...“Midnight’s Children” by Salman Rushdie Summary Analysis Shanell Smith Cappa Barry University “Midnight’s Children” by Salman Rushdie In the beginning of “Midnight’s Children”, within the chapter referred to as “The Perforated Sheet”, Salman Rushdie explains the importance of the time and date of his birth, which coincided with the “precise moment of India’s arrival at independence” (Salman Rushdie 2006) on August 15, 1947. Salman goes on to claim that his birth was the fate of the country, signifying his urgeobligation to tell his stories before his death, which he believes is soon. In the first paragraph, Salman Rushdie starts off with stating “once upon a time”, (Salman Rushdie 2006) which is generally a fairytale line. This seems to imply that Salman is delusional, or takes a telepathic entity where he is able to speak to the other “Midnight’s Children” in order to create a story for himself. Salman believes that he and the other “Midnight Children” are the fate of the country, and that their history is directly impacted by the country, as well as the country’s history being directly impacted by them. Salman uses a wide array of rhetorical devices throughout the first few pages of “Midnight’s Children” such as metaphor, analogy, and imagery. Salman uses “Midnight’s Children”, the title of the novel, as a metaphor. He is saying that the children that were born at the time of India’s independence, are in fact claimed by midnight and the country. Another example...
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...Salman Rushdie's creation, Saleem Sinai, has a self-proclaimed "overpowering desire for form" (363). In writing his own autobiography Saleem seems to be after what Frank Kermode says every writer is a after: concordance. Concordance would allow Saleem to bring meaning to moments in the "middest" by elucidating (or creating) their coherence with moments in the past and future. While Kermode talks about providing this order primarily through an "imaginatively predicted future" (8), Saleem approaches the project by ordering everything in his past into neat, causal relationships, with each event a result of what preceded it. While he is frequently skeptical of the true order of the past, he never doubts its eminence; he is certain that everyone is "handcuffed to history" (482). His belief in the preeminence of the past, though, is distinctly different than the reality of time for the Saleem who emerges through that part of the novel that Gerard Genette calls "the event that consists of someone recounting something" (26) (Saleem-now, we can call this figure). Saleem-now is motivated to act not by the past, but instead by the uncertainty and ambiguity of the future. Saleem's construction of his own story is an effort to mitigate the lack of control he feels in looking toward the unknown future. To pacify himself he creates a world that is ordered but this world is contrary to his own reality. Saleem spends much of his energy in the story setting up neat causal relationships between...
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...Aliasgar Hussain Ms. Pugliese ENG4U 27/05/2016 Midnight’s Children – Parable of a Nation Salman Rushdie’s post-colonial dictation of historical fiction is enriched by thematic adaptations of magical realism, metaphysics, and a miraculous perception to refract India’s struggle as truly a birth which establishes a shift in age. Rushdie’s satirical literary approach is stylistically equivalent to Voltaire’s Candide, and Marquez’s One Hundred Years of Solitude, but it implements particular abstract concepts through an allegorical structure. By using a diverse variety of characters, Rushdie is able to feature ciphers or metaphors for qualities, sins, behaviors, and specifically historical events which are materialised through character actions, appearances, and speech. The synchronized birth of Saleem Sinai and the nation of India, sets off a relation between the two, as the events that proceed are concurrent to both. Saleem’s encounters are magnified at a larger scale to re-enact post-colonial Indian history. Rushdie's allegory is not of the country as that might be imagined to subsist beyond the world of texts, but of the nation as already mediated by the pretext of national history. This is Indian history in its canonical form. Significant Indian historical events which shaped the nation’s cultural, political, and social position are all materialised, such as the violent process of secularization/partition, India’s genealogy, and the national emergency of 1975. To clearly...
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...knowing the causes of why so many youth end up in juvenile delinquency. Based on an Article back on 1999, students between the ages of 12 and 18 approximately 186,000 where victims of violence crime in school and 476,000 while away from school (National Center for Educational Statistics 2001). That is a situation that should have not be acceptable, one of the biggest causes of Juvenile Delinquency is the lack of attention that parents give to their children. There are parents who give poor directions to children, fail to structure their behavior and do not reward or punish appropriately. “…our prediction was that the highest levels of antisocial behavior would occur where poor attachment between parent and child was combined with poor controls.” (Hoge, Andrews, and Leschied, 1994, p. 547). Two other causes are a child being abuse physically and mentally at an early age, and low self-esteem. There are many much factors and causes that if we all take in consideration and with the help of the government we can help our youth to children of good and grow with being...
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...Activity | Hazards | Likelihood | Severity | Controls | Drawing (Arts and craft) | Sharp pencilsPaper cuts | 22 | 44 | Make sure pencils are not too sharp.Cello tape paper down to tables | Dinner time | Chocking on foodSharp utensils | 31 | 35 | Make sure food is cut up small enough for child not to choke on itDon’t leave utensils out or misplace sharp ones | Reading to children | Fall asleep and suffocateTry eating books | 11 | 35 | Make sure child doesn’t fall asleep sitting upDo not let children read books unsupervised | Taking children to toilets | Not cleaning child properlySlip on water | 32 | 34 | Making sure the child has been cleaned properly to prevent cross contaminationMake sure children are supervised | Playtime | Eat sand Weather | 23 | 43 | Make sure child is supervised at all timesMake sure child is correctly dressed at all times | P3: Carry out a risk assessment in a health or social care setting. M2: Assess the hazards identified in the health and social care setting. D1: Make recommendations in relation to the identified hazards to minimise the risks to the service user group. In this assignment I will be talking about the risk assessment that I carried out in a nursery. I will be talking about the risks that could take place and how likely it would be of the risk to take place, also I will be talking about the severity of the risk. A risk assessment is simply a careful examination of what, in your work, could cause harm to people, so that...
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...knowing the causes of why so many youth end up in juvenile delinquency. Based on an Article back on 1999, students between the ages of 12 and 18 approximately 186,000 where victims of violence crime in school and 476,000 while away from school (National Center for Educational Statistics 2001). That is a situation that should have not be acceptable, one of the biggest causes of Juvenile Delinquency is the lack of attention that parents give to their children. There are parents who give poor directions to children, fail to structure their behavior and do not reward or punish appropriately. “…our prediction was that the highest levels of antisocial behavior would occur where poor attachment between parent and child was combined with poor controls.” (Hoge, Andrews, and Leschied, 1994, p. 547). Two other causes are a child being abuse physically and mentally at an early age, and low self-esteem. There are many much factors and causes that if we all take in consideration and with the help of the government we can help our youth to children of good and grow with being descent. References Sharon Mandel Ilanna. (2008). what causes Juvenile Delinquency? Retrieved from http://www.filthylucre.com/what-causes-juvenile-delinquency Schaefer Schiumo, Ginsberg Kristin, Potraka Amy (Eds). (2003, Aug) The Effectiveness of the warning signs Programming Educating Youth about Violence Prevention: A Study with Urban High School Students. (Vol.7, Issue 1, p1-8....
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...Chapter 15 1. Father of the country 2. “houses of refuge” 3. reform school 4. Illinois Juvenile Court Act 5. • The state is the “higher or ultimate parent” of all the children within its borders. • Children are worth saving, and nonpunitive procedures should be used to save the child. • Children should be nurtured. While the nurturing process is under way, they should be protected from the stigmatizing impact of formal adjudicatory procedures. • To accomplish the goal of reformation, justice needs to be individualized; that is, each child is different, and the needs, aspirations, living conditions, and so on of each child must be known in their individual particulars if the court is to be helpful. • Noncriminal procedures are necessary to give primary consideration to the needs of the child. The denial of due process can be justified in the face of constitutional challenges because the court acts not to punish, but to help. 6. Status offenses 7. • Notice, to comply with due process requirements, must be given sufficiently in advance of scheduled court proceedings so that reasonable opportunity to prepare will be afforded. • The probation officer cannot act as counsel for the child. His role in the adjudicatory hearing, by statute and in fact, is as arresting officer and witness against the child. There is no material difference in this respect between adult and juvenile proceedings...
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...delinquent behavior in some form exists in the majority of the youth present in the world today. Why juveniles present such behavior is an ongoing topic of discussion for law enforcement officials and agencies. There are many programs geared toward helping juveniles to cope with their issues and receive the help and treatment needed to be successful in life. In the city of Petersburg, Virginia there is a Firesetters Program. This program addresses the problem of fires set by children. A Juvenile Firesetter is a child typically between the ages of 4 and 14 who exhibits an unusual interest or curiosity in fires, or a child with a history of fire play. This program also seeks to find the reason behind the setting of fires or what triggers the child to set fires. Some reasons could be the divorce of parents, frustration, anger, loneliness, a crisis at home, death, or issues or problems at school ( City of Petersburg, 2015). This program also meets with the parents and the child or children to conduct confidential sessions with the Public Educator or Fire Marshal. An interview is conducted to try to find out how long the problem has existed, the primary reason for it, and the dangers associated with it. An evaluation is done and follow up visits are scheduled for the child. Another diversion program in the state of Virginia is the Community Services Program. This program allows youth to work without pay in a government or non-profit agency and it is an ...
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...Healthy Children.org Attention spans of 6- to 9-year-olds are still short (no joke), and there is difficulty trying to process information from many sources. Most of these children still need a more in-depth form of show-and tell for instruction. Do not expect them to remember long, detailed directions and carry them out completely, or you risk an episode of brain overload. Unrealistic expectations from instructors can lead to unpleasant situations if children are not able to complete a laundry list of plays. Visual and verbal teaching in short segments is a much more successful approach. Instructors and children feel a sense of accomplishment when many small tasks are completed successfully rather than partially completing a large, complicated task. Remember, some of us are still memory-challenged as adults and can’t even remember a grocery list without writing it down. Thank goodness for little sticky notes. Sports and activities with complex skills require quick assessment of a situation, rapid decision making, and mature levels of transitional skills. Examples of a few of these sports are the more advanced forms of soccer, basketball, hockey, volleyball, baseball, water polo, softball, lacrosse, and football. By all means, kids can be learning the basics of these sports at young ages, but do not expect high levels of performance in most kids in this age group because the development of their memory and complex thinking patterns is still limited. As usual, there are...
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...Juvenile Delinquency Every day child abuse and neglect takes it's toll on innocent young lives. Nearly five children die everyday in America from their abuse. ("National children," 2011) Not only does child abuse leave it's victims with physical and emotional scars, but it also cripples their chances of leading normal happy lives. Many of these children tend to lean towards unhealthy social behavior as a way to cope with their abuse, which in turn may make them a juvenile delinquent. Child abuse is not a recent development. It has existed for thousands of years. However parents and society from thousands of years ago saw no problem with the way their children and other people's children were being disciplined. In fact children in that time had little to no rights and were mostly considered a nuisance and unimportant. Luckily for children today that opinion has changed. Unfortunately there are still thousands of children out there who are considered a nuisance and unimportant to their parent or guardian. Although physical abuse is the most critical, there are other types that can be just as damaging and leave their own set of scars. Other forms of abuse include emotional abuse, neglect, and sexual abuse. It's hard to say whether one form is more damaging than another. All forms of abuse can cause a child to have difficulties later on in life. Some of these difficulties may include damage to a child's sense of self, their ability to maintain healthy relationships, and their...
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...specific delinquency problem must accept the fact that it is a long and thoughtful process, often one of discouragement and delay. It is expensive in terms of money, time and effort. It need hardly be pointed out, however, that the results of delinquency are twice as costly. From all our knowledge of delinquents and delinquency, there is no reassuring evidence of a formula or recipe for prevention. What emerges clearly, from many studies and reports and surveys, is that delinquent behaviour must be the concern of the entire community, not just dismissed as a problem to be handled by local schools, churches, police courts or professional agencies. It should be recognized as their problem by the citizens of a community even when their own children are not remotely involved. But in many big cities in the world, the very word community is a mockery and without true meaning. Most urban centres are not communities in any real sense of the word. Therefore, in just such an instance, a beginning must be made at the very level where delinquency occurs-on the block, in a neighbourhood, in a district. The very lack of a community, a word...
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...ethical dilemma central to the plot of the movie. The ethical dilemma portrayed was the fear tactics used by the CEO of Monsters, Inc., Mr. Henry J. Waternoose to keep the employees from forming relationships with children. Mr. Waternoose has created a culture of fear among his employees by creating the Child Detection Agency to remove contamination caused by children. Mr. Waternoose knows that the threat of toxicity does not exist, as depicted in the scene where Waternoose simply picks up the human child when the child first enters his sight. All other monsters run upon first sight of the child but because Waternoose is responsible for creating this culture of fear, he knows the child is not toxic. 2. How does the movie resolve the ethical dilemma? I was amazed at the ease of how the ethical dilemmas presented in this film were resolved. The issue was resolved at the end of the movie with the disbandment of the CDA, and the scenes of free floating toys from human world to monster world. All monsters easily accepted the truth that children are not toxic, nor have they ever been toxic. 3. Think of alternate solutions and how they might have changed the story. Alternative Solution: At Monsters Inc. all the monsters had this myth that the children are toxic. If they would have start meetings devoted to letting people watch at a distance the nonexistent effects of the myth. Letting people see with their own eyes the myth dissolving is at times enough to persuade...
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...youth. Living the life of a challenged child hood is some of the factors that may contribute to the factors of juvenile delinquency. The children of the future are in trouble of being locked up before they get a chance to live their life. “Today, Juvenile facilities nationwide hold some 104,000 offenders” (Cannon, Beiser, 2004, p.29). Out of the 21 million that live in the United States the stated number from above is questionable. Why are there so many, is there a reason for this, and what is being done to understand this? These are questions that may pop into your head as read the first statement. Technologies, pressure from parents, acceptance from society are three factors that contribute to juvenile delinquency. First we begin with the pressures of parents or the pressures that they may apply to their children. I read an article that the author says it best. We live in a society that often puts too much stress on financial success and not enough on personal well-being. Because of this parents understandably can over-focus on guiding their children towards a lucrative career rather than giving them time and space to find their own path in life. (Steve, 2008) I agree with this statement whole heartedly because it is being done all the time by parents. So to another contributing factor that the parents are showing their children that financial responsibility is almost more important than the issues of life, such as being a good human being and showing compassion to other...
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...statement: “working with agencies reach a 99% reunification of children and youth through family stability and a successful goal toward adoption.” Proposed Project: Barbu’s Foundation is a nonprofit human services advocacy organization which is legally constituted to support or engage in activities of public interest without any external commercial or monetary profit. The organization sole purpose is to help remedy the increased problem of juvenile delinquency problems in Philadelphia lessening the burdens of the local and federal governments, lessening neighborhood tensions; elimination prejudice and discrimination; defending human and civil rights secured by laws; and combating community deterioration and juvenile delinquency. Philadelphia as any other big city in the United States is struggling with delinquency of juvenile. It is our mission to help these young people by working with other agencies in the county who share our mission minimized this problem. Amount of grant requested: $1000, 000 PROJECT NEED Barbu’s Foundation will address the increasing problem of Juvenile delinquency that is brought about by the problems of broken homes, poverty, and single parenthood. The Philadelphia Department of Human Services (DHS) primarily work with delinquent youth and children in the city, but studies have shown that they are overwhelmed by the increased in this phenomena, and about 15% of youth and children in this category fall between the cracks. According to statistics...
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...Juvenile Offenders: Children Worth Giving a Second Chance Sarah Kee COM/156 June 13, 2012 “Young people are not only disproportionately the perpetrators of crime; they are also disproportionately the victims of crime”—Kelly Richards. When I think about the severity of crime, my last thought is that a child would commit such thing. When that does happen, it comes as a shock to me. Although I do agree that a juvenile should be punished for their wrong doings, I don’t agree with that way the law handles things. Juvenile offenders charged as adults are being robbed of their lives and deserve to get a second chance to make better decisions. My Take on How the Law Handles Juveniles Offenders From a personal standpoint, I can’t help but disagree with how the law sometimes takes its course. In this case, my matter of contention is juveniles being charged as adults for severe crimes. That’s not the only problem, not only are they being charged as adults, but also they are being sent to these adult prisons to serve time. I don’t want to give off the wrong impression that I feel it’s alright for children to commit such severe crimes and not have some source of consequence. The controversy here is to look at the big picture and consider another alternative for the problem. I’m aware of the severity of one committing a homicide or even a sexual assault, especially for it to be a child. That intuition comes from somewhere though. Causes of Juvenile Abomination There are a few...
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