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BIO 182L – Angiosperms Lab Report

1. Q2, p.335 (1 pt). a. How many carpels (locules) are apparent?

-One carpel is apparent.

b. How many ovules are developing in each locule?

-There is one ovule in each locule.

2. Q4, p. 339 (1 pt). a. OMIT

b. Can you see vegetative and generative nuclei in the pollen tubes?

-Yes.

3. Q5, p. 342 (1 pt). a. Why is the endosperm being digested?

-It is providing nourishment for the zygote or baby plant.

b. Is Capsella a monocot or dicot? How can you tell?

-Capsella is a dicot. You can tell this because the embryo has two cotyledons (seeds).

4. Q7, p. 343 (1 pt). a. OMIT

b. OMIT

5. Q8, p. 344 and Q9, p. 344 (1 pt.) a. Does the pod appear to be a single carpel with one cavity containing seeds?

-Yes.

b. Is the micropyle near the attachment of the seed to the pod?

-Yes.

Q9 a. Before today would you have referred to the uncracked sunflower achene as a fruit? Why or why not?

-No I wouldn’t have referred to an uncracked sunflower achene as a fruit because it never registered as having seeds to me before. I also never really thought about it but now that I do it’s very obvious that it is.

b. Is sunflower a monocot or dicot?

-A sunflower is a dicot.

6. Q11 a, p. 346 (1 pt). a. How many carpels are fused to form an apple?

-Five carpels fuse to form an apple.

7. Q1, p.346 (1 pt). What is meant by “double fertilization”? - OMIT

8. Purple box, p. 346 (1 pt). What are the functions of a flower? Describe how a flower of you choice is adapted to each function?

-Flowers are responsible for reproduction. A flower such as a lily has six stamen, three petals, three petal-like sepals, and a carpel with a three-chambered ovary. The stamen contains the male gametes which are pollen grains. The sepals protect the developing flower. The colorful flowers petals attract insects to pollinate the flower, and the carpal contains the ovary and ovule which become pollinated when the pollen grains stick to the top of the carpel (stigma).

9. What advantages does the structure of a flower give angiosperms over gymnosperms? (1 pt).

-The structure of a flower gives angiosperms an advantage over gymnosperms. Unlike gymnosperms whose pollen and seeds are much less protected from the elements, flowers keep their reproductive organs safe. Instead of dispersing spores into the environment, flowers retain them inside of the ovule and anthers where the gametophytes grow. This gives the new plant a much better higher survival rate.

10. Draw 3 fruit (including 1 dry fruit) observed in lab. Describe a probable method of dispersal for each (1 pt).

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