...Collapse- book is about a history topic about how societies choose to fail or survive. The main characters are historical people and unknown kings of Mayan cities or Easter Island villages. Jared Diamond tells the story of the Viking explorer Erik the Red, who discovered Greeland and Vinland (Terranova, in Canada). Another character is captain Olafsson, a norse sailor who wrote the last news about Greenland in 1410. Another main character is Christopher Columbus, who arrived at Hispaniola in 1492, but now this island is two countries, the Dominican Republic and the Haiti. Diamond studied the politics of two presidents. the dominican Rafael Trujillo, who protected the enviroment and the dictator François, Papa Doc, Duvalier, who decided on politics of deforestatation of his country, Haiti. The author considered the bad politics of another main character, king George II, who was interested in sending merinosheeps from Spain to Australia, an idea which was succesful from 1820 to 1950 but then the farmers understood their lands lost fertility. Another main character is Tokuwaga Jeayasu, a shogun of Japan in 1600, who prohibited Christianity in 1600 and protected his country againt deforestation. The book takes us to a lot of places around the globe: Mayan cities, Rwanda, Viking colonies of Vinland or Greenland, Haiti and Dominican Republic, Easter Island and Polynesian colonies in Pacific, and the Chaco villages in New Mexico (United States). The time period was from 800 AC, when...
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...I am always interested in knowing about our ancient societies and how they survived under different political and cultural circumstances. After reading the preface of this book, I was very glad that there is one book intended mainly for students and lay persons to provide an understanding of how our ancestors transformed their societies and moved through periods of crisis. I found this book very readable and thought provoking, especially for readers like me, who don’t have an anthropological background. This book was written by a group of Archeologists, Anthropologists and Social workers. It has very interesting collection of essays responding to Jared Diamond’s popular writings, Collapse: How Societies Choose to Fail or Succeed and Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies. Diamond is a Professor of Geography at UCLA, not an anthropologist, archaeologist, or historian. He makes most complex and abstruse publications of historians, archaeologists, and anthropologists easily understandable for a larger public. This...
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...In the video, Jared Diamond explains that the three major elements that separate the world's "haves" from the "have nots" are guns, germs, and steel. These are the same elements that the Spaniards used to their advantage during their conquest of the Inca empire. Diamond had a theory about geographic luck, which basically means that where you are born is what dictates how much of an advantage you will have due to your surrounding environment. A key element in geographic luck includes domesticated animals which led to greater productivity; the majority of domesticated animals were indigenous to the mild climates of the world where powerful civilizations then developed. Because of their geographic location, Europeans were the first to obtain...
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...New Guinea, but we black people had little cargo of our own?” (14). One commonly espoused answer is the varying intelligence based on genetics (19). Jared Diamond disputes this by stating that evidence that “human differences in intelligence…parallel human differences in technology is lacking” (19). He also states that, in example, New Guineans who were raised in remote villages and were unschooled may seem stupid to Westerners in large cities. In contrast, when Westerners who visit remote villages in New Guinea seem stupid to the local population (20). The varying definitions and types of intelligent make it unreasonable to compare intelligence of genetically varying people, especially from different environments. Another commonly espoused answer is the differences in climate stimulate human energy and creativity to develop technology. Cold climates encourages one to build a warm home and clothing, while in hotter climates, simpler homes and less clothing(22). Diamond, however, states that, also in example, the people of northern Europe did not create anything important to the Eurasian civilizations until the last couple thousands of years, and simply had the luck to live in an environment that would receive...
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...Nehal Patel U69017940 ENC 3310 Summary Project 02/04/2010 Malthus in Africa: Rwanda’s Genocide Summary Malthus in Africa: Rwanda’s Genocide is an educative chapter written by Jared Diamond educating the reader that in the case of Rwanda’s collapse, the critical circumstances like lack of farming land, hunger, poverty, war, lack of natural resources etc. were caused by population pressure. Overpopulation being the major causes, it brings plenty of problems with it. Diamond starts off the chapter by talking about his family’s visit to East Africa where they saw overpopulated streets of poor people especially poor children at the side of the road begging for a pencil. Diamond talks about how “population problems such as those of East Africa are often referred to as Malthusian theory” which is population grows exponentially compare to food production increases arithmetically. (Diamond 312) Then, Diamond discusses about Rwanda’s people that was dominated by Hutus, principally farmers, and Tutsis who were minority. Both did not like each other and therefore; Hutus army with weapons started the killing of Tutsis and “within six weeks, an estimated 800,000 Tutsis, representing about three quarters of Tutsi population in Rwanda”. (Diamond 317) Later, Diamond presents many surveys, samples, statistics and examples such as, overpopulation in Kanama causing population consuming less than average daily required calories, to inform readers about different regions becoming...
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...Megan VanSickle Climate Change Collapse Summaries Chapter 10-Malthus in Africa: Rwanda’s Genocide Summary In Chapter 10 Jared Diamond is educating the readers in the instance of Rwanda’s collapse with the conditions of lack of farming land, hunger, war, poverty, lack of natural resources and more. These were caused by population pressure. Overpopulation is the primary cause which brings many problems along with it. Diamond begins the chapter by discussing and talking about his family’s stay in East Africa. He and his family saw overpopulated streets of poor people which sadly most of them were children. The children were on the side of the road begging. Diamond also discusses how population problems such as this with East Africa are sometimes pointed out as Malthusian theory. This is when population grows rapidly compared to food production increases. Diamond also discusses the Rwanda’s people that were controlled and influenced by Hutus, mostly farmers and Tutsis. Hutus and Tutsis did not like each other so Hutus army started killing Tutsis with weapons. Diamond later causes many examples such as overpopulation in Kanama. This caused population consuming below the average daily required calories. This educated readers about the different regions that are coming to be thee victims of population pressure. At the end of chapter 10, Diamond thinks that overpopulation had great impact on the Rwandan genocide. Diamond uses three counterarguments in order to prove his point...
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...Research Paper “The Neolithic Revolution” Contents: 1. Introduction…………………………………………………………………………..3 2. Literature review……………………………………………………………………..4 3. Neolithic revolution…………………………………………………………………..6 4. Conclusion…………………………………………………………………………….9 5. Bibliography…………………………………………………………………………10 Introduction The most important technological development ever to occur in human history was the domestication of plants (agriculture) and animals (pastoralism). Together these developments are called the Neolithic Revolution. To understand how the Neolithic Revolution occurred it is necessary to understand the economic system it replaced. Until the Neolithic, and in most areas for a long time after, all humans engaged in an economic activity called "hunting and gathering". This system is called "food extraction" as opposed to "food production" by agriculture and pastoralism. This period, which occurred between 12,000 and 8,000 years ago, brought along many profound changes to human society and culture, including the creation of cities and permanent dwellings, labor specialization, the baking of bread, personal property, more complex hierarchical social structures, non-agricultural crafts, slavery, the state, official marriage, personal inheritance, and more. I’ve chosen this topic because we can’t imagine our life, if there were not such a revolution. What would we be without the Neolithic Revolution? I think without the Neolithic...
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...by Marc C. Vandon after purchasing an existing diamond dealer website that later became Blue Nile. By 2009 Blue Nile has become one of the largest online retailers of diamonds. Selling diamonds is not all that Blue Nile offers, amongst their diamond jewelry there are plenty of other gold, platinum, silver and pearl pieces for purchase. In addition to selling diamonds, it also offers platinum, gold, pearl, and sterling silver jewelry. Blue Nile is a publicly traded company that operates in 25 different counties. It is headquartered in Seattle, Washington. Blue Nile offers its products through its United States, Canada and the United Kingdom websites for all product distribution. Lastly, Blue Nile has received several accomedations such as “Forbes Favs 2000-2005”, “Best Online Jewerle Jewelry ,Personal Fiance 2006”(1) The mission of Blue Nile is simple become the number 1 name in jewelry industry, which will be achieved through using high quality products with compelling values while providing customers with outstanding shopping experiences. Also while educating their customers and providing guidance to the way that Blue Nile offers it shopping experience. Many of the goods that Blue Nile offers aren’t actually held in house until a specific order has been placed. Compared to their competitors Blue Nile has an operating advantage through contracts with suppliers that allow them to sell at discount prices.(1) Executive Summary Since Blue Niles inception they have had their...
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...Table of Contents 1. Essay Abstract 2. Introduction 3. Geoengineering: What is it? 4. Environmental Issues & Science 5. Human Impact 6. Ethical & Justice Issues 7. Conclusion 8. Bibliography Geoengineering: A global issue Essay Abstract Geoengineering is a set of new technologies which aim to change the environment in human favour. Considering the technology is nascent, the morality, ethics, technological knowhow and the human impact are all uncertain as they relate to geoengineering. This paper argues that on these grounds, the geoengineering issue should be a global issue. Local governments fail to implement this technology effectively. The subsidiarity test should be passed when it relates to the geoengineering issue. Introduction With rising CO2 levels, changing weather patterns and an ever increasing intensity of weather events, governments and environmental groups are trying to address the global warming issue. There are many theories on how to deal with climate change; from a reduction in pollution to carbon capture. Geoengineering is a relatively new idea in the field of science which “describes this array of technologies that aim, through large-scale and deliberate modifications of the Earth’s energy balance, to reduce temperatures and counteract anthropogenic climate change.” (Bracmort et all., 2011: 1) The vast majority of technology is nascent and at a theoretical stage but it has the potential to affect populations...
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...by: Pauline Mae L. Naranjo Submitted to: Prof. Rose Lacerona 8/19/2013 About Zale Corporation Zale is multifaceted. One of North America's largest specialty jewelry retailers, Zale sells diamond, colored stone, and gold jewelry (diamond fashion rings, semi-precious stones, earrings, gold chains); watches; and gift items at some 1,125 stores and 655 kiosks, mostly in malls, throughout the US, Canada, and Puerto Rico. The firm, which targets the value-oriented customer, has a trio of large chains aimed at different jewelry markets: Gordon's Jewelers, flagship chain Zales Jewelers, and Piercing Pagoda. Zale also operates about 130 jewelry outlet stores, run more than 200 stores in Canada under the Peoples Jewellers and Mappins Jewellers names, sells online, and offers jewelry insurance. For nearly 90 years, Zale Corporation has provided extraordinary ways to say "I love you." As a leading specialty retailer in North America, the Zale family of brands provides our customers with fine jewelry, watches and gift items that offer great value at more than 1,930 locations throughout the United States, Canada and Puerto Rico, and online at www.zales.com and www.gordonsjewelers.com. With an exceptional assortment of jewelry and gifts, including diamonds and an exclusive wedding collection, our brands are famous for helping turn important milestones and celebrations into priceless, life-long memories. (http://www.zalecorp.com/AboutZaleCorp.aspx) The Zale Corporation...
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...Blue Nile Inc. Created by A, B and C. Executive Summary Incorporated in 1999 as a Delaware corporation, Blue Nile Inc.is the leading online retailer of high quality diamonds and fine jewelry. Blue Nile offers its products for sale through the bluenile.com website in over 40 countries and territories throughout the world. The company is headquartered in Seattle, Washington and employs 206 employees as of December 2012. The objective of Blue Nile is to offer high-quality diamonds and fine jewelry at competitively attractive prices and at the same time providing useful information and guidance throughout their purchase process. High end jewelry shopping has in fact taken a surprising turn as more and more customers order them online at websites like bluenile.com instead of vising a brick and mortar store. Blue Nile is definitely not the only online jeweler. It has competitors like diamonds.com, whiteflash.com and successful retailers like amazon.com have also tapped this market in the recent years needless to say that the competitive market is intense and highly fragmented with brick and mortar stores also selling a big percentage online. While barriers to entry is high in this industry due to high capital costs, regular brick and mortars are entering this online market due to the ability to keep costs down while reaching a huge market. Threat of substitutes is really low which is a significant advantage to all diamond jewelers. The bargaining power of customers is medium...
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...Yesufu Umar Faruk A00013589 PHI 201 RELIGION IN A MODERN SOCIETY INTRODUCTION Today’s religion did not originate from space; they did exist from ancient faiths which may have been swept away by time. The ancient religion may not be as active as in the past but have continued to influence our present culture. The 19th century had a change in knowledge about other religion, ethics and beliefs and showed a gradation in economy of a state, these stages of progression includes that of Abrahamic to middle age religion, down to their mode of socialization with the environment. ORIGIN OF RELIGION Religion evidence dates back to thousands of years. Archaeologist used apparent burials from Homo sapiens as yardsticks of religious ideas. Other evidence includes symbolic images from middle stone ages, especially that of Africa. However, the interpretation of the paleo-images and their direct meaning with respect to how they relate with religious beliefs remains a controversy, as compared to more recent remains. Various theories have been put down by scholars more recently to supporting the originality and origin of religion rather than believing in earlier claims by Christian beliefs that the world was unreligious (non-religion). Edward Burnett, Tylor, and Herbert Spencer proposed the theory of “Animism” while a renowned archaeologist, john Lubbok described earlier religion as “Fetish”. Other scholars like Max Miller in his theory defined earlier religion as “Hedonism”, while Wilhem...
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...Deeper Luxury lp lan eta ryr es t originalexperientialconnectedwholelovingdepthmeaningspecialnaturalauthenticgreengenuinetrustedconsceoustsusttainableethicalinnerintegralrespectfulplanetaryrestorativethri r us bl i na nableenchantinginnerintegralrespectfulconsciousrestorativeauthentircgreencontributingengagingworthwhileinspirinedcpinitualcreativediverseoriginalexperientialconnectedwhole gs o r taing henticg eengenuinetru s erseoriginalexperientialconnectedwholelovingdepthmeanitngtspecialnaturalauthentstgreconsciuiussuustedconscioussustsciinu bleethicalinnerintegralrespectfulplanetaryconscio hau a oas ic ed engeno netr dep su s t ovi g i e ectedwholelovingdepthmeaningspecialnaturalethichallelrunstedplanetarysustainableencharnttvinginnerintegralrespectfulconsciousres torativeauthenticgreencontributingengagingwo oa tai w o cted aningspecialnaturalauth me originalexperientialconnectedwholelovingdepntnh na e e us r enticgreengenuinetrustedconsciousspetainableethicalinnb rintegralrespectfulplanetaryrestorativethri o alc x l ie i ieo nableenchantinginnerintegralrespecltfuelrcntinsciousrestorativeauthenticgreencontributingengagingworthwhileinspiringspiritualcreativedeverseoriginalexperientialconnectedwvholre xp rati eth e th ina yr to ig ce erseoriginalexperientialconnescoredwholelovingdepthmeaningspecialnaturalauthenticgreengenuinetrustedconscioussustainableethicalininal rintegralrespectfulplantatraresconscio ee y et r inn langengagingwo ive fu d ectedwholelovingdepthmetaningspe...
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...A Review of Acemoglu and Robinson’s Why Nations Fail by Michele Boldrin, David K. Levine and Salvatore Modica Acemoglu and Robinson’s Why Nations Fail [2012] is a grand history in the style of Diamond [1997] or McNeil [1963]. Like those books, this book is exceptionally fun to read and full of interesting historical examples and provocative ideas. The basic theme of the book is that what matters most in why some nations fail – and others succeed, for the book is as much about success as failure – are not – as earlier authors have argued - economic policies, geography, culture, or value systems – but rather institutions, more precisely the political institutions that determine economic institutions. Acemoglu and Robinson theorize that political institutions can be divided into two kinds - “extractive” institutions in which a “small” group of individuals do their best to exploit - in the sense of Marx - the rest of the population, and “inclusive” institutions in which “many” people are included in the process of governing hence the exploitation process is either attenuated or absent. Needless to say Acemoglu and Robinson’s theory is more subtle than this simple summary. They argue that for any economic success political institutions must be sufficiently centralized to provide basic public services including justice, the enforcement of contracts, and education. Given that these functions are carried out, inclusive institutions enable innovative energies to emerge and lead to continuing...
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...EGERTON UNIVERSITY TOWN CAMPUS FACULTY OF COMMERCE DEPARTMENT OF ACCOUNTING, FINANCE & MANAGEMENT SCIENCE NAME: OCHIENG JARED OPONDO REG NO: C12/60275/09 GROUP: A FACULTY: COMMERCE COURSE: BCOM 330; Financial Institutions and markets TASK: TERM PAPER TITLE: COMMERCIAL BANKING IN KENYA PRESENTED TO: MRS. BOSIRE MARY PRESENTED ON: 19TH October 2011 ABSTRACT: This term paper analyses the commercial banking system in Kenya. In particular it focuses on the history of commercial banks from a general perspective then narrows down to Kenya’s context. It looks at the importance of commercial banks in Kenya, the roles/functions of commercial banks. It then focuses on the regulations that govern the commercial banks. Lastly it looks at the contribution of commercial banks to Kenya’s economy. TABLE OF CONTENTS Abstract 2 Table of contents 3 Introduction 4 The history and development of commercial banks 5 Importance of commercial banks 9 Roles of commercial banks 10 Regulations of commercial banks 13 Contribution of commercial banks to Kenya’s economy 14 Emerging trends in banking 17 Summary 18 References 18 INTRODUCTION A commercial bank is a type of financial intermediary and a type of bank. It raises funds by collecting deposits from businesses and consumers via checkable deposits, savings deposits, and time deposits. It makes loans to businesses and consumers. It also buys corporate bonds and government bonds. Its primary liabilities are deposits...
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