Kamote Kayo

Project in Data Communication
Helen Grace A. Fernandez 201011542 February 9, 2011

Contents
1 Reaction to the Game 2 Description of Hardware 2.1 First Generation . . . . . . . . . 2.1.1 1G Base Station . . . . . 2.1.2 Copper Node . . . . . . . 2.1.3 Coax Node . . . . . . . . 2.1.4 Optical Node . . . . . . . 2.1.5 20 RAS 5850s . . . . . . . 2.1.6 WAN Switch IGX MGX 2.1.7 WAN Switch BPX . . . . 2.1.8 Router 7200 . . . . . . . . 2.1.9 Router 7500 . . . . . . . . 2.1.10 ONS 15454 . . . . . . . . 2.1.11 Mobile Switch MSC . . . 2.1.12 Cable Headend Analog . 2.1.13 Cable Headend Digital . 2.1.14 Telephone Switch . . . . 2.1.15 Second Generation . . . . 2.1.16 50 WiFi Base Stations . 2.1.17 25 MSPPs . . . . . . . . . 2.1.18 10 CMTS UBRs . . . . . 2.1.19 50 DSLAMs . . . . . . . . 2.1.20 25 MWRs . . . . . . . . . 2.1.21 20 Cat2000 Switches . . 2.1.22 Router 7600 . . . . . . . . 2.1.23 Router 10000 . . . . . . . 2.1.24 Router 12000 . . . . . . . 1 8 10 10 10 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 20 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 36 38

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2.2

2.3

2.1.25 Router ASR 9000 . . . . . . 2.1.26 CRS-1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.1.27 Switch Cat3000 . . . . . . . . 2.1.28 Switch Cat4500 . . . . . . . . 2.1.29 Switch Cat6500 . . . . . . . . 2.1.30 MDS 9000 . . . . . . . . . . . 2.1.31 VOIP Gateway . . . . . . . . 2.1.32 Softswitch BTS PGW ITP . 2.1.33 Call Manger with Unity . . 2.1.34 DDOS Servier . . . . . . . . 2.1.35 NMS ANA . . . . . . . . . . 2.1.36 Digital Signage DMS . . . . 2.1.37 Video System CDS . . . . . Third Generation . . . . . . . . . . 2.2.1 3G Base Station . . . . . . . 2.2.2 Router ASR 1000 . . . . . . 2.2.3 Switch Nexus . . . . . . . . . 2.2.4 Video Mgmt VAMS . . . . . 2.2.5 Virtualization VFRAME . . 2.2.6 Media Engine MXE . . . . . 2.2.7 Uniﬁed Computing UCS . . 2.2.8 TelePresence . . . . . . . . . 2.2.9 Webex . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.2.10 Contact Center . . . . . . . . 2.2.11 Media Platform EOS . . . . Fourth Generation . . . . . . . . . . 2.3.1 IP Base Station . . . . . . . 2.3.2 IPVideo Surveillance . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

40 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 65 66 67 67 69 70 71 72 73 74 75

3 Description of Researches 3.0.3 Copper Wire . . . . 3.0.4 Coaxial Cable . . . . 3.0.5 Wireless . . . . . . . 3.0.6 Fiber . . . . . . . . . 3.0.7 Ethernet . . . . . . . 3.0.8 SONET/SDH . . . . 3.0.9 Landline Telephone 3.0.10 Analog CATV . . . 2

. . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . .

3.0.11 3.0.12 3.0.13 3.0.14 3.0.15 3.0.16 3.0.17 3.0.18 3.0.19 3.0.20 3.0.21 3.0.22 3.0.23 3.0.24 3.0.25 3.0.26 3.0.27 3.0.28 3.0.29 3.0.30 3.0.31 3.0.32 3.0.33 3.0.34 3.0.35 3.0.36 3.0.37 3.0.38 3.0.39 3.0.40 3.0.41 3.0.42 3.0.43 3.0.44 3.0.45 3.0.46 3.0.47 3.0.48

Channel Scrambling . . . . 1G Analog Cellular . . . . Digital Encoding . . . . . . Digital CATV with PPV . PVR . . . . . . . . . . . . . HDTV . . . . . . . . . . . . LAN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Wide Area Network WAN Frame/Cell Switching . . . TCP/IP . . . . . . . . . . . Quality of Service QoS . . IPv6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Dial-up RAS . . . . . . . . Multicast . . . . . . . . . . . Email . . . . . . . . . . . . . WWW . . . . . . . . . . . . Firewall . . . . . . . . . . . . Transport Layer Security . ISDN . . . . . . . . . . . . . Video Phone . . . . . . . . Instant Messaging . . . . . 2G Mobile . . . . . . . . . Mobile Texting . . . . . . . MPLS . . . . . . . . . . . . . SLA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Traﬃc Engineering TE . . DWDM . . . . . . . . . . . . IPoDWDM . . . . . . . . . Broadband Era . . . . . . . Carrier Ethernet CE . . . Service Personalization . . Wireless LAN . . . . . . . . Voice over IP VOIP . . . . 2.5G Mobile . . . . . . . . . Uniﬁed Communications . DDOS IPS . . . . . . . . . . Search Engine . . . . . . . . E-commerce . . . . . . . . . 3

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 110 111 112 113 114

3.0.49 3.0.50 3.0.51 3.0.52 3.0.53 3.0.54 3.0.55 3.0.56 3.0.57 3.0.58 3.0.59 3.0.60 3.0.61 3.0.62 3.0.63 3.0.64 3.0.65 3.0.66 3.0.67 3.0.68 3.0.69 3.0.70 3.0.71 3.0.72 3.0.73 3.0.74 3.0.75 3.0.76 3.0.77 3.0.78 3.0.79 3.0.80 3.0.81 3.0.82 3.0.83 3.0.84 3.0.85 3.0.86

Deep Packet Inspection DPI Targeted Advertising . . . . . Blogging . . . . . . . . . . . . . FTTX . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Peer to Peer P2P . . . . . . . Digital Rights Mgmt DRM . Telecommuting . . . . . . . . . Distance Learning . . . . . . . Connected Home . . . . . . . Gaming . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Voice Quality . . . . . . . . . Content Caching . . . . . . . . Storage Area Network SAN . Digital Signage . . . . . . . . . Mobile Connected Life . . . . IP Video . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3G IMT-2000 . . . . . . . . . . IP Video Quality . . . . . . . . IPTV QoE . . . . . . . . . . . . Web Conferencing . . . . . . . Collaboration Tools . . . . . . IP Video Conferencing . . . . TelePresence . . . . . . . . . . Holograms . . . . . . . . . . . User Generated Content . . . Virtual Worlds . . . . . . . . . Social Networking . . . . . . . Location Based Service LBS . Mobile Media . . . . . . . . . Data Center Virtualization . Cloud Computing . . . . . . . Uniﬁed Computing . . . . . . Mobile Commerce . . . . . . . 3G Wi-Fi UMA . . . . . . . . Mobile VPN . . . . . . . . . . . Femtocell . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4G LTE Wimax . . . . . . . . Network PVR . . . . . . . . . 4

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

115 116 117 118 119 120 121 122 123 124 125 126 127 128 129 130 132 133 134 135 136 137 138 139 140 141 142 143 144 145 146 147 148 149 150 151 152 153

3.0.87 3.0.88 3.0.89 3.0.90 3.0.91

IP Video Surveillance . . . . . . Hyper Syndicated Video HSV TV Commerce . . . . . . . . . . Social TV . . . . . . . . . . . . . Medianet Era . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . .

. . . . .

. . . . .

. . . . .

. . . . .

. . . . .

. . . . .

. . . . .

. . . . .

. . . . .

. . . . .

154 155 156 157 158

4 Documentation 4.1 Description of Services . . . . . . . . . . 4.1.1 Consumer Phone . . . . . . . . . 4.1.2 Dial-up Internet . . . . . . . . . . 4.1.3 Broadband Internet . . . . . . . . 4.1.4 Turbo Broadband . . . . . . . . . 4.1.5 App Aware Broadband . . . . . . 4.1.6 Consumer VOIP . . . . . . . . . . 4.1.7 Consumer Video Phone . . . . . 4.1.8 IPTV with VOD . . . . . . . . . . 4.1.9 IPTV with NPVR . . . . . . . . . 4.1.10 Hyper-Syndicated IPTV . . . . . 4.1.11 Social IPTV . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.1.12 IP Video Surveillance . . . . . . . 4.1.13 Telepresence Kiosk . . . . . . . . 4.1.14 Hotspot Wi-Fi . . . . . . . . . . . 4.1.15 Analog CATV . . . . . . . . . . . 4.1.16 Premium Analog CATV . . . . . 4.1.17 Digital CATV with PPV . . . . . 4.1.18 HDTV with PPV . . . . . . . . . 4.1.19 Consumer 1G Mobile Voice . . . 4.1.20 Consumer 1G Mobile Pager . . . 4.1.21 Consumer 2G Mobile . . . . . . . 4.1.22 Consumer 2.5G Mobile . . . . . . 4.1.23 Consumer 3G Mobile . . . . . . . 4.1.24 Consumer 3G with Video . . . . 4.1.25 Consumer 3G with e-Wallet . . . 4.1.26 Consumer 4G . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.1.27 Business Phone . . . . . . . . . . 4.1.28 Business Leased Line WAN . . . 4.1.29 Business Packet Switched WAN 4.1.30 Mgd WAN with ﬁrewall . . . . . 5

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

159 . 165 . 165 . 165 . 166 . 166 . 167 . 168 . 169 . 169 . 170 . 170 . 171 . 171 . 172 . 172 . 173 . 174 . 174 . 174 . 175 . 175 . 176 . 176 . 177 . 177 . 178 . 179 . 179 . 180 . 180 . 181

4.2

4.1.31 Mgd VPN with ﬁrewall . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.1.32 Mgd VPN with FW DDOS IPS . . . . . . 4.1.33 Business Internet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.1.34 Business Converged VPN . . . . . . . . . . 4.1.35 Business App aware VPN . . . . . . . . . . 4.1.36 Mgd IP PBX . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.1.37 Mgd Uniﬁed Communications . . . . . . . 4.1.38 Mgd UC with Video Phones . . . . . . . . 4.1.39 Mgd Telepresence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.1.40 Mgd Holograms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.1.41 This is a service. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.1.42 Mgd Digital Signage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.1.43 Business 1G Mobile Voice . . . . . . . . . . 4.1.44 Business 1G Mobile Pager . . . . . . . . . . 4.1.45 Business 2G Mobile . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.1.46 Business 2.5G Mobile . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.1.47 Business 3G Mobile . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.1.48 Business 3G with VPN . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.1.49 Business 3G with VPN Webex . . . . . . . 4.1.50 Business 4G Mobile . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.1.51 IAAS Storage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.1.52 IAAS Contact Center . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.1.53 PAAS Entertainment . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.1.54 PAAS Biz Productivity . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.1.55 SAAS Webex . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Description of Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.2.1 Virtual LANs (VLAN) . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.2.2 Video Call Admission Control (CAC) . . . 4.2.3 Secure Domain Routers (SDR) . . . . . . . 4.2.4 Integrated Video Module . . . . . . . . . . 4.2.5 Wide Area Acceleration Service (WAAS) 4.2.6 Multicast only FRR (Mo FRR) . . . . . . 4.2.7 Fabric QoS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.2.8 Zero Touch Transport . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.2.9 Virtualization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.2.10 Virtual Firewall . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.2.11 Mobile Gateways (PDSN, GGSN) . . . . . 4.2.12 Live-Live Video Transport . . . . . . . . . . 6

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

181 182 183 184 185 186 187 188 189 190 191 192 193 194 195 196 197 198 199 200 201 202 203 204 205 206 206 206 207 207 208 208 209 209 210 210 211 211

4.2.13 4.2.14 4.2.15 4.2.16 4.2.17 4.2.18 4.2.19 4.2.20 4.2.21 4.2.22 4.2.23 4.2.24 4.2.25 4.2.26 4.2.27 4.2.28 4.2.29 4.2.30 4.2.31 4.2.32 4.2.33 4.2.34 4.2.35 4.2.36 4.2.37 4.2.38 4.2.39 4.2.40 4.2.41 4.2.42

In Fabric Multicast Replication . . . . . . . . . . Modular Software . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Control Plane Policing (CPP) Security . . . . . Session Border Controller (SBC) . . . . . . . . . Service and App Module for IP (SAM) . . . . . Targeted Advertising Revenue . . . . . . . . . . IP Service Level Agreement . . . . . . . . . . . . Device High Availability (HA) . . . . . . . . . . Ethernet OAM (Ops Admin and Maintenance) Walled Garden . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Active Optical Network (AON) . . . . . . . . . . Femto Cells . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Embedded Event Manager (EEM) . . . . . . . . System Resiliency . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Network Based App Recognition (NBAR) . . . Admission Control RSVP . . . . . . . . . . . . . Carrier Grade NAT (CGNAT) . . . . . . . . . . TV Commerce Revenue . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Network Flow Monitoring . . . . . . . . . . . . Network Level Resiliency . . . . . . . . . . . . . Intelligent Service Gateway (ISG) . . . . . . . . Deep Packet Inspection (DPI) . . . . . . . . . . IP Version 6 (IPv6) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mobile Commerce Revenue . . . . . . . . . . . . Visual Quality of Experience (VQE) . . . . . . . Multi Chassis Scalability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Video Monitoring (Vidmon) . . . . . . . . . . . . Hierarchical QoS (HQOS) . . . . . . . . . . . . . IPoDWDM Proactive Protection . . . . . . . . . MPLS Traﬃc Engineering . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

212 212 213 213 214 214 215 215 216 216 217 217 218 218 219 219 220 220 221 221 222 222 223 223 224 224 225 225 226 226 239

5 Conclusion of Future Technology

7

Chapter 1 Reaction to the Game
The game myPlanNet was it a kind of game that will measure your patience, and show your strategy on how you be able to develop your community. It is like youre in the real world, in which you are the leader; you are the one who has the ability to evolve your community with a time pressure. . There must be a connection between the citizens in the service. It connects people with basic telephone, cable TV, or wireless services. Although you control the whole game, their still you have your engineering team to research and discover new technologies to build your network, expend your service oﬀerings, and increase your proﬁts. . As the advanced services are more delivered, the citizens’ ”happiness index” will increase and the population also grow. In this you watch ﬁrsthand how you shape the way your citizens work, live, learn, and play as they progress through the broadband era, the mobile conneted life, and ultimately into the medianet age. You really need to get ready to step into the shoes of a Chief Executive Oﬃcer. Play Cisco’s myPlanNet. Build the IP Next Generation Network for your vitual ”planet”. You can create the medianet and ”plan it” your way. .

8

In this, I feel and experience that Im really in the CEO position and pressured while playing. When the goals are needed to be accomplishing, I need to monitor the citizen in the community, as if they are happy or not, I need to purchase some products to sustain the needs of the community. At a time I always check my available cash and monthly income, if it still increases if not I panic. . Every step should be taken in good decision. This game helps me to practice my ”typing skills”. The time I spent was really crusial, I felt I’m like a thrity year old woman working in a company, that needs serious moves to lift high the present status. . Im really wondering at ﬁrst, the time I had played the game. It challenges me how to think and improve better to increase my costumer and also with respect to my proﬁt. It takes me a lot of time to analyse how does this thing help in future, thus now I knew why need to play the game. . ..........................................................................................................

9

Chapter 2 Description of Hardware
2.1
.

First Generation

2.1.1
.

1G Base Station

Figure 2.1: 1G Base Station A base station is a communications tower at aﬃxed location, allowing mobile handsets to connect wirelessly to the rest of the network. The ﬁrst generation of the vbase stations were analog. They were introduced in the 1980s and used higher frequencies such 150 Mhz and up. This is a product. Enabled with: 1G Analog Cellular 10

Price: 50,000 PlanNet Oros Upkeep: 3,500 PlanNet Oros per month Space: 50 Rack Unit (RU) Power: 10 kilowatts (kW) Subscriber capacity: 5,000 Connects to media: Cellular Replaced by: 2G Base Station As a connection: Consumer 1G Mobile Voice Consumer 1G Mobile Pager Business 1G Mobile Voice Business 1G Mobile Pager

11

2.1.2
.

Copper Node

Figure 2.2: Copper Node Copper node is a communications node in the network that is an aggregate of multiplexers, splitters, line terminals, repeaters, and ampliﬁers for the two-and-four-wire copper medium. This node is used to reach customers for voice, video, or data services over wire line, leased line, or Ethernet. This is a product. Enabled with: Copper Wire Price: 50,000 PlanNet Oros Upkeep: 3,500 PlanNet Oros per month Space: 50 Rack Unit (RU) Power: 10 kilowatts (kW) Subscriber capacity: 5,000 Connects to media: Copper Wire As a connection: Consumer Phone Dial-up Internet Broadband Internet Turbo Broadband App Aware Broadband Business Phone Business Leased Line WAN Business Packet Switched WAN Business Internet Business Converged VPN Business App aware VPN

12

2.1.3
.

Coax Node

Figure 2.3: Coax Node Coax node is a communications node in the network that is an aggregate of multiplexers, splitters, line terminals, repeaters, and ampliﬁers for the coaxial cable copper medium. This node is used to reach customers for voice, video, or data services over cable. This is a product. Enabled with: Coaxial Cable Price: 100,000 PlanNet Oros Upkeep: 7,000 PlanNet Oros per month Space: 10 Rack Unit (RU) Power: 3.5 kilowatts (kW) Subscriber capacity: 5,000 Connects to media: Coaxial Cable As a connection: Broadband Internet Turbo Broadband App Aware Broadband Analog CATV Premium Analog CATV Digital CATV with PPV HDTV with PPV Business Converged VPN Business App Aware VPN

13

2.1.4
.

Optical Node

Figure 2.4: Optical Node Optical node is a communications node in the network that is an aggregate of multiplexers, splitters, line terminals, repeaters, and ampliﬁers for the ﬁber medium. This node is used to reach customers for voice, video, or data services over ﬁber. This is a product. Enabled with: Fiber Price: 100,000 PlanNet Oros Upkeep: 7,000 PlanNet Oros per month Space: 10 Rack Units (RU) Power: 3.5 kilowatts (kW) Subscriber capacity: 5,000 Connects to media: Fiber Cable As a connection: Broadband Internet Turbo Broadband App Aware Broadband Telepresence Kiosk Business Leased Line WAN Business Packet Switched WAN Business Converged VPN Business App Aware VPN Mgd Digital Signage

14

2.1.5
.

20 RAS 5850s

Figure 2.5: 20 RAS 5850s The Cisco remote access server (RAS) 5850 is a hardware solution that allows individual users with dialup modems to terminate their connections on it. It then initiates connections to the rest of the IP network, allowing users to access services like Internet, email, etc. the RAS can alos be used to terminate individual user phones connections, and it then initiates voice connections to the rest of the IP network using voice over IP (VOIP). This is a product. Enabled with: Dialup RAS Price: 4,000,000 PlanNet Oros Upkeep: 280,000 PlanNet Oros per month Space: 280 Rack Units (RU) Power: 48 kilowatts (kW) Subscriber capacity: 50,000 Connects to media: Copper Wire In the NOC Access layer: Dial-up Internet

15

2.1.6
.

WAN Switch IGX MGX

Figure 2.6: WAN Switch IGX MGX The Cisco IGX and MGX WAN switches provide enterprises with business services such as leased line, Frame Relay, and ATM. They scale from 1.2 Gbps to 180 Gbps switching capacity and from DS0 to OC-192/STM-64 interface capacity. They are deployed in the aggregation and edge sections of networks. This is a product. Enabled with: Wide Area Network WAN Price: 200,000 PlanNet Oros Upkeep: 14,000 PlanNet Oros per month Space: 32 Rack Units (RU) Power: 2.5 kilowatts (kW) Bandwidth capacity: 1,000 Mbps Replaced by: Router 10000 In the NOC Edge layer: Business Leased Line WAN Business Packet Switched WAN

16

2.1.7

WAN Switch BPX

. The Cisco BPX WAN switches provide connectivity between aggregation

Figure 2.7: WAN Switch BPX and edge WAN switches. They form core of a WAN network and use integrated IP and ATM switching technologies. This is a product. Enabled with: Wide Area Network WAN Price: 300,000 PlanNet Oros Upkeep: 21,000 PlanNet Oros per month Space: 15 Rack Units (RU) Power: 2.5G kilowatts (kW) Bandwidth capacity: 20,000 Mbps Replaced by: Router 12000 In the NOC Edge layer: Business Leased Line WAN Business Packet Switched WAN

17

2.1.8
.

Router 7200

Figure 2.8: Router 7200 The Cisco 7200 Series Router delivers exceptional performance/price with its compact form factor, modularity, scalability, and wide range of deployment options. With processing speeds up to 2 million packets per second (pps), port adapters ranging from NxDS0 ti Gigabit Ethernet and OC-3, and an unparalleled number of high-touch IP services, the router is positioned for the services aggregation WAN/MAN edge. This is a product. Enabled with: TCP/IP Price: 100,000 PlanNet Oros Upkeep: 7,000 PlanNet Oros per month Space: 4 Rack Units (RU) Power: 0.3 kilowatts (kW) Bandwidth capacity: 1,800 Mbps In the NOC Aggregation layer: Dial-up Internet Broadband Internet Turbo Broadband App Aware Broadband Consumer 2.5G Mobile Consumer 3G Mobile Consumer 3G with Video Consumer 3G with e-Wallet Consumer 4G Business Internet Business Converged VPN Business App aware VPN Mgd Digital Signage Business 2.5G Mobile Business 3G Mobile Business 3G with VPN Business 3G with VPN Webex Business 4G Mobile In the NOC Edge layer: Dial-up Internet Broadband Internet Turbo Broadband App Aware Broadband Consumer 2.5G Mobile Consumer 3G Mobile Consumer 3G with Video Consumer 3G with e-Wallet Consumer 4G Business 18

Internet Business Converged VPN Business App aware VPN Mgd Digital Signage Business 2.5G Mobile Business 3G Mobile Business 3G with VPN Business 3G with VPN Webex Business 4G Mobile

19

2.1.9
.

Router 7500

Figure 2.9: Router 7500 The Cisco 7500 Series Routers have been deployed as backbone routers, reliability delivering business-critical network service provider customers for years. With the Cisco 7500 Series, hundreds of sites can be aggregated in a single router while providing the richest set of network services including security, quality of service (QoS), and multicast. This is a product. Enabled with: TCP/IP Price: 200,000 PlanNet Oros Upkeep: 14,000 PlanNet Oros per month Space: 15 Rack Units (RU) Power: 0.7 kilowatts (kW) Bandwidth capacity: 2,000 Mbps Replaced by: CRS-1 In the NOC Aggregation layer: Dial-up Internet Broadband Internet Turbo Broadband App Aware Broadband Consumer 2.5G Mobile Consumer 3G Mobile Consumer 3G with Video Consumer 3G with e-Wallet Consumer 4G Business Internet Business Converged VPN Business App aware VPN Mgd Digital Signage Business 2.5G Mobile Business 3G Mobile Business 3G with VPN Business 3G with VPN Webex Business 4G Mobile In the NOC Edge layer: Dial-up Internet Broadband Internet Turbo Broadband App Aware Broadband Consumer 2.5G Mobile Consumer 3G Mobile Consumer 3G with Video Consumer 3G with e-Wallet Consumer 4G Business 20

Internet Business Converged VPN Business App aware VPN Mgd Digital Signage Business 2.5G Mobile Business 3G Mobile Business 3G with VPN Business 3G with VPN Webex Business 4G Mobile

21

2.1.10
.

ONS 15454

Figure 2.10: ONS 15454 The Cisco ONSA 15454 Multiservice Transport Platform (MSTP) is the most deployed metropolitan-area (metro) and regional dense wavelength-division multiplexing (DWDM) solution in the world, featuring two- through eightdegree reconﬁgurable optical add/drop multiplexer (ROADM) technology that enables wavelength provisioning across entire networks and eliminates the need for optical-to-electrical-to-optical (OEO) transponder conversions. The ONS 15454 MSTP interconnections with Layer 2, Layer 3, and storage area network (SAN) devices at rates up to 40 Gbps. It delivers any service type to any network location and supports all DWDM topologies. This is a product. Enabled with: SONET/SDH Price: 200,000 PlanNet Oros Upkeep: 14,000 PlanNet Oros per month Space: 15 Rack Units (RU) Power: 0.4 kilowatts (kW) Bandwidth capacity: 49,760 Mbps In the NOC Oﬀ Net layer: Dial-up Internet Broadband Internet Turbo Broadband App Aware Broadband Hotspot Wi-Fi Consumer 2.5G Mobile Consumer 3G Mobile Consumer 3G with Video Consumer 3G with e-Wallet Consumer 4G Business Leased Line WAN Business Packet Switched WAN Business Internet Business Converged VPN Business App aware VPN Business 2.5G Mobile Business 3G Mobile Business 3G with VPN Business 3G with VPN Webex Business 4G Mobile 22

2.1.11
.

Mobile Switch MSC

Figure 2.11: Mobile Switch MSC The mobile switching center (MSC) is the primary service delivery node for mobile communications. It is responsible for handling voice calls and SMS as well as other services (such as conference calls, fax, and circuit switched data). The MS sets up and releases the end-to-end connection handles mobility and hand-over requirements during the call, and takes care of charging and real-time pre=paid account monitoring. This is a product. Enabled with: IG Analog Cellular Price: 500,000 PlanNet Oros Upkeep: 35,000 PlanNet Oros per month Space: 84 Racks Units (RU) Power: 25 kilowatts (kW) Subscriber capacity: 100,000 In the NOC SDC Services layer: Consumer 1G Mobile Voice Consumer 1G Mobile Pager Consumer 2G Mobile Consumer 2.5G Mobile Consumer 3G Mobile Consumer 3G with Video Consumer 3G with e-Wallet Consumer 4G Business 1G Mobile Voice Business 1G Mobile Pager Business 2G Mobile Business 2.5G Mobile Business 3G Mobile Business 3G with VPN Business 3G with VPN Webex Business 4G Mobile

23

2.1.12
.

Cable Headend Analog

Figure 2.12: Cable Headend Analog A cable television headend is a master facility for receiving television signals for processing and distribution over a cable television system. The headend facility is normally unstaﬀed and surrounded by some type of security fencing and is typically building or large shed housing electronic equipment used to receive and re-transmit video over the local cable infrastructure. One can also ﬁnd headends in power line communication (PLC) substations and internet communications networks. The digital headend processes digital signals. This is a product. Enabled with: Digital CATV with PPV Price: 2,00,000 PlanNet Oros Upkeep: 140,000 PlanNet Oros per month Space: 168 Racks Units (RU) Power: 30 kilowatts (kW) Subscriber capacity: 100,000 Replaced by: Cable Headend Digital Services requiring this product: In the NOC SDC Services layer: Analog CATV Premium Analog CATV

24

2.1.13
.

Cable Headend Digital

Figure 2.13: Cable Headend Digital A cable television headend is a master facility for receiving television signals for processing and distribution over a cable television system. The headend facility is normally unstaﬀed and surrounded by some type of security fencing and is typically a building or large shed housing electronic equipment used to receive and re-transmit video over the local cable infrastructure. One can also ﬁnd headends in power line communication (PLC) substations and internet communications networks. The digital headend processes digital signals. This is a product. Enabled with: Digital CATV with PPV Price: 2,00,000 PlanNet Oros Upkeep: 140,000 PlanNet Oros per month Space: 168 Racks Units (RU) Power: 30 kilowatts (kW) Subscriber capacity: 100,000 Replaces: Cable Headend Analog Services requiring this product: In the NOC SDC Services layer: Digital CTV with PPV HDTV with PPV

25

2.1.14
.

Telephone Switch

Figure 2.14: Telephone Switch Plain old telephone service (POTS) is the voice-grade telephone service that remains the basic form of residential and small business service connection to the telephone network in most parts of the world. The POTS switch is a system of electronic components that connects telephone calls. A central oﬃce is the physical building used to house inside plant equipment including telephone switches, which make telephone calls work in the sense of making connections and relaying the speech information. This is a product. Enabled with: Landline Telephone Price: 1,000,000 PlanNet Oros Upkeep: 70,000 PlanNet Oros per month Space: 168 Racks Units (RU) Power: 50 kilowatts (kW) Subscriber capacity: 100,000 Services requiring this product: In the NOC SDC Services layer: Consumer Phone Business Phone .............................................................................................................

26

2.1.15
.

Second Generation

2G Base Station

Figure 2.15: 2G Base Station A base station is a communications tower at a ﬁxed location, allowing mobile handsets to connect wirelessly to the rest of the network. The second generation of base stations were digital. An added feature of 2G was the digital encryption of phone conversations. 2G was more eﬃcient on the spectrum. Various ﬂavors of 2G were developed, the main ones being GSM and CDMA. This is a product. Enabled with: 2G Mobile Price: 50,000 PlanNet Oros Upkeep: 3,500 PlanNet Oros per month Space: 50 Rack Unit (RU) Power: 10 kilowatts (kW) Subscriber capacity: 5,000 Connects to media: Cellular Replaces: 1G Base Station Replaced by: 3G Base Station As a connection: Consumer 2G Mobile Consumer 2.5G Mobile Business 2G Mobile Business 2.5G Mobile

27

2.1.16
.

50 WiFi Base Stations

Figure 2.16: 50 WiFi Base Stations A base station is a communications tower at a ﬁxed location, allowing mobile nodes like laptops to connect wirelessly to the rest of the network. Cisco WiFi base stations are packet based with support for IP and Ethernet natively. They can be viewed as wireless extensions of a LAN. They support the IEEE 802.11 standards. This is a product. Enabled with: Wireless LAN Price: 125,000 PlanNet Oros Upkeep: 8,750 PlanNet Oros per month Space: 50 Rack Units (RU) Power: 0.5 kilowatts (kW) Subscriber capacity: 5,000 Connects requiring this product: Wi-Fi As a connection: Hotspot Wi-Fi

28

2.1.17
.

25 MSPPs

Figure 2.17: 25 MSPPs Multi-service provisioning platform (MSPP) is an optical platform. Cisco MSPP provides functions of multiple network elements in a single platform. It supports common interfaces such as DSL/E1, DS3/E3, and data solutions including 10/100/1000 Mbps Ethernet solutions with OC3/STM1 through OC192/STM64 optical transport bit rates and integrated DWDM wavelengths. This is a product. Enabled with: MPLS Price: 2,500,000 PlanNet Oros Upkeep: 175,000 PlanNet Oros per month Space: 3,750 Rack Units (RU) Power: 75 kilowatts (kW) Subscriber capacity: 50,000 Connects to media: Fiber Cable In the NOC Access Layer: Business Converged VPN Business App aware VPN

29

2.1.18
.

10 CMTS UBRs

Figure 2.18: 10 CMTS UBRs The Cisco cable modem termination system (CMTS) universal broadband router (UBR) is a service-enabling, communications-grade system that oﬀers modular scalability, carrier-class reliability, and investment protection. It terminates connections from multiple individual cable modems on one side and initiates connections to the rest of IP network on the other. It is typically found in a cable companys headend, or at a cable compant hubsite, and is used to provide high-speed data services, such as cable Internet or Voice over IP, to cable subscribers. This is a product. Enabled with: Broadband Era Price: 1,000,000 PlanNet Oros Upkeep: 70,000 PlanNet Oros per month Space: 60 Rack Units (RU) Power: 8 kilowatts (kW) Subscriber capacity: 40,000 Connects to media: Coaxial Cable In the NOC Access layer: Broadband Internet Turbo Broadband App Aware Broadband Hotspot Wi-Fi Business Converged VPN Business App aware VPN

30

2.1.19
.

50 DSLAMs

Figure 2.19: 50 DSLAMs A digital subscriber line access multiplexer (DSLAM) allows telephone lines to make faster connections to the Internet. It is a network device, located in the telephone exchanges of the service providers, that connects multiple customer digital subscriber lines (DSLs) to a high-speed Internet backbone line using multiplexing techniques. It determines connections from multiple individual DSL modems on one side and initiates connections to the rest of the IP network on the other. This is a product. Enabled with: Broadband Era Price: 2,500,000 PlanNet Oros Upkeep: 175,000 PlanNet Oros per month Space: 2,100 Rack Units (RU) Power: 100 kilowatts (kW) Subscriber capacity: 50,000 Connects to media: Copper Wire In the NOC Access layer: Broadband Turbo Broadband App Aware Broadband Hotspot Wi-Fi Business Converged VPN Business App aware VPN

31

2.1.20
.

25 MWRs

Figure 2.20: 25 MWRs The Cisco mobile wireless router (MWR) is a cell-site hardware access platform speciﬁcally designed to optimize, aggregate, and transport mixed wireless operators to signiﬁcantly lower existing operating expenses, more costeﬃciently deploy new radio technologies such as Universal Mobile Telecommunications Service High-Speed Downlink Packet Access (UMTS/HSDPA) voice and data networks, generate revenue from new cell-site IP-based services, and enable rapid deployment of next-generation mobile services. This is a product. Enabled with: 2.5G Mobile Price: 5,000,000 PlanNet Oros Upkeep: 350,000 PlanNet Oros per month Space: 250 Rack Units (RU) Power: 16.25 kilowatts (kW) Subscriber capacity: 50,000 Connects to media: Cellular In the NOC Access layer: Consumer 2.5G Mobile Consumer 3G Mobile Consumer 3G with Video Consumer 3G with e-Wallet Business 2.5G Mobile Business 3G Mobile Business 3G with VPN Business 3G with VPN Webex

32

2.1.21
.

20 Cat2000 Switches

Figure 2.21: 20 Cat 2000 Switches The Cisco Catalyst 2000 Series Switch is a series of Ethernet switches in the Catalyst family. These are standalone, ﬁxed-conﬁguration switches oﬀering Fast Ethernet and Gigabit Ethernet connectivity with LAN services. They usually connect end user PCs/laptops/printers/etc to the network on Ethernet cabling. This is a product. Enabled with: FTTX Price: 2,000,000 PlanNet Oros Upkeep: 140,000 PlanNet Oros per month Space: 2,000 Rack Units (RU) Power: 90 kilowatts (kW) Subscriber capacity: 48,000 Connects to media: Fiber Cable In the NOC Access layer: Broadband Turbo Broadband App Aware Broadband Telepresence Kiosk Hotspot Wi-Fi Business App aware VPN Mgd Digital Signage

33

2.1.22
.

Router 7600

Figure 2.22: Router 7600 The Cisco 7600 Series Internet Router delivers high-performance wide-and metropolitan-area network (WAN and MAN) capabilities with high-touch IP services at the network edge. Service providers can service enable their networks at optical speeds, providing competitive advantages and service diﬀerentiation to the service provider. The Cisco 7600 Series helps service providers break through service and bandwidth barriers to increase new revenue and proﬁts. The platform scales from DS0 to OC-48c and beyond and incorporates a rich set of application awareness for ﬁrewall, intrusion detection, Wi-Fi, content, and mobility. This is a product. Enabled with: Broadband Era Price: 400,000 PlanNet Oros Upkeep: 28,000 PlanNet Oros per month Space: 7 Rack Units (RU) Power: 3 kilowatts (kW) Bandwidth capacity: 480,000 Mbps In the NOC Aggregation layer: Broadband Internet Turbo Broadband App Aware Broadband Consumer 34

2.5G Mobile Consumer 3G Mobile Consumer 3G with Video Consumer 3G with e-Wallet Consumer 4G Business Converged VPN Business App aware VPN Business 2.5G Mobile Business 3G Mobile Business 3G with VPN Business 3G with VPN Webex Business 4G Mobile In the NOC Edge layer: Dial-up Internet Broadband Internet Turbo Broadband App Aware Broadband Telepresence Kiosk Hotspot Wi-Fi Consumer 2.5G Mobile Consumer 3G Mobile Consumer 3G with Video Consumer 3G with e-Wallet Consumer 4G Business Internet Business Converged VPN Business App aware VPN Mgd Digital Signage Business 2.5G Mobile Business 3G Mobile Business 3G with VPN Business 3G with VPN Webex Business 4G Mobile

35

2.1.23
.

Router 10000

Figure 2.23: Router 10000 This Cisco 10000 Series Router is the industry-leading edge router for service providers who require subscriber awareness for triple-play, broadband, and wholesale access while migrating from ATM to Gigabit Ethernet. It reduces total cost of ownership for broadband service network infrastructures, combining scalability, high-density interfaces, and a service-enabling feature set. Its applications range from IP/MPLS broadband aggregation to low-speed private line aggregation. This is a product. Enabled with: MPLS Price: 75,000 PlanNet Oros Upkeep: 5,250 PlanNet Oros per month Space: 13 Rack Units (RU) Power:1.5 kilowatts (kW) Bandwidth capacity: 50,000 Mbps Replaces: WAN Switch IGX MGX In the NOC Aggregation layer: Broadband Internet Turbo Broadband App Aware Broadband Business Converged VPN Business App aware VPN In the NOC Edge layer: 36

Dial-up Internet Broadband Internet Turbo Broadband App Aware Broadband Business Packet Switched WAN Business Converged VPN Business App aware VPN

37

2.1.24
.

Router 12000

Figure 2.24: Router 12000 Oﬀering secure resource virtualization, integral service delivery, continuous system operation, and multiservice scale, the Cisco XR 12000 Series Router provides intelligent routing solutions that scale from 2.5- to 10-Gbps capacity per slot , enabling next-generation IP/multiprotocol label switching (MPLS) networks. This is a product. Enabled with: MPLS Price: 500,000 PlanNet Oros Upkeep: 35,000 PlanNet Oros per month Space: 42 Rack Units (RU) Power: 4.5 kilowatts (kW) Bandwidth capacity: 320,000 Mbps Replaces: WAN Switch BPX In the NOC Edge layer: Dial-up Internet Broadband Internet Turbo Broadband App Aware Broadband Telepresence Kiosk Hotspot Wi-Fi Consumer 2.5G Mobile Consumer 3G Mobile Consumer 3G with Video Consumer 3G with e-Wallet Consumer 4G Business Converged VPN Business App aware VPN Mgd Digital Signage Business 2.5G Mobile Business 3G Mobile Business 3G with VPN Business 3G with VPN Webex Business 4G Mobile In the NOC Core layer: Dial-up Internet Broadband Internet Turbo Broadband App Aware Broadband Telepresence Kiosk Hotspot Wi-Fi Consumer 2.5G Mobile Consumer 3G Mobile Consumer 38

3G with Video Consumer 3G with e-Wallet Consumer 4G Business Packet Switched WAN Business Converged VPN Business App aware VPN Mgd Digital Signage Business 2.5G Mobile Business 3G Mobile Business 3G with VPN Business 3G with VPN Webex Business 4G Mobile

39

2.1.25
.

Router ASR 9000

Figure 2.25: Router ASR 9000 The Cisco ASR 9000 Series Router is a purpose-built router for managing the demands of visual networking at the aggregation edge and can accommodate decades of change in traﬃc pattern. It oﬀers up to 400 gigabits-per-slot of capacity for up to 6.4 terabits of total capacity. Thats six times what comparable systems are oﬀering. The router has been designed to oﬀer advanced subscriber management and Quantum Flow processor-based security and video services on an extensible Carrier Ethernet platform. This is a product. Enabled with: IP Video Price: 2,000,000 PlanNet Oros Upkeep: 140,000 PlanNet Oros per month Space: 21 Rack Units (RU) Power: 3.1 kilowatts (kW) Bandwidth capacity: 6,400,000 Mbps In the NOC Aggregation layer: Broadband Internet Turbo Broadband App Aware Broadband Consumer 2.5G Mobile Consumer 3G Mobile Consumer 3G with Video Consumer 3G with e-Wallet Consumer 4G Business Converged VPN Business App aware VPN Business 2.5G Mobile Business 3G Mobile Business 3G with VPN Business 3G with VPN Webex Business 4G Mobile In the NOC Edge layer: Dial-up Internet Broadband Internet Turbo Broadband App Aware Broadband Telepresence Kiosk Hotspot Wi-Fi Consumer 2.5G Mobile Consumer 40

3G Mobile Consumer 3G with Video Consumer 3G with e-Wallet Consumer 4G Mgd Digital Signage Business 2.5G Mobile Business 3G Mobile Business 3G with VPN Business 3G with VPN Webex Business 4G Mobile

41

2.1.26
.

CRS-1

Figure 2.26: CRS-1 The Cisco CRS-1 Carrier Routing System is the industrys only carrier routing system oﬀering continuous system operation, unprecedented service ﬂexibility, and system longevity. Powered by Cisco IOSXR Software, it is designed fro always-on operation while scaling system capacity up to 92 Tbps. It features unmatched innovations of multichassis, secure domain routing (network virtualization) and IP over DWDM (IPoDWDM) with strengths in IPv6, video transport, and monitoring. This is a product. Enabled with: Mobile Connected Life Price: 800,000 PlanNet Oros Upkeep: 56,000 PlanNet Oros per month Space: 42 Rack Units (RU) Power: 8 kilowatts (kW) Bandwidth capacity: 1,280,000 Mbps Replaces: Router 7500 In the NOC Core layer: Dial-up Internet Broadband Internet Turbo Broadband App Aware Broadband Telepresence Kiosk Hotspot Wi-Fi Consumer 2.5G Mobile Consumer 3G Mobile Consumer 3G with Video Consumer 3G with e-Wallet Consumer 4G Business Converged VPN Business App aware VPN Mgd Digital Signage Business 2.5G Mobile Business 3G Mobile Business 3G with VPN Business 3G with VPN Webex Business 4G Mobile

42

2.1.27
.

Switch Cat3000

Figure 2.27: Switch Cat3000 The Cisco Catalyst 3000 Series Switch is a series of Ethernet switches in the Catalyst family. These are modular switches oﬀering Fast Ethernet and Gigabit Ethernet connectivity with LAN services. They can aggregate connections from other Ethernet Switches, or sometimes can connect end user PCs/laptops/printers/etc. to the network on Ethernet cabling directly. These premier multilayer switches bring greater intelligence to the metro Ethernet edge, enabling the delivery of more diﬀerentiated metro Ethernet services. Featuring hierarchical quality of service (QoS) and traﬃc shaping, intelligent 802. 1Q tunnelling, VLAN mapping, multiprotocol label switching (MPLS) and Ethernet over MPLS (EoMPLS) support, and redundant AC or DC power, these switches are ideal for providers seeking to deliver proﬁtable business services, such as Layer 2, Layer 3, and MPLS VPNS, in a variety of bandwidths and with diﬀerent service-level agreements (SLAs). This is a product. Enabled with: Carrier Ethernet CE Price: 20,000 PlanNet Oros Upkeep: 1,400 PlanNet Oros per month Space: 1 Rack Units (RU) Power: 1 kilowatts (kW) Bandwidth capacity: 32,000 Mbps In the NOC Aggregation layer: Broadband Internet Turbo Broadband App Aware Broadband Telepresence Kiosk Hotspot Wi-Fi Business Converged VPN Business App aware VPN Mgd Digital Signage 43

2.1.28
.

Switch Cat4500

Figure 2.28: Switch Cat4500 The Cisco Catalyst 4500 Series Switch is a series of Ethernet switches in the Catalyst family. These are chassis conﬁguration switches oﬀering Fast Ethernet, Gigabit Ethernet and ten Gigabit Ethernet connectivity. They can aggregate connections from other Ethernet switches. These oﬀer highperformance Layer 2 and Layer 3 switching for service provider aggregation and access deployments. The Catalyst 4500 Series is used for broadband service aggregation (DSL or passive optical network) and ﬁber-to-the-home (FTTH) deployments. The ﬂexible, high-performance system allows service providers to build ﬂexible and scalable networks to accommodate, voice, and video services. This is a product. Enabled with: Carrier Ethernet CE Price: 50,000 PlanNet Oros Upkeep: 3,500 PlanNet Oros per month Space: 15 Rack Units (RU) Power: 4 kilowatts (kW) Bandwidth capacity: 96,000 Mbps In the NOC Aggregation layer: Broadband Internet Turbo Broadband App Aware Broadband Telepresence Kiosk Hotspot Wi-Fi Business Converged VPN Business App aware VPN Mgd Digital Signage

44

2.1.29
.

Switch Cat6500

Figure 2.29: Switch Cat6500 The Cisco Catalyst 4500 Series Switch is a series of Ethernet switches in the Catalyst family. These are chassis conﬁguration switches oﬀering Fast Ethernet, Gigabit Ethernet and ten Gigabit Ethernet connectivity. They can aggregate connections from other Ethernet switches. They form the foundation of Carrier Ethernet architectures by providing leading IP routing, hardware-enabled MPLS, and high-performance integrated in a single platform. This is a product. Enabled with: Broadband Era Price: 400,000 PlanNet Oros Upkeep: 28,000 PlanNet Oros per month Space: 7 Rack Units (RU) Power: 3 kilowatts (kW) Bandwidth capacity: 480,000 Mbps In the NOC Aggregation layer: Broadband Internet Turbo Broadband App Aware Broadband Telepresence Kiosk Hotspot Wi-Fi Business Converged VPN Business App aware VPN Mgd Digital Signage In the NOC SDC Switching layer: Consumer Video Phone IPTV with VOD IP Video Surveillance Telepresence Kiosk Mgd Telepresence Mgd IP Video Surveillance Mgd Digital Signage IAAS Storage IAAS Contact Center PAAS Entertainment PAAS Biz Productivity SAAS Webex 45

2.1.30
.

MDS 9000

Figure 2.30: MDS 9000 Providing industry-leading availability, scalability, security, and management, the Cisco MDS 9500 Series Multilayer Director allows businesses to deploy the highest-performance storage area networks (SANs), with the lowest TCO in the industry. Layering a rich set of intelligent features onto a highperformance, protocol-independent switch fabric, the Cisco MDS 9500 Series addresses the stringent requirements of large data center storage environments. This is a product. Enabled with: Storage Area Network SAN Price: 300,000 PlanNet Oros Upkeep: 21,000 PlanNet Oros per month Space: 13 Rack Units (RU) Power: 0.5 kilowatts (kW) Bandwidth capacity: 2,200,000 Mbps In the NOC SDC Storage layer: Consumer Video Phone IPTV with NPVR IP Video Surveillance Mgd IP Video Surveillance Mgd Digital Signage IAAS Storage PAAS Biz Productivity

46

2.1.31
.

VOIP Gateway

Figure 2.31: VOIP Gateway The Cisco voice gateway solution is ideal for service providers that are building next-generation networks. It is designed to lower network costs and rapidly deliver revenue-generating, carrier-class voice transport services. These services include: ASP termination services, national and international transport services, prepaid and post paid calling card services, and voicemail / uniﬁed messaging. This is a product. Enabled with: Voice over IP VOIP Price: 200,000 PlanNet Oros Upkeep: 14,000 PlanNet Oros per month Space: 14 Racks Units (RU) Power: 2.4 kilowatts (kW) In the NOC SDC Services layer: Consumer VOIP Mgd IP PBX

47

2.1.32
.

Softswitch BTS PGW ITP

Figure 2.32: Softswitch BTS PGW ITP The Cisco VoIP Softswitch is a carrier-class agent that performs the signalling and call-control tasks (such as digit analysis, routing, circuit selection, and more) within the public switched telephone network (PSTN) gateway infrastructure. Taking advantage of a vast Signalling System 7 (SS7) protocol (MGCP), H,323, and Session Initiation Protocol (SIP), it provides service providers with the capability to a smoothly route voice and data calls between the PSTN and New World packet networks. This is a product: Enabled with: Voice over IP VOIP Price: 100,000 PlanNet Oros Upkeep: 7,000 PlanNet Oros per month Space: 10 Racks Units (RU) Power: 1 kilowatts (kW) In the NOC SDC Services layer: Consumer VOIP Mgd IP PBX

48

2.1.33
.

Call Manger with Unity

Figure 2.33: Call Manager with Unity Cisco Uniﬁed Communications Solutions unify voice, video, data, and mobile applications on ﬁxed and mobile networks, enabling easy collaboration every time from any workspace. While the Call Manager component is a powerful call-processing agent, the Unify component is a voice and uniﬁed messaging platform. This is a product. Enabled with: Voice over IP VOIP Price: 50,000 PlanNet Oros Upkeep: 3,500 PlanNet Oros per month Space: 3 Racks Units (RU) Power: 0.3 kilowatts (kW) In the NOC SDC Services layer: Consumer VOIP Mgd IP PBX

49

2.1.34
.

DDOS Servier

Figure 2.34: DDOS Servier The Cisco Distributed Denial of Service (DDOS) solution allows users to block malicious traﬃc without compromising mission-critical and revenuebearing operations. It delivers a powerful, multigigabit integrated solution for defending online applications and businesses, data centers, and the overall network infrastructure against increasingly complex and elusive DDoS attacks. This is a product: Enabled with: DDOS IPS Price: 50,000 PlanNet Oros Upkeep: 3,500 PlanNet Oros per month Space: 2 Racks Units (RU) Power: 0.5 kilowatts (kW) Services requiring this product: In the NOC SDC Services layer: Mgt VPN with FW DDOS IPS

50

2.1.35

NMS ANA

. Cisco Active Network Abstraction (ANA) is a powerful, next-generation

Figure 2.35: NMS ANA network resource management solution designed with a fully distributed OSS mediation platform that abstracts the network, its topology, and its capabilities from the physical elements. Its virtual nature provides customers with a strong and reliable platform for a server activation, service assurance, and network management. This is a product: Enabled with: Broadband Era Price: 50,000 PlanNet Oros Upkeep: 3,500 PlanNet Oros per month Space: 2 Racks Units (RU) Power: 0.5 kilowatts (kW) Services requiring this product: In the NOC SDC Services layer: Turbo Broadband App Aware Broadband Telepresence Kiosk Hotspot Wi-FI Consumer 2.5G Mobile Consumer 3G Mobile Consumer 3G with Video Consumer 3G with e-Wallet Consumer 4G Business App aware VPN Business 2.5G Mobile Business 3G Mobile Business 3G with VPN Business 3G with VPN Webex Business 4G Mobile

51

2.1.36
.

Digital Signage DMS

Figure 2.36: Digital Signage DMS The Cisco Digital Media System (DMS) is a ﬂexible and comprehensive solution for digital signage and desktop video that makes it easy to create, manage, publish, and access high-quality digital media for compelling communications. This is a product: Enabled with: Digital Signage Price: 50,000 PlanNet Oros Upkeep: 3,500 PlanNet Oros per month Space: 2 Racks Units (RU) Power: 0.4 kilowatts (kW) Services requiring this product: In the NOC SDC Services layer: Consumer 3G with e-Wallet Consumer 4G Mgd Digital Signage

52

2.1.37
.

Video System CDS

Figure 2.37: Video System CDS The Cisco Delivery System (CDS) oﬀers a platform for delivering present and future services from diﬀerent sources to a multitude of subscriber devices. The CDS transcends traditional video-on-demand (VoD) and internet streaming solutions to provide a broad range of services, including: VOD, time-shift TV, barker channels, public-access, education, and government channels, internet video and music, and user-generated content services. This is a product: Enabled with: IP Video Price: 20,000 PlanNet Oros Upkeep: 1,400 PlanNet Oros per month Space: 2 Racks Units (RU) Power: 0.4 kilowatts (kW) Services requiring this product: In the NOC SDC Services layer: IPTV with VOD ...............................................................................................................

53

2.2
.

Third Generation

2.2.1
.

3G Base Station

Figure 2.38: 3G Base Station A base station is a communications tower at a ﬁxed location, allowing mobile handsets to connect wirelessly to the rest of the network. The third generation of base stations remains digital as in 2G, but support higher data rates communications. Various ﬂavors of 3G were developed, the main ones being EDGE, CDMA2000, and UMTS. This is a product. Enabled with: 3G IMT-2000 Price: 50,000 PlanNet Oros Upkeep: 3,500 PlanNet Oros per month Space: 50 Rack Unit (RU) Power: 10 kilowatts (kW) Subscriber capacity: 5,000 Connects to media: Cellular Replaces: 2G Base Station Replaced by: IP Base Station As a connection: Consumer 3G Mobile Consumer 3G with Video Consumer 3G with e-Wallet Business 3G Mobile Business 3G with VPN Business 3G with VPN Webex

54

2.2.2
.

Router ASR 1000

Figure 2.39: Router ASR 1000 The Cisco ASR 1000 Series Aggregation Services Router is purpose-built to ﬂexibly adapt to new WAN aggregation and Internet edge requirements over time using the same platform. Powered by the Cisco Quantum Flow Processor, the industrys ﬁrst scalable and programmable application aware network processor, the router features embedded security services that can be instantly turned on and run at multigigabit speeds without compromising network performance or availability. This is a product. Enabled with: 3G IMT-2000 Price: 50,000 PlanNet Oros Upkeep: 3,500 PlanNet Oros per month Space: 6 Rack Units (RU) Power: 1.2 kilowatts (kW) Bandwidth capacity: 40,000 Mbps In the NOC Aggregation layer: Broadband Internet Turbo Broadband App Aware Broadband Consumer 2.5G Mobile Consumer 3G Mobile Consumer 3G with Video Consumer 3G with e-Wallet Consumer 4G Business Converged VPN Business App aware VPN Business 2.5G Mobile Business 3G Mobile Business 3G with VPN Business 3G with VPN Webex Business 4G Mobile

55

2.2.3
.

Switch Nexus

Figure 2.40: Switch Nexus The Cisco Nexus Series Switch is a modular data center class of switches designed fro highly scalable and-to-end 10 Gigabit Ethernet. The fabric architecture scales beyond 15 terabits per second (Tbps) with future support for 40-Gbps and 100-Gbps Ethernet. This new platform is designed for exceptional scalability, continuous system operation, and transport ﬂexibility. The switch is powered by Cisco NX-OS, a state-of-the-art operating system. This is a product. Enabled with: Data Center Virtualization Price: 300,000 PlanNet Oros Upkeep: 21,000 PlanNet Oros per month Space: 25 Rack Units (RU) Power: 7.5 kilowatts (kW) Bandwidth capacity: 15,000,000 Mbps In the NOC SDC Switching layer: Consumer Video Phone IPTV with VOD IP Video Surveillance Telepresence Kiosk Mgd Telepresence Mgd IP Video Surveillance Mgd Digital Signage IAAS Storage IAAS Contact Center PAAS Entertainment PAAS Biz Productivity SAAS Webex

56

2.2.4
.

Video Mgmt VAMS

Figure 2.41: Video Mgmt VAMS The Cisco Video Assurance Management Solutions (VAMS) providers realtime centralized monitoring of headend / hub oﬃce and core, distribution, and aggregation networks for broadcast video transport. This is a product. Enabled with: IPTV QoE Price: 50,000 PlanNet Oros Upkeep: 3,500 PlanNet Oros per month Space: 2 Racks Units (RU) Power: 0.5 kilowatts (kW) Services requiring this product: In the NOC SDC Services layer: Consumer 3G with Video Consumer 3G with e-Wallet Consumer 4G Business 4G Mobile

57

2.2.5
.

Virtualization VFRAME

Figure 2.42: Virtualization VFRAME Cisco VFrame is a virtualization solution, providing advanced policy-based provisioning capabilities for conﬁguring a broad range of server platforms. These policies can be based on simple use cases such as server failures, or more complex use, such as load-balancing servers across multiple clusters. These policies are also fully coordinated with existing virtual systems management platform (like VMware). This is a product: Enabled with: Data Center Virtualization Price: 100,000 PlanNet Oros Upkeep: 7,000 PlanNet Oros per month Space: 2 Racks Units (RU) Power: 0.5 kilowatts (kW) Services requiring this product: In the NOC SDC Services layer: Consumer Video Phone IPTV with NPVR IP Video Surveillance Mgd IP Video Surveillance Mgd Digital Signage IAAS Storage PAAS Biz Productivity

58

2.2.6
.

Media Engine MXE

Figure 2.43: Media Engine MXE The Cisco Media Experience (MXE) is media-processing device that creates diﬀerent media experiences that can be shared across the network from any source to any video endpoint. This net-work-based appliance also provides postproduction capabilities such as video composition, authoring, watermarking, anf text and image overlays. This is a product: Enabled with: Mobile Media Price: 50,000 PlanNet Oros Upkeep: 3,500 PlanNet Oros per month Space: 1 Racks Units (RU) Power: 0.4 kilowatts (kW) Services requiring this product: In the NOC SDC Services layer: Consumer 3G Video Video Consumer 3G with e-Wallet Consumer 4G Business 4G Mobile

59

2.2.7
.

Uniﬁed Computing UCS

Figure 2.44: Uniﬁed Computing UCS The Cisco Uniﬁed Computing System is the next-generation data center platform. Designed to improve IT responsiveness to rapidly changing business demands, it accelerates the delivery of new services simply, reliably, and securely through end-to-end provisioning and migration support for both virtualized and nonvirtualized systems. Its components include the interconnect switches, blade servers, fabrics extenders, network adapters, and management systems. This is a product. Enabled with: Cloud Computing Price: 50,000 PlanNet Oros Upkeep: 3,500 PlanNet Oros per month Space: 5 Racks Units (RU) Power: 0.4 kilowatts (kW) Services requiring this product: In the NOC SDC Services layer: PAAS Biz Productivity

60

2.2.8
.

TelePresence

Figure 2.45: TelePresence Cisco TelePresence creates a live, face-to-face communication experience over the network, which empowers one to collaborate like never before. Cisco TelePresence helps people meet, share content, create high-quality video recordings and events, consult with experts, and deliver powerful personalized services, all using the power of the network for an immersive in-person experience. This is a product. Enabled with: TelePresence Price: 5,000 PlanNet Oros Upkeep: 350 PlanNet Oros per month Space: 2 Racks Units (RU) Power: 0.5 kilowatts (kW) Services requiring this product: In the NOC SDC Services layer: Telepresence Kiosk Mgd Telepresence

61

2.2.9
.

Webex

Figure 2.46: Webex Cisco WebEx is a dynamic web-based meeting platform. It increases productivity and accelerates results across organizations. It gives employees the ability to meet anyone, anywhere, in real time, using Cisco WebEx meeting software. This is a product. Enabled with: Web Conferecing Price: 30,000 PlanNet Oros Upkeep: 2,100 PlanNet Oros per month Space: 2 Racks Units (RU) Power: 0.5 kilowatts (kW) Services requiring this product: In the NOC SDC Services layer: Business 3G with VPN Webex Business 4G Mobile SAAS Webex

62

2.2.10
.

Contact Center

Figure 2.47: Contact Center Cisco Uniﬁed Customer Contact solutions provide powerful collaboration tools that transform customer acre from simple transactions to unique, rich experiences that can be personalized for individual customers. This is a product. Enabled with: Data Center Virtualization Price: 50,000 PlanNet Oros Upkeep: 3,500 PlanNet Oros per month Space: 4 Racks Units (RU) Power: 1 kilowatts (kW) Services requiring this product: In the NOC SDC Services layer: IAAS Contact Center

63

2.2.11
.

Media Platform EOS

Figure 2.48: Media Platform EOS Cisco EoS is a white-label software platform that allows media and entertainment companies to create, manage, and grow online communities around their content. It provides a powerful, integrated platform that brings together social networking, content management, and site administration features into a single operating environment, allowing content owners to deliver immersive consumer experiences, increasing revenue opportunities and reducing operational costs. This is a product. Enabled with: Cloud Computing Price: 20,000 PlanNet Oros Upkeep: 1,400 PlanNet Oros per month Space: 2 Racks Units (RU) Power: 0.4 kilowatts (kW) Services requiring this product: In the NOC SDC Services layer: PAAS Entertainment ..............................................................................................................

64

2.3
.

Fourth Generation

2.3.1
.

IP Base Station

Figure 2.49: IP Base Station A base station is a communications tower at a ﬁxed location, allowing mobile handsets to connect wirelessly to the rest of the network. The IP and WiMAX base statikons are based with support for IP natively. This allows end-to-end communications from the handset to the server and other handsets on IP. This is a product. Enabled with: 4G LTE Wimax Price: 50,000 PlanNet Oros Upkeep: 3,500 PlanNet Oros per month Space: 50 Rack Unit (RU) Power: 10 kilowatts (kW) Subscriber capacity: 5,000 Connects to media: Cellular Replaces: 3G Base Station As a connection: Consumer 4G Business 4G Mobile

65

2.3.2

IPVideo Surveillance

. The Cisco IP Video Surveillance Solution provides broad network-centric

Figure 2.50: IP Video Surveillance capabilities in video surveillance, IP cameras, electronic access control, and groundbreaking technology that converges voice, data, and physical security in a single system. The solution enables customers to use the IP networks as an open platform to build more collaborative and integrated physical security systems while preserving their investments in analog-bases technology. This is a product: Enabled with: IP Video Surveillance Price: 30,000 PlanNet Oros Upkeep: 2,100 PlanNet Oros per month Space: 2 Racks Units (RU) Power: 0.3 kilowatts (kW) Services requiring this product: In the NOC SDC Services layer: IP Video Surveillance Mgd IP Video Surveillance ..............................................................................................................

66

Chapter 3 Description of Researches
3.0.3
.

Copper Wire

Figure 3.1: Copper Wire Copper twisted-pair wire has historically been the most common method of connecting homes and businesses. It allowed for the delivery of early telephone communications. Services over copper wire eventually evolved to include fax, leased-line business communications, dial-up internet and broadband DSL. Twisted-pair was simple and cost-eﬀective for service providers (SPs) to deploy. However, challenges with signal attenuation and interference became more prominent at higher transmission speeds, thus limiting copper in later eras. This is a technology. 67

Cost: 100,000 PlanNet Oros Prerequisites: NONE Technology Discoveries Allowed: Ethernet and Landline Telephone

68

3.0.4
.

Coaxial Cable

Figure 3.2: Coaxial Cable Coaxial cable was used to deliver analog cable TV signals into homes. Coaxial Cable used an insulated shielding to help protect it from electromagnetic interference. This helped increase transmission distances and speeds, which become more of a concern in later eras. Over time, cable services evolved to digital signalling, which improved channel capacity and eventually added two-way communications for broadband access for both homes and businesses via cable modems. This is a technology. Cost: 120,000 PlanNet Oros Prerequisites: None Technology Discoveries Allowed: Ethernet and Analog CATV

69

3.0.5
.

Wireless

Figure 3.3: Wireless Radio networks broadcasters on selected frequencies to deliver communications without wires. Cellular technology enabled mobile phone and pager services to be deployed. By segmenting larger areas into smaller cell sites, the technology provides adequate coverage. Connections were maintained by complex hands oﬀs between Base stations as users moved between diﬀerent cells. This is a technology. Cost: 150,000 PlanNet Oros Prerequisites: None Technologies Discoveries Allowed: 1G Analog Cellular

70

3.0.6
.

Fiber

Figure 3.4: Fiber Fiber optics enabled higher data rates to be transmitted over longer distances than copper or coax alternatives. Information was transmitted using light waves emitted by lasers. In the beginning, due to complexity and cost, ﬁber was used mainly in core network interconnections (depicted as oﬀ net in the game) where high bandwidth was an immediate need. Later, as costs declined, ﬁber became more and more common as a means for high-speed access even into the home (i.e., FTTX). This is a technology. Cost: 200,000 PlanNet Oros Prerequisites: None Technology Discoveries Allowed: SONET/SDH

71

3.0.7
.

Ethernet

Figure 3.5: Ethernet Ethernet (IEEE 802.3) was developed as a method for computers to be connected with other computers in local area networks (LANs). In the early days, it competed with Token Ring and Fiber Distributed Data Interface (FDDI) technologies. Eventually, these alternatives diminished, and Ethernet became the primary mechanism to build LANs. Ethernet was simple. It deﬁned a Media Access Control (MAC) addressing scheme and commonly used either coax or copper twisted pair wiring, although ﬁber was used in some instances too. Transmission speeds have evolved over time from 3 Mbps to 10 Mbps on upwards to 100 Gbps today. This is a technology. Cost: 300,000 PlanNet Oros Prerequisites: Copper wire and Coax Technology Discoveries Allowed: LAN

72

3.0.8
.

SONET/SDH

Figure 3.6: SONET/SDH Synchronous Optical Networks (SONET) with Synchronous Digital Hierarchy (SDH) used ﬁber optics to transport massive circuits of traﬃc. Highcapacity SONET backbones were necessary to deliver business-grade wide area networking (WAN) services. Information was sent using time division multiplexing (TDM) with rates described in terms like Optical Carrier OC-1, OC-3, OC-12, (DWDM) technologies for more eﬀective optical transmission of packet-based traﬃc. This is a technology. Cost :400,000 PlanNet Oros Prerequisites: Fiber Technology Discoveries Allowed: Digital CATV with PPV and WAN and 2G Mobile and DWDM Equipment enabled: Cable Headend Digital

73

3.0.9
.

Landline Telephone

Figure 3.7: Landline Telephone The Public Switches telephone Network (PSTN) provides basic voice communication to both businesses and residents. Human switchboard operators gave way to large automated Class 5 connect people. Over time, advanced features such as emergency services, information, call-waiting, and caller-id became available. Businesses had other advanced options such as private branch exchanges (PBX), Centrex, and interactive voice response (IVR) services (e.g., touch-tone activated automated menus). The ﬁrst data networks ran on top of PSTN infrastructure. Eventually, the introduction of voiceover-IP turned the tide and caused considerable competitive pressure on the proﬁtability of basic PSTN. This is a technology. Cost 600,000 Planet Oros Prerequisites: Copper Wire Technology Discoveries Allowed: Digital Encoding Services allowed: Consumer Phone and Business Phone Features enabled: None Equipment Enabled: Telephone Switch

74

3.0.10
.

Analog CATV

Figure 3.8: Analog CATV For a subscription cost, cable TV provide superior quality pictures in comparison to antenna-based broadcast channels. TV programming was delivered over coax cable strung from poles or trenched underground into subscribers homes. Satellite delivery typically appeared in more rural areas, but its popularity increased once costs came down and dish sizes became smaller. Cable TV subscribers had access to a wider variety of programming channels not available on public broadcast (e.g., specialty Channels such as music videos or out-of-area stations) This is a technology. Cost 650,000 Planet Oros Prerequisites: Coax Cable Technology Discoveries Allowed: Channel Srambling Services allowed: Analog CATV Equip. enabled: Cable Headend Analog

75

3.0.11
.

Channel Scrambling

Figure 3.9: Channel Scrambling Srambling technology gave network operators the ability to control user access to premium subscription services. Special set-top boxes in the home were equipped to receive scrambled signals from the headend if a user paid for it. Thus, providers were able to oﬀer tiered levels of service oﬀerings for premium content such as movie channels for an added proﬁt. This is a technology. Cost: 1,000,000 Planet Oros Prerequisites: Analog CATV Technology Discoveries Allowed: Digital Encoding Services allowed: Premium Analog CATV.

76

3.0.12
.

1G Analog Cellular

Figure 3.10: 1G Analog Cellular First-generation mobile service based on cellular base stations using analog mobile phone service (AMPS) technology. Two-way phone services were quite expensive and mostly reserved for business users and high-end consumers. The bulky nature of phones and batteries made the phones more suitable as car phones rather than personal devices. More popular were the mobile paging services that notiﬁed subscribers to ﬁnd a phone to call someone back at a speciﬁed phone number. Until full alphanumeric characters were supported, people would append special codes as suﬃxes to phone numbers to communicate information (e. g., 911= urgent!). This is a technology. Cost: 750,000 Planet Oros Prerequisites: Wireless Technology Discoveries Allowed: Digital Encoding Services allowed: Consumer 1G Mobile Voice and Business 1G Mobile Voice and Consumer 1G Mobile Pager and Business 1G Mobile Pager. Equipment enabled: 1G Base Station and Mobile Switch MSC.

77

3.0.13
.

Digital Encoding

Figure 3.11: Digital Encoding Innovations in communications theory determined that analog signals could be reproduced digitally (i. e., with ones and zeros) without loss. This conversion of analog to digital allowed transmissions with higher quality and easier storage on electronic devices. Compression algorithms greatly improved efﬁciencies for information delivery in digital formats as well. As a result, service providers could deliver better services more cost eﬀectively using digital formats over analog. Phone, cable, and mobile services all beneﬁted from second-generation digital oﬀerings. This is a technology. Cost: 1,000,000 Planet Oros Prerequisites: Landline Telephone and 1G Analog Cellular and Channel Scrambling Technology Discoveries Allowed: Digital CATV with PPV and 2G Mobile

78

3.0.14
.

Digital CATV with PPV

Figure 3.12: Digital CATV with PPV By using digital signalling and compression technologies, cable operators were to oﬀer more channels to their subscribers over existing cabling infrastructure. This capability allowed a wider proﬁt margin and better customer satisfaction. More national cable network stations emerges, adding more attractive specialty content targeted to speciﬁc user demographics ( cartoons, sports, so-it-yourselfers, etc). Two-way communication between new digital set-top boxes in the home and the headend oﬃce enabled easy pay-per-view services and near-video-on-demand experiences ( e.g., users could order access to movie channels that had staggered starting times). This is a technology. Cost: 5,000,000 Planet Oros Prerequisites: SONET/SDH and Digital Encoding Technology Discoveries Allowed: PVR and Broadband Era Services allowed: Digital CATV with PPV Equipment enabled: Cable Headend Digital

79

3.0.15
.

PVR

Figure 3.13: PVR VCRs were common household items used to play and record programs on analog magnetic tape. However, VCRs were diﬃcult to program, and storage on multiple tapes was cumbersome. With digital recording units, storage was greatly simpliﬁed, and the integration with electronic programming guides (EPG) made recording very simple to do. As a result, time-shifted TV was born. Users could easily record and watch their favourite programs whenever they wanted. Cable TV providers could add personal video recorder (PVR) subscriptions for added revenue. Unfortunately for advertisers, users also began to fast forward through commercials, causing companies to rethink ad strategies. This is a technology. Cost: 3,500,000 Planet Oros Prerequisites: Digital CATV with PPV Technology Discoveries Allowed: HDTV Provides tech upgrades for: Digital CATV with PPV

80

3.0.16
.

HDTV

Figure 3.14: HDTV Further advances in digital compression mechanisms allowed broadcasters to transmit signals in high deﬁnition. High-Deﬁnition TV most noticeably increased picture resolutions for high-quality images. The aspect ratio also shifted from normal 4:3 ratios to widescreen 16:9 formats. Cable TV service providers were able to charge a premium for HDTV and experienced a surge in demand for HDTV subscriptions. The emerge of ﬂat screen monitors and surround-sound systems further added to the frenzy for the latest in home theatre. This is a technology. Cost: 10, 000, 000 PlanNet Oros Prerequisites: PVR Technology Discoveries Allowed: IP Video Services allowed: HDTV with PPV

81

3.0.17
.

LAN

Figure 3.15: Local Area Network LAN LANs connected computing devices together within a small geographic area such as a house, oﬃce building, or small campus. Computer users could easily share ﬁles and information with each other instantly. Early LANs were built on shared media of simple Ethernet hubs and repeaters, where only one device could communicate on the network at a time. Later, the development of Ethernet switching technology allowed for simultaneous conversations and full-duplex operation, which resulted in more intelligent utilization of bandwidth and increased performance. Without doubt, LANs greatly increased the productivity of businesses. However, computers still used a wide variety of diﬀerent protocols to communicate with each other ( Decnet, SNA, IPX, Appletalk, etc.), making it tough on network administrators to manage. TCP/IP converge them. This is a technology. Cost: 600,000 Planet Oros Prerequisites: Ethernet Technology Discoveries Allowed: WAN

82

3.0.18
.

Wide Area Network WAN

Figure 3.16: Wide Area Network WAN WAN allowed for connections between devices separated by geographic distances and greatly increased the eﬀectiveness of LANs. Businesses used WANs to connect remote oﬃce LANs together. Early WANs were expensive, slow, and used protocols such as HDLC and PPP to establish connection. They were private networks built over serial leased lines from the PSTN nailed up between two locations. Speeds typically ranged from 64 Kbps to 2 Mbps. This is a technology. Cost: 600,000 Planet Oros Prerequisites: SONET/SDH and LAN Technology Discoveries Allowed: frame/Cell Switching and TCP/IP Services allowed: Business Leased Luine WAN and MGD WAN with ﬁrewall Features enabled: Modular Software Equipment enabled: WAN Switch IGX MGX and WAN Switch BPX

83

3.0.19
.

Frame/Cell Switching

Figure 3.17: Frame/Cell Switching Packet and cell-switching technology reduced the expensive nature of leased line WANs. This helped accelerate adoption of WANs and improve the profitability of the service provider. Leased lines often had unproductive idle periods where no information was broken up into packets or cells, switched through virtual circuits on shared WAN resources, and reassembled at the destination. This Statistical multiplexing allowed for greater economies, but also forced network administrators to manage delays, jitter and loss. X.25 and Frame Relay were prominent packet switched technologies. Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) was the cell-switching variant. This is a technology. Cost: 1,250,000 Planet Oros Prerequisites: WAN Technology Discoveries Allowed: MPLS Services allowed: Business Packet Switched WAN

84

3.0.20
.

TCP/IP

Figure 3.18: TCP/IP Transmission Control Protocol/ Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) was the foundation upon which the internet was built. TCP/IP speciﬁed a logical IP addressing scheme and deﬁned intelligent routing protocols, so any two devices on the Internet could easily ﬁnd each other. Its ability to encapsulate any message type gave it great ﬂexibility. In private business networks, TCP/IP was used to converge the transportation of multiprotocol networks over a single standardized network protocol, which helped ease the pain of many network administrators. Two of the most popular network applications enabled by TCP/IP were email and the World Wide Web WWW. today, nearly all data networking traﬃcs runs over TCP/IP. This is a technology. Cost: 1,250,000 Planet Oros Prerequisites: WAN Technology Discoveries Allowed: Quality of Service QoS and IPv6 and Dialup RAS and Multicast and Email Services allowed: Business Internet Features enabled: Embedded Event Manager (EEM) Equipment enable: Router 7200 and Router7500 Provides tech upgrades for: Business Leased Line WAN.

85

3.0.21
.

Quality of Service QoS

Figure 3.19: Quality of Service QoS Packet networks allowed not only statistical multiplexing eﬃciencies, but also transportation of multiple services simultaneously. To preserve performance, networks required special features to help ensure Quality of Services ( QoS). With QoS, routers could inspect and prioritize certain traﬃc types over others to help ensure superior performance for important applications ( e. g., voice or video). As a result, network operators could operate their networks at higher capacities and even over capacity without fear of damaging important traﬃc. Low-priority traﬃc was treated with best-eﬀort, while top-priority traﬃc was given the fast lane, ultimately boosting customer satisfaction. This is a technology. Cost: 2,000,000 Planet Oros Prerequisites: TCP/IP Technology Discoveries Allowed: MPLS and SLA Features enabled: Virtual LANs (VLAN)

86

3.0.22
.

IPv6

Figure 3.20: IPv6 The internet was built on IP version 4 (IPv4), which a speciﬁed 4.2 billion unique IP addresses. With the explosion od devices such as computers, cell phones, and even parking meters connecting to the Internet, that address space is near exhaustion. Technologies such as Network Address Translation (NAT) and Port Address Translation (PAT) have been developed to extend the address pool, but the long-term solution is IPv6. IPv6 expands the IP address pool to 340 undecillion (thats 340 with 39 zeros after it) or approximately 50 million IP address for every person who has ever lived. In a world where everyone and everything is connected, IPv6 is arguably overzealous, but nonetheless, inevitable. This is a technology. Cost: 2,500,000 Planet Oros Prerequisites: TCP/IP Technology Discoveries Allowed: Mobile Connected Life Features enable: Active Optical Network (AON)

87

3.0.23
.

Dial-up RAS

Figure 3.21: Dial-up RAS Before the Internet, people attached modems between their computer and a phone line to dial into private bulletin board systems (BBS). When Internet Service Providers (ISPs) emerged, people could use their modems to dial into Remote Access Servers (RAS). These devices were basically just routers with a bunch of modem chips inside them. Modem speeds ranged from a painfully slow 300 baud to 56 kbps. Dial-up users would establish a point-to-point protocol (PPP) session with the RAS, which then used AAA RADIUS servers to perform authentication, authorization, and accounting for the session before allowing users onto the Internet or corporate network. This is a technology. Cost: 1,000,000 Planet Oros Prerequisites: TCP/IP Technology Discoveries Allowed: ISDN Services allowed: Dial-up Internet Equipment enable : 20 RAS 5850s Provider tech upgrades for : Consumer Phone and Business Leased Line WAN

88

3.0.24
.

Multicast

Figure 3.22: Multicast Unicast traﬃc had a single source and single destination. For example, if a user wanted to unicast the same message to 10 friends, 10 separate messages would have to be sent. Obviously, in this case, this method of delivery was ineﬃcient. Multicast allowed a single source to send a message once to multiple destinations. The sender used a multicast address, and the network routers intelligently replicated the message as needed. This was as ideal delivery mechanism for applications such as broadcast video where hundreds, thousands, or even hundreds of thousands could be watching the same program without creating diﬀerence in network congestion. This is a technology. Cost: 2,500,000 PlanNet Oros Prerequisites: TCP/IP Technology Discoveries Allowed: Gaming and IP Video Features enabled: Fabric QoS

89

3.0.25
.

Email

Figure 3.23: Email Electronic mail, often abbreviated as email, uses the Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP) within TCP/IP. Email was a major driver for early Internet Service demand. Email allowed people to use their computers to send written communications to one another. Before email, businesses spent loads of resources on the production, copying, and delivery of paper memos from central mailrooms. Letters to relatives went from taking days for snail mail delivery to electronic delivery in seconds. Email also made it easy to reach a great number of people with little eﬀort, but these also exposed users to ﬂoods of useless email called SPAM. This is a technology. Cost:1,200,000 Planet Oros Prerequisites: TCP/IP Technology Discoveries Allowed: WWW Provides tech upgrades for : dial-up Internet and Business Leased Line WAN

90

3.0.26
.

WWW

Figure 3.24: World Wide Web WWW The development of the World Wide Web (commonly abbreviated as the Web or WWW) revolutionized the way information was presented on the Internet. Prior to web browsers, people used applications that were predominantly text-oriented such as Gopher. Web browsers allowed people to surf diﬀerent websites containing text and images using clickable hypertext links (HTTP) to various Uniform Resource Locators (URLs). The Internet suddenly became easier to use. Businesses began to host websites to reach their customers and eventually, after sec+C21 urity enhancements, billions of dollars in e-commerce now occurs over the web. As technology matured, java scripting, ﬂash programs, and video were added to boost the web experience. This is a technology. Cost: 1,500,000 Planet Oros Prerequisites: Email Technology Discoveries Allowed: ﬁrewall and Instant Messaging and Broadband Era Provides tech upgrades for: Dial-up Internet and Business Internet

91

3.0.27
.

Firewall

Figure 3.25: Firewalls Firewalls created a secure boundary between two networks. A ﬁrewall was provisioned with a set of rules and then inspected incoming and outgoing traﬃc to determine whether traﬃc should be allowed or blocked. Before ﬁrewalls, businesses hesitated to connect internal resources to the Internet out of fear. As a result, Internet access was severely restricted or built on costly parallel networks. Firewalls helped add conﬁdence in subscribers and in turn accelerated the adoption of internet connectivity. To help relieve companies of complex ﬁrewall administration, service providers oﬀered ﬁrewalls as a managed service oﬀering. This is technology. Cost: 750,000 Planet Oros Prerequisites: WWW Technology Discoveries Allowed: Transport Layer Security Services allowed: Mgd WAN with Firewall and Mgd VPN with ﬁrewall Provides tech upgrades for : Business Internet

92

3.0.28
.

Transport Layer Security

Figure 3.26: Transport Layer Security TPS Without secure IP transport, the potential of the Internet was severely limited. People hesitated to provideor sensitive information over unprotected sessions. IP Security protocols such as Secure Sockets Layer (SSL), Secure Shell (SSH), and Transport Layer Security (TLS) provided data security and integrity. For instance, TLS was used to secure web traﬃc (HTTP) to become HTTPS. This opened up the Internet for e-commerce and other sensitive transactions. This is a technology. Cost: 1,250, 000 PlanNet Oros Prerequisites: Firewall Technology Discoveries Allowed: DDOS IPS and E-commerce and Telecommuting

93

3.0.29
.

ISDN

Figure 3.27: ISDN The Integrated Services Device Network (ISDN) provided digital remote access over normal telephone wiring and was alternative to modem-based dialup networking. Digital signalling meant connections to the Internet could be made very quickly by dialling-on-demand. Sometimes, ISDN was used as a backup link between business locations if primary data links failed. ISDN came in two variants: Basic Rate Interface (BRI) and Primary Rate Interface (PRI). BRI was primary found on the subscriber side and consisted of two bearer channels of 64 Kbps each. The two channels could be bonded together using Multilink PPP to provide a total 128 kbps connection, which eclipsed the fastest 56 kbps modem speeds. This is a technology. Cost: 1,500,000 PlanNet Oros Prerequisites: Dialup RAS Technology Discoveries Allowed: Video Phone and Broadband Era Provides tech upgrades for: Consumer Phone and Dial-up Internet and Business Leased Line WAN.

94

3.0.30
.

Video Phone

Figure 3.28: Video Phone Video phones are capable of transmitting both audio simultaneously in twoway communication. Early video phones had rather poor adoption rates. They were expensive to use and only appeared in a handful of enterprises. Much of this failure was due to the lack of cost-eﬀective bandwidth to deliver the quality required for real-time video communications. However, these early advancements were vitality important in setting the stage for future IPbased video conferencing, video on cell phones, webcams, and Telepresence. This is a technology. Cost: 1,000,000 PlanNet Oros Prerequisites: ISDN Technology Discoveries Allowed: IP Video Conferencing Provides tech upgrades for: Business Phone and Business Leased Line WAN

95

3.0.31
.

Instant Messaging

Figure 3.29: Instant Messaging Instant Messaging (IM) is a form of real-time text communications. Conversations can be held one-on-one, in group with friends, or in large public chat rooms. IM diﬀered in concept from email due to its instantaneous nature of response. IM may be the closest thing to mental telepathy because ideas can be exchanged quickly without even uttering a sound. With IM, a whole new lexicon was introduced into the culture, ranging from abbreviations such as LOL to emoticons such as. However, the most notable feature of IM is Presence Awareness. Users know ahead of time who is available for instant communication, reducing the uncertainty and frustration of trying to call someone only to get voicemail. This is a technology. Cost:1,600,000 Planet Oros Prerequisites: WWW Technology Discoveries Allowed: Distance Learning

96

3.0.32
.

2G Mobile

Figure 3.30: 2G Mobile Depending on the region, second-generation (2G) cellular networks were delivered on either the Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) or Global System for Mobile (GSM) communication standards. CDMA was primarily found in parts of Asia and the Americas, whereas GSM was found almost everywhere else (about 80 percent of the world). 2G mobile still had not converged onto IP networks and instead continued to operate on separate TDM-based infrastructure. 2G systems used digital signalling to improve voice quality, coverage density, and battery life, which greatly increased the appeal to consumer users. Phones became pocket sized. The costs of owning and operating a mobile phone were greatly reduced, and mobile phones became less of a novelty reserved for the elite. This is a technology. Cost: 5,000,000 Planet Oros Prerequisites: Digital Encoding and SONET/SDH Technology Discoveries Allowed: Mobile Texting Services allowed: Consumer 2G Mobile and Business 2G Mobile Equipment enable: 2G Base Station Provides tech upgrades for : Consumer Phone

97

3.0.33
.

Mobile Texting

Figure 3.31: Mobile Texting Texting on mobile phones was ﬁrst delivered using Short Messaging Service (SMS) protocol and allowed people to send short (160 characters or less) text messages to other people. Early editions were cumbersome to operate, because messages needed to be spelled out using the 12-digit keypad common to telephones. Predictive text software helped ease the pain, but most users just degrade to using shorthand spellings that angered grammar teachers. As texting rose in popularity, full keyboards were released on phones. Texting quickly grew to become the most widely used data application in the world with approximately 2.5 billion people sending texts from their mobile devices. This is a technology. Cost: 2,000,000 PlanNet Oros Prerequisites: 2G Mobile Technology Discoveries Allowed: 2.5G Mobile Provides tech upgrades for : Consumer 2G Mobile and Business 2G Mobile

98

3.0.34
.

MPLS

Figure 3.32: Multiprotocol Label Switching MPLS Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS) was a transport mechanism for communications. It encapsulated data packets with labels that helped them reach their destination faster than traditional mechanisms, resulting in higher scalability. Label switching also allowed Layer 2 and Layer 3 private VPNS to operate over a shared routing infrastructure. Thus, service providers could more proﬁtably deliver many diﬀerent customer private networks simultaneously over a converged architecture without concern for complex address management or security compromises. MPLS was also ﬂexibly protocol agnostic and, when used in tandem with TCP/IP, was ideally suited for the heart of communication networks. This is a technology. Cost: 2,500,000 Planet Oros Prerequisites: Frame/Cell switching and QoS Technology Discoveries Allowed: Traﬃc Engineering TE and Broadband Era Equipment enable: Router 10 000 and Router 12 000 and 25 MSPPs

99

3.0.35
.

SLA

Figure 3.33: Service-Level Agreement SLA A service-level agreement (SLA) was a negotiated agreement on service quality between the subscriber and a service provider. SLAs were needed for managed service oﬀerings. For instance, when services were outsourced to the service provider (e.g., managed Firewall or managed WAN), the business subscriber negotiated an SLA with the provider. An SLA set the customers expectations about performance, availability, and responsibilities, and guarantees for a particular service level for a given fee. If SLAs were not met, the service provider could be penalized for failures to comply. Consequently, accurate network management tools were required to monitor, detect, and pre-empt any threatening situations to the SLA. This is a technology. Cost: 2,000,000 PlanNet Oros Prerequisites: Quality of Services QoS Technology Discoveries Allowed: Traﬃc Engineering TE and Deep Packet Inspection DPI Services allowed: Mgd WAN with ﬁrewall and Mgd VPN with ﬁrewall and Mgd VPN with FW DDOS IPS and Mgd IP PBX and Mgd Uniﬁed Communications and Mgd UC with Video Phones and Mgd Telepresence and Mgd Holograms and Mgd IP Video Surveillance Features enabled: Control Plane Policing (CPP) Security Provides tech upgrades for : Consumer VOIP

100

3.0.36
.

Traﬃc Engineering TE

Figure 3.34: Traﬃc Engineering TE Traﬃc Engineering (TE) was a technique used by network administrators to engineer and optimize the ﬂow of packets within a network. An operator could shape the traﬃc ﬂows by relying on various factors like resource utilization, service criticality, and optimal paths to make the best decision for a particular traﬃc ﬂow. It was an added feature that enhanced existing transport mechanisms like MPLS, resulting in tighter SLAs and better customer satisfaction. This is a technology. Cost: 3,500,000 PlanNet Oros Prerequisites: MPLS and SLA Technology Discoveries Allowed: IPoDWDM and Voice Quality Features enabled: Femto Cells Provides tech upgrades for: Business Converges VPN

101

3.0.37
.

DWDM

Figure 3.35: Dense Wavelength-Division Multiplexing DWDM Dense wavelength-division multiplexing (DWDM) technology greatly multiplied the traﬃc-carrying capacity on existing ﬁber-optic cables. Each wavelength (or color) of light used in a ﬁber-optic cable was capable of carrying a ﬂow of information. Prior mechanisms of wavelength-division multiplexing (WDM) only allowed, at best, a couple of wavelengths to be carried within one cable. With DWDM, the cable carried tens of wavelengths within a single cable, boosting its bandwidth capacity signiﬁcantly. The results is that service providers could get much more out of the existing optical equipment and ﬁber cables in the ground without having to dig and pull new ﬁber cables for more capacity. This is a technology. Cost: 1,000,000 Planet Oros Prerequisites: SONET/SDH Technology Discoveries Allowed: IPoDWDM and Carrier Ethernet CE and STORAGE AREA NETWORK (SAN)

102

3.0.38
.

IPoDWDM

Figure 3.36: IP over DWDM IP over DWDM (IPoDWDM) was a technique that combined IP (or Layer 3 packet) forwarding with DWDM (or Layer optical) transport. This convergence helped service providers reduce capital and operating expenses by collapsing multiple devices into a single system. As a result, less space, power, and cooling was required for core network infrastructure, which helped decease the carbon footprint of the service provider. An additional benﬁt was higher reliability due to both layers working together as one system. IPoDWDM was applicable for high-speed links and was usually deployed in the core and edge of provider networks. This is a technology. Cost: 2,250,000 PlanNet Oros Prerequisites: DWDM and Traﬃc Engineering TE Technology Discoveries Allowed: Medianet Era Features enabled: Carrier Grade NAT (CGNAT) and Voice/Video Call Admission

103

3.0.39
.

Broadband Era

Figure 3.37: Broadband Era Broadband access greatly increased the speeds at which people accessed the Internet Speeds grew from 356 kbps to 100s of Mbps. Webpages that once minutes to load now completed in seconds. As speeds grew, so did the richness of available content on the web. Digital subscriber line(DSL) oﬀered high-speed access over existing telephone lines, while cable modems oﬀered also created a clear advantage over satellite TV competitors. With the arrival of broadband, the role of the Internet became always on with broadband.net on demand with dial up, the Internet became always on with broadband. This is a technology. Cost: 10,000,000 Planet Oros Prerequisites: ISDN and Digital CATV with PPV and MPLS and WWW Technology Discoveries Allowed: carrier Ethernet CE and Voice over IP VOIP and 2.5G Mobile and DDOS IPS and Search Engine Services allowed: Broadband Internet and Business Converged VPN and Mgd VPN with Firewall Features enable: in fabric multicast replication and Device High Availability (HA) Equipment enable: 50 DSLAMs and 10 CMTS UBRs and Switch Cat6500 and Router 7600 and NMS ANA Provides Tech Upgrades for: Dial-up Internet and Digital CATV with PPV

104

3.0.40
.

Carrier Ethernet CE

Figure 3.38: Carrier Ethernet CE Due to low cost and simplicity, Ethernet technology dominated computer communications (LANs). As aresults, service providers seriously began looking at using Ethernet technology to connect businesses and oﬃces to one another in Metro Area Networks (MANs). By adopting Ethernet technology, service providers could use it to reduce operational costs and easily oﬀer Ethernet services. The unique needs of the service provider spawned innovations in Ethernet scaling as well as operations, administration, maintenance, and provisioning (OAM & P). Carrier Ethernet is used for high-speed connections for businesses, Internet access, home video delivery, and even mobile phones. For example, the only part of mobile traﬃc that goes through the air today is between the handset and the cell tower. Once it gets to the cell tower, a Cisco mobile wireless router (MWR) is used, and Carrier Ethernet delivers your mobile calls, text, video, and mobile Internet traﬃc over land to the service provider switching center in the central oﬃce. This is a technology. Cost: 12,500,000 PlanNet Oros Prerequisites: Broadband Era and DWDM Technology Discoveries Allowed: Service Personalization Features enabled: System Resiliency and Admission Control RSVP Equipment enabled: Switch Cat3000 and Switch Cat4500 Provides tech upgrades for: business Converged VPN

105

3.0.41
.

Service Personalization

Figure 3.39: Service Personalization Subscriber service personalization allowed people to set and control personal access policies from a webpage. For example, customers could provision extra speed (turbo), assign parental controls, or prioritize certain traﬃc types. The service provider network was equipped with the intelligence to authenticate the users, identify their traﬃc ﬂows, establish the policies to them, and then bill accordingly. Another application using this technology was known as a walled garden. Walled gardens are areas with limited services to which users could be directed. For example, if you stayed at a hotel with WiFi access, you may only be able to access the hotel services webpage until you agree to pay a usage fee for general Internet access. Service providers could use this technology to quarantine delinquent customers, only allowing them access to settle bills disconnecting a service entirely. This is a technology. Cost: 8,000,000 PlanNet Oros Prerequisites: Carrier Ethernet CE Technology Discoveries Allowed: Wireless LAN and Deep Packet Inspection DPI and FTTX Services allowed: Turbo Broadband Features enabled: Ethernet OAM (Ops Admn & Maintenance) Provides tech upgrades for: Consumer VOIP

106

3.0.42
.

Wireless LAN

Figure 3.40: Wireless LAN Wireless LANs are delivered using IEEE 802.11 standards technology. Known as WiFi, it allows people to remain connected within a small geographic area without the needs for wires. Hotspots emerged in public places like airports, hotels, and coﬀee shops. Some cities began progressive wireless LAN projects to provide free Internet to residents. In the home, wireless LANs allowed people to move their computing and Internet experiences out of the study or computer room and into other living spaces, both inside and outside. The freedom from wires also led more home devices such as music libraries, storage, and gaming systems to easily connect to the Internet setting up the inevitable idea of the Connected Home. This is a technology. Cost: 10,000,000 PlanNet Oros Prerequisites: Service Personalization Technology Discoveries Allowed: Connected Home Services allowed Hotspot WiFi Features enable: Virtual Firewall Equipment enable: 50 WiFi Base Stations Provides tech upgrades for: Broadband Internet and Business Converged VPN

107

3.0.43
.

Voice over IP VOIP

Figure 3.41: Voice over IP VOIP Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) changed the world of voice communications. Instead of phone calls being made over circuit-switched networks, voice was packetized and sent over IP data links. To do this, VoIP gateways used CODECs (G.711, G.729, and G.723) to convert analog voice into digital formats. These were then stuﬀed into IP packets and routed across the network. The receiving VoIP gateway would buﬀer, reassembled, and reconvert the digital formats back into analog for playback. Ironically, instead of data running over voice-grade lines using modems, voice was a real-time application running over data. VoIP was initially populate (and also heavily regulated in some countries) as a pre-paid calling card service for wholesome long-distance toll bypass. Cable companies began to oﬀer VoIP services to complete with traditional phone companies. SPs also oﬀered managed IP PBXs to businesses that found integration with IP-based applications enhanced productivity. This is a technology. Cost: 7,500,000 Planet Oros Prerequisites: Broadband Era Technology Discoveries Allowed: Uniﬁed Communication And TeleCommuting and Voice Quality Services allowed: Consumer VOIP and Mgd IP PBX Features enable: Session Border Controller (SVC) Equipment enable: Softswitch BTS PGW ITP and Call Manager with Unity and VOIP Gateway PTU for: Consumer Phone and Consumer Phone and Dial-up Internet and 108

Broadband Internet and Consumer VOIP and Business Phone and Business Converged VPN and Mgd IP PBX

109

3.0.44
.

2.5G Mobile

Figure 3.42: 2.5G Mobile The term second and a half generation was used to describe 2G mobile systems that had implemented a packet-switched domain for voice. 2.5G delivered data applications such as email, ﬁle transfer, and limited websites. Integrated digital cameras were a popular addition to handsets, and users could now send and share photos in real time. Phones also speed smaller and cheaper, accelerating adoption into mainstream. Unfortunately, data access were still rather slow and expensive and lacked true Internet connectivity. 3G mobile would make big steps to solve those problems. This is a technology. Cost: 7,500,000 PlanNet Oros Prerequisites: Broadband Era and Mobile Texting Technology Discoveries allowed: Uniﬁed Communications Services allowed: Consumer 2.5G Mobile and business 2.5G Mobile Features enabled: Hierarchical QoS (HQoS) Equipment enabled: 25 MWRs Provides tech upgrade for: Consumer Phone

110

3.0.45
.

Uniﬁed Communications

Figure 3.43: Uniﬁed Communications VoIP was deployed by business users due to cost savings and operational simplicity. VoIP calls made from IP private branch exchanges (PBXs) were nearly free, and phones could be added or moved with a fraction of the time and eﬀort needed for traditional PBX oﬀerings. However, the unique ability of VoIP to integrate with other data applications using IP is what really diﬀerentiated it from traditional circuit-switched oﬀerings. Uniﬁed communications (UC) integrated desk phones with softphones (turning a PC into a phone), mobile phones, voicemail, email, IM, and other software applications such as call center routing and web conferencing. The workforce beneﬁted from a greater degree of productivity, eﬃciency, and mobility in their day-to-day lives. This is a technology. Cost: 7,500,000 PlanNet Oros Prerequisites: Voice over IP VOIP and 2.5G Mobile Technology Discoveries Allowed: Mobile Connected Life Services allowed: Mgd Uniﬁed communications Features enabled: Integrated Video Module Provides tech upgrades for : Business Phone and Business Converged VPN and Business Converged VPN and Business 2.5G Mobile and IAAS Storage

111

3.0.46
.

DDOS IPS

Figure 3.44: DDOS IPS A distributed denial-of-service attack (DDoS) is a malicious action designated to block the availability of a network resource (e.g.., a website). Sometimes, targets are extorted for money, threatened with a DDoS attack unless some fee is paid. The target of a DDoS attack is ﬂooded with requests from multiple sources, rendering it unable to respond to legitimate users. For business users who depend on the Internet, this type of attack could mean millions lost in revenue (e.g., banks, ecommerce sites, etc.). To combat these security threats, routers and switches were upgraded to detect and deny DDoS attacks, and intrusion prevention systems (IPS) allowed for more sophisticated signature detection methods for malicious traﬃc. Service providers who offered DDoS and IPS protection could oﬀer managed security for a premium price. This is a technology. Cost: 5,000,000 PlanNet Oros Prerequisites: Broadband Era and Transport Layer Security Services allowed: Mgd VPN with FW DDOS IPS Features enabled: Secure Domain Router (SDR) Equipment enabled: DDOS Servier Provides tech upgrades for: Broadband Internet and IPTV with VOD and IP Video Surveillance and Telepresence Kiosk and Hotspot Wi-Fi and Business Converged VPN and Mgd Telepresence and IAAS Contact Center and PAAS Biz Productivity and SAAS Webex

112

3.0.47
.

Search Engine

Figure 3.45: Search Engine Search engines greatly accelerated the use of the WWW by making it easier to ﬁnd information on the Internet. Before search engines, navigating the WWW was not very easy. People would have to type in known websites addresses and were generally restricted to surﬁng the links contained on these pages. A search engine works by ﬁrst crawling to automatically scan the web for content, indexing to categorize the information by keywords, and ﬁnally searching to ﬁnd and return results. Search engines allowed people to type in any subject of interest and receive a list of websites. Over time, search engines became more sophisticated, returning lists in ranked order by relevance. This capability led to lucrative ways to monetize the service with revenue from targeted advertising. This is a technology. Cost: 7,500,000 PlanNet Oros Prerequisites: Broadband Era Technology Discoveries Allowed: E-commerce and Blogging and Peer to Peer P2P Provides tech upgrades for: Broadband Internet and Hotspot Wi-Fi and Consumer 2.5G Mobile and Business 2.5G Mobile

113

3.0.48
.

E-commerce

Figure 3.46: E-commerce Electronic commerce, commonly known e-commerce, refers to the buying and selling of goods or services over computer networks such as the Internet. With the introduction of secure IP transport, e-commerce grew to billions of dollars transacted each year. The technology revolutionized business models from traditional physical brick-and-mortar locations into virtual web-based presence. E-commerce can be categorized into three types of relationships. B2B refers to business-to-business, where companies conduct ﬁnancial transactions over secure Internet links (e.g., payments, credits, orders). B2C refers to business-to customers. Finally, C2C refers to consumer-to-consumer, where individuals are empowered to list and sell directly to other consumers (e.g., Craigslist.org or freecycle user groups). This is a technology. Cost: 10,000,000 PlanNet Oros Prerequisites: Search Engine and Transport Layer Security Technology Discoveries Allowed: Targeted Advertising and Digital Rights Mgmt DRM and Gaming Features enabled: Video Monitoring (Vidmon) Provides tech upgrades for: Broadband Internet and Hotspot Wi-Fi and Business Converged VPN

114

3.0.49
.

Deep Packet Inspection DPI

Figure 3.47: Deep Packet Inspection DPI Deep packet inspection (DPI) is a form of traﬃc ﬁltering that allows routers to examine the data contents of a packet instead of just header information. This capability allows networks administrators to assign network policies to traﬃc beyond simple sources and destinations. The network can make routing decisions based on actual traﬃc content. For example, DPI can be used to deliver application-aware routing for better QoS, enable targeted advertising, or enhance security for ﬁrewalls and threat protection. This is a technology. Cost: 5,000,000 PlanNet Oros Prerequisites: SLA and Service Personalization Technology Discoveries Allowed: targeted Advertising Services allowed: App Aware Broadband and Business App aware VPN Features enabled: Walled Garden

115

3.0.50
.

Targeted Advertising

Figure 3.48: Targeted Advertising Targeted advertising attempts to narrow down ad placement to speciﬁc groups of users based on traits such as demographics, history, known preferences, or observed behaviour. For example, a service provider could elect to show different kinds of ads to their IPTV users based on past viewing habits or other publically shared proﬁle information. A teenage male may see an entirely diﬀerent as than a mother of three. Compared to broad generic methods, targeted advertising has been found to be much more eﬀective in driving ultimate purchase decisions. Integration of local ad insertion and subscriber identiﬁcation allows service providers to partner with advertisers for new revenue-sharing opportunities. This is a technology. Cost: 30,000,000 PlanNet Oros Prerequisites: E-commerce and Deep Packet Inspection DPI Technology Discoveries Allowed: Digital Signage Features enabled: IPoDWDM Proactive Protection Provides tech upgrades for: Broadband Internet and IPTV with VOD and Hotspot Wi-Fi and Consumer 2.5G Mobile and PAAS Entertainment and PAAS Biz Productivity

116

3.0.51
.

Blogging

Figure 3.49: Blogging Blog is a contraction of the word weblog. Any person can author and share personal stories, opinions, or ideas on any speciﬁc topic of interest on the web. Entertainment, politics, and product reviews are popular topics. Whereas publication to mass audiences was once reserved for newspaper columnists and other controlled media outlets, blogging greatly empowered the anonymous citizen to have a voice and create a community of followers. It was a signiﬁcant development creating the web 2.0 experience. The ability for readers to leave comments and ratings created a better real-time exchange of ideas as opposed to traditional print and broadcast media. This is a technology. Cost: 10,000,000 PlanNet Oros Prerequisites: Search Engine Provides tech upgrades for: Broadband Internet and Hotspot Wi-Fi and Consumer 3G Mobile and Business Converged VPN and Business 3G Mobile and PAAS Entertainment

117

3.0.52
.

FTTX

Figure 3.50: FTTX As subscriber demand for bandwidth continued to skyrocket, service providers were compelled to ﬁber out to customers to meet their needs. FTTX is a term that refers to using ﬁber optic cable in the last mile local loop of a neighborhood. The X acts as a generic placeholder for various deployment models: ﬁber-to-the node (FTTN), ﬁber-to-the-curb (FTTC), ﬁber-to-thebuilding (FTTB), and ﬁber-to-the-home (FTTH). The cost of pulling ﬁber out into the local loop was not cheap but necessary for high-bandwidth services of the future. Hence, FTTX took on various models based on the degree of penetration into the customer premise. This is a technology. Cost: 12,000,000 PlanNet Oros Prerequisites: Service Personalization Features enables: Virtualization and Mobile Gateways (PDSN,GGSN) Equipment enabled: 20 Cat2000 Switches Provides tech upgrades for: Dial-up Internet

118

3.0.53
.

Peer to Peer P2P

Figure 3.51: Peer to Peer P2P Peer-to-peer (P2P) networking allowed for sharing of ﬁles and resources directly between computers, which changed traditional client-server networking models. In a P2P network, any computer functions simultaneously as both client and server, distributing resources versus centralizing them. Users can join a P2P network and share their system with others. Intelligent software would locate ﬁles stored on multiple hosts, download fragments from each source, and reassemble them on the receiving end. This development resulted in faster performance because most Internet access had upload speeds that were slower than download speeds. For instance, if download speeds were 10x greater than upload speeds , a ﬁle could be split into 10 diﬀerent fragments from 10 diﬀerent hosts to receive the ﬁle at full speed. P2P was hugely popular (and hugely illegal) for the exchange of music and video content. P2P forced innovations in digital rights management to protect legal copyright issues. P2P encouraged many new broadband subscribers, but it also put a huge load on SP network resources, making it a liability to proﬁts if left unchecked. This is a technology. Cost: 10, 000, 000 PlanNet Oros Prerequisites: Search Engine Technology Discoveries Allowed: Digital Rights Mgmt DRM Provides tech upgrades for : Dial-up Internet and Broadband Internet and Consumer VOIP and Hotspot Wi-Fi

119

3.0.54
.

Digital Rights Mgmt DRM

Figure 3.52: Digital Rights Mgmt DRM With the innovations in digital media and P2P networking, the casual exchange of free content was a huge concern to the revenues of publishers and production companies. Digital rights management (DRM) emerged as an access control technology used by publishers, copyright holders, and hardware manufacturers to limit usage of digital media or devices. For example, a publisher could limit the number of viewings, number of copies, or number of devices to which the media could be transferred. Many attempts to deliver DRM were easily circumvented by savvy users. Many critics protests that DRM is not the answer and hurts the industry in the digital age. In the end, DRM did help establish viable online digital media stores by limiting illegal distribution. However, much of the rise could also be attributed to redeﬁned business models and fairly priced content. As evidence, some of the most popular and proﬁtable digital media stores are now DRM-free today. This is a technology. Cost: 15,000,000 PlanNet Oros Prerequisites: Peer to Peer P2P and E-commerce Provides tech upgrades for: Dial-up Internet and Broadband Internet and Hotspot Wi-Fi and Consumer 2.5G Mobile and Business 2.5G Mobile.

120

3.0.55
.

Telecommuting

Figure 3.53: Telecommuting The Internet had a dramatic impact on home and work life with the development of reliable and speedy access in the home. Telecommuting allowed users to commute to work over secure telecommunication lines, instead of physically driving into the oﬃce everyday. With VoIP and high-speed Internet broadband access, teleworkers could create virtual remote oﬃces in their homes. This capability oﬀered both environmental and social side beneﬁts by helping to reduce carbon emissions and road congestion. Businesses had to adjust management styles and philosophies to embrace a distributed workforce. However, people who worked at home enjoyed a greater degree of ﬂexibity in working locations and hours. As a results, employees displayed greater job satisfaction and productivity. This is a technology. Cost: 15,000,000 PlanNet Oros Prerequisites: Voice over IP VOIP and Transport Layer Security Technology Discoveries Allowed: Distance Learning and Connected Home Provides tech upgrades for: Broadband Internet and Hotspot Wi-Fi and Business Converged VPN and Mgd IP PBX

121

3.0.56
.

Distance Learning

Figure 3.54: Distance Learning Just as telecommuting expanded businesses with virtual remote oﬃces, distance learning used the Internet to extend the boundaries of education to the virtual classroom. Students could now receive instruction remotely as opposed to physically attending classes on campus. Teachers and students communicated through online websites, chat rooms, ﬁle sharing, and audio/video recordings. The emergence of collaborative tools, video, and web conferencing futher enhanced real-time communications options. The ﬂexibility greatly increased the ability to align education goals with work and personal schedules. Students, untethered by geographical choices, could choose instruction from the best institutions. Businesses also leveraged distance learning technology to lower costs of training of their workforce. This is a technology. Cost: 15,000,000 PlanNet Oros Prerequisites: Telecommuting and Instant Messaging Technology Discoveries Allowed: Mobile Connected Life Provides tech upgrades for: Broadband Internet and Hotspot Wi-Fi and Business Converged VPN

122

3.0.57
.

Connected Home

Figure 3.55: Connected Home High-speed broadband established the Internet as always on in consumer homes. Wireless LANs helped accelerate the ease connectivity within the home, eliminating costly installation and the poor aesthetics of wires. More and more devices began connecting to the Internet beyond home computers, creating the connected home. Entertainment systems that oﬀered networked music and video libraries, game consoles, security systems, IP set-top-boxes for TV and video-on demand (VOD), home environment control systems, and even small kitchen appliances all became connected and controllable through IP networks. This is a technology. Cost: 20,000,000 PlanNet Oros Prerequisites: Wireless LAN and Telecommuting Technology Discoveries Allowed: Mobile Connected Life Features enabled: IP Service Level Agreement Provides tech upgrades for: Broadband Internet

123

3.0.58
.

Gaming

Figure 3.56: Gaming Computer gaming began as isolated experiences on local machines such as PCs or game consoles and were stereotypically classiﬁed as antisocial activities. Online gaming refers to the ability of multiple players to share a gaming experience over a network. At ﬁrst, simple text-based games were played online by dialling into a BBS with modems. As LANs emerged, graphics-based multiplayer games rose in popularity (e.g., Doom). With the advancements in broadband, online gaming exploded as users could play with anyone around the world who had an Internet connection. From online poker to massively of an antisocial one. Service providers could oﬀer gamers premium services to help ensure the QoS needed for optimized game play. This is a technology. Cost: 12,000,000 PlanNet Oros Prerequisites: E-commerce and Multicast Technology Discoveries Allowed: Virtual Worlds Provides tech upgrades for: Broadband Internet and Hotspot Wi-Fi and Consumer 2.5G Mobile

124

3.0.59
.

Voice Quality

Figure 3.57: Voice Quality The circuit-switched telephone network had been in place for decades with well-known quality standards. With packet-based VoIP, calls were subject to potential compromises in voice quality from analog to digital conversion, delay, jitter, and loss over an IP network. Critics questioned whether VoIP could ever be as high quality as the PSTN. As a result, routers and gateways were enabled with high-quality audio codecs to encode speech, sophisticated packet marking and queuing mechanisms to reduce delays, and adaptive jitter buﬀers to help ensure steady voice play-out with minimal delay. Once concerns over quality and local regulation were addressed, VoIP, with all its economic attractiveness, entered the mainstream. This is a technology. Cost: 20,000,000 PlanNet Oros Prerequisites: Voice over IP VOIP and Traﬃc Engineering TE Technology Discoveries Allowed: IP Video Quality Features enabled: Visual Quality of Experiences (VQE) Provides tech upgrades for: Consumer Phone and Consumer VOIP and Mgd IP PBX

125

3.0.60
.

Content Caching

Figure 3.58: Content Caching To conserve bandwidth and improve response times for viewers, Internet service providers deployed nodes that cached content in strategic locations on the network. The idea was that popular ﬁles could be temporarily stored closer to the edge, serving the network from having to transport repetitive traﬃc over the core backbone. This development allowed service providers to save the capital costs of expensive high-capacity links and improve utilization and performance in the network without sacriﬁcing customer satisfaction. This concept of caching planted the seeds for other forms of virtualization in the data and most notably applied to video applications. This is a technology. Cost: 20,000,000 PlanNet Oros Prerequisites: Digital Rights Mgmt DRM Technology Discoveries Allowed: Storage Area Network SAN and IP Video Features enabled: Deep Packet Inspection (DPI) Providers tech upgrades for: Broadband Internet and Hotspot Wi-Fi and Consumer 2.5G Mobile and Mgd Digital Signage and Business 2.5G Mobile

126

3.0.61
.

Storage Area Network SAN

Figure 3.59: Storage Area Network SAN A storage area network (SAN) is a network architecture used to attach remote computer storage devices ( such as disk arrays, tape libraries, and optical jukeboxes) to serves so that devices appeared locally attached to the operating system. Storage can be distributed across geographies and rapidly added to serves when needed without physically having to move equipment and rewire data centers. With the advent of SAN, users started seeing free email account oﬀerings and online photo hosting from providers with unlimited ﬁle space. The technology also provided clear beneﬁts to very large enterprises with massive amounts of servers and data. Thos approach provided greater cost-eﬃciencies, scalability, faulttolerance, and security for storage and helped to set up the eventual evolution toward full data center virtualization. This is a technology. Cost: 25,000,000 PlanNet Oros Prerequisites: Content Caching and DWDM Technology Discoveries Allowed: User Generated Content and Data Center Virtualization and Network PVR Services allowed: IAAS Storage Equipment enabled: MDS 9000 Provides tech upgrades for: Broadband Internet and IPTV with VOD and IP Video Surveillance and Hotspot Wi-Fi and Consumer 2.5G Mobile and Mgd IP Video Surveillance and Mgd Digital Signage and Business 2.5G Mobile

127

3.0.62
.

Digital Signage

Figure 3.60: Digital Signage Digital Signage refers to advertisements that run on electronic displays such as LCD TV monitors. Their ability to provide multimedia video, audio and animation make them more engaging to an audience than traditional static signs. Furthermore, if connected to the service provider network, content can be easily updated to show diﬀerent ads in real time. This allowed digital signs to target speciﬁc demographics. For example, if a sporting arena hosted a baseball game in the daytime and a teen pop concert at night, the signs could easily be ﬂipped with diﬀerent advertisements to address each distinct audience. This is a technology. Cost: 20,000,000 PlanNet Oros Prerequisites: Targeted Advertising Technology Discoveries Allowed: Mobile Commerce and TV Commerce Services allowed: Mgd Digital Signage Equipment enabled: Digital Signage DMS Provides tech upgrades for: Hotspot Wi-Fi

128

3.0.63
.

Mobile Connected Life

Figure 3.61: Mobile Connected Life Cheaper handsets and rate plans with 2.5Gmobile services helped mobile phones enter the mainstream. Mobile phones found their way into childrens backpacks just as commonly as parents briefcases. To accommodate the explosive demand for more phone numbers, new area codes suddenly emerged everywhere. Mobility created the connected life. People could live untethered by wires while still communicating directly with anyone at anytime and anywhere. The Internet could now ﬁt in your pocket and follow you wherever you went. As a result, usage of data services and texting began to skyrocket. This is a technology. Cost: 50,000,000 PlanNet Oros Prerequisites: Uniﬁed Communications and Connected Home and IPv6 and Distance Learning Technology Discoveries Allowed: IP Video and 3G IMT-2000 and Web Conferencing and User Generated Content and Virtual Worlds and Data Center Virtualization Features enabled: Zero Touch Transport and Network Level Resiliency Equipment enabled: CRS-1 Provides tech upgrades for: Hotspot Wi-Fi and Consumer 2.5G Mobile and Business 2.5G Mobile

129

3.0.64
.

IP Video

Figure 3.62: IP Video Internet Protocol Television (IPTV) changed video much like VoIP changed telephony. IPTV allowed digital TV programs to be broadcast over IP networks. IPTV was a bandwidth-intensive application requiring careful network design practices similar to VoIP. Businesses were early adopters of IPTV, using it for internal communications, training, and corporate announcements deliver to employee laptops. In the consumer space, cable TV companies were already oﬀering triple-play VoIP, video, and data bundled services to compete with telephone providers. IPTV allowed telephone companies to bundle their own triple-play service and oﬀer a competitive video alternative to cable TV over broadband connections. IPTV was often oﬀers in conjunctions with video-on-demand (VOD). First-run movies and obscure titles (i.e., long-tail content) were popular VOD selections. This is a technology. Cost: 70,000,000 PlanNet Oros Prerequisites: Mobile Connected Life and Content Caching and HDTV and Multicast Technology Discoveries Allowed: IP Video Quality and IP Video Conferencing and Network PVR and IP Video Surveillance Services allowed: IPTV with VOD Features enabled: Network Flow Monitoring Equipment enabled: Video System CDS and Router ASR 9000 Provides upgrade for: Dial-up Internet and Broadband Internet and Hotspot Wi-Fi and Digital CATV with PPV and Consumer 3G Mobile and Busi130

ness Converged VPN and business 3G Mobile and IAAS Storage and PAAS Entertainment and PAAS Biz Productivity

131

3.0.65
.

3G IMT-2000

Figure 3.63: 3G IMT-2000 As people began to live the mobile connected life, data usage on mobile phones grew tremendously. Greater reliability and speeds were required. In some cases, 3G improved connection speeds from 56 kbps to over 14 Mbps, thus allowing users to ﬁnally have a true Internet experience. 3G smart phones emerged capable of integrating advanced business tools and consumer applications into a compact mobile communication device. An open-source approach to application development creates an explosion of aﬀordable applications, and suddenly, the mobile phone became much more than just a phone to people. Mobile operators could not rest on 3G, however. They began to look at a future evolution to an all IP 4G solutions. This is a technology. Cost: 70,000,000 PlanNet Oros Prerequisites: Mobile Connected life Technology Discoveries Allowed: Location Based Service LBS and Mobile Media and 3G Wi-Fi UMA Services allowed: Consumer 3G Mobile and business 3G Mobile Features enabled: Wide Area Acceleration Service (WAAS) Equipment enabled: 3G base Station and Router ASR 1000 Provides tech upgrades for: Consumer Phone and Dial-up Internet and broadband Internet and IP Video Surveillance and Hotspot Wi-Fi and IAAS Storage and SAAS WebEx

132

3.0.66
.

IP Video Quality

Figure 3.64: IP Video Quality Networking equipment required advanced features targeted at optimizing video quality. Service provider routers needed more than just QoS. They were enhanced to optimize multicast traﬃc and to monitor massive amounts of concurrent video streams. Features such as VidMon allowed for proactive management of video-translating-application quality issues into network layer activity-application quality issues into network layer activity. Vidmon was useful for pinpointing performance of both business and consumer-grade IP video applications. This allowed service providers to streamline operations, increase reliability, and conﬁdently deliver video SLAs to customers for better satisfaction. This is a technology. Cost: 40,000,000 PlanNet Oros Prerequisites: IP Video and Voice Quality Technology Discoveries Allowed: IPTV QoE and TelePresence Features enabled: Network Based App Recognition (NBAR) Provides tech upgrades for: Consumer Video Phone and IPTV with VOD and IP Video Surveillance and Digital CATV with PPV and Mgd IP Video Surveillance

133

3.0.67
.

IPTV QoE

Figure 3.65: IPTV QoE Unreliable video quality presented a technical hurdle to the adoption of IP video. Grainy pictures with airfacts and stuttering images had virtually no appeal. Before IPTV could be widely deployed as a retail or business service, networks needed to become video optimized. Features were embedded into routing and switching equipment speciﬁcally designed to deliver lossless video transport. A few examples include video quality of experience (VQE) engines, robust routing protocols such as multicast over fast reroute (MoFRR), proactive protection with IPoDWDM optical transport, and specialized nodes to handle IP video stream replication (e.g., live-live delivery). These technologies drastically boosted integrity of video quality, allowing providers to guarantee a premium quality of experience to businesses and consumers. This is a technology. Cost: 60,000,000 PlanNet Oros Prerequisites: IP Video Quality Technology Discoveries Allowed: Mobile Media and Hyper Syndicated Video HSV Features enabled: IP Version 6 (IPv6) Equipment enabled: Video Mgmt VAMS Provides tech upgrades for: IPTV with VOD and TelePresence and Digital CATV with PPV

134

3.0.68
.

Web Conferencing

Figure 3.66: Web Conferencing Web conferencing was an interactive technology used to conduct meetings or presentations online vai the Internet. It diﬀered from webcasts, which were typically one-way broadcasts using web browsers to a large community of listeners. Participants connected to a conferencing server from their computers and were able to share documents and discuss topics. Other simple collaborative world (as long as Internet was available). Future enhancements improved the collaborative tools and also added streaming video for a more real-life meeting experience. This is a technology. Cost: 50,000,000 PlanNet Oros Prerequisites: Mobile Connected Life Technology Discoveries Allowed: Collaboration Tools and IP Video Conferencing Services allowed: Business 3G with VPN Webex and SAAS Webex Equipment enabled: Webex Provides tech upgrades for: Broadband Internet and Hotspot Wi-Fi and Business Phone and Business Converged VPN and Mgd Uniﬁed Communications and PAAS Biz Productivity

135

3.0.69
.

Collaboration Tools

Figure 3.67: Collaboration Tools Collaborative tools were software technologies designed to help people involved in a common task achieve their goals. In business, virtual workspaces emerged that allowed groups of users to share documents, track changes, host meetings, schedule events, self-publish instant websites, and participate in discussion boards. Collaborative tools became the basis for computersupported cooperative work. People were able to accomplish group work much easier in virtual teams that spanned physical and organizational boundaries within companies. This is a technology. Cost: 50,000,000 PlanNet Oros Prerequisites: Web Conferencing Technology Discovery Allowed: Social Networking Provides tech upgrades for: Broadband Internet and Business Converged VPN and IAAS Storage and PAAS Biz Productivity

136

3.0.70
.

IP Video Conferencing

Figure 3.68: IP Video Conferencing A video conference was an interactive telecommunication technology that allowed two or more locations to interact via video and audio simultaneously. It diﬀered from videophones slightly because it was designed to do the complex switching and mixing of video needed for multiperson conference settings. Although typically not studio-grade Cost: 70,000,000 PlanNet Oros Prerequisites: Web Conferencing and IP Video and Video Phone Technology Discoveries Allowed: TelePresence Services allowed: Mgd UC with Video Phones and Consumer Video Phone Provides tech upgrade for: Broadband Internet and Business Phone and Business Converged VPN and SAAS Webex

137

3.0.71
.

TelePresence

Figure 3.69: TelePresence TelePresence brought life-sized, high-deﬁnition, multiscreen experiences to video conferencing. With high-quality codecs and intelligent, video-aware networking, telepresence allowed business users to instantaneously communicate with remote locations around the world in a life-like, face-to-face meeting. Service providers began oﬀering telepresence to business users as a managed service. Businesses used telepresence to reduce expenses and avoid tiresome travel schedules. Details in design were not limited to technical aspects, but also included proper lightning, camera placement, and even matching oﬃce furniture. This is a technology. Cost: 80,000,000 PlanNet Oros Prerequisites: IP Video Conferencing and IP Video Quality Technology Discoveries Allowed: Holograms Services allowed: Telepresence Kiosk and Mgd Telepresence Equipment enabled: TelePresence Provides tech upgrades for: Consumer Video Phone and Business Converged VPN and Mgd UC with Video Phones

138

3.0.72
.

Holograms

Figure 3.70: Holograms Holographic presence was a technology that elevated telepresence to 3D. it used the network to deliver projected real-time 3D images of people to remote locations. This technology allowed a remote user to virtually appear in a remote location without being tied to a traditional screen. Beam me up (virtually), Scotty. This is a technology. Cost: 100,000,000 PlanNet Oros Prerequisites: TelePresence Technology Discoveries Allowed: Medianet Era Service allowed: Mgd Holograms Provides tech upgrades for: Consumer Video Phone and TelePresence Kiosk and Business Converged VPN

139

3.0.73
.

User Generated Content

Figure 3.71: User Generated Content User-generated content (UCG) is created by individual users as opposed to content generated by a professional industry. With high-speed access everywhere and cheap digital consumer products, anyone can produce and publish information online in real time. Although the Internet had once been primarily used to download information, advancements in storage, virtualization, and web 2.0 had more and more people uploading content into the public domain. The information is typically free to view and share and varies in media types from community blogs, wikis, video posts, photos, software, and more. User content has escalated in popularity and over-the-top Internet video has begun to seriously compete with the viewership time of traditional media. This is a technology. Cost: 50,000,000 PlanNet Oros Prerequisites: Mobile Connected Life and Blogging and Storage Area Network SAN Technology Discoveries Allowed: Social Networking and Hyper Syndicated Video HSV Provide tech upgrades for: Dial-up Internet and Broadband Internet and IP Video Surveillance and Hotspot Wi-Fi and Digital CATV with PPV and Consumer 3G Mobile and Business Converged VPN and Business 3G Mobile and IAAS Storage and PAAS Entertainment

140

3.0.74
.

Virtual Worlds

Figure 3.72: Virtual Worlds The multi-billion gaming industry evolved with increasing bandwidth speeds. Massively Multi-player Online Role Playing Games (MMORPG) emerged as social communities, where players create avatars to present them in a simulated fantasy world. Players can spend time living alternate virtual lives as their character, communicating with others using text, graphics, visual gestures, and voice. The concept of virtual worlds was extended into areas of business (e.g., Second Life), which allowed virtual communities to be established to reach customers and partners without travel. Combined with tools that enable users to generate their own content, vendors can set up virtual stores to market their latest oﬀerings to a community of users in an almost 2.5G dimension virtual web store fashion. This is a technology. Cost: 50,000,000 PlanNet Oros Prerequisites: Gaming and Mobile Connected Life Technology Discoveries Allowed: Social Networking Provides tech upgrades for: Broadband Internet and Business Converged VPN and Mgd Digital Signage and IAAS Storage and PAAS Entertainment

141

3.0.75
.

Social Networking

Figure 3.73: Social Networking Social networking emerged as people used the Internet to create online communities of similar interests. It uses the Internet to answer the question, what are my friends doing? Or what do my friends like? Social networking allows people to post information and preferences to their proﬁles. Some forums are dedicated to professional networking to help way of meeting new people with the intent of developing personal relationships. Websites enabled with 2.0 capabilities allow people to easily exchange opinions, rate, and comment on just about anything, creating a concept of the wisdom of the crowd. For example, on ecommerce sites, opinions on products, goods, and services inﬂuence purchase decisions and, in some cases, new product creation. This is a technology. Cost: 100,000,000 PlanNet Oros Prerequisites: User Generates Content and Virtual Worlds and Collaboration Tools Technology Discoveries Allowed: Social TV Provides tech upgrades for: Dial-up internet and Broadband Internet and Hotspot Wi-Fi and Digital CATV with PPV and Consumer 3G Mobile and Business Converged VPN and Mgd Digital Signage and Business 3G Mobile and IAAS Storage and PAAS Entertainment

142

3.0.76
.

Location Based Service LBS

Figure 3.74: Location Based Service LBS A location-based service(LBS) is an information service from mobile devices through the mobile network. It works based on the geographical position of the mobile device to provide information based on user locations. For example, LBS services include the ability to identify items of interest that are closest to the user, such as the nearest banking cash machine, closest Italian restaurant, or the whereabouts of a friend or employee. LBS services include parcel tracking, vehicle tracking, driving directions, and many more. This is a technology Cost: 50,000,000 PlanNet Oros Prerequisites: 3G IMT-2000 Technology Discoveries Allowed: Mobile Commerce Provides tech upgrades for: Hotspot-Wi-Fi and Consumer 3G Mobile and Mgd Digital Signage and Business 3G Mobile

143

3.0.77
.

Mobile Media

Figure 3.75: Mobile Media Mobile media technology allows portable devices to handle rich-media applications such as video. When delivering video, resolution and corresponding bandwidth depend on the aspect ratio of the screen that views it. Mobile phones typically have smaller screens and less bandwidth available to them than PCs or HDTVs connected with broadband. To smoothly provide mobile media, the network was enabled with the ability to convert video formats in real time in the network path based upon the receiving device. This development enabled users to shift their viewing sessions from device to device in real time with optimum quality. For example, if a user began watching a movie at home on HDTV and then left to catch a traon, he or she could switch the video to a mobile phone, and the format would be adjusted in the network, automatically allowing for a true any-to-any screen video delivery. This is a technology. Cost:75,000,000 PlanNet Oros Prerequisites: 3G IMT-2000 and IPTV QoE Technology Discoveries Allowed: Mobile Commerce Services allowed: Consumer 3G with Video Equipment enabled: Media Engine MXE Provides tech upgrades for: Hyper-Syndicated IPTV and IP Video Surveillance and Digital CATV with PPV and Mgd IP Video Surveillance and Mgd Digital Signage

144

3.0.78
.

Data Center Virtualization

Figure 3.76: Data Center Virtualization In the digital age information, data has become priceless assets to both businesses and average everyday people. Data centers have grown exponentially in size and volume and show no signs of slowing. Innovation was needed to control costs and improve eﬃciencies in utilization, space, and environmental footprint. Data center virtualization emerged as an architecture that abstracted dedicated system resources, such as computing power, storage volumes, and network resources away from speciﬁc applications. The result was an intelligently networked data center with much improved utilization of resources, greater velocity for application development, and improved operations for the service provider. This is a technology. Cost: 50,000,000 PlanNet Oros Prerequisites: Mobile Connected Life and Storage Area Network SAN Discoveries Allowed: Cloud Computing Services allowed: IAAS Contact Center Equipment enabled: Virtualization VFRAME and Switch Nexus and Contact Center Provides tech upgrades for: Mgd IP Video Surveillance and Mgd Digital Signage

145

3.0.79
.

Cloud Computing

Figure 3.77: Cloud Computing Cloud computing emerged as model that utilizes virtualized data centers as a shared computing resource for subscribers. Data centers are no longer simple liabilities to a service provider balance sheet. By delivering computing power and storage capacity to customers on demand and at the scale they need, service delivery centers now can generate revenue too. Businesses no longer have to blindly invest their own money into owning and operating a complex data center. Instead, they can lease what they need from the service provider and leave the networking experts to mange it. Providers of cloud computing services can oﬀer a broad range of services and SLAs. The three main categories of cloud-computing services have been deﬁned as: Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS), Platform as a Service (PaaS), and Software as a Service (SaaS), which target IT managers, application developers, and end-users, respectively. This is a technology. Cost: 65,000,000 PlanNet Oros Prerequisites: Data Center Virtualization Technology Discoveries Allowed: Uniﬁed Computing Services allowed: PAAS Entertainment and PAAS Biz Productivity Features enabled: Service and App Module for IP (SAMI) Equipment enabled: Media Platform EOS and Uniﬁed Computing UCS Provides tech upgrades for: Business Converged VPN and IAAS Storage

146

3.0.80
.

Uniﬁed Computing

Figure 3.78: Uniﬁed Computing The service delivery (data) center was becoming a major source of highmargin revenue for the service provider. Optimization was needed to scale the growth proﬁtably. Uniﬁed computing took the virtualized data center and cloud computing to the next level. The concept linked all data center resources: compute, storage, network, and application environments together in a common architecture to optimize data center operations. It allowed dynamic reconﬁguration and adaption of the network layer to automatically synchronize with compute and storage applications. With uniﬁed computing, the network and servers worked together as one streamline operations and increase proﬁtability. This is a technology. Cost: 100,000,000 PlanNet Oros Prerequisites: Cloud Computing Technology Discoveries Allowed: Medianet Era Services allowed: SAAS Webex Provides tech upgrades for: Business Converged VPN and IAAS Storage

147

3.0.81
.

Mobile Commerce

Figure 3.79: Mobile Commerce Mobile commerce is a variant electronic commerce undertaken using mobile devices. Providers oﬀer the ability to purchase personal ringtones and themed skins and include these purchases in the monthly bill to the user. With 3G, transactions over normal Internet websites can be done using mobile phone web browsers. However, mobile phones can also be uniquely used as e-wallets for mobile ﬁnancial services too. For example, a user can approach a vending machine and elect to dial a phone number to trigger a purchase and have the cost added to the monthly phone bill. Mobile phones can be used to display bar codes for ticketing or even scan bar codes of products found while window shopping to search the Internet for pricing and availability. This is a technology. Cost: 80,000,000 PlanNet Oros Prerequisites: Location Based Service LBS and Digital Signage and mobile Media Technology Discoveries Allowed: 4G LTE Wimax Services allowed: Consumer 3G with e-Wallet Provides tech upgrades for: Mgd Digital Signage and Business 3G Mobile and PAAS Entertainment

148

3.0.82
.

3G Wi-Fi UMA

Figure 3.80: 3G Wi-Fi UMA Dual-mode phones blend the tow wireless technologies of cellular and Wi-Fi (noncellular) radios in a single device. This technology allowed the phones to be used as a cell phone when in a cellular environment (usually externally), and as a Wi-Fi phone when in a Wi-Fi environment (usually internally). This technology allowed the phones to be used as a cell phone when in a cellular environment (usually externally), and as a Wi-Fi phone when in a Wi-Fi environment (usually internally). This method of operation reduces cost (for both the network operator and subscriber), improves indoor coverage, and increases performance. These devices are smart-phones too because they have features integrating voice, video, and data applications. This is a technology. Cost: 50,000,000 PlanNet Oros Prerequisites: 3G IMT-2000 Technology Discoveries Allowed: Mobile VPN and Femtocell Provides tech upgrades for: Hotspot-Wi-Fi and Consumer 3G Mobile and Business 3G Mobile

149

3.0.83
.

Mobile VPN

Figure 3.81: Mobile VPN Mobile virtual network (VPN) technology enables users to access their corporate network while on the road from their cellular devices. It is similar in functionality to VPN access from home broadband devices. By allowing VPN access from a wireless environment. Mobile VPNs allow users to be productive outside of their usual work locations at home and oﬃce. This is a technology. Cost: 60,000,000 PlanNet Oros Prerequisites: 3G Wi-Fi UMA Technology Discoveries Allowed: 4G LTE Wimax Services allowed: business 3G with VPN and Business 3G with VPN Webex

150

3.0.84
.

Femtocell

Figure 3.82: Femtocell Femtocell is a small, cellular base station typically designed for use in residential or small businesses. It connects to the service providers network via broadband (e.g., DSL, cable, ﬁber). It mimics the same function as the ubiquitous cellular (external tower) base station but is limited to the customers home area. It typically supports two to four active mobile phones. Thus, it is eﬀectively an indoor base station extending mobile coverage in hard-to-reach places. This is a technology. Cost: 50,000,000 PlanNet Oros Prerequisites: 3G Wi-Fi UMA Features enabled: Multicast only FRR (MoFRR) Provides tech upgrades for: Business 3G Mobile

151

3.0.85

4G LTE Wimax

. 4G=IP.4G, an abbreviation for fourth-generation, is used to describe the

Figure 3.83: 4G LTE Wimax next complete evolution in wireless communications. Various technologies, such as Wimax and Long Term Evolu tion (LTE), have provided the foundation for 4G. A 4G system provides a comprehensive IP solution where voice, data, and video can be given to users on an anytime, anywhere basis, and at higher data rates than previous generations. This is a technology. Cost: 100,000,000 PlanNet Oros Prerequisites: Mobile VPN and Mobile Commerce Technology Discoveries Allowed: Medianet Era Services allowed: Consumer 4G and Business 4G Mobile Equipment enabled: IP Base Station Provides tech upgrades for: Consumer Phone and Dial-up Internet and Broadband Internet and IPTV with VOD and Hotspot Wi-Fi

152

3.0.86
.

Network PVR

Figure 3.84: Network PVR Network personal video recorders (NPVRs) allow TV users to schedule show recordings and play them back at a convenient time. It diﬀered from PVR in that the content is stored in the cloud of the service provider data center and streamed down to the user on demand. This expanded the concept of timeshifted TV to also include place-shifted TV. Now users could watch stored programming from any viewing screen connected to the Internet including mobile phones. This is a technology. Cost: 50,000,000 PlanNet Oros Prerequisites: IP Video and Storage Area Network SAN Technology Discoveries Allowed: Hyper Syndicated Video HSV Services allowed: IPTV with NPVR Provides tech upgrades for: Digital CATV with PPV and IAAS Storage

153

3.0.87
.

IP Video Surveillance

Figure 3.85: IP Video Surveillance IP video surveillance (IPVS) enables businesses and consumers to capture, record, and manage volumes of videos from a number of dispersed sites. IPTVS allows expensive and ineﬃcient closed circuit wiring to be replaced by normal IP network connections. Parents can monitor their children at day care from their desks at work or even through mobile phones. IPVS is primarily used for security purposes, but because it is all IP based, applications can be developed to integrate captures video into other operations. For example, IPVS can integrate with point-of-sale cash registers at a retail store to quickly index and identify images with purchase events. In casinos, IPVS can be integrated with RFID to monitors cards and tracks chip trends like a virtual pit-boss. This is a technology. Cost: 70,000,000 PlanNet Oros Prerequisites: IP Video Services allowed: IP Video Surveillance and Mgd IP Video Surveillance Equipment enabled: IP Video Surveillance Provides tech upgrades for: Broadband Internet and Consumer 3G with Video and IAAS Storage

154

3.0.88
.

Hyper Syndicated Video HSV

Figure 3.86: Hyper Syndicated Video HSV Hyper syndicated video (HSV) allows people to customize their electronic programming guides (EPG) on IPTV platforms. HSV allows users to pull content from various sources other than traditional broadcast channels all into one EPG. This has been an attractive diﬀerentiator as user-generated content has risen in popularity. For example, normal broadcast stations and movies can appear next to Internet-based TV stations (e.g., CNN.com) and user-generated video sites (e.g., youtube.com) for an integrates viewing experience in the living room. This is a technology. Cost: 80,000,000 PlanNet Oros Prerequisites: IPTV QoE and Network PVR and User Generated Content Technology Discoveries Allowed: TV Commerce Services allowed: Hyper-Syndicated IPTV and Consumer Video Phone Features enabled: intelligent Services Gateway (ISG) Provides tech upgrades for: Digital CATV with PPV and Consumer 3G with Video

155

3.0.89
.

TV Commerce

Figure 3.87: TV Commerce Because IPTV is delivered over IP data networks, it oﬀers the ability to integrate with other applications that traditional TV could not. For example, TV commerce allows for content to be tagged such that viewers can purchase items they see on TV in the viewing moment. With PVRs causing traditional commercials to be bypassed, advertisers now have the ability to place products within the shows themselves. Revenue generated from TV commerce can be shared because the service provider can receive a fraction of the products. This is a technology. Cost: 90,000,000 PlanNet Oros Prerequisites: Hyper Syndicated Video HSV and Digital Signage Technology Discoveries Allowed: Social TV Features enabled: Live-Live Video Transport Provides tech upgrades for: Hyper-Syndicated IPTV and Digital CATV with PPV and PAAS Entertainment

156

3.0.90
.

Social TV

Figure 3.88: Social TV Social TV basically combines IPTV with social networking. Traditional TV was historically a passive experience. Social TV allows communities of friends to interact with each other while enjoying a program in separate locations. Presence technology is used to identify what friends are currently watching and users can join into groups participation. Furthermore, suggestions for programming can also be based upon friends viewing habits. The social enjoyment will compel viewers to return to watching programs during speciﬁed timeslots in order to share the experience live instead of in solitude with traditional TV. This is a technology. Cost: 100,000,000 PlanNet Oros Prerequisites: TV Commerce and Social Networking Technology Discoveries Allowed: Medianet Era Services allowed: Social IPTV Provides tech upgrades for: Digital CATV with PPV and Consumer 3G with Video

157

3.0.91
.

Medianet Era

Figure 3.89: Medianet Era The Medianet is a service network fully prepared to deliver a new generation of exceptional, reliable, personalized, rich-media experiences anywhere, anytime, and to any device. Without proper intelligence, networks would struggle to meet escalating rich-media demands and rapidly growing content volume. With Medianet, end-to-end, video-enabled solutions are combined intelligently in home, business, and service provider networks. Enterprises, consumers, and service providers can all beneﬁt. Theres never been a better time to incorporate rich-media intelligence in IP infrastructure to meet current expectations and prepare for the coming wave of video communications and entertainment. This is a technology. Cost: 250,000,000 PlanNet Oros Prerequisites: 4G LTE Wimax and Uniﬁed Computing and Social TV and IPoDWDM and Holograms ..............................................................................................................

158

Chapter 4 Documentation
. The exact content of the process on how to start the game. New Game Welcome to Ciscos myPlanNet game Its circa 1990, and the Internet is practically unknown to all but handful of students and government agencies. Simply put, its the stone age of communications. That will soon change. As the leader of new service provider, will you have the ability to evolve with your community? Begin by connecting your citizens with basic telephone, cable TV, or wireless services. Then, commands your engineering team to research and discover new technologies to build your network expands your service oﬀerings, and increase your proﬁts. As you deliver more advanced services, your citizens happiness index will increase and the population will grow. Watch ﬁrsthand how you shape the way your citizens work, live, learn, and play as they progress through the BROADBAND ERA, the MOBILE CONNECTED LIFE, and ultimately into the MEDIANET AGE. Get ready to step into the shoes of a CEO! Have fun as you interactively learn about the history of communications and the unlimited potential of the Internet. You may even ﬁnd yourself changing the course of history! Its up to you. Play Ciscos myPlanNet. Create the IP Next Generation Network (IPNGN) for your virtual planet and Plan it your way! Get started! If youre going to be a big time CEP, youll need a big time company name. Make sure its catchy! MedTech Foundation 159

What type of service provider are you, for starters? (As you grow, you will have the ability to expand into all three if desired). Service Provider Type Landline Phone Company Customers: 10,000 Coverage: 10 squares Cash: 15M PlanNet Oros Techs: Copper Wire and PSTN Cable TV Company: Customers: 5,000 Coverage: 6 squares Cash: 20M PlanNet Oros Techs: Coaxial Cable and Analog Cable TV Cell Phone / Pager Company Customers: 3,000 Coverage: 4 squares Cash: 25M PlanNet Oros Techs: Cellular and 1G Mobile The Tutorial is another way on infroming the player before ﬁnally start the game Tutorial 1/6 Ok, lets get started playing Ciscos myPlanNet! This tutorial will help familiarize you with the basics of the game. Although, to become a real pro, youll have to play a few times! Basically the game consists of four steps: 1. Connect your population. 2. Buy network equipment. 3. Price and turn on your services. 4. Discover new technologies with your proﬁts. Tutorial 2/6 . Step 1- Connect your population In order to service your customers, they have to be connected. This means either running wires or building cell towers around the city. Click Connect Citizens. 160

Connect Citizens This screen is where you manage all the wire line or wire less coverage of your city. The right hand window displays the types of connectivity deployed in each city block. You can see how many of each city block. You can see how many of each connection type are needed and how many you have built. If the text is red, you need more connectivity. Continue To make things a little easier to manage, this mini-map displays the general health of your coverage. For example, since you are a Cell Phone Company provider, you can see which squares have Cell Towers. Green= good. Yellow= warning. Red = there are unconnected people in that square! To buy more connectivity, select the type of media and then choose a buying option. All= purchase connections in all squares. Middle= just purchase connections in red squares only. City squares with low connectivity wont grow very fast, but be careful. Dont overbuild too early because connections are expensive! For more advanced users, you can manage your connectivity by individual city blocks. Click on any GO button in the window on the right zoom into particular block. (You can also get there by double clicking on any square from the map). You are now looking at a detailed view of a city block. Here, you can see the service statistics and make buy and sell decisions for connectivity. This way, you can choose to be a little more precise about where you spend your money based on your population. If you want, you can even name each city block to give it some personal feel (e.g. Japan town or Little Italy). Click on the Map button to continue to the Network Operations Center. Tutorial 3/6 Step 2- Manage the Network. Now that you are connected to the population, you will need networking equipment to deliver services. All equipment is managed in the Network Operations Center (NOC). Click Network Operations to continue. This is the high-level system view of your network. The diagram to the right is the network architecture known as Ciscos IP Next Generation Network (IP NGN). Your goal is to build the IP NGN over time. You can monitor your general network conditions here. As you discover new technologies, your network will receive bonus boosts in performance from associated Cisco features (mouse over to see what they are). Active features are displayed with a green gear symbol. Turn them all on for maximum eﬀect! 161

Now, lets take a look at your equipment. To purchase and manage all of the actual networking equipment, click on product view. From this screen, you can see all the products deployed in your network. They are categorized by the Place in the Network (PIN) from the IP NGN network diagram (Access, Aggregation, Edge, Core, and Service Delivery Center). Right now, you only have a simple Mobile Switch MSC, but its still early1 As you discover technologies, new products will show up for purchase. Before you can roll out a new service, you will need to purchase all the required network products ﬁrst. Some products have limits based on users and/or bandwidth. Be sure to pay close attention. If the load turns red, you will need to buy more equipment to help ease the load. Otherwise, prepare yourself for dissatisﬁed customers! To help you identify what products are required for a service, you can select a speciﬁc service in the list to the left. The NOC will then only display the appropriate equipment that you need to satisfy the service. Click on the Map button to continue. Tutorial 4/6 Step 3 Make some money Now that you have all the equipment you need, its time to make some money! Click on Service Operations. The services you deploy are categorized as either business (left column) or consumer (right column). (For simplicity, we assume businesses equate to 100 users). You can click on any service statistic to see a historical graph (e.g. customers, income. Or satisfaction). This may be helpful information as you try to manage trends and pricing strategies. Your general balance sheet is located on the left. This will let you see how much you revenues are outpacing your costs. You will need the proﬁts to survive! When a new service is ready to be activated (e.g. all networking equipment acquired), it will show up in the list as disabled. Click on the button to enable it. You can also disable services if you ﬁnd them no longer proﬁtable. Be careful though. Once a service is disabled and you choose to enable the service again, you will start from zero customers! To adjust the price of a service, enter a new value in the box. Then click update in the upper right corner, lower prices may mean faster adoption but less proﬁtability. Likewise, higher prices may mean bigger proﬁt margins, but customer adoption may be slower. Click on the Map button to learn about researching new technologies. 162

Tutorial 5/6 Step 4- Learn New Technology Your business is underway, but you cant aﬀord to stay stagnant. Command your engineers to test and research the latest technologies. As you discover new technologies, new products, features, and services will be unlocked. Click Research to continue. What you can discover depends on what you already know. Your choices are available at the left. Click on Begin Research to start learning any of the new technologies. As your engineers go into the lab, you can see their progress here. When the bar is completely green, the new technology will be ready for use. All of the technologies in the game are mapped out in the timeline to the right. You can see how they are related to each other. If you want to target a particular technology in the future, you can click on its picture. The map will then up a path of the relevant pre-requisites you need. Click the Show All button to reset the view back to the original state. Click on the map button to close the Research screen and return to the city map. Tutorial 6/6 Enjoy the game! To help guide you along the way, look up here at the top of the screen for some mini-goals. They will turn green when you meet their conditions and keep you moving long. Finally, the secret to any good business is to listen to your customers. You that pop can interact with your population by clicking on any happy faces up on the map. The people will tell you how their lives are aﬀected by your eﬀorts. As a result, you will be rewarded bonus happiness points for good customers services! Every now and again, opportunities will arise that may help or hurt your business. These are represented by symbols that pop up on the map. Pay attention to these, they have the power to make or break you! At any time you can take a snapshot of your city with the camera button. They will be stored in game/screenshots for you to share with your friends. Good luck! With the right balance and vision, you can bring your population into the Medianet age of video networking, collaboration, mobility, and virtualization! Here is the timeline had a score of 20k plus, in some way the user had a good

163

game for being wise of managing the network. ..............................................................................................................

164

4.1
4.1.1

Description of Services
Consumer Phone

. Residential phone service, also referred to as plain old telephone service (POTS), is basic voice services that are delivered to the residences or small business by the local exchange carrier. It is typically deployed as an analog service over the last mile and then converted to TDM at the local exchange for connection to the PSTN. This is a service. Per Customer Cost: 17 PlanNet Oros per month Technology required: Landline Telephone Add-on to: Nothing Tech upgrades: Dialup RAS, ISDN, 2G Mobile, Voice over IP VOP, 2.5G Mobile, Voice Quality, 3G IMT-2000, 4G LTE Wimax Media required: Copper wire Connection products required: Copper Node SDC Services products required: Telephone Switch

4.1.2

Dial-up Internet

. Dial-up internet access is a form of internet access via telephone lines using a MODEM (Modulator-DEModulator) to convert analog to digital signals that allow the users computer to access the PSTN to connect the internet. This is a service. Per Customer Cost: 16 PlanNEt Oros per month Technology required: Dialup RAS Add-on to: Nothing Tech upgrades: Email World Wide Web WWW ISDN Broadband Era Voice over IP VOIP FTTX Peer to Peer P2P Digital Rights Mgmt DRM IP-Video 3G IMT 2000 User Generated Content Social Networking 4G LTE Wimax Media required: Copper Wire Connection products required: Copper Node Access products required: 20RAS 5850s Edge products required: Router 7200 Or Router 7500 Or Router 7600 Or Router 10000 Or Router 12000 Or Router ASR 9000 165

Core products required: Router 7200 Or Router 7500 Or Router 12000 Or CRS-1 Oﬀ Net products required: ONS 15454

4.1.3

Broadband Internet

. Broadband internet access is considered a high-speed access service because it typically allows approximately 5x dialup speeds. The general broadband data transmission rate is 256 kbits/s or greater. This is a service. Per Customer Cost: 35 PlanNet Oros per month Technology required: Broadband Era Add-on to: Nothing Tech upgrades: Instant Messaging Wireless LAN Voice over IP VOIP DDOS IPS Search Engine E-commerce Blogging Peer to Peer P2P Digital Rights Mgmt DRM Telecommuting Distance Learning Connected Home Gaming Content Caching Targeted Advertising Storage Area Network SAN IP Video 3g IMT 2000 Web Conferencing Collaboration Tools IP Video Conferencing User Generated Content Virtual Worlds Social Networking 4G LTE Wimax IP Video Surveillance Media require: Copper Wire Or Coaxial Cable Or Fiber Cable Connection products required: Copper Node Or Coax Node Or Optical Node Access products required: 50DSLAMs Or 10 CMTS UBRs Or 20 Cat2000 Switches Aggregation products required: Router 7600 Or Router 10000 Or Router ASR 1000 Or Router ASR 9000 Or Switch Cat3000 Or Switch Cat4500 Or Switch Cat6500 Edge products required: Router 7200 Or Router 7500 Or Router 7600 Or Router 10000 Or Router 12000 Or Router ASR 9000 Core products required: Router 7200 Or Router 7500 Or Router 12000 Or CRS-1 Oﬀ Net products required: ONS 15454

4.1.4

Turbo Broadband

. Turbo broadband generally oﬀers higher bitrates than standard broadband, up to 30Mbps download (in 16-second bursts based on networks conditions) and 2 Mbps upload. Cost and speeds tiers vary by area, but subscribers to 166

all-in-one packages bundling TV, Internet, and phone pay lower total fees. This is a service. Per Customer Cost: 43 PlanNet Oros per month Technology required: Service Personalization Services replaced: Broadband Internet Add-on to: Nothing Media required: Copper Wire Or Coaxial Cable Or Fiber Cable Connection products required: Copper Node Or Coax Node Or Optical Node Access products required: 50DSLAMs Or 10 CMTS UBRs Or 20 Cat2000 Switches Aggregation products required: Router 7600 Or Router 10000 Or Router ASR 1000 Or Router ASR 9000 Or Switch Cat3000 Or Switch Cat4500 Or Switch Cat6500 Edge products required: Router 7200 Or Router 7500 Or Router 7600 Or Router 10000 Or Router 12000 Or Router ASR 9000 Core products required: Router 7200 Or Router 7500 Or Router 12000 Or CRS-1 SDC Services products required: NMS ANA Oﬀ Net products required: ONS-15454

4.1.5

App Aware Broadband

. As the network evolves, by integrating application hooks into the network infrastructure (in the data center, campus, and branch) IT organizations can implement an application delivery network on top of the infrastructure o that they already have. To accomplish this, Cisco is continuing to evolve its Application Networking Services (ANS) portfolio. The Cisco ANS solution, which is consists of the Cisco Wide Area Application Service (WAAS) software, Application Control Engine (ACE), and ACE XML gateway products, is designed for enterprise, mid-market, and service provider IT organizations that need to optimize and deliver business applications, such as enterprise resource planning (ERP), customer relationship management (CRM), websites and portals, and web services, across the organization. The Cisco ANS portfolio, in conjunction with an application-ﬂuent foundation, creates a true end-to-end application delivery network, consisting of a set of network wide, integrated solutions that provide the availability, security, acceleration, and visibility needed to help ensure that applications are delivered successfully. 167

This is a service. Per Customer Cost: 47 PlanNet Oros per month Technology required: Deep Packet Inspection DPI Services replaced: Turbo Broadband Add-on to: Nothing Media required: Copper Wire Or Coaxial Cable Or Fiber Cable Connection products required: Copper Node Or Coax Node Or Optical Node Access products required: 50DSLAMs Or 10 CMTS UBRs Or 20 Cat2000 Switches Aggregation products required: Router 7600 Or Router 10000 Or Router ASR 1000 Or Router ASR 9000 Or Switch Cat3000 Or Switch Cat4500 Or Switch Cat6500 Edge products required: Router 7200 Or Router 7500 Or Router 7600 Or Router 10000 Or Router 12000 Or Router ASR 9000 Core products required: Router 7200 Or Router 7500 Or Router 12000 Or CRS-1 SDC Services products required: NMS ANA Oﬀ Net products required: ONS-15454

4.1.6

Consumer VOIP

. Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) is a set of Internet-based transmission protocols used to deliver voice services over IP networks. This is a service. Per Customer Cost: 14 PlanNet Oros per month Technology required: Voice over IP VOIP Add-on to: Broadband Internet Tech upgrades: SLA Service Personalization Peer to Peer P2P Voice Quality SDC Service products required: VOIP Gateway And Softswitch BTS PGW ITP

168

4.1.7

Consumer Video Phone

. A video phone is a telephone with an integrated camera and video screen used to transmit and receive both voice and video between two parties in a real-time conversation. This service is typically provided via broadband access. This is a service Per Customer Cost: 30 PlanNet Oros per month Technology required: IP Video Conferencing And Hyper Syndicated Video HSV Services replaced: Consumer VOIP Add-on to: Nothing Tech upgrades: IP Video Quality TelePresence Holograms SDC Switching products required: Switch Cat6500 Or Switch Nexus SDC Storage products required: MDS 900 SDC Services products required: Call Manager with Unity And Virtualization VFRAME

4.1.8

IPTV with VOD

. Internet Protocol Television (IPTV) is a set of Internet-based products used to deliver audio and video services over IP networks. This service is typically delivered via broadband access rather than broadcast radio or cable TV. This is a service. Per Customer Cost: 33 PlanNet Oros per month Technology required: IP Video Add-on to: Broadband Internet Tech upgrades: DDOS IPS Targeted Advertising Storage Area Network SAN IP Video Quality IPTV QoE 4G LTS Wimax SDC Switching products required: Switch Cat6500 Or Switch Nexus SDC Services products required: Video System CDS

169

4.1.9

IPTV with NPVR

. Video-on-demand (VOD) and personal video recorder (OVR) systems utilize Internet-based protocols that allows users to select and watch/listen to video or audio on demand VOD systems either stream content through a set-top box, allowing viewing in real time, or download it to a device such as a computer, digital video recorder, personal video, or portable media player for viewing at any time. This is a service. Per Customer Cost: 33 PlanNet Oros per month Technology required: Network PVR Services replaced: IPTV with VOD Add-on to: Nothing SDC Storage products required: MDS 9000 SDC Services products required: Virtualization VFRAME

4.1.10

Hyper-Syndicated IPTV

. Hyper syndicated video (HSV) allows people to customize their electronic programming guides (EPG) on IPTV platforms. HSV allows users to pull content from various sources other than traditional broadcast channels all into one EPG. This has been an attractive diﬀerentiator as user-generated content has risen in popularity. For example, normal broadcast stations and movies can appear next to internet-based TV stations (e.g., CNN.com) and user-generated video sites (e.g., youtube.com) for an integrated viewing experience in the living room. This is a service. Per Customer Cost: 42 PlanNet Oros per month Technology required: Hyper Syndicated Video HSV Services replaced: IPTV with NPVR Add-on to: Nothing Tech upgrades: Mobile Media TV Commerce

170

4.1.11

Social IPTV

. Social TV basically combines IPTV with social networking. Traditional TV was historically a passive experience. Social TV allows communities of friends to interact with each other while enjoying a program in separate locations. Presence technology is used to identify what friends are currently watching and users can join into groups to experience the program together. On-screen chat or VoIP are used for group participation. Furthermore, suggestions for programming can also be based upon friends viewing habits. The social enjoyment will compel viewers to return to watching programs during speciﬁed timeslots in order to share the experience live instead of in solitude with traditional TV. This is a service. Per Customer Cost: 42 PlanNet Oros per month Technology required: Social TV Services replaced: Hyper-Syndicated IPTV Add-on to: Nothing

4.1.12

IP Video Surveillance

. IP video surveillance involves IP-based cameras or webcams that use IP technology to transmit image data and control signals over an IP network. IP cameras are primarily used for surveillance in the same manner as analog closed-circuit television. A number of IP cameras are normally deployed together with a digital video recorder (DVR) or a network video recorder (NVR) to form a video surveillance system. This is a service. Per Customer Cost: 11 PlanNet Oros per month Technology required: IP Video Surveillance Add-on to: Broadband Internet Tech upgrades: DDOS IPS Storage Area Network SAN 3G IMT 2000 IP Video Quality User Generated Content Mobile Media Storage Area Network SAN IP Video Quality IPTV QoE 4g LTS Wimax SDC Switching products required: Switch Cat6500 Or Switch Nexus SDC Storage products required: MDS 9000 SDC Services products required: IP Video Surveillance And Virtualization 171

VFRAME

4.1.13

Telepresence Kiosk

. Telepresence refers to a set of technologies that allows participants to feel as if they are present, to give the appearance that they are present, or to have an eﬀect, at a location other then their true location. Telepresence requires that the senses of the user, or users, be provided with such stimuli as to give the feeling of being in order that other location. Additionally, the user(s) may be given the ability to aﬀect the remote location. In this case, the users position, movements, actions, voice, etc, may be sensed, transmitted, and duplicated in the remote location to bring about this eﬀect. Therefore, Telepresence kiosks are rapidly becoming a popular and proﬁtable way to allow public access to telepresence technology and sessions. This is a service. Per Customer Cost: 75 PlanNet Oros per month Technology required: Telepresence Add-on to: Nothing Tech upgrades: DDOS IPS IPTV QoE Holograms Media required: Fiber Cable Connection products required: Optical Node Access products required: 20 Cat2000 Switches Aggregation products required: Switch Cat3000 Or Switch Cat4500 Or Switch Cat6500 Edge products required: Router 7600 Or Router 12000 Or Router ASR 9000 Core products required: Router 12000 Or CRS-1 SDC Switching products required: Switch Cat6500 Or Switch Nexus SDC Services products required: TelePresence And NMS ANA

4.1.14

Hotspot Wi-Fi

. A hotspot is a physical location that oﬀers internet access over a wireless LAN through the use of a shared Internet connection and a single router. Hotspots can typically be found in coﬀee shops and various other public establishments throughout much of North America, Europe, and Asia. This is a service. 172

Per Customer Cost: 9 PlanNet Oros per month Technology required: Wireless LAN Add-on to: Nothing Tech upgrades: Instant Messaging DDOS IPS Search Engine E-Commerce Blogging Peer to Peer P2P Digital Rights Mgmt DRM Telecommuting Distance Learning Gaming Content Caching Storage Area Network SAN Targeted Advertising Digital Signage Mobile Connected Life IP Video 3G IMT 2000 Web Conferencing User Generated Content Social Networking Location Based Service LBS 3G Wi-Fi UMA 4G LTE Wimax Media required: Wiﬁ Connection products required: 50 Wiﬁ Base Stations Access products required: 50 DSLAMs Or 10 CMTS UBRs Or 20 Cat2000 Switches Aggregation products required: Switch Cat3000 Or Switch Cat4500 Or Switch Cat6500 Edge products required: Router 7600 Or Router 12000 Or Router ASR 9000 Core products required: Router 12000 Or CRS-1 SDC Services products required: NMS ANA Oﬀ Net products required: ONS 15454

4.1.15

Analog CATV

. Analog cable television is a system of providing television to consumers via radio frequency signals transmitted to televisions through coaxial cables as opposed to the over-the-air method used in traditional television broadcasting (via radio waves) in which antenna is required. Cable TC services were a big improvement over terrestrial TV broadcasting. This is a service. Per Customer Cost: 32 PlanNet Oros per month Technology required: Analog CATV Add-on to: Nothing Media required: Coaxial Cable Connection products required: Coax Node SDC Services products required: Cable Headend Analog

173

4.1.16

Premium Analog CATV

. Premium cable television programming provides commercial-free content or all movie channels, like HBO, Cinemax, and Showtime. This is a service. Per Customer Cost: 40 PlanNet Oros per month Technology required: Channel Scrambling Add-on to: Nothing Media required: Coaxial Cable Connection products required: Coax Node SDC Services products required: Cable Headend Analog

4.1.17

Digital CATV with PPV

. Digital cable with pay-per-view (PPV) is a service where subscribers can view enhanced commercial-free content as well as one-time events such as a boxing match or other major sporting event. This is a service. Per Customer Cost: 45 PlanNet Oros per month Technology required: Digital CATV with PPV Service replaced: Premium Analog CATV Add-on to: Nothing Tech upgrades: PVR Broadband Era IP Video IP Video Quality IPTV QoE User Generated Content Social Networking Mobile Media Network PVR Hyper Syndicated Video HSV TV Commerce Social TV Media required: Coaxial Cable Connection products required: Coax Node SDC Services products required: Cable Headend Digital

4.1.18

HDTV with PPV

. High-deﬁnition television (or HDTV) is a television system with much higher resolution than traditional systems. PPV and VOD services are commonly oﬀered in subscriber HDTV packages. This is a service 174

Per Customer Cost: 46 PlanNet Oros per month Technology required: HDTV Service replaced: Digital CATV with PPV Add-on to: Nothing Media required: Coaxial Cable Connection products required: Coax Node SDC Services products required: Cable Headend Digital

4.1.19

Consumer 1G Mobile Voice

. 1G refers to the ﬁrst generation of wireless telephone technology characterized by the use of analog standards and devises that make up the wireless network. This is a service Per Customer Cost: 70 PlanNet Oros per month Technology required: 1G Analog Cellular Add-on to: Nothing Media required: Cellular Connection products required: 1G Base Station SDC Services products required: Mobile Switch MSC

4.1.20

Consumer 1G Mobile Pager

. A pager is a personal telecommunications device receiving short messages. A one-way numeric pager can only receive a message consisting of a few digits, typically a phone number that the user is less then expected to call. Paging is a subscription service, oﬀered in a variety of plans and options to meet the needs of a subscriber and the type of device used. Paging systems are often used in the emergency medical ﬁeld because of the high reliability of the paging system especially during crisis events. This is a service. Per Customer Cost: 28 PlanNet Oros per month Technology required: 1G Analog Cellular Add-on to: Nothing Media required: Cellular Connection products required: 1G Base Station SDC Services products required: Mobile Switch MSC 175

4.1.21

Consumer 2G Mobile

. 2G refers to the second generation of mobile telephone technology characterized by the use of digital wireless protocols and devices. Digital protocols allow for more eﬃcient use of the frequency spectrum and thus allow for better and more densely covered radio areas or cells. The most common deployment of 2G system is referred to as GSM. This is a service. Per Customer Cost: 56 PlanNet Oros per month Technology required: 2G Mobile Services replaced: Consumer 1G Mobile Voice Services obsolete: Consumer 1G Mobile Pager Add-on to: Nothing Media required: Cellular Connection products required: 2G Base Station SDC Services products required: Mobile Switch MSC

4.1.22

Consumer 2.5G Mobile

. 2.5G is a stepping stone between 2G and 3G cellular wireless technologies. The term second and a half generation is used to describe 2G-system that have implemented a packet-switched domain in addition to the circuitswitched domain. This is a service. Per Customer Cost: 52 PlanNet Oros per month Technology required: 2.5G Mobile Services replaced: Consumer 2G Mobile Add-on to: Nothing Tech upgrades: Instant Messaging Search Engine Digital Rights Mgmt DRM Gaming Content Caching Targeted Advertising Storage Area Network SAN Mobile Connected Life Media required: Cellular Connection products required: 2G Base Stations Access products required: 25 MWRs Aggregation products required: Router 7600 Or Router ASR 1000 Or Router ASR 9000 Edge products required: Router 7200 Or Router 7500 Or Router 7600 Or 176

Router 12000 Or Router ASR 9000 Core products required: Router 7200 Or Router 7500 Or Router 12000 Or CRS-1 SDC Services products required: Mobile Switch MSC And NMS ANA Oﬀ Net products required: ONS 15454

4.1.23

Consumer 3G Mobile

. 3G refers to the third generation of mobile telecommunications characterized by the availability of a wider range of more advanced services while achieving greater network capacity through improved spectral eﬃciency. This is a service. Per Customer Cost: 55 PlanNet Oros per month Technology required: 3G IMT - 2000 Services replaced: Consumer 2.5G Mobile Add-on to: Nothing Tech upgrades: Blogging IP Video User Generated Content Social Networking Location Based Service LBS 3g Wi-Fi UMA Media required: Cellular Connection products required: 3G Base Stations Access products required: 25 MWRs Aggregation products required: Router 7600 Or Router ASR 1000 Or Router ASR 9000 Edge products required: Router 7200 Or Router 7500 Or Router 7600 Or Router 12000 Or Router ASR 9000 Core products required: Router 7200 Or Router 7500 Or Router 12000 Or CRS-1 SDC Services products required: Mobile Switch MSC And NMS ANA Oﬀ Net products required: ONS 15454

4.1.24

Consumer 3G with Video

. 3G includes technology that allows mobile phone users to record, send, and receive video and photographic content to a mobile device using UMTS (3G) protocols. This is a service. Per Customer Cost: 62 PlanNet Oros per month 177

Technology required: Mobile Media Services replaced: Consumer 3G Mobile Add-on to: Nothing Tech upgrades: IP Video Surveillance Hyper Syndicated Video HSV Social TV Media required: Cellular Connection products required: 3G Base Station Access products required: 25 MWRs Aggregation products required: Router 7600 Or Router ASR 1000 Or Router ASR 9000 Edge products required: Router 7200 Or Router 7500 Or Router 7600 Or Router 12000 Or Router ASR 9000 Core products required: Router 7200 Or Router 7500 Or Router 12000 Or CRS-1 SDC Services products required: Mobile Switch MSC And Media Engine MXE And Video Mgmt VAMS And NMS ANA Oﬀ Net products required: ONS 15454

4.1.25

Consumer 3G with e-Wallet

. This is a service. Per Customer Cost: 62 PlanNet Oros per month Technology required: Mobile Commerce Services replaced: Consumer 3G with Video Add-on to: Nothing Media required: Cellular Connection products required: 3G Base Station Access products required: 25 MWRs Aggregation products required: Router 7600 Or Router ASR 1000 Or Router ASR 9000 Edge products required: Router 7200 Or Router 7500 Or Router 7600 Or Router 12000 Or Router ASR 9000 Core products required: Router 7200 Or Router 7500 Or Router 12000 Or CRS-1 SDC Services products required: Mobile Switch MSC And Digital Signage DMS And Media Engine MXE And Video Mgmt VAMS And NMS ANA Oﬀ Net products required: ONS 15454

178

4.1.26

Consumer 4G

. International Mobile Telecommunications-Advanced (IMT Advanced), better known as 4G, fourth generation, or beyond 3G, is the next technological strategy in the ﬁeld of wireless communications. A 4G system may upgrade existing communication networks and is expected to provide a comprehensive and secure IP based solution, where facilities such as voice, data, and streamed multimedia will be provided to users on an anytime, anywhere basis and at much higher data rates compared to previous generations. This is a service. Per Customer Cost: 80 PlanNet Oros per month Technology required: 4G LTE Wimax Services replaced: Consumer 3G with e-Wallet Add-on to: Nothing Media required: Cellular Connection products required: IP Base Station Aggregation products required: Router 7600 Or Router ASR 1000 Or Router ASR 9000 Edge products required: Router 7200 Or Router 7500 Or Router 7600 Or Router 12000 Or Router ASR 9000 Core products required: Router 7200 Or Router 7500 Or Router 12000 Or CRS-1 SDC Services products required: Mobile Switch MSC And Digital Signage DMS And Media Engine MXE And Video Mgmt VAMS And NMS ANA Oﬀ Net products required: ONS 15454

4.1.27

Business Phone

. Business phone services allow all users to access multiple lines and services including Integrated Voice Response (IVR) services that are required by business customers to maintain good working relationships with their customers and clients. This is a service Per Customer Cost: 2200 PlanNet Oros per month Technology required: Landline Telephone Add-on to: Nothing 179

Tech upgrades: Video Phone Voice over IP VOIP Uniﬁed Communications Web Conferencing IP Video Conferencing Media required: Copper Wire Connection products required: Copper Node SDC Services products required: Telephone Switch

4.1.28

Business Leased Line WAN

. The business WAM is a computer network that allows business to spread their internal communications network over a broad area (i.e., any network whose communications links cross metropolitan, regional, or national boundaries). Many service providers oﬀer leased WAM services as a managed service to their customers. Leased-line WAM is typically made up of ISDN or fractional T1 digital lines. This is a service. Per Customer Cost: 1300 PlanNet Oros per month Technology required: Wide Area Network WAM Add-on to: Nothing Tech upgrades: TCP/IP Dialup RAS Email ISDN Video Phone Media required: Copper Wire Or Fiber Cable Connection products required: Copper Node Or Optical Node Edge products required: WAM Switch IGX MGX Core products required: WAM Switch BPX Oﬀ net products required: ONS 15454

4.1.29

Business Packet Switched WAN

. The business WAM is a computer network that allows business to spread their internal communications network over a broad area (i.e., network whose communications links cross metropolitan, regional, or national boundaries). Many services providers oﬀer leased WAM services as a managed service to their customers. Leased-line WAMs are typically made up of ISDN or fractional T1 digital lines. Leased lines can be very expensive. Instead of using leased lines, WAMs can also be built using less costly packet switching methods. Network protocols including TCP/IP deliver transport and addressing functions. Protocols including Packet over SONET/SDH, MPLS. ATM and 180

Frame Relay are often used by service providers to deliver the links used in WAMs. This is a service. Per Customer Cost: 1100 PlanNet Oros per month Technology required: Frame / Cell Switching Services replaced: Business Leased Line WAM Add-on to: Nothing Media required: Copper Wire Or Fiber Cable Connection products required: Copper Node Or Optical Node Edge products required: WAM Switch IGX MGX Or Router 10000 Core products required: WAM Switch BPX Or Router 12000 Oﬀ net products required: ONS 15454

4.1.30

Mgd WAN with ﬁrewall

. Managed WAM services typically come with additional service options such as ﬁrewall. A ﬁrewall is a part of the network that is designed to block unauthorized access while permitting authorized communications. This is a service. Per Customer Cost: 600 PlanNet Oros per month Technology required: Firewall And SLA And Wide Area Network WAM Add-on to: Business Leased Line WAM

4.1.31

Mgd VPN with ﬁrewall

. A virtual private network (VPN) is a computer network in which some of the links between nodes are carried by open connections or virtual circuits in some larger networks (such a the Internet), as opposed to running across a single private network. This is a service. Per Customer Cost: 800 PlanNet Oros per month Technology required: MPLS And SLA And Firewall Services replaced: Mgd WAM with ﬁrewall Add-on to: Nothing

181

4.1.32

Mgd VPN with FW DDOS IPS

. Managed WAM services typically come with additional service options like VPN, DDOS, and IPS. A denial-of-service attack (DoS attack) or distributed denial-of-service attack (DDoS attack) is an attempt to make a computer resource unavailable to its intended users. This is a service. Per Customer Cost: 1000 PlanNet Oros per month Technology required: DDOS IPS And SLA Services replaced: Mgd VPN with ﬁrewall Add-on to: Nothing SDC Services products required: DDOS Server

182

4.1.33

Business Internet

. Service providers are now oﬀering Internet business solutions that enable business customers to provide a higher level of service to their clientele. Internet business services reduce total cost of business ownership due to the ease of accessibility. These services increase the eﬃciency of research, development, and sales. Internet business solutions also help develop consumer awareness and provide a reliable medium for market research and current market conditions. This is a service. Per Customer Cost: 1400 PlanNet Oros per month Technology required: TCP/IP Add-on to: Nothing Tech upgrades: World Wide Web WWW Firewall Media required: Copper Wire Connection products required: Copper Node Edge products required: Router 7200 Or Router 7500 Core products required: Router 7200 Or Router 7500 Oﬀ Net products required: ONS 15454

183

4.1.34

Business Converged VPN

. This is a service. Per Customer Cost: 2900 PlanNet Oros per month Technology required: Broadband Era Add-on to: Nothing Tech upgrades: Instant Messaging Traﬃc Engineering TE Wireless LAN Voice over IP VOIP Uniﬁed Communications DDOS IPS E-Commerce Carrier Ethernet CE Blogging Telecommuting Distance Learning IP Video Web Conferencing Collaboration Tools IP Video Conferencing Telepresence Holograms User Generated Content Virtual Worlds Social Networking Cloud Computing Uniﬁed Computing Media required: Copper Wire Or Fiber Wire Or Coaxial Cable Connection products required: Copper Node Or Optical Node Or Coax Node Access products required: 50DSLAMs Or 10 CMTS UBRs Or 25 MSPPs Aggregation products required: Router 7600 Or Router 10000 Or Router ASR 1000 Or Router ASR 9000 Or Switch Cat3000 Or Switch Cat4500 Or Switch Cat6500 Edge products required: Router 7200 Or Router 7500 Or Router 7600 Or Router 10000 Or Router 12000 Core products required: Router 7200 Or Router 7500 Or Router 12000 Or CRS-1 Oﬀ Net products required: ONS-15454

184

4.1.35

Business App aware VPN

. This is a service. Per Customer Cost: 3400 PlanNet Oros per month Technology required: Deep Packet Inspection DPI Services replaced: Business Converged VPN Add-on to: Nothing Media required: Copper Wire Or Fiber Wire Or Coaxial Cable Connection products required: Copper Node Or Optical Node Or Coax Node Access products required: 50DSLAMs Or 10 CMTS UBRs Or 20 Cat2000 Switches Or 25 MSPPs Aggregation products required: Router 7600 Or Router 10000 Or Router ASR 1000 Or Router ASR 9000 Or Switch Cat3000 Or Switch Cat4500 Or Switch Cat6500 Edge products required: Router 7200 Or Router 7500 Or Router 7600 Or Router 10000 Or Router 12000 Core products required: Router 7200 Or Router 7500 Or Router 12000 Or CRS-1 SDC Services products required: NMS ANA Oﬀ Net products required: ONS-15454

185

4.1.36

Mgd IP PBX

. An IP (Internet Protocol) PBX (private branch exchange) is a business telephone system designed to deliver voice or video over a data network and interoperate with the normal Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTN) This is a service. Per Customer Cost: 1400 PlanNet Oros per month Technology required: Voice Over IP VOIP And SLA Add-on to: Business Converged VPN Tech upgrades: Telecommuting Voice Quality SDC Services products required: VOIP Gateway And Call Manager with Unity

186

4.1.37

Mgd Uniﬁed Communications

. Uniﬁed communication (UC) is the integration of real-time communication services such as instant messaging (chat), presence information, IP telephony, video conferencing, call control, and speech control with non-real-time communications services such as uniﬁed messaging (integrated voicemail, email, SMS, and fax). UC is not a single product, but a set of products that provides a consistent uniﬁed user interface and user experience across multiple devices and media types. This is a service. Per Customer Cost: 1400 PlanNet Oros per month Technology required: Uniﬁed Communications And SLA Services replaced: Mgd IP PBX Tech upgrades: Instant Messaging Web Conferencing

187

4.1.38

Mgd UC with Video Phones

. A UC system is capable of sending, receiving, recording, and playback of video messaging. This is a service. Per Customer Cost: 3000 PlanNet Oros per month Technology required: IP Video Conferencing And SLA Services replaced: Mgd Uniﬁed Conferencing Tech upgrades: Tele Presence

188

4.1.39

Mgd Telepresence

. Rather than travelling great distances in order to have a face-face meeting, businessmen and women can teleconference instead, using a multiway video phone. Each member of the meeting, or each party, can see every other member on a screen or screens, and can talk to them as if they were in the same room. This brings enormous time and cost beneﬁts, as well as a reduced impact on the environment by lessening the need for travel, a damaging source of carbon emissions. This is a service. Per Customer Cost: 15000 PlanNet Oros per month Technology required: Tele Presence And SLA Add-on to: Business Converged VPN Tech upgrades: DDOS IPS SDC Switching products required: Switch Cat6500 Or Switch Nexus SDC Services products required: TelePresence

189

4.1.40

Mgd Holograms

. This is a service. Per Customer Cost: 15000 PlanNet Oros per month Technology required: Holograms And SLA Services replaced: Mgd Telepresence Add-on to: Nothing

190

4.1.41

This is a service.

. Per Customer Cost: 900 PlanNet Oros per month Technology required: IP Video Surveillance And SLA Add-on to: Business Converged VPN Tech upgrades: Storage Area Network SAN IP Video Quality Mobile Media Data Center Virtualization SDC Switching products required: Switch Cat6500 Or Switch Nexus SDC Storage products required: MDS 9000 SDC Services products required: IP Video Surveillance And Virtualization VFrame

191

4.1.42

Mgd Digital Signage

. This is a service. Per Customer Cost: 200 PlanNet Oros per month Technology required: Digital Signage Add-on to: Nothing Tech upgrades: Content Caching Storage Area Network SAN Virtual Worlds Social Networking Location Based Service LBS Mobile Media Data Center Virtualization Mobile Commerce Media required: Fiber Cable Connection products required: Optical Node Access products required: 20 Cat2000 Switches Aggregation products required: Switch Cat3000 Or Switch Cat4500 Or Switch Cat6500 Edge products required: Router 7200 Or Router 7500 Or Router 7600 Or Router 12000 Or Router ASR 9000 Core products required: Router 7200 Or Router 7500 Or Router 12000 Or CRS-1 SDC Switching products required: Switch Cat6500 Or Switch Nexus SDC Storage products required: MDS 9000 SDC Services products required: Digital Signage DMS and Virtualization VFRAME

192

4.1.43

Business 1G Mobile Voice

. 1G refers to the ﬁrst-generation of wireless telephone technology characterized by the use of analog standards and devices that make up the wireless network. This is a service. This service is obsolete. Per Customer Cost: 7000 PlanNet Oros per month Technology required: 1G Analog Cellular Media required: Cellular Connection products required: 3G Base Station SDC Services products required: Mobile Switch MSC

193

4.1.44

Business 1G Mobile Pager

. A pager is a personal telecommunications device receiving short messages. A one-way numeric pager can only receive a message consisting of a few digits, typically a phone number that the user is then expected to call. Paging is a subscription service oﬀered in a variety of plans and options to meet the needs of a subscriber and the type of device used. Paging systems are often used in the emergency medical ﬁeld because of the high reliability of the paging system, especially during crisis events. This is a service. This service is obsolete. Per Customer Cost: 2800 PlanNet Oros per month Technology required: 1G Analog Cellular Media required: Cellular Connection products required: 3G Base Station SDC Services products required: Mobile Switch MSC

194

4.1.45

Business 2G Mobile

. 2G refers to the second generation of mobile telephone technology characterized by the use of digital wireless protocols and devices. Digital protocols allow for more eﬃcient use of the frequency spectrum and thus allow for better and more densely covered radio areas or cells. The most common deployment of 2G systems is referred to as GSM. This is a service. Per Customer Cost: 5600 PlanNet Oros per month Technology required: 2G Mobile Services replaced: Business 1G Mobile Voice Services obsoleted: Business 1G Mobile Pager Tech upgrades: Mobile Texting Media required: Cellular Connection products required: 3G Base Station SDC Services products required: Mobile Switch MSC

195

4.1.46

Business 2.5G Mobile

. 2.5G is a stepping stone between 2G and 3G cellular wireless technologies. The term second and a half generation is used to describe 2G systems that have implemented a packet-switch domain in addition to the circuit-switched domain. This is a service. Per Customer Cost: 5200 PlanNet Oros per month Technology required: Business 2G Mobile Tech upgrades: Instant Messaging Uniﬁed Communications Search Engine Digital Rights Mgmt DRM Content Caching Storage Area Network SAN Mobile Connected Life Media required: Cellular Connection products required: 3G Base Station Access products required: 25 MWRs Aggregation products required: Router 7600 or Router ASR 1000 or Router ASR 9000 Edge products required: Router 7200 or Router 7500 or Router 7600 or Router 12000 or Router ASR 9000 Core products required: Router 7200 or Router 7500 or Router 12000 or CRS-1 SDC Services products required: Mobile Switch MSC and NMS ANA Oﬀ Net products required: ONS 15454

196

4.1.47

Business 3G Mobile

. 3G refers to the third generation of mobile telecommunications characterized by the availability of a wider range of more advanced services while achieving greater network capacity through improve spectral eﬃciency. This is a service. Per Customer Cost: 5500 PlanNet Oros per month Technology required: 3G IMT-2000 Services replaced: Business 2.5G mobile Tech upgrades: Blogging IP Video User Generated Content Social Networking Location Based Service LBS Mobile Commerce 3G Wi-Fi UMA Femtocell Media required: Cellular Connection products required: 3G Base Station Access products required: 25 MWRs Aggregation products required: Router 7600 or Router ASR 1000 or Router 9000 Edge products required: Router 7200 or Router 7500 or Router 7600 or Router 12000 or Router ASR 9000 Core products required: Router 7200 or Router 7500 or Router 12000 or CRS-1 SDC Services products required: Mobile Switch MSC and NMS ANA Oﬀ Net products required: ONS 15454

197

4.1.48

Business 3G with VPN

. This is a service: Per Customer Cost: 6200 PlanNet Oros per month Technology required: Mobile VPN Services replaced: Business 3G Mobile Media required: Cellular Connection products required: 3G Base Station Access products required: 25 MWRs Aggregation products required: Router 7600 or Router ASR 1000 or Router ASR 9000 Edge products required: Router 7200 or Router 7500 or Router 7600 or Router 12000 or Router ASR 9000 Core products required: Router 7200 or Router 7500 or Router 12000 or CRS-1 SDC Services products required: Mobile Switch MSC and NMS ANA Oﬀ Net products required: ONS 15454

198

4.1.49

Business 3G with VPN Webex

. This is a service: Per Customer Cost: 6200 PlanNet Oros per month Technology required: Mobile VPN and Web Conferencing Services replaced: Business 3G with VPN Media required: Cellular Connection products required: 3G Base Station Access products required: 25 MWRs Aggregation products required: Router 7600 or Router ASR 1000 or Router ASR 9000 Edge products required: Router 7200 or Router 7500 or Router 7600 or Router 12000 or Router ASR 9000 Core products required: Router 7200 or Router 7500 or Router 12000 or CRS-1 SDC Services products required: Mobile Switch MSC and NMS ANA and Webex Oﬀ Net products required: ONS 15454

199

4.1.50

Business 4G Mobile

. This is a service: Per Customer Cost: 8000 PlanNet Oros per month Technology required: 4G LTE Wimax Services replaced: Business 3G with VPN Webex Media required: Cellular Connection products required: IP Base Station Access products required: 25 MWRs Aggregation products required: Router 7600 or Router ASR 1000 or Router ASR 9000 Edge products required: Router 7200 or Router 7500 or Router 7600 or Router 12000 or Router ASR 9000 Core products required: Router 7200 or Router 7500 or Router 12000 or CRS-1 SDC Services products required: Mobile Switch MSC and Media Engine MXE and Video Mgmt VAMS and NMS ANA and Webex Oﬀ Net products required: ONS 15454

200

4.1.51

IAAS Storage

. For a monthly fee, users paid for the storage and application hosting that they needed from the service provider as a cloud service. Service providers oﬀered easy-to-use portals to provision the capacities and resources. Tiered pricing models allowed customers to pay as they grew based on the amount resources consumed. This is a service. Per Customer Cost: 400 PlanNet Oros per month Technology required: Storage Area Network SAN Add-on to: Business Converged VPN Tech upgrades: DDOS IPS IP Video 3G IMT-2000 Collaboration Tools User Generated Content Virtual Worlds Social Networking Cloud Computing Uniﬁed Computing Network PVR IP Video Surveillance SDC Switching products required: Switch Cat6500 or Switch Nexus SDC Storage products required: MDS 9000 SDC Services products required: Virtualization VFRAME

201

4.1.52

IAAS Contact Center

. Companies rented technology platforms required for customer service or acquisition instead of deploying it themselves, thus minimizing capital and operational expenses. The SP provided these platforms along with connectivity for a fee as a cloud service, while companies focused on hiring and training customer representatives for their core business. This is a service. Per Customer Cost: 1500 PlanNet Oros per month Technology required: Data Center Virtualization Add-on to: Business Converged VPN Tech upgrades: DDOS IPS SDC Switching products required: Switch Cat6500 or Switch Nexus SDC Services products required: Contact Center

202

4.1.53

PAAS Entertainment

. Entertainment venues increasingly shifted online, and producers looked to develop robust platforms to host them. Rather than build it themselves, they turned to SPs who had the technology expertise to do so. Producers could pay a fee to the SP for various conﬁgurations, allowing budding artists as well big-labels to reach wider audience quickly. This is a service. Per Customer Cost: Could Computing Add-on to: Business Converged VPN Tech upgrades: DDOS IPS Targeted Advertising Blogging IP Video User Generated Content Virtual Worlds Social Networking Mobile Commerce TV Commerce SDC Switching products required: Switch Cat6500 or Switch Nexus SDC Services products required: Media Platform EOS

203

4.1.54

PAAS Biz Productivity

. Companies rented technology platforms required for productivity, like messaging or workﬂow documentation, instead of deploying it themselves. The SP provided these platforms along with connectivity for a fee as a cloud service, while companies focused on their core business. Companies n o longer had to worry about obsolesce or hiring for IT support, thus minimizing their capital and operational expenses. This is a service. Per Customer Cost: 1100 PlanNet Oros per month Technology required: Cloud Computing Add-on to: Business Converged VPN Tech upgrades: DDOS IPS Targeted Advertising IP Video Web Conferencing Collaboration Tools SDC Switching products required: Switch Cat6500 or Switch Nexus SDC Storage products required: MDS 9000 SDC Services products required: Uniﬁed Computing UCS and Virtualization VFRAME

204

4.1.55

SAAS Webex

. As companies trimmed travel costs, they didnt want to lose out on business meetings. SPs jumped in to oﬀer services from the cloud requiring customers to only have an Internet connection. These services provided value-adds beyond voice conferencing, like live document sharing and annotation, whiteboarding, chats and video integration. Soon enough, corporate travel gave way to mouse-driven facilities. This is a service. Per Customer Cost: 2500 PlanNet Oros per month Technology required: Uniﬁed Computing and Web Conferencing Add-on to: Business Converged VPN Tech upgrades: DDOS IPS 3G IMT-2000 IP Video Conferencing SDC Switching products required: Switch Cat 6500 or Switch Nexus SDC Services products required: Webex ......................................................................................................

205

4.2

Description of Features

NETWORK SERVICES

4.2.1

Virtual LANs (VLAN)

. VLANs allow users to create multiple logical networks on the same physical network. Thus business, residential, wholesale, video, etc. users can be grouped in separate logical networks on single network devices. This leads to better eﬃciencies and higher utilization of available resources. Create multiple logical networks on the same physical network. This is a feature. Enabled with: Local Area Network LAN

4.2.2

Video Call Admission Control (CAC)

. Call Admission Control (CAC) is a feature in Cisco platforms that prevents traﬃc overloading. For a network designed to handle N users, when the N+ 1 user arrives, he or she is dropped instead of allowing his or her traﬃc and degrading all N+1 users. This helps ensure that video or voice services for existing users do not degrade in quality. Ensure better end user video experience in spite of traﬃc overloading. This is a feature. Enabled with: Voice Quality

206

4.2.3

Secure Domain Routers (SDR)

. Secure Domain Routers (SDRs) is a pioneering feature in Ciscos high-end routing platforms such as the CRS-1. It partitions a single physical system into multiple domains with separate hardware and software resources. Thus with SDRs, the operator can create multiple logical networks, perhaps one per customer type (business/residential/wholesale), without building separate networks for each. Partition a single physical system into multiple domains with separate hardware and software resources. This is a feature. Enabled with: Data Center Virtualization

4.2.4

Integrated Video Module

. Video content caching in Cisco routing platforms (such as the ASR9000) optimizes content delivery toward the end customer. By embedding this intelligence in the network, this feature helps enhance customer content choice by providing more options (video libraries, time-shifted broadcast, etc.) Distributing content closer to user increases network performance. This is a feature. Enabled with: Hyper Syndicated Video HSV

207

4.2.5

Wide Area Acceleration Service (WAAS)

. The Wide Area Acceleration Service (WAAS) feature in Cisco solutions speeds up application response time across WANs. This allows IT department to centralize applications and storage in the data center while maintaining LAN-like application performance, and provides locally hosted IT services while reducing the branch-oﬃce device footprint. Reduce network traﬃc and increase performance. This is a feature. Enabled with: Content Caching

4.2.6

Multicast only FRR (Mo FRR)

. Multicast only Fast ReRoute (MoFRR) is a feature in the Cisco solutions portfolio that increases reliability of video services within IP networks. This innovate feature is a simple enhancement to traditional multicast processing by instantiating resilient trees for faster convergence. Increase reliability of multicast video networks for better experiences. This is a feature. Enabled with: IPTV QoE

208

4.2.7

Fabric QoS

. Cisco platforms deliver superior performance with fabric quality of service (QoS). This helps ensure priority traﬃc is processed ahead of other traﬃc within the device and not just at the ingress and egress ports. Deliver superior performance with fabric QoS in addition to ingress and egress. This is a feature. Enabled with: Quality of Service QoS

4.2.8

Zero Touch Transport

. Zero touch transport in Ciscos IPoDWDM solution allows provisioning of optical wavelengths from a central management platform. Thus, rerouting traﬃc in a node is automated from the network operations center, and there is no need to send support personnel to the node, reducing service calls. This reduces carbon footprint, too. No truck rolls for wavelength rerouting by using Omnidirectional IPoDWDM. This is a feature. Enabled with: IPoDWDM

209

4.2.9

Virtualization

. Virtualization in Cisco platforms increases reusability of software, hardware, and network components. The Uniﬁed Computing System (UCS) solution features this in the computing domain, while the Nexus platform features this in the data center domain. IOS XR platforms feature this in the network domain. Increase reusability of software, hardware and network components. This is a feature. Enabled with: Data Center Virtualization

4.2.10

Virtual Firewall

. The virtual ﬁrewall in Cisco platforms allows multiple customers to share a single physical ﬁrewall resource. Thus operators can increase security and provide more revenue-yielding services without increasing network devices. Increase security without increasing resources. This is a feature. Enabled with: E-commerce

210

4.2.11

Mobile Gateways (PDSN, GGSN)

. Gateways such as PDSN and GGSN in the Cisco solution portfolio help mobile operators expand their oﬀering beyond voice to revenue-yielding data services. These gateways provide IP intelligence and translation in the network to connect users with smart phones to the Internet. Provide media rich IP services on mobile networks. This is a feature Enabled with: 2.5G Mobile

4.2.12

Live-Live Video Transport

. Live-Live Video transport is a feature in the Cisco solutions portfolio that provides ﬂawless services without interruptions. The feature works by retransmitting media streams on separate paths, achieving spatial diversity with lower bandwidth. Provides ﬂawless video transport service with interruptions. This is a feature. Enabled with: IPTV QoE

211

4.2.13

In Fabric Multicast Replication

. Video service quality is better on networks with Cisco platforms because they replicate multicast (video) traﬃc in the fabric after ingress. Doing so reduces platform-processing requirements as compared to replicating traﬃc at the ingress right when the traﬃc enters. Deliver better eﬃciency as compared to line card replication. This is a feature. Enabled with: Multicast

4.2.14

Modular Software

. Modular software in high-end Cisco routing platforms such as CRS-1, XR12000, and ASR9000 help ensure continuous operations. Faults are contained in the partitioned domains and do not aﬀect operations in the other modules. Faults are contained and have independent operations per software module. This is a feature. Enabled with: Mobile Connected Life

212

4.2.15

Control Plane Policing (CPP) Security

. Control Plane Policing (CPP) in Cisco platforms fortiﬁes them signiﬁcantly. Malicious users trying to hack into the network by bombarding packets toward the control plane (e.g., routing protocols) of Cisco platforms are thwarted by this unique feature. Enhance security for control plane protocols and systems. This is a feature. Enabled with: DDOS IPS

4.2.16

Session Border Controller (SBC)

. The Session Border Control (SBC) feature in Cisco platforms helps ensure quality services in voice and video environment. It negotiates and then synchronizes diﬀering settings between communicating end points, helping ensure compatibility. Proliferating protocols and codecs within various devices make interoperability diﬃcult, and SBC addresses this situation. Keep delivering quality services in mixed protocols and codecs environment. This is a feature. Enabled with: Uniﬁed Communications

213

4.2.17

Service and App Module for IP (SAM)

. The Service and Application Module for IP (SAMI) in Cisco edge routing platforms is a ﬂexible component to expand mobile and broadband service capacity in a short time. The feature can be conﬁgures with several applications ranging from content-based billing, to home agents, to mobile packet gateways. Expand capacity of mobile and broadband networks in a short time. This is a feature. Enabled with: 3G IMT-2000

4.2.18

Targeted Advertising Revenue

. Targeted Ads is a feature in the Cisco video solutions portfolio that enables higher revenue collection from local users. This feature allows targeting ad zones in speciﬁc geographic areas or using switched digital video (SDV) to target advertisements based on demographic proﬁles. The ads can be inserted in video-on-demand, set tops, or other systems. Enables revenue to be collected from targeted ads. This is a feature. Enabled with: Targeted Advertising

214

4.2.19

IP Service Level Agreement

. Cisco solutions have embedded agents that report on network traﬃc at the application level. These stats help providers measure performance, which is then translated to service-level agreements. There is no need for external monitors or probes. Application level stats across the network help enforce customer SLAs. This is a feature. Enabled with: Broadband Era

4.2.20

Device High Availability (HA)

. Cisco platforms feature high availability as a standard feature. Redundant modules like power system, CPU, and fans allow the device to continue functioning in spite of one component failure. Ensures higher uptime with redundant modules like power CPU fans etc. This is a feature. Enabled with: Wide Area Network WAN

215

4.2.21

Ethernet OAM (Ops Admin and Maintenance)

. Carrier Ethernet platforms in Cisco products provide numerous techniques for administration and management. These standards-based features allow operators to troubleshoot network problems and report them to higher-level operation support systems. Manage across Application Network and Transport layers in Carrier Ethernet. This is a feature. Enabled with: FTTX

4.2.22

Walled Garden

. The Walled Garden feature in Cisco broadband platforms allows operators to buils portals with compelling tailored to the local user. Customers are enticed towards this portal, and the operator can gain revenue with targeted promotions. Entice users with services localized content. This is a feature. Enabled with: Wireless LAN

216

4.2.23

Active Optical Network (AON)

. The Active Optical Network (AON) feature in the Cisco Carrier Ethernet portfolio helps build a ﬂexible, long-term infrastructure to deliver multiplay services. The converged infrastructure supports ﬁve essential attributes: converged, resiliency, intelligence, scalability, and manageability while maintaining growth and proﬁtability in the face of stiﬀ market competition. Build ﬂexible, long-term infrastructure for Carrier Ethernet. This is a feature. Enabled with: FTTX

4.2.24

Femto Cells

. The Cisco mobile solutions portfolio supports the security needs of various in-home licensed and unlicensed wireless broadband technologies, such as Femto, which enable service providers to scale their oﬀerings. Femtocells are envisioned to enable mobile operators to oﬀer micro base stations for use in subscribers homes or oﬃcers to deliver voice and data at carrier-grade quality at cheaper costs for operators and customers. Increases mobile coverage and quality with mini home radios. This is a feature. Enabled with: Femtocell

217

4.2.25

Embedded Event Manager (EEM)

. Embedded agents within Cisco platforms monitor network traﬃc and can be programmed to detect certain events that cross baseline performance. As these thresholds are breached, the platform can automatically notify administrators and even take some corrective action. Detect events by setting thresholds directly within a network platform. This is a feature. Enabled with: Connected Home

4.2.26

System Resiliency

. System resiliency features in Cisco platforms enhance uptime. Non-Stop Forwarding (NSF), Stateful Switch Over (SSO), and In-Service System Upgrade (ISSU) are some of these techniques. Ensure higher uptime with techniques like NSF SSO ISSU etc. This is a feature. Enabled with: Broadband Era

218

4.2.27

Network Based App Recognition (NBAR)

. Network-Based Application Recognition (NBAR) in Cisco platforms classiﬁes traﬃc by application to appropriate QoS policies. The deep visibility into apps by NBAR is invaluable when tuning common services such as ﬁle transfer (FTP), surﬁng (HTTP), and more. Classify traﬃc by application to apply appropriate QoS policies. This is a feature. Enabled with: SLA

4.2.28

Admission Control RSVP

. RSVP is a protocol to allow network platforms control of voice and video communications. This feature works by helping ensure the network has all resources in the path of communication between the end-points. Thus the end-user is allowed to or prevented from communicating based on network availability, and this increases satisfaction. Control quality of demanding apps by limiting users. This is a feature. Enabled with: Voice over IP VOIP

219

4.2.29

Carrier Grade NAT (CGNAT)

. Carrier Grade Network Address Translation (CGNAT) helps operators cope with the impending IPv4 address exhaustion. The feature reuses private IPv4 addressing while minimizing the use of public IPv4 addresses. This is highly scalable in performance in the center of operator networks (as opposed to within end-user homes). Peer with other providers while scaling and securing services. This is a feature. Enabled with: Cloud Computing

4.2.30

TV Commerce Revenue

. The TV Commerce feature helps operators use techniques in the Cisco video solutions portfolio increase revenue. Cisco can deliver Medianet technologies that support rich-content marketplaces, transaction-based services, and revenue-sharing with content providers, enabling new business models beyond basic subscription services, and new opportunities for advanced targeted and personalized advertising. Enables shared revenue from TV commerce. This is a feature. Enabled with: TV Commerce

220

4.2.31

Network Flow Monitoring

. Netﬂow providers higher network visibility with detailed traﬃc stats. These stats are used for monitoring, billing and security. They can also be used for usage-based routing. The stats are available on a per-packet or sampled basis for IP and MPLS protocols. Gain higher visibility with detailed traﬃc stats within a network platform for monitoring, billing and security. Usage based routing and billing. This is a feature. Enabled with: TCP/IP

4.2.32

Network Level Resiliency

. Network resiliency features in Cisco platforms enhance service uptime. Graceful restart, Bi-directional Forwarding Detection (BFD), and Fast Re-Route (FRR) are some of these techniques. Ensure higher uptime with techniques like Graceful Restart, BFD, FRR, etc. This is a feature. Enabled with: Carrier Ethernet CE

221

4.2.33

Intelligent Service Gateway (ISG)

. Intelligent Service Gateway (ISG) on Cisco platforms allows broadband users to change their service policies directly without operator intervention by controlling embedded network functionality. This self-service feature empowers users to change their bandwidth, application access, parental control, and more. Control services via intelligent policies embedded directly in the network. This is a feature. Enabled with: Service Personalization

4.2.34

Deep Packet Inspection (DPI)

. The Deep packet Inspection (DPI) feauture in Cisco platforms helps peer deeper within traﬃc ﬂows for monitoring, billing, and security. DPI can examine application-level protocols such as ﬁle transfer (ftp), surﬁng (http), peer to peer (p2p), and more, thereby helping operators gain visibility into their network usage, and perhaps control it too. Peer deeper within traﬃc ﬂoes for monitoring, billing and security. This is a feature. Enabled with: Deep Packet inspection DPI

222

4.2.35

IP Version 6 (IPv6)

. IP version 6 (IPv6) is a pervasive feature in Cisco routing platforms that the network infrastructure against obsolescence. As IPv4 nears its end of life, operators are upgrading their networks to IPv6, and the widespread support of this feature in Cisco platforms helps ensure investment protection. Future-proof and scale the network with IPv6. This is a feature. Enabled with: IPv6

4.2.36

Mobile Commerce Revenue

. The Mobile Commerce feature helps operators use techniques in the Cisco mobile solutions portfolio to increase revenue. The Cisco Wireless IP Communications solution oﬀers all the necessary elements for service providers to oﬀer a fully managed IP-based wireless voice and data service to customers. Enhanced shared revenue from mobile commerce. This is a feature. Enabled with: Mobile Commerce

223

4.2.37

Visual Quality of Experience (VQE)

. Visual quality of experience (VQE) helps ensure better end user video experience in spite of network connectivity issues. Cisco platforms with their intelligence can correct segments of video traﬃc rather than impairing the entire ﬂow and disrupting display (which results in pixilation or freezing). This is a feature. Enabled with: IP Video

4.2.38

Multi Chassis Scalability

. The multichassis feature is a pioneering feature in Ciscos CRS-1 routing platform. It allows expansion of a system from a single chassis to numerous chassis without the need for expensive interconnects or managing each chassis separately. Scalability expands to tens of terabits smoothly on the existing system without ip-and-replace. This feature helps ensure decadelong investment protection. Expanding capacity in the same system with multiple linked chassis. This is a feature. Enabled with: Mobile Connected Life

224

4.2.39

Video Monitoring (Vidmon)

. Video monitoring (Vidmon) embedded in Cisco routing platforms helps achieve TV quality video services over IP networks. Vidmon is a passive per ﬂow video transport monitoring solution that can isolate where packets are dropped in the network. VidMON is industrys ﬁrst real-time, in-line video monitoring solution from Cisco, providing information that helps network managers to more quickly prevent, diagnose, or repair problems with video streams. With VidMON, operators can switch from external probes or out-of-band monitoring to integrated (inline) video monitoring and analysis of video streams. The ability to monitor and analyse video streams in real time is critical to helping ensure the quality of video services over wireline, cable, and mobile networks. Traditionally, operators relied on dedicated appliances (probes) that are challenging to implement cost-eﬃciently without compromising on scale, performance, and network operations. Ciscos comprehensive real-time inline video monitoring solution eliminates the needs for external appliance or dedicated blades within routing infrastructure, resulting in signiﬁcant savings on port/switching capacity, while greatly improving an operators capability to deliver high-value video content over packet transport to premium subscribers without added network complexity. Embedded Video Monitoring enables TV quality video IP networks. This is a feature. Enabled with: IP Video Quality

4.2.40

Hierarchical QoS (HQOS)

. Hierarchical Quality of Service (HQOS) in Cisco platforms allows granular tuning of resources during network communications. By setting a hierarchy of control, the operators has the ﬂexibility to group traﬃc and achieve better results, helping achieve superior network performance. Deliver superior performance with granular tuning using H-QoS This is a feature. Enabled with: Carrier Ethernet CE

225

4.2.41

IPoDWDM Proactive Protection

. Proactive Protection in IP over DWDM (IPoDWDM) provides less than 15 milliseconds switchover on network failures. This is achieved as the Cisco routing platforms have direct visibility into the optical transport layer, and on detecting higher bit error rates, proactively switches to the backup link. This feature vastly improves resiliency compared to traditional SONET/SDH mechanisms. Provide ¡15 ms switchover on network failures improving on SONET/SDH. This is a feature. Enabled with: IPoDWDM

4.2.42

MPLS Traﬃc Engineering

. MPLS Traﬃc Engineering (MPLS TE) is a feature in Cisco platforms that helps ensures higher quality of service for mission-critical applications. It refers to the process of selecting the paths chosen by data traﬃc in order to facilitate eﬃcient and reliable network operations while simultaneously optimizing network utilization and traﬃc performance. Increases quality of service for mission critical applications with traﬃc shaping and policies. This is a feature. Enabled with: Traﬃc Engineering TE ...............................................................................................................

226

Help Information Hello and welcome to Ciscos myPlanNet! In this game, you will take on the owner of the media empire in your city. You will progress through the last 20 years of telecommunications advances, as you grow your city from the dawn of the Internet explosion up to the Medianet. Visit the welcome screen or our Community Site for more information. . Also, have a look at the Tips and Tricks. The game is played as follows: 1. You want to research new technologies so that you discover new services and the products required to enable those services. Along the way you will learn about features that can make your network operations more eﬃcient. 2. Once youve discovered a new service that looks interesting, go to your Network Operations Center (NOC) and buy the products required to enable the services. 3. View All Blocks information and build the media required to connect that service to the blocks around the city. 4. View your Service Operations information to mange the prices of your services, ad see how your cash ﬂow is doing. You must also enable and disable services here by hand so you can pick and choose a what you would like to oﬀer the citizens of your city. 5. Then, when that service is up and running, start over with more research to gain access to more services. 6. The game ends when you research the Medianet technology, or when you run out of money. There is no going into debt in this game, so be careful that you dont buy too many products too quickly, or you could spend all your cash maintaining the excess equipment when you dont have enough customers. 7. Some information is hyperlinked in red and underlined and will take you to other information pages. For example, an information page 227

about a service will list the technology prerequisites, and the products required to enable it. It may also list technology upgrades and any services that could eventually replace it. 8. From time to time little ﬂoating symbols will appear on the map. These will give you updates on what your customers think of your services, and you will make customers happier by giving them extra attention by clicking on the spinning smiley faces. Also you may given the chance to meet challenges for extra rewards by clicking the spinning exclamation marks. 9. A tutorial can be accessed by clicking the Tutorial button on the bottom right of the screen. This will guide you through the various game menus and concepts. . Good luck and enjoy the game!. Tips and Tricks . 1. be sure to check your network Operations Center after youve researched a new technology. New products may be available for purchase allowing new services to be rolled out. 2. Dont overbuild your capacity in the NOC or you will be stuck with high upkeep fees for underutilized equipment. 3. however, you may need to buy more than one of each item in the access layer to enable business services since the capabilities of the access layer products are split among all potential blocks and businesses require 100 sub capacity (one for each worker) for their block before they can begin to use that access equipment. 4. The sweet spot price for a service is randomly determined at the start of a game. If a service is not gaining customers after youve built all the products, for it, try lowering the price and see if you start to gain customers. Also, if you want to maximize proﬁt, try raising prices a bit and see if you are still gaining enough customers. Its possible that the sweet spot price is higher than the one set at the beginning of the game. 5. Dont forget to keep up with the media connections in the city blocks by double-clicking on the city map, or clicking the All Blocks button. 228

The media connections build themselves automatically after youve purchased the connection gear. 6. there are graphs available that can help you manage your ﬁnances and image. services. Graphs are accessed by clicking on the 7. Many game concepts and terms have help ﬁles you to make associated with them. Access the information by clicking on the red underlined phrases found through the game. These help pages have link to other pages showing how game concepts and objects ﬁt together. 8. Be careful when buying connection products in all the All Blocks Pane. The buttons in the left will attempt to buy a product in all city blocks at the same time. That can push you down to near 0 money while greatly increasing maintenance fees at the same time. 9. There is no negative money or going into debt in this game. If you ever go below 0 PlanNet Oros, the game will end. . Media and Connections There are several types of media that can be built in each city block: Copper, Coaxial Cable, Fiber Optic Cable and Wireless Access. The numbers presented in the list are in the following form: Copper: 1563/2050 Max: 20000 The left most 1563 means there are 1563 Copper media connections built in that city block. The 2050 represents the total population of that block. The 20000 represents the maximum theoretical number of media connections built in that block based on how many nodes youve built for that block. Once the nodes are built, the number of media connections increases automatically over time. The growth rate is proportional to the total population and not the maximum capacity, but the growth will stop once the maximum capacity is reached.

229

Network Status The network is the heart of your multimedia empire. Each product has a base upkeep associated with it that covers maintenance and other costs. They also take up a certain amount of scope, calculated in Rack Units (RU). Each RU costs 11 PlanNet Oros per month. Finally, they also use a certain amount of power, expressed in kilowatts. Each kilowatt of power used incurs an opex of 57.6 PlanNet Oros per month. Income and Expenses The Service Operations window breaks down the diﬀerent expenses and sources of income in the game. The Customer Cost is in an aggregation of various costs per customer. These include things like billing, administration and customer service. This cost increases with each customer you sign up. Maintenance represents the ﬁxed costs associated with the NOC equipment. These costs include maintenance, power and rent. Special Events are those that you pay every month if you choose to pay to complete certain challenges that will appear during the game. Total expenses are the sum of all the expense numbers. Income is the total amount of revenue you collect from your customers each month. Net Income is your Income minus Expenses per month. ............................................................................................................

230

231 Figure 4.1: Dial Up Era Coverage Year from 1990 to Year 1995

.

. 232 Figure 4.2: Broadband Era Coverage Year from 1996 to Year 2002

. 233 Figure 4.3: After the Broadband Era Coverage Year from 2002 to Year 2010

234 Figure 4.4: Timeline 1 of 3

.

235 Figure 4.5: Timeline 2 of 3

.

236 Figure 4.6: Timeline 3 of 3

.

237 Figure 4.7: Phases of Network Development

.

. Figure 4.8: Result Timeline of MetdTech Foundation

238

Chapter 5 Conclusion of Future Technology
Generation nowadays, really interpret how would be the future and the developments of technology. New trends, new gadgets, new business and everything will seemingly look new for a years from now. When human started to be curious for a thing, anyone tries to explore, everyone made new contribution to the technology. No matter what would be the cause depending on the maker, it explode and probably invade the old world to become a new one. . Behing those things as the nature probid, there will a enormous changes in the world that could be imbalance as of the human society.As I look beyond pass, for me it would be really felt poor to saw those kind of development. The technology and human knowledge will both improve and will take a long run. .

239

Similar Documents

Daniw

About Hotel

Factors Affecting the Study Habits of Students

Btcho

Something

Stories

Popular Essays