Pellingra WMS 436 Final Paper December 9, 2010 Where are all the Women? The subject of technology is a very challenging subject that is constantly evolving over time. It is one of the most difficult subjects to conquer, and often times it is the one with the highest paying careers. With an abundance of career opportunities and a lot of money to be made, why is it that women make up such a small percentage compared to men in this field? Is it because they are not capable? Or that they do not want to be associated with the “geek” culture of science technology? Women make up more than half of the college population in America,and today women are beginning to major in majors such as math and science in impressive numbers, but with computer science and technology it is a whole different story. On top of the small numbers of women entering the field, the typicality of a women to enter the field only to leave it after a few short years is extremely common. The number of women in computer science and technology who enter and remain in these fields is very low because of underlining cultural stereotypes and the higher demand on women to be in the home juggling with multiple responsibilities. Men compromise a whopping eighty to eighty-five percent of people who enroll in computer science related fields in the university level. Carnegie Mellon University in particular has a ten to one ratio of men compared to women in the field. In 2004-2005, the number of women pursuing...
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...When looking back at films in Hollywood, we often believe that the African Americans, the Jews, or the Chinese have been portrayed the worst however, when it comes to the Native Americans there is no comparison on how hateful and unwholesome the movie industry has been to them. Not only through films has this group been deteriorated but also throughout history, the Americans have fully taken over everything that they had from their land to their culture and reinvented it in a way in which we pleased. The white people of Europe and the United States of America have always been against the “Red faces” throughout time and film has been the pivotal way in which the world sees this. Native Americans in film have been represented as the bad people whether it is in Disney animations or in documentaries and in each film it ends with the American white colonialized people taking over. The world started loving the Indian’s when film showed everybody that they were free spirited people who acted as mythological human beings because they come off to the audience as people who have magical powers and speak very rarely. Films would show Indian men riding and fighting while horse back riding and this was something that the average white person was not accustomed to, neither be the Native Americans. People that were not ethnic would go to films and watch as these silent films with Indians acting as heroes and it made being Native American something that the white man wanted to be. This...
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...and beverages out of the work area. If fiber particles are ingested they can cause internal hemorrhaging 2. Wear disposable aprons to minimize fiber particles on your clothing. Fiber particles on your clothing can later get into food, drinks, and/or be ingested by other means. 3. Always wear safety glasses with side shields and protective gloves. Treat fiber optic splinters the same as you would glass splinters. 4. Never look directly into the end of fiber cables until you are positive that there is no light source at the other end. Use a fiber optic power meter to make certain the fiber is dark. When using an optical tracer or continuity checker, look at the fiber from an angle at least 6 inches away from your eye to determine if the visible light is present. 5. Only work in well ventilated areas. 6. Contact wearers must not handle their lenses until they have thoroughly washed their hands. 7. Do not touch your eyes while working with fiber optic...
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...psychological type as people differs from each other through 4 primary ways or psychological preferences. The aftermath of the test got my jaws dropped. Everything about me was so accurate. There is absolutely nothing I would disagree on because the test is reliable and valid, backed by ongoing global research and development investment. Something that made me flattered and proud was getting to know that I, make a good teammate and partner. From my point of view, my strengths strongly lie in creativity and optimism. I am a really creative person because I tend to think 'out of the box'. To be an entrepreneur, I believe, it is really important to have a gargantuan imagination that is constantly innovating and seeing the world through a different lens. Creativity is innovation and entrepreneurship is all about innovation. Optimism is something that I inherited from my parents. Optimism is about seeing options to reality. As an optimist I always think that there are more options when bad things happen. So, I would try different things in order to get out of a jam. Optimism can also allow a business to overcome seemingly impossible challenges and become an even more effective global competitor. Creativity and optimism can be applied in many areas such as decision making and leadership. They can be used to search for facts and logic in a situation where decisions have to be made. Introversion and perception can be considered as my weaknesses. I usually prefer a 'one-to-one'...
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...The purpose of this paper is to accurately and critically analyze the major changes of technology throughout the film industry’s history. As two college students majoring in computer and technological fields, we feel that it is imperative to understand how cameras and technology and evolved and their effects on the film industry. Although the growth of technology in the film industry may seem of concern to only film makers, it should in fact concern anyone who cares about the future of the cinematography and/or television. Innovations in film technology have undoubtedly shaped the film industry into what it is today. As two college students majoring in computer and technological fields, we feel that it is imperative to understand how cameras and technology have evolved, and their effects on film production. Utilizing what we have learned in class and multiple sources of research, we will critically analyze the major changes in film technology history. The world’s first films produced were black and white, but even to make a black and white film, several important inventions were required. These inventions needed to record video, store the recording, and produce enough lighting to be able to see the scene. In 1893, Thomas Edison introduced the Kinetograph and Kinetoscope to the public, which may have been the largest innovation in film technology (Movie History). The Kinetograph was the first motion picture camera, and was combined with the Kinetoscope which housed a lamp and...
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