...a man go out from her house and visit a man where he lives, and he have intercourse with her, knowing that she is a man’s wife, the man and also the woman they shall be put to death.”(Assura p.1) This law gives a punishment to both guilty parties. As for the woman, she must be dedicated to her husband, or be really good at sneaking behind her husband’s back. If caught, she will be put to death. For the Indians, women have to be more faithful, because they have more to lose if divorced. “A woman who hates her husband, who has passed the period of seven turns of her menses, and who loves another, shall immediately return to her husband both the endowment and jewelry she has received from him, and allow him to lie down with another woman “(Kautilya p.1). The interpretation perceived is that even if the woman hates her husband and wants a divorce, but the husband does not, then the marriage is still binding. The woman has no say. The husband must agree for a divorce. If she loves another and still decides to leave, then she must return all of her possessions given to her by her husband during the marriage...
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...council members of the king are expected to be ideal, but unfortunately, there would be times that mistakes or betrayals happen. These kinds of violations are often seen and discovered by the spies that the king himself utilizes. Due to the fact that the king’s priority is the betterment of his own kingdom, according to Kautilya, he must utilize his spies even on his own council. Since these council members must uphold the virtues, they must set an immaculate example to all of the members of society. Not only the members themselves, but in actuality, even their own relatives must be of decent conduct since they can also reflect their own image. At given circumstances, the spies may even conspire to poison a courtier when deemed as a fatal threat to the king and his subjects. Next, the Arthashastra tackles on the possibility of the kingdom going bankrupt. In a situation like this, Kautilya has noted ways in order for the king to find aid from his various subjects. Although, the procedures for such aid may range from honorable ways to dishonest manners, but only to be done by the spies. Given the situation that the kingdom is not bankrupt, it is stated by Kautilya that one-fourth of the state’s revenue must be for the maintenance of the king’s constituents. The exact amounts have been mentioned in the Arthashastra and these are found fair and just. As for courtiers, if they deem to have the vast knowledge and capabilities to fully serve the king and the state, he may do so as stated...
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...Kautilya's Arthashastra Translated into English by R. Shamasastry Kautilya's Arthashastra Translated into English by R. Shamasastry Kautilya's Arthashastra Table of Contents Book I, "Concerning Discipline" .............................................................. 3 Book II, "The Duties of Government Superintendents" ....................... 60 Book III, "Concerning Law" ................................................................. 213 Book IV, "The Removal of Thorns"...................................................... 285 Book V, "The Conduct of Courtiers" ................................................... 336 Book VI: The Source of Sovereign States ............................................ 362 Book VII, "The End of the Six-Fold Policy" .......................................... 370 Book VIII: Concerning Vices and Calamities........................................ 467 Book IX, "The Work of an Invader" ..................................................... 490 Book X, "Relating to War" ................................................................... 521 Book XI, "The Conduct of Corporations" ............................................ 541 Book XII, "Concerning a Powerful Enemy" ......................................... 547 Book XIII, "Strategic Means to Capture a Fortress" ............................ 563 Book XIV, "Secret Means" ................................................................... 584 Book XV, "The Plan of a Treatise" ......
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...Chandra Gupta Maurya a thriving focal point of prostitution and it was the first run through the consideration of the State was attracted to the province of prostitutes for its compelling control and to bring it under the commitment of a balanced out tax collection framework. House of ill-repute keeping was looked upon as a wellspring of Govt. income. Kautilya has utilized the words, for example, Ganika, Praganika, Dasi, Devadasi, Rupijiva and so on for the prostitutes and courtesans. Kautilya's Arthashastra contains rules for prostitutes and their exercises and gives a record of how prostitutes should carry on and how their lives be requested. The capacity of prostitutes was excitement, as well as utilized for political purposes, particularly in reconnaissance work. Prostitutes were solely in the administration of the ruler. Arthashastra demonstrates the distinctive parts played by mistresses to help the State income. Distinctive evaluations of mistresses and prostitutes paid cash to the State by method for charges. Their calling was a vital wellspring of income to the State, their rights and benefits were perceived. To Kautilya the prostitutes were State property and any damage to them implied a misfortune to the State. In this way he recommended an obstruction fine to kill...
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...Republic to Empire? Describe Loyalty of soldier? Julius Caesar Triumvirate Crassus Pompey Ides of March Octavian? Augustus? Pax Romana? Trade system? Basis? Succession to throne? Gladiators? Entertainment? Problems with Empire? Why the Fall-specifics? Diocletian? Constantine? Huns? Germanic invasions? Attila? Byzantine Empire Romulus Augustulus? Virgil? Roman Achievements? The major contribution to Western CIF.? Dates of Republic/Empire/Byzantine Trajan? Arch/Architecture? Infrastructure? Greatest Roman Legacy? Gupta Major accomplishments of each Empire? Mauryan Chandragupta Maurya? Indian geography? Invasions into India? Arthashastra Ashoka Maurya? Kautilya? Buddhism and Hinduism? Brahmin? Collapse? Patriarchal/Matriarchal? Chandra Gupta? White Huns? Tamil? Trade patterns/partners? Guild? Political stability? Dates/TL of each Empire? HAN 1. A family of kings, called a ____________, would rule over China during the classical period. 2. The Great Wall of China was built during the rule of First Emperor ____________. 3. The most famous ruler of the Han dynasty was _____________. 4. Wu Ti set up a ____________ for all those who...
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...M.B.S. (Improvement – Review Committee) First Term Final Examination 1996 Management Course # 411 (Management Thought) Full Marks – 40 Time – 3 hrs. (All questions are of equal value. Answer any four of the following) |1. |a. |Describe the major contribution of the ‘Merchant of Venice’ and ‘Arsenal of Venice’ in management. |5 | | |b. |State the features of Feudal Organization during the Medieval period of Management thought. |3 | | |c. |Who was Kautilya? What was his major contribution? |2 | | | | | | |2. |a. |Who are the propounders of the Mathematical School? Discuss the major ideas. |4 | | |b. |What are the features of Management Process School of management thought? |3 | | |c. |Write the major findings of Howthorne experiment. |3 | | | | | ...
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...The Joint Family system, the caste system, and the agricultural background of ancient Indian society left no room for unemployment. Manu, the law-giver of ancient India, ordained that the king should support all his subjects as earth does for all the living beings, without discrimination. The epic Mahabharata mentions that the king should look after the welfare of the disabled, helpless, orphans, widows, victims of calamities, and pregnant women by meeting their minimum needs. Kautilya, the greatest economist of the medieval period of Indian history, said, "In the happiness of his subjects lies the king's happiness, in their welfare his welfare..." Mahatma Gandhi viewed work more as duty than as right. This is in consonance with Hindu thought in treating duty as an aspect of dharma. Planning and Right to Work The Annual Report of the Ministry of Labor says the overall unemployment rate is more than 2.56%. The rate of educated unemployment is nearly 9.6%. The Five Year Plans adopted by India aim to create jobs. In fact, the Eighth Plan envisages full employment by 2000 A.D., but in the past, the achievements have fallen short of the target. In view of the acute cyclical unemployment prevailing in India, it may not be practicable to guarantee right to work when this would cost a whopping 48% of the annual national budget. As envisaged...
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...The state is defined as a political organism, which unites and co-ordinates social forces according to precise rules. There were two types of states prevailing in ancient India. Kingdom or monarchies enjoyed immense popularity and were the most prevalent form of government in ancient India. They are defined as a state having a form of government in which the supreme power is vested in one individual, who is the head of the state, the king. A republic on the other hand is referred to as state in which the supreme power rests in the people and their representatives or officers, as opposed to one governed by a king or similar ruler; a commonwealth. Although while classifying a system as republic, we must keep in mind that a republic need not always be democratic as was the case in ancient India where power vested not in the whole body of citizens but in a small aristocratic class. Thus Sparta, Athence, Rome, Medieval Venice have all been described as republics though none of them possessed that full democratic character which is now considered the distinguishing feature of a republic. Speculation regarding the origin of kingship occurs in the Vedic literature. Aitareya Brahmana refers to war between the devas(gods) and danavas(demons) in which gods were repeatedly defeated. The gods then realized the reason for their defeat was the absence of a leader to lead them while their counterparts had one, the king. They decided to try this experiment, elected a king in either Indra...
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...MODERN WORLD In the modern city, education is essential for every child. Education is a preparation for students before entering the society. School play the important role in educates and provoke the talent of the young generation to become a successful person in the future. Parents pinned their hopes, ambitions, and dream on their children. With this in mind, many parents try their best to let their children enroll in high qualification school. High qualification school will provide the good learning facilities, good learning atmosphere and environment to students. According to the historical record, the famous Chinese philosopher Mencius moved home three times due to his mother wants Mencius to improve his education. Besides, Kautilya, he is a philosopher, royal adviser, professor of economics and political science in India. He sufficient emphasis on the importance of education. Another key thing to remember that even a poor family also insists that send their children to school to get an education. In this day and age, provides a good education to every child is a contentious issue. Hence, the three discussion of the importance of education in the modern world is to change people’s life , to improve personal development and to innovative and improve technology. The importance of education is to change people’s Life. According to Anonymous (2012), education not only to get a job and also let people to leading a better future and better world. Education provides...
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...Assignment 2 1. The fall of the Indus Valley Civilization is still unclear. Though, we can give an educated guess as to how the civilization fell. They did not have the proper drainage systems, which led to their crops drying out leaving them with very little food. Naturally, this caused many people to flee the city. Later, flooding also pushed out many people. This left very few people in the city who were unable to defend themselves against potential raiders. Once these few people were pushed out of the city it was powerless and left for the history books. 2. The Aryans were a race that was part of the Vedic period. They aren’t very well known, however; through hymns, poems, and the Vedas we can learn a little bit about them. We know that they were known for war and different weapons they used to win in battle. We also know that by 1000 B.C.E they had taken over most of India north of the Vindhya Range. Though it is not for sure we can guess that they were responsible for introducing the caste system to India. 3. Throughout the history of the world one of the greater kings was Ashoka. One of his greatest strengths was that he was able to bring together both the north and the south to create one great empire. A major goal of Ashoka’s was to create a less violent empire. He did this by bringing Buddhism into the empire. Though, he didn’t entirely lean towards non-violence. He still kept laws and his army. He was able to prevent violence while still enforce...
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...Education! Education!! Education!!! This has been a great word in the sight of few individuals. It has been a source of joy, inner peace, an even a source of wealth to other people. To a layman, the word EDUCATION can mean a process of teaching and learning that is formally done in schools or colleges, to improve knowledge an develop skills. It can also mean a way of life of any human being… The word Education has been derived from the Latin term EDUCATUM which means ‘the act of teaching and learning’. It has come from another Latin word EDUCARE which means ‘to bring up’ or ‘to raise’. It has also originated from another Latin word EDUCERE which means ‘to lead forth’ or ‘to come out’. By educating an individual we attempt to give him some desirable knowledge, understanding, skills, interests, attitudes and critical 'thinking. That is, he acquires knowledge of history, geography, arithmetic, languages and sciences. He develops some understanding about the deeper things in life, the complex human relations, and the cause and effect relationship and so on. He gets some skills in writing, speaking, calculating, drawing, operating some equipment etc. He develops some interests in and attitudes towards social work, democratic living, co-operative management and so on. As an individual in the society, he has to think critically about various issues in life and take decisions about them being free from bias and prejudices, superstitions and blind beliefs. Thus, he has to learn all these...
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...diamond, the sweet flavor of honey, the cruelty of the tiger, the warmth of the fire and the turtle dove, the chill of snow and chatter of the jay. He melted all these and formed a woman. Then he made a present of her to man. And she lived unhappily ever after” (Misra, 2007). As a daughter, she is expected to listen to her father; as a wife, she is expected to listen to her husband and as an old mother, she is expected to listen to her son. In this way, in every stage of life she is expected to listen to male members in her family. Traditionally, Indian woman has been the foundation stone of family and society in general. She is the one who nurtures, guards and strengthens it. But the greatest tragedy is the extreme injustice done to women. Kautilya endorsed husband’s right to beat his wife of refractive nature. He allows the husband to beat his wife, either with a bamboo bark or with a rope or with a palm of hand on her hips. A wife on the other hand had only duties. The foremost duty of a wife was to honor and serve her husband. The Ramayana remarks: ‘the husband is the God and master of the wife.’ Manu says that “a wife who violates the duty that she owes to her lord shall be devoured by dogs in a place frequented by many. By violating her duty towards her husband, a wife is disgraced in this world; and after death, she enters the womb of a jackal and is tormented by diseases as a punishment for her sin” (Misra, 2007). The Encyclopedia of Social Sciences defines violence in the...
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...A REPORT ON “ROYALTY Payments in industries” Submitted by: Niraj Kumar Agrawal NF121312 A report submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements of PGP – FM Program of National Institute of Financial Management Sector – 48, Pali Road, Faridabad, Haryana – 121 001 Faculty Guide Dr. A. M. Sherry Acknowledgements I express my deep sense of gratitude to my Faculty guide Dr. A.M.Sherry. He is intellectual person and an expert in his field of taxation. He has got a very rich experience into field of Accounting & Taxation; He has done eminent in the field of taxation. He has been constant source of guidance and inspiration behind the ideas employed in the study. The project could only be completed through the little that I could borrow from the vast sea of his knowledge in this field. I have indeed no formal words to acknowledge the valuable guidance and co-operation extended by him during the project work. I am also thankful to my colleagues for helping me successfully conducting data mining. I extend my gratifications to Mr.Sumit Gupta for his support in collecting the data thru various sites. NIRAJ KUMAR AGRAWAL Roll No: NF121329 Course: PGP - FM Declaration I hereby declare that this project work entitled “Royalty payments by industries“ has been done by me during the academic year 2012-13 under the guidance of my faculty guide Dr. A.M. Sherry ...
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...Pamahalaan - pangkat ng tao na may kapangyariang gumawa at magpatupad ng batas Monarkiya - reyna at hari * Sentralisado - nagiisa ang pinuno * Disentrlisado - may kanang kamay Divine - kanilang sarili na nagtataglay ng lapangyarihan ng diyos Sa bansang tsina - sons of god * Mandate of heaven SINAUNANG PAMAHALAAN SA INDIA Imperyong Maurya * Sinakop ni alexander the Great noong 326 BCE * Chandragupta Maurya - inagaw kay Seleucus 1 * Seleucus I - heneral na minana ang silangang bahagi ng india * Bumuo ng 30,000 hukbong kawal upang mapanatili ang kaniyang kapangyarihan sa India * Pagtatalaga ng buwis * Kautilya - taga payo at guro ni Chandragupta ; Sumulat ng Arthasasthra * Pamahalaang Burukrasya - pinamumunuan ng hari at ibang opisyal * Namatay si Chandragupta, namuno ang Anak at nagtagal ng 32 years * Namatay ang Anak, pumalit si Asoka, apo ni Chandragupta PMUMUNO NI ASOKA AT KAISIPANG DHAMMA * Asoka - Tugatog ng kadakilaan ang imperyong Maurya * Kailangang makidigma * Lugar sa Kalinga 100,00 na hukbo ang namatay gawa ni Asoka * Buddhism - malalim na pilosopiya * Daglian siyang gumawa ng * Dhamma mahamat tas - tao - ipapalaganap ang Dhamma * Dhamma - rules ni Asoka mula sa Dharma * Dharma - aral ni Buddha * Dakilang tagapagpalaganap ng Buddhism * Mabuti dahil pinalaganap ni ang relihiyon ni Buddha * Namatay si Asoka at humina ang Maurya * Sri Gupta - unang...
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...“A Jain College” ADARSH SAMEEKSHA % Ranked 11th Best B-School in India by gyanduniya.com % Ranked 8th Best B-School in South India by ‘Bhaskar Lakshya’ in 2013 % Ranked 23rd Best B-School in India by ‘Silicon India’ in 2013 % Ranked 2nd best in Infrastructure by ‘Silicon India’ in 2013 ADARSH GROUP OF INSTITUTIONS Editorial Board About ADARSH Adarsh Vidya Sangh® started its educational journey with a humble beginning in 1971. Since its formation, it has evolved and grown into a group of Sri Premraj V. Jain Hon. President repute, providing high quality of education amalgamated with world–class infrastructure. Our focus and commitment towards implementing and improving pedagogic practices have created the foundation of our Values. Adarsh Group Of Institutions ,a Jain Institution, has Sri Jitendra Mardia Hon. Secretary been one of the top B-Schools in south India, providing excellent academic delivery and infrastructure to its students. At Adarsh, we offer innovative and globally accepted programs and great opportunities for all-round development. A unique attribute of this program is 100% case based learning. Adarsh transforms its students into leaders of the future. Dr. Anitha Ramachander Director Adarsh prepares graduates who have a strong desire to learn and grow continually, welcomes new ideas, value diversity with desire to succeed and give one’s best towards excellence in all spheres of life. Its curriculum includes perspective building, skills...
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