... Historical Development of Nursing Science Timeline Paper * Stacey Simmons * NUR/513 * February 3, 2014 Rebecca Gesler Historical Development of Nursing Science Timeline Paper The historical development of nursing science began with Florence Nightingale’s influential Notes on Nursing. The science of nursing has grown and developed into an academically sound and proven study of nursing care. In the 150 years following Florence Nightingale’s innovative approach to nursing care, many influential nursing theorists have emerged. This paper will discuss the Florence Nightingale, the pioneer theorists from the 1950’s, the transitional theorists from the 1960’s, and the research theorists from the 1990’s. The Historical Development of Nursing Science and Theory Nursing science and theory began with Florence Nightengale’s Notes on Nursing. Florence Nightingale is remembered for building the foundations of modern nursing establishing nursing as a profession. “Her book, Notes on Nursing (Nightingale 1859) first published in 1859, was the first nursing text book. She wrote the first modern nursing curriculum for St Thomas's Hospital, London when she instituted nurse education there in 1860 and followed these with a number of other books, reports and pamphlets. (Stanley, D., 2007). However, it would be decades before her insights, observations and educational model would be acknowledged as the first nursing theory. In the 1950’s Columbia...
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...Being Influential Janean Palaruan 3163435 Athabasca University NURS 432 Management and Leadership in Nursing Practice Lorena Stewart Not all individuals are naturally speaker. Some people have great ideas, but are unable to articulate it properly. Contrarily, there are others who are excellent in presenting their ideas. As a nurse, being able to express, articulate and explain ideas are keys to be able to share their knowledge to other health care professionals and influence others. It is also an acquired ability that helps nurses provide information to patient and their family on a mutual language. In fact, according to Kozier (2010), becoming influencing is “exercised through persuasion and excellent communication skills” (p. 540). As mentioned above, not all nurses are able to communicate properly. This paper will demonstrate how I can influence others into speaking out. My Message The subject of my message is about the Bill 10. This bill was recently passed by the government of Quebec on February 7, 2015 (National assembly, 2015). This bill is an “act to modify the organization and governance of the health and social services network, in particular by abolishing the regional agencies” (National Assembly, 2015, p.1). Basically, this bill will eliminate the bureaucracy section of the health care system and merging 182 institutions to 19 regional institutions in order to save money. However, this will affect not only the nurses, but also patients’ rights. I came...
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...Public Health Comparison Paper University Of Phoenix NUR/408 1 July 2012 Abstract This paper will provide information on county, state, and national public health resources and will describe the history of public health with related dates of pertinence. The differences between public and community health will also be discussed including influential individuals and significant historical events that have shaped the agencies and policies by which public health is directed. For purposes of comparison the public health departments relating specifically to disease prevention and control will be highlighted on a county, state and national level. Definitions The main objectives of public health resources “are the political and practical application of lessons learned from past successes and failures in disease control and the promotion of preventive measures to combat existing, evolving and re-emerging health threats and risks. Public health professionals address present and anticipated health problems in a complex world with great inequalities with specific targets which would help to achieve higher standards of health and a more just and socially responsible distribution of resources” (Tulchinsky & Varavikova, 2010). Public health encompasses a broad scope of health issues including the mental, physical, emotional, social, spiritual, and environmental aspects of health. Public health professionals are trained to occupy multiple roles within a complex framework. Public...
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...h Nursing Leadership Theoretical Perspectives of Change The question of leadership in nursing education is one that has been examined extensively in the past literatures. In this paper, various dimensions and aspects related to change in nursing leadership will be discussed in the following assignment. After the discussion of principles related to change, it will be then followed with an analysis of actions and strategies used in a capacity building project aimed at developing novice nurse academics' research skills. Theories of transformational leadership, and contingency theory of leadership, highlighted, in relation to the processes used, thus illustrating the application of theory to the practice of nursing leadership in the academy. Kurt Lewin was one of the first social psychologists who developed a way to observe the change that has proven skilled for managers and action-oriented employees. His approach was called Force Field Analysis, and, said that any situation can be considered in a state of equilibrium resulting from the balance of force that pushes each other constantly. To initiate change someone has to act to change the existing balance of forces which are: 1. To increase the force for change 2. By reducing the intensity of the forces that resists and total removal of them becomes necessary. 3. With the change in the direction of a force that transforms a resistance to pressure for change (Courtney, 2004). Strategies used...
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...who are aging at an increasing rate, it is likely that hospitals will experience a shortage in nursing. It is necessary to have ongoing education for nurses so that to make sure the currency of knowledge so that to enable evidence-based customer care. The education cost is high to both the individual and the organization; therefore, it should be cost effective, appropriate, and relevant (Jacob, & Cherry, 2005). Research indicates that education for nurses is not always planned and developed systematically, and it relies on the interest and assessment area of the nurse educators. According to this paper, it will aim at identifying, analyzing, and assessing the educational needs at LewisGale (LG), which is a long term care facility. This paper will help determine the educational needs that should be addressed and challenges that long term facilities are currently facing. Residential Care Residential care provides care in facilities also known as nursing homes. This is a place where people requiring continual nursing care with significant deficiencies with daily living activities. Residential care can be referred to as a place for individuals who do not require care at hospitals, but cannot be cared for in their own homes. The residential care is set up like a hospital with staff that provide medical care and also speech, physical, and occupational therapy. Skilled nurses and the nursing aides are available on 24-hours a day. In order to study the educational needs...
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...Typing Template for APA Papers: A Sample of Proper Formatting for the APA 6th Edition Student A. Sample Grand Canyon University: <Course> <Date> <Note: Even though APA does not require the date on a title page, it is a requirement for GCU papers.> In 1970, the National Academy of Science decided organize a nonprofit committee, that would conduct in depth studies in an unbiased, influential way; called the Institute of Medicine (IOM). This organization ran for about 38 years when the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation (RWJF) offered their assistance in evaluating the need transform the nursing workforce. The IOM and RWJF then published a report, two years later, called The Future of Nursing: Leading Change, Advancing Health; hoping to aid the already changing health care system. The study found that the need for health care professionals will rise while the number of patients, with broad spectrums of needs, will also rapidly increase. It also discovered that the number of medical students is declining. The Future of Nursing highlights ideas on why increasing the number of nurses with baccalaureate degrees is important to the changing system, how to balance out the ratio of patients to providers and the essentials of nurses embracing their leadership skills; to utilize those qualities to become leaders. The IOM believes that more Bachelors of Science and Nursing (BSN) prepared nurses are needed, even though some studies argue that clinical experience...
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...Care Theory Compare and Contrast Paper Jean Watson’s Theory of human caring is based on transpersonal relationships and developing a caring environment that offers the development potential while allowing the person to choose the best course of action. Through interactions with others we learn how to recognize ourselves in others. Watson believes that through these interactions humanity is preserved. John Paley’s article A Slave Morality: Nietzchean themes in nursing ethics criticizes Watson’s theory that caring is central to nursing. The purpose of this paper is to compare and contrast John Paley’s article to Jean Watson’s Commentary on Shattle M (2004) Nurse-patient interaction: A review of the literature. A discussion of Watson’s background and care theory; John Paley’s background, and a brief discussion Friedich Nietzschen’s major philosophical beliefs. Jean Watson’s background Jean Watson was born in West Virginia in 1940. She graduated from the University of Colorado where she earned her BSN, MS, and in 1973 her PhD. Dr. Watson is widely published and has received many awards and honors. She is a distinguished professor of nursing and endowed chair in Caring Health Science. She is also a fellow at the American Academy of nursing. Watson’s research specialized in loss and human caring. She developed the Theory of Transpersonal Caring, which is also referred to as The Caring Model in the late 1970’s. Her theory evolved over many years, but the principles have remained...
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...patient/nurse incidents and traumas, I decided that assisting her while she recovers from her injuries would be an excellent experience for this essay. My paper will focus on post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) as well as nurses who work with mental patients. The long-term effects on nurses caused by mental patients are a very influential part of the nurses’ lives. After assisting my aunt, a recent victim and candidate for PTSD, I hope to gain a better understanding and respect for these nurses, as well as witnessing first-hand what being a victim truly means. Depression and Anxiety contained a research article about PTSD in nurses. Their research did not include nurses who have experienced a traumatic event, as my aunt has, but, nevertheless, is related to my topic. The research suggests that nurses in general are more likely to develop degrees of PTSD just from the trials and tribulations of their jobs than people in other, lower-stress jobs. Also, several nurses experience trauma and death as an everyday aspect of their job, which can result in PTSD as easily as being a victim can. Nursing, especially in high risk positions such as my aunt’s, can result in symptoms of PTSD. My aunt is at an even higher risk to developing this disorder due to the recent trauma she experienced at the hand of a patient. The Journal of Advanced Nursing also contained articles with insights into PTSD, trauma victims, and working with mental patients. One article discussed the bio-physiological, cognitive...
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...Critique Paper Theory of Culture Care Diversity and Universality University of Virginia Theoretical Foundation of Nursing Abstract The Cultural Care Diversity and Universality Theory provides a conceptual framework to discover and explain diversities and similarities of care practices, within a cultures context. The theory is highly complex, and has many levels of scope, in relation to human cultures and nursing worldwide. Culture care is applicable to any culture and many diverse settings. The theory is accessible as a guide to research and can lead to empirical precision. The Sunrise Enabler provides a “visual map” that depicts the multi-factoring influences of culture described in the Culture Care Theory. The United States has become a very pluralistic society and continues to grow in international and ethnic diversity daily. In 2006, Louis Kincannon, Census Bureau Director, stated that “about one in three U.S. residents is a minority.” In 2006, of the United States population, 66% were white or European, 15% Hispanic America, 13% African America, 5% Asian American, and 0.4% Native American (United States Census Bureau, 2006). By 2020 they project that only 53% of the U.S. population is going to be white of European descent. In addition, by 2020 the Hispanic Americans and Asian Americans will triple, while the number of African Americans is expected to double (U.S. Census Bureau, 2006). Considering these statistics, it is imperative that the nursing workforce...
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...to clarify the events through nursing practice. A concept analysis provides insight to nursing knowledge and understanding of the concepts allows nurses to determine nursing actions (George, 2011). Quality of Life Quality of life (QOL) is a contemporary phrase which was first heard after the Second World War and, since then, has been frequently used but not well explained (Meeberg, 1993). Most theorists have at least an unexpressed belief that human health and QOL are associated closely. It is the interest of most healthcare providers to promote QOL for those who are seeking help. However, nurses cannot work with clients to attain QOL if the goal is unclear (Meeberg, 1993). Both Virginia Henderson and Rosemarie Parse are influential nursing theorists that share a common concept of QOL. This paper will explore perspectives in regards to QOL between these two theorists. Henderson’s Theory Virginia Henderson believed humans have universal needs of water, air, and food for survival, and everyone plays a part of the contribution to the well-being of each other leading to the creation of a healthy society. Nurses care for patients, sick or well until they can care for themselves independently. However, for the very young and very old, nursing care is needed in particular circumstances (Hargrove-Huttel, 1988). Four metaparadigm concepts of person, environment, health, and nursing share common viewpoints by nursing theorists and how they impact nursing practice (George, 2011). Henderson...
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...How Does Psychology Apply to Nursing in Parkinsons Amanda Mowery Psychology 101 Ms. Terry June 5, 2013 The Parkinsons Patient The Parkinsons patient, a farely new term in the medical industry, although Parkinsons has been around for awhile, it really did not come to the front of the line in a medical conversation, but it is now a front running disease in the medical world. In this research paper, we were asked to pick a topic that might be influential in our nursing career. The reason why I picked this certain topic is that my father is afflictated with this disease and as a nurse, I would like to provide him with the most knowledge, treatment and possible prevention methods that I can find or learn about. I have done a lot of research on this specific topic and have gain a lot of knowledge in the process. I am familiar with the signs and symptoms of this disease and what researchers thinks might be the initial cause of the disease. First I would like to explain what Parkinsons disease is. Parkinsons disease is a neurodegenerative disease that is progressive in the brain. The neurons that we have in our brains are what sends signals to other body parts to perform a specific function. In Parkinsons patients these functions become delayed or excessive. The neurons that everyone has have small threadlike projections called dendrites that send out electrical signals from the brain. These signals produce movement of the...
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...Future Of Nursing Elizabeth Lang NRS 430V November 4, 2012 The Affordable Care Act (ACA) enacted into law in 2010, is expected help the 32 million people without insurance in the United States healthcare sector. In 2008, the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation (RWJF) approached the Institute of Medicine (IOM) proposed a partnership to assess and respond to the need to transform the nursing profession to meet the upcoming new challenges and needs from the ACA. After two years of intense discussions and consultations, they released in 2010 a report on the future of nursing. According to the report The Future of Nursing: Leading Change, Advancing Health, “The committee envisions a future system that makes quality care accessible to the diverse populations of the United States, intentionally promotes wellness and disease prevention, reliably improves health outcomes, and provides compassionate care across the lifespan. In this envisioned future, primary care and prevention are central drivers of the health care system. Interprofessional collaboration and coordination are the norm”(IOM, page 2). Currently, with 3 million nurses in practice, nurses make up the largest segment of health care workers. “Nurses thus are poised to help bridge the gap between coverage and access, to coordinate increasingly complex care for a wide range of patients, to fulfill their potential as primary care providers to the full extent of their education and training, and to enable the full economic...
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...The Role of Nursing Advocacy Across all Healthcare Settings Nursing is an autonomous profession where lives are saved every day. Nursing advocacy can affect patient outcomes. As the nursing profession evolves and responsibilities increase, it is necessary to better understand the concept of nursing advocacy. The role of advocacy is not new for the nursing profession, but the nature of advocacy in the nursing practice remains ambiguous. Nurses are obligated to act as an advocate for their patients, but there is lack of clarity on how to perform this role. The purpose of this paper is to better understand nursing advocacy and to explore ways it is practiced across all fields of nursing in order to promote improved patient care. Advocacy is an essential role for the nursing profession; however, it can be affected by many factors. The goal of advocacy is to balance the relationship between the healthcare system and the patients who are served by evaluating patient/family needs, providing information and education, ensuring access to proper care and supporting the patient and family’s decision within the structure of a multidisciplinary team. This paper will explore the following research question: What are the variables that affect the role of nursing advocacy and in what ways is it practiced across all fields of nursing? Review of Literature Introduction The general topic of the review of literature is nursing advocacy. We are examining and exploring a clearer definition...
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...Historical Development of Nursing Timeline International Council of Nurses (ICN) definition of nursing is - “collaborative care of individuals of all ages, families, groups and communities, sick or well and in all settings. Nursing includes the promotion of health, prevention of disease, and the care of ill, disabled and dying people. Advocacy, promotion of a safe environment, research, participation in shaping health policy and in patient and health systems management, and education are also key nursing roles” (International Council of Nurses, 2014). Florence Nightingale is considered to be the most influential person in nursing. Not only did Nightingale played an essential role in reforming nursing at the time but also laid the foundation for nursing as a profession. Prior to F. Nightingale in development of mankind, nursing has been linked to traditions of caring (Egenes, 2009). Nursing originated from intuitive approach to treat the sick and it was based on instinctive actions rather than formal education. The role of caregivers was typically assigned to women for their nurturing and caring ways to take care of their children, and was believed that they could be nurturing to others (Potter, 2013). Early development of medicine and nursing as we know started in pre-biblical times with Egyptians who have mastered the art of embalming the bodies dating as far as 4000 B.C., to Indians who were able to describe disease types and developed a process of disease diagnosis...
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...Institute of Medicine 2010 Report Guiding the Future of Nursing Susi Rubendall Grand Canyon University: NRS-430V-0506 February 22, 2015 Nurses are critical to the future health and healthcare of America. The enactment of the Affordable Care Act (ACA) calls for a transformation of healthcare to provide a safer, more affordable, more accessible and higher quality of healthcare. Central to these goals is high quality nursing care and practice. In 2008 the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation (RWJF) asked the Institute of Medicine (IOM) to become a partner to examine and consider what it would take to radically change and address the biggest issues of healthcare, cost and improved care. This ground breaking and far reaching collaborative effort resulted in the presentation in 2010 of a cohesive document “The Future of Nursing: Leading Change, Advancing Health”. The report focused on recommendations for improvements which include nursing’s important role in improving healthcare in America. This paper will look at the impact of the IOM 2010 report on nursing practice, nursing education and nursing leadership. Impact on Nursing Practice Nurses as the largest part of the healthcare workforce are poised to have an important role in transforming healthcare to provide quality care and improve health outcomes in America. An important message of the IOM report is the Key Message #1: Nurses should practice to the full extent of their education and training...
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