...The Subcultures of Sindh by Neelam Shahbaz L13-4084 Sociology-CS Asif Humayun Qureshi 18th April,2015 Table of Contents: Executive Summary3 Introduction4 Description4 Explanation…………………………………………………………………………...…………5 Language………………………………………………………………………………………....5 Food.....................................................................................................5 Clothing.6 Buildings...............................................................................................7 Architecture.........................................................................................8 Arts and Crafts.....................................................................................8 Handicrafts...........................................................................................9 Sports...................................................................................................9 Poetry and Music................................................................................9 Specialities of Sindhi Cities....................................................................10 Conclusions and Recommendations......................................................11 References..............................................................................................12 Executive Summary This term paper mainly consists of the sub-culture of Sindh. The sub-culture of Sindh is full of colors and life. From...
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...Under the Surface I believe the American flag symbolizes unity, freedom, and a strong nation. Red represents hardiness and valor, white represents hope, purity, and innocence, and blue represent vigilance, perseverance, and justice. Since 9-11, America has been filled with hatred and the blame went on more than just a few of people but on an entire religion. Often times Muslims that has no affiliation with the attack has been categorize as terrorist. The Islamic as a whole is a great faith for one to follow but a small group associated with the religion has caused much shame to the community. Al-Qaeda is a militant Islamist organization founded by Osama bin Landen in the late 1980s, which was the terrorist organization solely responsible for the attack of 9-11. Al-Qaeda has redefined the way we look at the Islamic religion. Al-Qaeda is the reason many Americans view the Islamic religion in such a negative way and classifies all Muslims as terrorists. Al-Qaeda is a political movement with a demonstrated military ability, which has sought to bypass the state while co-opting its attributes and channeling its resources (Mohamedou 42). The organization, which coalesced in Afghanistan under the initial troika leadership of Palestinian teacher Abdallah Azzam, Egyptian surgeon Ayman al Dhawahiri, and Saudi businessman Osama Bin Laden in August 1989, was born more in context of a major international armed conflict, namely the Soviet Union’s failed take –over...
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...What Other Cultures Can Teach Us about Sexuality By Zach Daly Professor D Human Sexuality Final Paper Sexuality is an interesting concept, and when examined clearly has a relationship to cultural rules and norms. What is considered acceptable and appropriate sexual behavior varies significantly according to cultural rules, though some sexual taboos and norms seem to cross cultural lines. The fact that cultural norms impact what sexual behaviors are considered appropriate or inappropriate is significant, because many people argue that certain variants of sexuality are either natural or unnatural. However, if some sexual behavior was inherently unnatural, one would not expect to find sexual behavior that is considered aberrant in some cultures as a normative behavior in other cultures. In fact, it is this diversity of “normal” sexual behavior that is the most informative aspect of learning about sexual behavior in other cultures, because it helps explain that what is considered deviant in some cultures is considered normal in other cultures. Of course, examining diverse cultural sexual norms does not mean that all abnormal sexual practices should be embraced as elements of cultural diversity. The fact that a behavior might be considered normative and may be adapted to further cultural norms does not mean that the behavior is necessarily positively adaptive. For example, child brides are the norm in many cultures. The practice of permitting child brides serves...
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...Consumer Behavior Key Terms: learning, classical conditioning, instrumental conditioning, reinforcement, stimulus generalization, stimulus discrimination, brand loyalty, motives, unconscious motives, buyer decision process, information search, perception, subliminal perception, self image, perceived risk, attitude, cognitive dissonance, post-purchase (cognitive) dissonance, buyer's remorse, purchase decision process, problem recognition, information search, evaluative criteria, alternative evaluation, consideration set, reference group, beliefs, attitude change, opinion leader, word-of-mouth advertising, buzz marketing, Bzz Agent, family, social class, culture, subculture, innovators, compatibility, complexity, divisibility, communicability, relative advantage, and adoption process. Consumer Behavior- The relatively young discipline of marketing has a great deal to learn from other fields such as psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, etc. -- especially when it comes to consumer motivation and behavior. One thing scholars are noticing is the convergence of disciplines. A. Contributions of Psychology to Consumer Behavior Learning—Two important learning theories are classical conditioning (Pavlov) and instrumental conditioning (Skinner). Classical conditioning focuses on contiguity (association) and repetition. Pavlov taught dogs to associate the meat and the bell by pairing the two through numerous trials. Eventually, the dog salivated to the bell without the...
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...Chapter 1: Q: You are a U.S. citizen recently assigned as the manager of distribution in a European country where bribery is relatively acceptable. Your job description includes responsibility for accepting shipments as they enter the local port authority. On your first trip down to the docks to sign for a shipment, the customs agent in charge asks for a “tip” to clear the goods for pickup. The value of the incoming shipment is around $150,000. Knowing that the government has recently launched an initiative to reduce corruption, how do you react? If additional information would be helpful to you, what would it be? Min 700 words (this includes the question)A: To my point of view as a manager this would be a very difficult situation. To begin I would be in a complete different country, which means and I know the customs, rules, and laws are not the same. First I would need additional information such as, what would the governments initiative consist of. For example if the government’s initiative consist of making bribery illegal. Also if people could report a bribery, to the police and it would be considered a crime. Or even if people would be willing to work undercover to see which of the major companies are participating in bribery or supporting it. In my opinion this would be since I would work for a company that receives goods through the port. Also I would need to know more of my company. For example what if this bribery or “tip” occurs only for companies that are surrounded...
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...3: Culture While this Hong Kong pedestrian appears not to notice the Nike billboard behind him, featuring NBA star LeBron James wearing the Air Zoom sneaker, the Chinese people certainly did notice. The Oregon-based Nike corporation was forced to pull its “Chamber of Fear” promotion, based on a Bruce Lee movie, after an outraged public objected to the image of a U.S. athlete defeating a kung fu master. In the global marketplace, cultural differences can undermine even the most elaborate promotional campaign. inside Culture and Society Development of Culture around the World Elements of Culture Culture and the Dominant Ideology Case Study: Culture at Wal-Mart Cultural Variation Social Policy and Culture: Bilingualism Boxes Sociology in the Global Community: Life in the Global Village Sociology in the Global Community: Cultural Survival in Brazil Sociology on Campus: A Culture of Cheating? “Nacirema culture is characterized by a highly developed market economy which has evolved in a rich natural habitat. While much of the people's time is devoted to economic pursuits, a large part of the fruits of these labors and a considerable portion of the day are spent in ritual activity. The focus of this activity is the human body, the appearance and health of which loom as a dominant concern in the ethos of the people. While such a concern is certainly not unusual, its ceremonial aspects and associated philosophy are unique. The fundamental belief underlying the whole...
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...Joel Schwartz Final Paper - Draft 7/16/12 Professor Hoge English 1020 Animal Rights Activism: A Domestic Terror Threat Throughout the past two decades, extreme animal rights groups have claimed responsibility for hundreds of crimes and acts of terrorism, including arson, bombings, vandalism, burglary, animal release, and harassment. These crimes have caused damage costing more than one hundred million dollars. While some activists have been captured, animal rights terrorism cells, are extremely difficult to identify and most of the attacks remain unsolved. Although it has been overshadowed by Islamic terrorist threats since September 11, animal rights terrorism still remains one of the United State’s most active terrorist movements. This paper intends to explore the Animal Rights terrorist movement and prove that Animal Rights activists pose a significant domestic terror threat. An increasing number of terrorist activity in the United States has been carried out in the name of animal protection. Although no one has been killed in an attack, the increasingly violent nature of attacks suggests that someone will be proclaimed dead before long. Beginning in the 1970s, hundreds of groups in the United States have advocated for much stricter legal protection for animals. Change has been slow but incremental. Some activists have become frustrated by the pace of legislation, and have become violent. This violence has created an underground terrorist movement...
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...Religion and Politics and the effect of religion in America For a virtuous instance of how religion affects politics in our current world we need not look very distant but rather look around you. The influence of Catholicism on Latin American politics, and the role religion plays on Middle Eastern politics have had a profound affect in those related societies. After examining the effects of religion into the above mentioned societies it is clear that the introduction of religion into politics has proven to be suppressive and counterproductive to most third world countries, and various subcultures in first world countries. A very well known writer and scholar on the history of Egypt, Budge, E. A. Wallis, "Egyptian Religion and Society: Egyptian Ideas of the Future Life (Library of the Mystic Arts)". Citadel Press. August 1, 1991. Wrote, “Most scholars have concluded that, in later times at least, there was no close personal tie between the individual Egyptian and the gods, that the gods remained aloof, that their relationship to humans was indirect, communicated to him by means of the king”. We must remember that there was no established book or set of teachings, as the Bible or the Qur'an, and few prescribed conditions of behavior or conduct. Humans were guided essentially by human wisdom and trusted in their belief in the goodness of the gods and of their divine son, the king. An important concept in Egyptian life was the idea of justice. Although the Egyptian was entirely...
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...Description of the Incident On July 22, 2011, 32 year old Anders Breivik detonated a bomb in a government building in Norway’s capital of Oslo and then drove to the island of Utoya, dressed as a police officer, and started shooting an assault rifle at the teenagers of the Labor Youth Party camp. At the end of this event, Breivik had killed 77 people and injured many more. What attracted the most attention of the news was not the event, but the trial. In the trial, the media was pouring with eye-catching headlines that described Breivik as a privileged criminal who was truly insane. The different views of the media will be discussed in more detail in the Media Reporting Section of this paper. In Norway, their criminal justice system is focused around rehabilitation; getting the accused individual to function back in society. In Breivik’s trial, the main debate was if he was insane or not because each would have drastic consequences for Breivik and the community. If he was declared insane, as much as society saw him, then Breivik would be committed to compulsory psychiatric care, and the community would write the attack as the work as a madman. If he was declared sane, which he was, then he would serve Norway’s maximum sentence of 21 years (and longer if deemed dangerous to society), and society would be left with the question “Why?”. The different options also would have a major impact on Breivik; if he was declared insane, then he would go to a private institution (which was...
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...HALAL MARKETS IN CHINA: POTENTIALS AND CHALLENGES Isa Ma1 ABSTRACT This paper aimed to evaluate Halal markets in China including Halal market potentials and challenges in China through analysis of Chinese Muslim populations (market size), purchasing powers, geographic locations (market places), and Chinese Muslim living situations in China (challenges). This paper also combated some problems relating to Halal markets in China and provided some basic information about Chinese Muslims and on Halal markets in China for potential Halal marketers. Keywords: Chinese Muslims and Halal markets in China 1. INTRODUCTION As companies head towards a global market that deals with people from many different cultural backgrounds, it has become essential for marketers to understand culture’s influence on consumer behaviours. The recognition of the importance of culture on consumer behaviours has led to an increasing amount of research across cultures (Sojka and Tansuhaj 1995). More significantly, many studies have succeeded in establishing links between culture and consumer behaviours (McCracken 1986). As the cultural variables and differences increase, the number of communication misunderstandings also increase. Barnlund (1989) suggests that a way to approach cultural understanding is to undertake a careful description of how people relate to one another in search of the norms that regulate social acts or behaviours. The most powerful elements of cultures are those that...
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...Claremont Colleges Scholarship @ Claremont CMC Senior Theses CMC Student Scholarship 2011 The Effect of Culture on the Implementation of International Financial Reporting Standards Mitchell A. Skotarczyk Claremont McKenna College Recommended Citation Skotarczyk, Mitchell A., "The Effect of Culture on the Implementation of International Financial Reporting Standards" (2011). CMC Senior Theses. Paper 165. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/165 This Open Access Senior Thesis is brought to you by Scholarship@Claremont. It has been accepted for inclusion in this collection by an authorized administrator. For more information, please contact scholarship@cuc.claremont.edu. CLAREMONT McKENNA COLLEGE THE EFFECT OF CULTURE ON THE IMPLEMENTATION OF INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL REPORTING STANDARDS SUBMITTED TO PROFESSOR MARC MASSOUD AND DEAN GREGORY HESS BY MITCHELL SKOTARCZYK FOR SENIOR THESIS SPRING 2011 2 Table of Contents I. Introduction…………………….……………………………………………………………….4 II. Literature Summary………………………………………...………………...….……………..5 III. IFRS……………………...……………………………………………………..……………11 IV. Carve-outs…………………………………………………………………………………....18 V. Culture and Accounting………………………………………………………………………25 VI. Conclusion………………………………………………………………...…………………30 Appendix………………………………………………………………………………………...32 Bibliography……………………………………………………………………………………..37 3 I. Introduction As globalization increases at a blistering pace, more...
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...Chapter 7. DELINQUENCY Juvenile among young people, as they negotiate the transition from childhood to adulthood in an increasingly complex and confusing world, is the issue that this chapter first examines. Some basic assumptions relating to delinquent behaviour are presented, followed by a description of the various factors underlying or contributing to this phenomenon. Some regional variations are highlighted. Effective approaches and measures for preventing juvenile delinquency are detailed, with particular attention given to the development of educational, professional development and community programmes, improvements in family relations and parenting skills, and the value of restorative justice for both perpetrators and victims. The chapter concludes with a summary and recommendations for future action. Delinquent and criminal behaviour For many young people today, traditional patterns guiding the relationships and transitions between family, school and work are being challenged. Social relations that ensure a smooth process of socialization are collapsing; lifestyle trajectories are becoming more varied and less predictable. The restructuring of the labour market, the extension of the maturity gap (the period of dependence of young adults on the family) and, arguably, the more limited opportunities to become an independent adult are all changes influencing relationships with family and friends, educational opportunities and choices, labour market participation...
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...Chapter 7. DELINQUENCY Juvenile among young people, as they negotiate the transition from childhood to adulthood in an increasingly complex and confusing world, is the issue that this chapter first examines. Some basic assumptions relating to delinquent behaviour are presented, followed by a description of the various factors underlying or contributing to this phenomenon. Some regional variations are highlighted. Effective approaches and measures for preventing juvenile delinquency are detailed, with particular attention given to the development of educational, professional development and community programmes, improvements in family relations and parenting skills, and the value of restorative justice for both perpetrators and victims. The chapter concludes with a summary and recommendations for future action. Delinquent and criminal behaviour For many young people today, traditional patterns guiding the relationships and transitions between family, school and work are being challenged. Social relations that ensure a smooth process of socialization are collapsing; lifestyle trajectories are becoming more varied and less predictable. The restructuring of the labour market, the extension of the maturity gap (the period of dependence of young adults on the family) and, arguably, the more limited opportunities to become an independent adult are all changes influencing relationships with family and friends, educational opportunities and choices, labour market participation, leisure...
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...Kapitel 1 Normative (prescriptive) accounting theory Inte baserad på empiriska tester (som positive teorier är) utan de är baserade på vad researcher tror ska eller borde inträffa vid särskilda omständigheter. Teorier som föreskriver (prescribe) istället för förklarar (describe) särskilda handlingar kallas för normativa teorier eftersom att dom baseras på normer som researchern som lägger fram teorierna har. T.ex. säger hur vi ska ta till oss och använda redovisningsmetoder. Kapitel 2 Theories of regulation Public interest theory There is the public interest theory of regulation which propose that regulation be introduces to protect the public. It assumes that the regulatory body (usually government) is a neutral arbiter of the public interest and does not let its own self-interest impact on its rule-making processes. “The regulator does its best to regulate so as to maximize social welfare. Consequently, regulation is thought of as a trade-off between the costs of regulation and its social benefits in the form of improved operations of markets”. Regulation put in place to benefit society as a whole rather than vested interests. Regulatory body considered to represent interests of the society in which it operates, rather than private interests of the regulators. Assumes that government is a neutral arbiter. Criticisms of public interest theory Critics question assumptions that economic markets operate inefficiently if unregulated. Question the assumption...
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...VRIJE UNIVERSITEIT AMSTERDAM COURSE ETHICS 4.3 with special reference to PROFESSIONAL ETHICS Code 61432100 [final version January 10, 2012] Academic year 2011-2012 Period 3: January. Faculty of Economics and Business Administration: MSc Program Business Administration. Prof. dr. Eduard Kimman course assistant: Karin Tjeerdsma (k.t.tjeerdsma@vu.nl) Background This course, in the setting of various Master Programmes at the Faculty of Economic and Business Sciences, is about the morality of professional people acting in the context of a business organization. Business organizations or organizations as such do have a formal structure in which responsibility ultimately lies with a director or the board of directors. A business organization forms a context for a great variety of decisions. In a juridical perspective the organization is the bearer of numerous transactions. Inside organizations one may find remarkable opportunities for just or unjust behaviour, for moral or immoral behaviour, for situations of equality or inequality which deserve to be evaluated ethically. As FEWEB is a school for the study of economics and business administration in an economic perspective we focus on so-called “economic decisions” which are decisions being taken with some form of economic calculus. In this course we will spend time on questioning whether the economic or financial outcomes of these decisions are morally neutral or deserve some further moral investigation...
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