...Explain the following; I. VLIW architecture II. Superscalar processor TABLE OF CONTENTS MOI UNIVERSITY................................................................1. QUESTION.............................................................................1. TABLE OF CONTENTS.........................................................2. INTRODUCTION....................................................................3. VERY LONG INSTRUCTION WORD...................................3. WHY VLIW?............................................................................4. IMPLEMENTATION ADVANTAGES OF VLIW.................5. SUPERSCALAR ......................................................................6. EXAMPLES OF SUPERSCALAR ORGANIZATION............7. HOW TO IMPLEMENT THE IDEA.........................................7. BASIC SUPERSCALAR CONCEPTS......................................8. CONCLUSION...........................................................................8. REFERENCES............................................................................9. INTRODUCTION In the mid 1990s, IC fabrication technology was advanced enough to allow unprecedented implementations of computer architectures on a single chip. Also, the current rate of process advancement allows implementations to be improved at a rate that is satisfying for most of the markets these implementations serve. In particular, the vendors of general-purpose microprocessors are competing...
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... While this module can only contain a very small portion of what the jury heard in the five‐month trial, we identify the most important points presented to the jury through a careful review of the trial transcripts and selected interviews with attorneys who were in the courtroom on a daily basis. Unless otherwise noted, all facts and statements are based on actual trial transcripts. Background The $500 million accounting fraud at Phar‐Mor, Inc., led to the bankruptcy of one of the largest private companies in the United States in 1992. As a result of the company’s fraud and subsequent failure, charges were filed against both Phar‐Mor’s management and the company’s auditors. Phar‐Mor’s former management was collectively fined just over $1 million, and two former members of Phar‐Mor management received prison sentences. The company’s former auditors, Coopers & Lybrand LLP (Coopers), faced claims of more than $1 billion, although final settlements were a small fraction of that amount. Even though Phar‐Mor’s management, the plaintiffs’ attorneys, or anyone else associated with the case never alleged the auditors knowingly participated in the Phar‐Mor fraud, on February 14, 1996, a jury found Coopers liable under a fraud claim. The crux of this fraud charge was that Coopers made representations recklessly without regard to whether they were true or false, which legally...
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... Submitted by: K. Nabachandra Singha Very-Long Instruction Word (VLIW) Computer Architecture ABSTRACT VLIW architectures are distinct from traditional RISC and CISC architectures implemented in current mass-market microprocessors. It is important to distinguish instruction-set architecture—the processor programming model—from implementation—the physical chip and its characteristics. VLIW microprocessors and superscalar implementations of traditional instruction sets share some characteristics—multiple execution units and the ability to execute multiple operations simultaneously. The techniques used to achieve high performance, however, are very different because the parallelism is explicit in VLIW instructions but must be discovered by hardware at run time by superscalar processors. VLIW implementations are simpler for very high performance. Just as RISC architectures permit simpler, cheaper high-performance implementations than do CISCs, VLIW architectures are simpler and cheaper than RISCs because of further hardware simplifications. VLIW architectures, however, require more compiler support. INTRODUCTION AND MOTIVATION Currently, in the mid 1990s, IC fabrication technology is advanced enough to allow unprecedented implementations of computer architectures on a single chip. Also, the current rate of process advancement allows implementations to be improved at a rate that is satisfying for most of the markets these implementations serve...
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...Original article Using handhelds in a Jigsaw cooperative learning environment C.-Y. Laià & C.-C. Wuw ÃDepartment of Information and Computer Education, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, and National Taichung Nursing College, Taichung, Taiwan wDepartment of Information and Computed Education, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan Abstract This paper reports our implementation of a handheld wireless environment to support Jigsaw cooperative learning activities in a college setting. A quasi-experimental research design was conducted to investigate the effects of using handhelds, as well as issues associated with the use of handheld technology. Two intact classes of fourth-year students from a five-year junior nursing college participated in the experiment. Our findings showed that handheld tools enhanced both students’ attitudes and performance in learning, and promoted better interactions among students and instructors. We also found that the handheld technology was not sophisticated enough to support cooperative learning goals without full support from a technology specialist. collaboration, empirical, handhelds, ICT use, nursing, post-secondary. Keywords Introduction With recent advances in wireless communication technology and mobile devices, the application of handheld technology in education is expected to increase. Handhelds, also known as palmtop computers, were originally designed as personal organizers or note takers, and now offers...
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...manufacturers to access innovative ideas and solutions from users. Idea competitions build on the nature of competition as a means to encourage users to participate at an open innovation process, to inspire their creativity, and to increase the quality of the submissions. When the contest ends, submissions are evaluated by an expert panel. Users whose submissions score highest receive an award from the manufacturer, which is often granted in exchange for the right to exploit the solution in its domain. Following the idea of evolutionary prototyping, we developed a TIC in cooperation with a manufacturer of sports goods. The TIC was launched as a pilot in one of the company’s markets. Submissions were evaluated using the consensual assessment technique. The evaluation of this study provides suggestions for further research, but also implications for managers willing to explore TIC in their organization. 1. Introduction T o acquire information from (potential) customers about their preferences, requirements, and needs is routinely stressed as a prerequisite for successful new product development (NPD) (Katila and Ahuja, 2002; von Zedtwitz and Gassmann, 2002; Urban, 2005). The dominating measure to access this information is market research. But although sometimes enormous amounts are spend for market research, new product success is often...
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...Forecasting Forecasting is one of the most important business functions because all other business decisions are based on a forecast of the future. Poor forecasting results in incorrect business decisions and leaves the company unprepared to meet future demands. The consequences can be very costly in terms of lost sales and can even force a company out of business. Forecasts are so important that companies are investing billions of dollars in technologies that can help them better plan for the future. For example, the ice-cream giant Ben & Jerry’s have invested in business intelligence software that tracks the life of each pint of ice cream, from ingredients to sale. Each pint is stamped with a tracking number that is stored in an Oracle database. Then the company uses the information to track trends, problems, and new business opportunities. They can track such things as seeing if the ice-cream flavor Chocolate Chip Cookie Dough is gaining on Cherry Garcia for the top sales spot, product sales by location, and rates of change. This information is then used to more accurately forecast product sales. Numerous other companies, such as Procter & Gamble, General Electric, Lands’ End, Sears, and Red Robin Gourmet Burgers, are investing in the same type of software in order to improve forecast accuracy. (R. Dan Reid & Nada R. Sanders, 2009) It is not possible to accurately forecast the future. Because of the qualitative nature of forecasting, a business can come up with different...
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...INTRODUCTION 3 2.0 NETWORK TECHNIQUES 7 2.1 Introduction 7 2.2 Critical Path Method (CPM) ……………………………………………………………..…………………………………… 8 2.2.1 Steps of CPM Project Planning ……….……………………………………………………………………………… 9 2.2.2 Example of CPM …………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 11 2.2.3 Benefits of CPM …………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 12 2.2.4 Limitation of CPM …………….…………………………………………………………………………………………. 12 2.3 Project Evaluation and Review Techniques (PERT) ……..……………..………………………………………… 13 2.3.1 Steps of PERT in Project Planning ……....……………………………………………………………………….. 14 2.3.2 Benefits of PERT……..……………………………………………………………………………………………………. 16 2.5.1 Limitation of PERT ……………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 16 3.0 CONCLUSION 17 4.0 REFERANCES 29 1.0 INTRODUCTION: 1.1 What is a project? A project is a series of activities directed to accomplishment of a desired objective. A project have a defined start which is when the descision of the project process starts and also a defined end where by that point the goal and the objectives of that project is achived. 1.2 What is project management? Project management its concerned with the overall planning and co-ordination of a project from conception to completion aimed at meeting the stated requirements and ensuring completion on time, within cost and to required quality standards. Project management is normally reserved for focused, non-repetitive, time-limited activities with...
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...Purpose and Structure ......................................................................................... 5 2 Definition and Origin of Competitive Advantage .............................................. 6 3 Approaches and Methods to Achieve Competitive Advantages......................... 8 3.1 The Traditional Approach According to Porter ........................................... 8 3.1.1 Cost Leadership ................................................................................. 10 3.1.2 Focusing on Priorities ........................................................................ 10 3.2 Modern Approaches .................................................................................. 10 3.2.1 The Strategy as a Compilation of Simple Rules ................................ 11 3.2.2 The Blue Ocean Strategy ................................................................... 12 4 Ways to achieve Sustainable Competitive Advantage...................................... 13 5 Conclusion ........................................................................................................ 15 References ............................................................................................................. 16 3 Declaration We hereby declare that we have developed and written the enclosed term paper entitled „How Companies Could Achieve Sustainable Competitive Advantage” entirely on our own, and have not used outside sources without...
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...marriage issues, to substance abuse. A traumatic beginning to his life not only negatively affected him; it also influenced his long and successful career in writing and teaching. Through his hardships, he created one of the most famous compilations of poems in history, The Dream Songs. These poems are littered with fresh and complex styles of writing, including his famous technique of using dialogue and personal revelation. Although he accomplished amazing things in the literary world, won awards and was a major arts figure in the world, he continued to struggle with himself. His never ending despair stemmed from the suicide of his father when he was young, which although very sad, shaped his life and his death to come. The Dream Song series is a modified and published version of his dream analysis treatment during rehab. By analyzing and annotating one of his most famous Dream Songs, Dream Song 14, and studying the major events of his life, it is frighteningly apparent how the effects of paternal suicide, emotional and sex abuse, and alcoholism shaped his life, his work, and his death. John Berryman was born in 1914. When he was 12 years old his father committed suicide and his mother moved him to New York City. This was during the time of the market crash; depression struck not only the country, but also 17 year old John when he attempted his own suicide in 1931. After these traumatic experiences he...
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...been described as the effective and continuing application back at work of the knowledge and skills gained on those programmes. It is a very important issue for organizations today, given the large amounts of investment in these programmes and the small amounts of that investment that actually translates into an improved individual and organizational performance. This paper describes the testing of the Holton model of learning transfer and suggests amendments to the model where appropriate. A sample of participants on a management development programme within the Irish health service completed the Learning Transfer System Inventory based on the Holton model. The data obtained were analysed using multiple regression and partial correlation techniques. Results indicate that the model does adequately represent the effects of its factors, although a slightly revised model is presented. Important relationships between factors are identified, and the central role of the learners’ personal capacity for transfer (hitherto unreported in the literature) and their motivation to transfer in facilitating transfer is highlighted. In practical terms, the tested model can be used as a diagnostic tool by identifying individual, training design and work environment transfer issues in need of attention and by developing strate- r Dr. Cyril Kirwan,...
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...you need a proper foundation for anything to flourish from the development. In looking at the need to address this making use of information-gathering methods are a must when analyzing and determining possible requirements. What we will be doing is looking at some of the information-gathering techniques that would be available to assist in this process of gathering information. In the following we will also look at how useful business processing mapping methods can be and which one is more applicable during the analysis process. This will be an overall review of the methods an analyst can use to confirm an effective understanding of the project requirements and how best to determine for the project. In looking at the possible information-gathering methods that are available there are quite a few to select from. The first one we look at is a possible review of some of the current documentation or Standard Operating Procedures of the business. This allows you to view some of the current and historical information on the business while actually having very little impact on the daily running of the business and so is less likely to interfere. When looking at the flip side it can be very time consuming and costly depending on how many people are involved in the review process. This is also limited in the fact that many processes really may not be documented. Another method is to observe and document...
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...ABACUS, Vol. 45, No. 3, 2009 doi: 10.1111/j.1467-6281.2009.00295.x MARTIN BLOOM Accounting For Goodwill abac_295 379..389 This article provides a means of resolving one of accounting’s ongoing problems—how to account for goodwill in an era where the unidentifiable intangible asset is often an entity’s largest value component. Despite the general recognition that, in practice, the two classes of goodwill are indistinguishable in terms of their ability to generate streams of revenue, a distinction is traditionally drawn between internally generated and purchased goodwill. The former should not be brought to account because it is impossible to do so within the accepted rules of double entry bookkeeping and historical cost based accounting. On the other hand, there is no difficulty in bringing purchased goodwill to account, but controversy has always existed as to how to treat the amount once recognized. It can confidently be expected that, as anomalies and practical difficulties manifest themselves in practice, the current impairment regime will, in its turn, be abandoned. Key words: Accounting; Double account; Goodwill, internally generated, purchased. Controversy on how to account for goodwill has continued over many decades. It is certainly an example of Sterling’s (1975) lament that because of the way we conceive of issues ‘accountants do not resolve issues, we abandon them’ (quoted in Chambers, 1995). The ideas proposed here are based on redefining the problem. They...
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...XBRL: ISSUES AND CHALLENGES Erlane K Ghani and Kamaruzzaman Muhammad Throughout the world, a number of key regulators are advocating the need of Extensible Business Reporting Language (XBRL) and trumpeting this tool to be digitalising the financial information value chain thus bringing huge benefits to all relevant parties. Many companies in the world have started to prepare XBRL-based financial reports and the momentum of such practice is growing rapidly (Kernan, 2008). Similar to other countries, Malaysian regulators have also seen the need of adopting XBRL for all companies as a necessity to improve financial reporting. XBRL is seen to assist relevant parties in achieving the objectives of accounting framework in terms of relevance, consistency, timeliness and accuracy. The parties involves in the preparation and the usage of financial information such as the regulators, preparers, users as well as the auditors would have greater access to the financial information via XBRL since XBRL use the Internet as the medium of communication and transmission of information. Due to the greater hyped of XBRL, the Companies Commission of Malaysia (SSM) have set to fully implement XBRL upon completion of a five-year XBRL initiatives initiated by Malaysia’s Registrar of Companies developed under its Strategic Direction Plan II. SSM plans to implement XBRL-based financial reporting in phases starting with listed companies, their subsidiaries and non listed companies followed by private...
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...INTRODUCTION 1. INTRODUCTION Telecom Connections is a web based application through which user can effectively use the benefits of Telephone Provider. We have analyzed the needs of the users, and thus developed a web based application, for providing telephone connections and associated services online. Because now a days people became so busy with their work and they don’t want to waste their time by going and waiting for long time or waiting in a queue for applying for new connections or to get their bills or to give the complaints regarding the service. Also they are not sure whether waiting for that much time , they will get their turn or not. If so they will get out with frustration .By considering all this issues associated with the manual process we have developed a web application for the telecom users , where in the user can apply for new connections online , can view the bill status online , can send the feedback and do complaints regarding the service provided by the telecom company. 1. PURPOSE OF THE PROJECT: We are going to build an automated system where user can online apply for phone connections and they can view their telephone bills and they can also post the complaints details. EXISTING SYSTEM AND PROPOSED SYSTEM 2. EXISTING SYSTEM AND PROPOSED SYSTEM 2.1 PROBLEMS EXISTING IN SYSTEM: In existing system user has no option of online. He has to go to telecom office...
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...ek-2-peer-review/ Emerging Hardware Technologies (graded) Research new and emerging hardware technologies that can enhance or benefit an organization or industry. What are the risks of implementing these technologies? Do the benefits outweigh the risks? DQ 2 Emerging Software or Service Technologies (graded) Research new and emerging software technologies or services that can enhance or benefit an organization or industry. What are the risks of implementing these technologies? Do the benefits outweigh the risks? Devry NETW471 Week 2 Discussion DQ 1 & DQ 2 Latest 2016 March DQ 1 Virtualization in the Enterprise (graded) The practice of virtualization allows us to use our network resources more efficiently, spend less time managing devices, reduce IT staff, recover faster and more easily from network failures, and lower overall IT cost. Explain how virtualization makes all of these things possible. DQ 2 Virtualization in the Cloud (graded) Virtualization is the foundation for cloud computing. How are the two related? Provide and discuss at least one specific example. Devry NETW471 Week 3 Discussion DQ 1 & DQ 2 Latest 2016 March DQ 1 Big Data (graded) What is Big Data, and why are IT professionals concerned about it? What impact do you think that Big Data will have on current and future technologies? DQ 2 Data Science and Data Analytics (graded) What is the difference between Data Science and Data Analytics? How can these two related subjects...
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