Premium Essay

Jimmy Carter Research Paper

Submitted By
Words 1086
Pages 5
During his campaign for presidency Jimmy Carter ran on the promise of a foreign diplomacy stance that centered around human rights. This notion strongly impacted American votes and resulted in Carter’s narrowly achieved victory; only collecting 297 electoral votes while his competitor, Gerald R. Ford, had been able to obtain 240. To be true on his promise of working toward a diplomacy of human rights, President Carter worked toward opening relations with China and made bounds in negotiating a potential peace in the Arab-Israeli conflict only late in his term to be marred by the a crisis in Iran that seemed to have no possible solution. This paper will begin by focusing on the promises made for a diplomacy of human rights during the Carter …show more content…
Our moral sense dictates a clear-cut preference for those societies which share with us an abiding respect for individual human rights.” This statement establish that the issue of human rights in the United States foreign relations policy was not something that would be forgotten on the campaign trail. This foreign policy approach marked an ideological shift in United States foreign policy by focusing more on world order based on human rights. A shift in foreign policy thinking that hadn’t been address as strongly as Carter since the presidency of Woodrow Wilson. President Carter and those within his administration remained incredibly vocal on issues that violated human rights and the nations in which the events occurred. Nations such as Czechoslovakia, the Soviet Union, and Uganda were all publically critiqued by the administrations for the crimes against human rights they had committed. Also, as a more tangible effort to ensure that all departments and engaged on issues of human rights the Human Rights Coordinating Group (HRCG) was created as an internal mechanism for decision – making. This was not the only human rights organization created under this presidency. A second group created with the help of Zbigniew Brzezinski, Assistant of the …show more content…
Still in his first year of presidency, Jimmy Carter was able to achieve a treaty that was considered to be the height of his foreign relations career as President. The Torrijos – Carter Treaties was established by a group of American diplomats headed by Ellsworth Bunker, who had been appointed under the Nixon administration, and Sol Linowitz, a trusted advisor of President Carter. Initially during his time on the campaign trail it was believed by many republicans that Carter was opposed to the potential treaty that President Ford has been perusing with Panama. Later during the campaign, during a presidential debate with Ford, ‘Carter vowed that he would not surrender ‘practical control of the Panama Canal Zone any time in the foreseeable future.’” Apparently, the foreseeable future was after his electoral victory. President-elect Carter began to change his view on the importance of establishing a treaty with Panama. If it was not for Sol Linowitz, the president’s closest advisor, and Secretary of State Cyrus Vance, President Carter may not have perused the

Similar Documents

Premium Essay

Jimmy Carter Research Paper

...James Earl Carter, Jr., also known as Jimmy Carter or the first president to be born in the hospital, was the 39th President of the United States of America. He is regarded by many as one of the worst presidents since World War II. The reasons behind his negative public image as a president can be found on the forefront of the legislative, judicial, public, and global stage. If one would open an encyclopedia or scroll through the contents of Wikipedia, a major conflict that took place within the 20th century on American soil happens to be “conveniently” left out. The battleground was Capitol Hill, in which one lone man took on hundreds. Granted, no actual bullets were fired, nor was there any bloodshed, but it did ultimately cost Jimmy Carter...

Words: 1018 - Pages: 5

Free Essay

Oil Crisis in the 1970s

...Daniel Sebagh Dr. Armiger Response paper #2 4/26/12 Oil Crisis in the 1970’s The Oil Crisis of the 1970’s was a major period in American history, when a number of political, global and social events came together to create a ‘perfect storm’. The Seventies was an era filled with people seeking self-fulfillment (The ‘Me’ Decade), where the nation was growing at a fast pace. People, during this time, concentrated on their own leisure and happiness. Behind the narcissism and selfishness of many people’s attitudes, an oil crisis struck America which largely impacted the automobile industry and led to a rise in gas prices. The combination of stagnant growth and price inflation during this era raises many issues, while many attempts to end the crisis, such as Jimmy Carter’s Energy plan, substantially made it worse. These problems caused Americans to focus more on economic issues versus social issues. The “Me Decade,” a term coined by novelist Tom Wolfe, was a concept of the Seventies- “an era of narcissism, selfishness, personal rather than political awareness… The ‘70’s was the decade in which people put emphasis on the skin, on the surface, rather than on the roof of things… It was the decade in which image became preeminent because nothing deeper was going on (Schulman, 145).” It described the new American self-awareness and the collective retreat from history, community and human reciprocity. Compared to the 1960’s, Americans in the 1970’s were self-absorbed and passive;...

Words: 2143 - Pages: 9

Premium Essay

Palestinian- Israeli Peace Process: Was It Designed to Fail?

...and planned establishment of well drawn out boundaries in particular is becoming a crucial aspect in the tension and the most probable future in the resolution of the conflict. The Israeli’s encroachment into the Palestinian land is not a recent phenomenon and has resulted in scarcity of resources for the Palestinians. This inequality is created and controlled by Israel as a way of achieving security when in real sense it is creating widespread anger to the nation and its policies. The quest for justice for both nations has been a long one which has essentially positioned them in risks for war and further conflict. Abstract1 Table of Contents 1: Introduction2 1.1 Rationale2 2: Was the peace process designed to fail?2 2.1 Methodology2 3: Research review3 3.1 Human security3 3.2 Resource scarcity3 4: Conclusion3 Chapter 1: Introduction 1.1 Rationale As is widely known, land is an essential resource to the planet and fundamental in many ecological and societal activities such as food and energy production, industrial development and also transportation. These are activities...

Words: 921 - Pages: 4

Premium Essay

Reagan Analysis Paper

...Reagan Analysis Paper Reagan Analysis Paper Introduction Ronald Wilson Reagan was the fortieth president of the United States. A two term president, he served from 1981-1989. President Reagan won a landslide victory over Jimmy Carter running on a political platform consisting of jump starting the economy and bringing inflation down. This was to be accomplished through lowering taxes and cutting government spending. Many people consider Reagan an outstanding president but this paper contends he was an overrated president. This is based on the management of three issues facing his presidency. These are: economic policies, ending the Cold War, and the Iran-Contra affair. Economic Policies Throughout Reagan’s campaign he assaulted the Carter administration’s free-spending (Moss & Thomas, 2013, pp-208-210). He made promises to cut spending, but ultimately spent more. The most common misconception is that Reagan saved our economy with his famous Reaganomics. This of course included the modern trickle-down theory or supply-side economics, which included major tax decreases, specifically on the wealthy. These tax decreases, coupled with high military spending, created a massive debt and led the country into one of the worst depressions since the Great Depression. When Reagan entered the presidency in 1981 the national debt was at $900 billion. By the time he left it had over tripled to $2.8 trillion. To top it off, many of the military projects the money was used...

Words: 1174 - Pages: 5

Free Essay

Toni Morrison

...Research Paper #2 Chloe Ardelia Wofford, most commonly known as Toni Morrison, is an American novelist and professor. She was born on February 18, 1931, in Lorain, Ohio. She is the second child among her sister and two younger brothers. She came from a black working-class family that took pride in their heritage. As a child, Morrison enjoyed literature, unlike most children. She had a variety of favorite authors such as Jane Austen and Leo Tolstoy. She later on attended an integrated school with Europeans, Mexicans and Southern blacks. Since she adored literature, she was the only black student in her first grade class who could read. She maintained excellent grades and graduated with honors from Lorain High School in 1949. Wofford continued her education at Howard University, where she majored in English with a minor in classics. During this time, she alternated her name to Toni, since most people had difficulty pronouncing her original name. In the years she spent at Howard, Toni participated in a repertory company and graduated in 1953; more over, she later on attended Cornell University and achieved her master's degree in 1955. Wofford taught introductory English at Texas Southern University in Houston. A year or so later she met Harold Morrison, a Jamaican architect. The two ended up falling in love and eloped in 1958. They had their first son in 1961, who was named Harold Ford. Although, she was suffering from an unhappy marriage because she felt that her husband...

Words: 765 - Pages: 4

Free Essay

Business Communications

...The Reliability of Social Security The Reliability of Social Security For several years now the general public and politicians have debated the long term solvency of the Social Security system. While Americans continue to pay weekly, biweekly or monthly into the program no one person seems to understand whether or not the Social Security Department is stable enough nor is it even going to be around when they retire. The purpose of this debate paper will be to provide you the reader with enough information written from both sides of the argument and providing you with resources enough that you can continue your own research in order to form your own opinion of whether Social Security is Reliable or not. The first order in this debate is to argue that Social Security is solvent and reliable. And how do we know this? This is where understanding Social Security gets a bit tricky. One has to understand that we have a group of “Social Security Trustees” who oversee the funds and report out on the funds on annual bases. According to the Social Security web site and the Trustees reports the” program and report on it financial conditions, program cost are expected to exceed non-interest income form 2011 onward. However, due to interest (earned at 4.4% rate in 2011) the program will run an overall surplus that adds to the fund through the end of 2021”. What means to me is the system is a “pay-as-you-go...

Words: 960 - Pages: 4

Free Essay

Journalism

...Media is an important part of our daily lives. One aspect of our lives that media has a major impact on is politics, especially the presidency. The media affects the president from his campaign all the way through his term. The media is vital to helping the president shape his image communicates with the public, and set the agenda. The media is an essential tool in becoming a successful President. When a President interacts with the media he will soon benefit from this interaction. The effects the media has on the President begin when the President is campaigning. The President has a staff that helps the President form an image that is appealing to the voting public. The staff works with the media to communicate the image of the Presidential hopeful to the public. The staff attempts to “ (1) control news coverage by controlling media access, setting the media’s agenda, creating pseudo events; (2) blur the distinction between news and commercials in order to increase the credibility of the commercial’s message; (3) exploit the linguistic categories reflecting criteria for newsworthiness and conventions of news presentations through which journalists view campaigns; (4) insulate the candidate from attack; and (5) enlist the help of journalists in responding to attacks” (Jamieson 229) If the staff uses the media wisely then it can help ensure that the Presidential candidate will have a good image with the public. It is difficult for candidates to travel to every city in the country...

Words: 2479 - Pages: 10

Premium Essay

Health Care

...Health Care: Cost, Access, Quality Corey Snow Grand Canyon University Abstract The Purpose of this research informative paper, is to analyze the contemporary health care issue of the Affordable Care Act in economic terms regarding the impact of small business and nonprofit health care organizations. Using various research references, the objective of this paper is to inform the economic drawback of the legislation of Affordable Care Act. Keywords: legislation, implementation, corporatized, health care, Affordable care Act, mandate provisions Health Care: Cost, Access, Quality Understandably in the post-modernism era of the United States, the idea of health care reform has centralized on the increasingly high number of the vulnerable or special population of uninsured citizens and the rising cost of health care in the United States. Outside the attentive public of American citizens and health care analysis who are informed about the growing cost of health care in the United States, there is the majority public whom have no clear understanding of the public dilemma surrounding health care reform. This can be noted about the rapidly growing statistical data of evidence surrounding the cost of health care, which is not in the mainstream public. More so, the incurring problems and cost in the quality and efficiency of health care provided by numerous health care providers lack the national support of the majority to actually make a difference in health care reform. While the...

Words: 1316 - Pages: 6

Premium Essay

Influential People In Nursing Paper

...Influential People in Nursing Project 7: Research Paper Jimmy Nguyen CSU, Long Beach N309: Dimensions of Professional Nursing Thursday, April 29, 2015 During the early 1900’s, the profession of nursing was in the process of changing into a something bigger than it was in the past. Of course, this would not have been possible without the accomplishment of some very important people that made an impact in the nursing profession. Between the 1900’s and the 1920’s, The American Nurses Association was founded, school nurses were utilized for the first time, African American nurses were recognized, a person became the world’s first nursing professor, and the nursing profession received their first donation. Without these people,...

Words: 1287 - Pages: 6

Premium Essay

Capital Punishment vs Human Rights

...state. These crimes were most of the time political as well as religious and the method of execution, in addition to different brutal ways, was mainly beheading. With additional types of crimes resulting in capital punishment and more sophisticated methods of execution, the death penalty has continued to be practiced in the 21st century. However, capital punishment, especially after the Universal Declaration of Human Rights in 1948, has became an issue of greater debate among states, human right organizations and other nongovernmental organizations. Since 1948, the number of countries employing death penalty is decreasing and currently nearly half of the states in our world have abandoned the death penalty for all kinds of crimes. This paper will focus on presenting the diverging views regarding capital punishment mainly from a human right perspective. The study then tries to present facts, figures, and tries to look in brief the move towards its universal abolition. As far as the methods and methodology employed...

Words: 4873 - Pages: 20

Free Essay

Political Discourse Between American and British Corpus

...A Comparative Study of Metaphor in British and United States of America (US) Political Discourse Student’s Name University Affiliation Comparative Study of Metaphor in British and United States of America (US) Political Discourse Abstract This study offers a research on the application of metaphor in the discourse of cultural and political aspects between these two countries; The United States of America and Great Britain. As a result, this is an analysis of the various factors related to the perspective in terms of the cultural and socio-political phenomenon, in which a lot of attention is placed on the elements ascertaining the pragmatic, variable, and cognitive details of the British and US's political discourses: The inaugural speeches of four US presidents and party political manifestos of two British political parties during the period between 1974 and 1997 are analysed. The main purpose of undertaking this kind of comparative study of the British and the American political discourses is quite evident, these discourses symbolize intriguing and complex methods of cultural values and political differences as depicted in the respective linguistic contexts. The key findings are that metaphors from the domains of conflict, journey and buildings are general across the divide. However, the British corpus contain metaphors that draw on the source domain of plants whereas the American corpus hugely draws on source domains like fire and light and the physical environments that are...

Words: 6092 - Pages: 25

Premium Essay

Pol300 - Cold War

...Ronald Reagan - The Cold War and U.S. Diplomacy POL30048GA050-1118-001 IR: The New World of International Relations October 24, 2011 Abstract In this assignment, I will write a three to five page paper on President Ronald Reagan doctrine of The Cold War and U.S. Diplomacy during his presidency. In addition, this paper will address the following: 1. Summarize a situation that required U.S. diplomatic efforts during the president’s time in office. 2. Explicate the diplomatic doctrine the president followed, with reference to specific actions or events that occurred. 3. Describe the effects of these diplomatic efforts for the U.S. and other countries. 4. Assess, in conclusion, the advantages and disadvantages of the particular doctrine that was followed. Ronald Reagan - The Cold War and U.S. Diplomacy In this assignment, I will discuss President Ronald Reagan’s position on The Cold War and U.S. Diplomacy during his presidency. First, let me define the terms “The Cold War”, and “U.S. Diplomacy”. The Cold War was a period of military and political tension between the United States and the Soviet Union after World War II. It was called the Cold War, because there was no direct fighting between the two powers. The term “U.S. Diplomacy” refers to a country’s ability or skill to negotiate on the international level between nations or groups of nations, or simply, it is political contact between national governments. Diplomacy is extremely important. It is the feedback...

Words: 2472 - Pages: 10

Premium Essay

Review Policy

...Indigenous Policy Journal Vol. XX, No. 3 (Fall 2009) Book Review Essay Reviewed texts: The Politics of Minor Concerns: American Indian Policy and Congressional Dynamics, by Charles Turner. University Press of America, 2005. Taking Charge: Native American Self-Determination and Federal Indian Policy, 1975-1993. George Pierre Castile. University of Arizona Press, 2006. Why has there been so little social science research trying to explain recent changes in Federal Indian policy, particularly given the dramatic shifts of the last 40 years? Since 1970 the previous policy of termination gave way to an evolving selfdetermination policy, a dramatically expanded role for tribal governments, and the emergence of large scale Indian gaming. Even with these striking changes - and the expansion of Indian affairs as a policy area – there have been only a handful of social science analyses of the Indian policy domain (most notably Gross 1989). Much recent scholarship in the area has been primarily descriptive or interpretive (Castile 1992, Bee 1992), with research commonly driven by area expertise rather than guided by policy related theory. In his nuanced and theoretically-driven account, Charles Turner argues that Indian policy, like many other areas, is a "minor concern" to both policymakers and policy analysts. As such, Indian policy often doesn't fit the conditions or provide the variables featured by main theoretical approaches to explaining policy outcomes more generally. Unlike...

Words: 2778 - Pages: 12

Free Essay

Organizational Change of the Chrysler Corporation in the 1978 Bailout and Lee Iacocca

...Organizational Change of the Chrysler Corporation in the 1978 Bailout and Lee Iacocca Dustin T. Embler BA 401 Research Paper/Case Study Abstract In the year 1978 one of the United States largest corporations was on the brink of financial crisis, the Chrysler Corporation. Hundreds of jobs, billions of taxpayer dollars, and the success of an American company all lay in the balance. Chrysler was overcome in debt due to its subpar decision making, increasing government regulations, and inability to compete with its domestic and foreign competition. Nevertheless, a hero arrived when Lee Iacocca joined as President of Chrysler to aid to its recovery in such adverse times. Fighting his way through the United States legislation for financial assistance to save Chrysler, Iacocca is able to successfully get the necessary legislation passed that will not only help him keep the company afloat but to also change the entire organization into a successful and profitable business in a matter of years. History of the Chrysler Corporation and Lee Iacocca “The Chrysler Corporation was founded in 1925 by Walter P. Chrysler, a former railroad mechanic who rose through the ranks of GM to lead the highly successful Buick Division. Chrysler did not get along well with William Durant, the founder and head of GM, and eventually left to form his own company (Braun).” “Always short of capital in this capital-intensive business, Chrysler was forced to build its cars largely of purchased parts...

Words: 3022 - Pages: 13

Premium Essay

Digital Photography

...Module 1: Digital Photography Critical Analysis Digital Photography 1. Introduction A sailor planting a wet one on a nurse, Man walking on the moon, a student standing up to a line of tanks, and the horrifying moment a plane crashed into a skyscraper. Figure 1 –"V-J Day, Times Square, 1945", a.k.a. "The Kiss" “Man on the Moon, Apollo 11, 1969” "Tiananmen Square, China, 1989" “9/11 Attacks, New York City, 2001” All of these iconic images from history would be nothing but memories without the invention of photography. The power of photography has allowed us to see distant places, events before our lifetime, people from foreign lands and tragedies including war; all through the view of a lens. In just under 200 years, photography has transformed the world we live in enabling us to see not only beyond the boundaries of time and location but also beyond the range of human vision through macro, infrared and high-speed photography. Figure 2 – High Speed Photography, Bullet shot through an apple   1   Module 1: Digital Photography Critical Analysis Photography has changed a lot since its inception, what once was a painstakingly slow process involving specialized equipment and chemicals has become a revolutionary digital medium accessible by virtually anyone. 2. A Brief History of Cameras While the founding ideas behind what would become photography date back as far as the ancient Romans, the real history of cameras starts in the 17th century. Photography’s...

Words: 2916 - Pages: 12