...climate, as well as its potential. This year, the country’s macroeconomic, social and political stability have taken over as the key driver of investment. This represents a shift from our previous two surveys, which showed that the country’s low labor costs and productivity gains on offer were its most appealing features. This change can be attributed in part to the ongoing instability of the global economy. It is this uncertainty that has led investors to look to countries such as Kazakhstan as a safer place to grow. The reality of foreign investment in Kazakhstan confirms this perception. While global FDI inflows declined by 18% between 2011 and 2012, Kazakhstan remained a stable destination for investors, receiving US$14b in FDI inflows. Investors continue to perceive Kazakhstan as a treasure trove of natural resources, while they also value some knowledge-based, high-value-add sectors that hold considerable promise. The Kazakhstan Government remains committed to reducing the country's dependence on extractive industries and developing a more balanced, knowledge-driven and investor-friendly economy. It continues to improve the competitiveness and productivity of priority sectors, such as agriculture and agro-processing; construction and construction materials; oil refining and support services; metallurgy; chemicals and pharmaceuticals; transportation; automotive; telecommunication; biotechnology; and alternative energy. However, our survey findings reveal a wide perception gap between...
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...The economy of Kazakhstan is the largest economy in Central Asia. Kazakhstan is a growing economic power with a strong resource base. It is important to world energy markets because it has significant oil and natural gas reserves. The country has 3% percent of the world’s raw materials and a natural resource base of over $300,000 per capita, which is among the highest in the world. Oil plays a big role in Kazakhstan. With nearly 40 billion barrels in reserves and 2% of global production, the country has the world’s ninth largest proven reserves and is among the 20 largest oil producers. It has 4% of the global iron reserves, 8% percent of the world’s zinc reserves and 4% of the world’s chrome reserves. Kazakhstan's strategic aspiration is to become a modern, diversified economy with a high value added and high-tech component, well integrated in to the global economy. Energy sector is viewed as a good basis to achieve this goal! Oil and gas is the leading economic sector. Oil and gas area occupy the territory about 1,7 million sq. km (approximately 62 % of territory of Kazakhstan). There are 172 oil fields and 7 main gas fields. In Kazakhstan the proved reserves is near 2,8 billion tons of oil and 1,8 bln. cubic meters of gas. Kazakhstan is estimated to have around 30 billion barrels of crude oil reserves, which place it eleventh in the world. Example: in 2006, Kazakhstan produced 54 million tons of crude oil and 10.5 million tons of gas condensate, which makes Kazakhstan...
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...presentation and type-written assignment Student: Aliaskar Batyrbek Student ID: NE/WICKL/UWIC/BABS/1011/0117 Assignment Topic: An investigation study of development of oil and gas industry in Kazakhstan Table of Contents 2 Introduction 4 2.1 Country Profile 4 2.2 History of industry 4 3 Research Objectives 5 4 Literature Review 6 4.1 Geographic Factor 6 4.1.1 Major Oilfields 8 4.1.2 Export Operating Pipelines 9 4.2 Government Policies 11 4.3 Financial Factor and R&D Factor 12 4.4 Market Prospects 14 4.4.1 Market players 14 4.4.2 Production 15 4.4.3 Consumption 16 5 Research Methodology 18 6 Time Scale / Gantt Chart 19 7 References 20 Figure 1 4 Figure 2 (KMG, 2012) 5 Figure 3 (BP, 2012) 5 Figure 4 (European Dialogue, 2012) 6 Figure 5 (BP, 2012) 6 Figure 6 (CIA, 2012) 8 Figure 7 (Centre for Global Energy Studies, 2012) 9 Figure 8 (Centre for Global Energy Studies, 2012) 9 Figure 9 (The Agency of Statistics of the Republic of Kazakhstan, 2012) 10 Figure 10 (S. Arkhipov., W. Brennan., G. Elfond., N. Lv., A. Omarova., 2010) 12 Figure 11 (BP, 2012) 14 Figure 12 (BP, 2012) 14 Figure 13 (BP, 2012) 15 Figure 14 (BP, 2012) 15 Figure 15 (EIA, 2012) 15 Figure 16 17 Figure 17 18 Introduction Country Profile Kazakhstan is a country, located in Central Asia. It is the largest landlocked...
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......................................................................................(vi) CHAPTER I. INVESTMENT AND THEIR PLACE IN ECONOMIC SYSTEM §1 §2 Definition of investments and their classification ................................................4 Foreign direct investments as the catalyst of economic growth (on an example of the various countries) ..............................................................7 §3 The international investment activity and her institutes .....................................16 CHAPTER II. INVESTMENT CLIMATE IN KAZAKHSTAN §1 §2 §3 §4 Appeal of economy of Kazakhstan to foreign investors .....................................22 Fixed capital investment in Kazakhstan by region .............................................25 Investment rating of Kazakhstan .........................................................................31 Investments in the Kazakh Economy in 2001 (an example) ...............................34 CHAPTER III. ROLE OF THE STATE IN INVESTMENT ACTIVITY §1 §2 §3 §4 The state investment policy...
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...WTO ACCESSION CHALLENGES: CUSTOMS UNION OF RUSSIA, BELARUS AND KAZAKHSTAN AS THE STEP TOWARDS THIS “DREAM” EXECUTIVE SUMMARY WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION We live in the twentieth century – a time of dynamic changes in the Global Economy, associated with globalization. In International Trade Arena, the vast majority of the countries choose the free trade policy, which develops step by step: from Free Trade Area, a Custom Union into Common Market and Monetary and Economic Union. Politicians and scientists believe that in 20-30 years Trade World will be subdivided into 2-3 intercontinental preferential zones with its own rules and free trade between the parties, but with external custom barriers in relation to other blocks or still will open the ways for mixing of regionalism and multilateralism based on common objectives and principles. Obviously, the development of the World economy and trade will lead to the formation of a single Global Free Market with the agreed rules and disciplines, which will be applicable to all countries. The dominant position is such a direction takes the World Trade Organization (WTO). It was established on December 8, 1994 and began operating on 1 January, 1995 and is known to be a successor of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT). Here, a distinctive feature and the goal of WTO is the creation of international trade rules and disciplinary measures to ensure the conditions of a free international trade, based on mutually beneficial conditions...
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...one of the richest economies in Asia. It is also the second largest of the former Soviet Republics after Russia. The economy has enormous fossil fuel reserves and plentiful supplies of minerals (Francis, 2011). There are different metals available in the economy including uranium, zinc, and copper. Some like uranium are exported to almost all parts of the globe. The economy was ranked 11th out 42 countries in the Asia-pacific region. The overall score of the economy is also above world and regional averages. The GDP of the economy grew from 78,014,200 in 1995 to 147,453,000 in 2005 (Aitzhanova, et al. 2014). The dollar exchange rate has been well managed through a sound monetary policy that has been adopted. The country has been faced with inflation challenges. In 2001, the inflation rate was very high because of strong foreign-currency inflows (Ibrayev, Badjanov & Li, 2014). However, the economy survived the pressure, and surprisingly it is one of the first former soviet republic that has repaid all debts to the international monetary fund in 2000 (Datkhayev, 2013). The country paid $400 million ahead of the schedule. From then, the economy has been able to limit its foreign debt within manageable levels. [pic] Figure 1: Kazakhstan GDP in billion USD retrieved from < http://www.invest.gov.kz/?option=content§ion=4 > From the graph above, it is evident that in the recent years, the GDP of the economy has been growing significantly. The economy grew upwardly from...
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...regulated. The main document regulating the relations between the two states is the Treaty on Eternal Friendship between the Republic of Uzbekistan and the Republic of Kazakhstan dated 31 October 1998.Juridical base of cooperation between the two countries is composed by 116 interstate, intergovernmental and interdepartmental documents, which cover almost all spheres of life. Only in trade and economic cooperation 68 documents are signed, including agreements of free trade, promotion and reciprocal protection of investments, avoidance of double taxation, etc. Economics Despite a significant decline in the share of agriculture in GDP - from 37% in 1991 to about 18% in 2009, this sector continues to play an important role in the country’s economy, providing employment for one third of its population. Cotton, which production was a powerful development during the Soviet period was only 19% of the total agricultural production in local prices of raw cotton (or about 3.5% of GDP) in 2008-09 the volume...
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...people have inhabited Kazakhstan, but until recently the country has been strategically building its economy. The country is rich in oil and has been improving its drilling production after gaining independence in 1991. Oil production is estimated to reach about 2 million barrels per day by 2020. An estimated 4 billion tons of crude oil is recoverable and Kazakhstan also contains an estimated 15% of the worlds’ supply of Uranium and is currently the largest producer of the commodity. These two factors play a significant part in the country’s overall GDP and are its largest exports. By 2015, Kazakhstan is expected to be the tenth largest supplier of oil in the world. The country’s GDP is valued at 186.4 billion with a 7.5% growth rate, oil counting for 24% of the GDP and 65% of overall exports. Kazakhstan received a rating of 68 in the world for economic freedom following Portugal at 67. The economic freedom index ranks countries based on 10 different categories involving economic freedom: Property Rights, Freedom From Corruption, Business Freedom, Labor Freedom, Monetary Freedom, Government Spending, Fiscal Freedom, Trade Freedom, Investment Freedom, and Financial Freedom. Since last year they have experienced decreases in half of these categories, which is why their rating is slightly lower than last year. Because oil prices are continually rising, Kazakhstan’s economy has recovered quickly from the recession in 2008. The most recent calculation of Foreign Direct...
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...In the face of solid growth, the Kazakh authorities have been successful in containing inflation. Kazakhstan’s economic recovery from the global crisis was rapid, with output growth of around 7½ percent in 2010–11. Real GDP growth slowed in 2012–13, mostly reflecting declines in oil and agricultural output, but was still solid at around 5–6 percent. At the same time, core inflation (excluding food, energy, and administered prices) averaged around 6 percent since 2010 or roughly half the rate of core inflation in the preceding three years. The February 2014 devaluation of the tenge reflected the central bank’s concern about loss of competitiveness, amid depreciation of the Russian ruble. Temporary inflationary pressures are likely to emerge from the devaluation, although the authorities are determined to keep inflation within the objective range of 6–8 percent. The National Bank of Kazakhstan (NBK) has taken measures to strengthen the regulation of liquidity in the banking system. The NBK has been conducting periodic auctions for the issuance of short-term notes. In parallel, the NBK in 2012 introduced important changes to its minimum reserve requirements (MRR). For example, in order to assess more accurately the size of tenge liquidity, the NBK excluded banks’ cash on hand and correspondent accounts in foreign currency from the structure of reserve assets. In addition, over the past two years, the NBK periodically provided short-term liquidity to banks through automatic repo...
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...9 Kazakhstan Kazakhstan Energy report (Forecast closing date: August 6th 2009) Energy consumption, international comparison (m tonnes oil equivalent) Kazakhstan US Japan China Germany Source: Economist Intelligence Unit. 2004 a 60 2,354 530 1,418 346 2005 a 68 2,362 527 1,567 343 2006 a 70 2,362 b 527 b 1,718 344 2007 b 74 2,370 522 1,853 347 2008 b 78 2,338 510 1,977 347 2009 c 76 2,284 490 2,003 339 2010 c 76 2,274 492 2,094 338 2011 c 77 2,272 496 2,207 338 2012 c 77 2,275 499 2,330 341 2013 c 78 2,301 503 2,457 345 a Actual. b Economist Intelligence Unit estimates. c Economist Intelligence Unit forecasts. Overview Kazakhstan"s oil sector accounts for around 30% of GDP and more than half of the country"s export revenue. With proven reserves of 39.8bn barrels in 2008, according to BP (a UK oil conglomerate), the largest proven oil reserves base of the Caspian Sea region, it accounts for 3.2% of the world"s total oil reserves, and has a reserves-to-production ratio of 70 years. Gas output (at around 30bn cu metres annually) and consumption is currently roughly balanced, although exports are set to rise as output at the main Karachaganak field picks up. Owing to the Soviet-era structure of Kazakhstan"s gas and electricity distribution networks, which are concentrated in the northern and western regions, closest to the main sources, Kazakhstan is forced to import both resources for the southern regions. The government has become...
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...gas fields with large reserves of hydrocarbons. Potential hydrocarbon of the Republic of Kazakhstan is estimated sufficiently significant in the total world reserves. Kazakhstan holds big hydrocarbon reserves, including potentially the second largest oil reserves in the world (US Energy Information Administration). According to official data from the Ministry of Oil and Gas of Republic of Kazakhstan, confirmed hydrocarbon reserves, both onshore and offshore, are estimated to be 4.8 billion tons or more than 35 billion barrels for 2012. Kazakhstan possesses unique geographical features that lead the country’s oil and gas cluster to be spread throughout the entire country, instead of one specific geographical area. Around 70% of Kazakhstan’s oil and gas reserves, both onshore and offshore, are concentrated in Western Kazakhstan around the city of Atyrau. Some oil reserves are also located in Southern Kazakhstan but the prospects for new discoveries there are not very promising (US-Kazakhstan Business Association). The majority of hydrocarbon reserves are located in the oil- and gas-rich regions of Kashagan, Tengiz and Karachaganak. The discovery of the Kashagan Field in 2000 is considered to be the largest oil field discovery in the last 30 years. The Kashagan Field, located 80 kilometres south-east of the city of Atyrau in the northern part of the Caspian Sea region, is operated by Agip KCO. The field is estimated to hold a maximum of 35 billion barrels of oil, of...
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...References………………………………………………………………………………28 Introduction The Company of Activ which is now known under the trade mark of Kcell in Kazakhstan is one of the three licensed GSM mobile network operators in Kazakhstan. Beeline and Tele2 are the other license holders. It is operated by GSM Kazakhstan Ltd under Kcell, Activ and Vegaline trademarks. The company was established in 1998 and since February 1999 it began rendering services of cellular communication. Activ brand was launched in September the same year. Today the Company's subscriber data base exceeds 11.6 million. From the very beginning of its operation Activ has been playing the role of the trend setter giving tone, trends and tendency to development of the Kazakhstani cellular market. Through the dynamic actions of the Company in the Kazakhstani mobile market the Company was first to launch GPRS/EDGE technologies and millions of Kazakhstani people got possibility to enjoy such services...
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...Course: Academic writing Semester: Fall 2014 Academic Paper EU EXPANSION: Accession of Turkey and its potential impact on the atmosphere within the EU Rauf Asadullayev Instructor: Christopher Weilage Munich, Germany, 2014 Table of contents 1.Introduction………………………………………….…………………………3 2. The Association agreement…………………………………………….……..4 3. The Ankara Agreement………………….…………………………………...6 4. Customs Union………………………………………………………………..7 5. Turkish government and the accession of Cyprus in the EU………………8 5.1 Turkey’s short term economic effect on the EU…………………………..9 5.2 Turkey’s territorial advantages for the EU……………………………….10 5.3 Religion and culture in Turkey…………………………………………….11 5.4 Food in Turkey and its safety- Security and the EU……...………………12 6. Impact of EU’s democratic standards to Turkey…………………………..13 7. Conclusion…………………………………………………………………….16 Index of Abbreviations BTC- Baku Tbilisi Ceyhan EEC- European Economic Community EU-European Union EC- European Council EP- European Parliament FAO- Food and agriculture organization SEES-Southeastern European states Introduction Europe - the cradle of human civilization, boiling pot full of many various nationalities, cultures and languages. Geographical borders within and outside of the Europe have changed every time when a new Empires began to flourish. Even now, in the 21st century borders of EU are not defined clearly. Should the Borders be...
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...STUDENT´S FIRST NAME AND SURNAME: Ilzat Mamut STUDENT´S ID NUMBER: 20141736 MIDTERM DATE: 05.04.2016 INSTRUCTIONS: Sergey Sayapin ▪ The midterm assignment consists of a case study with six open-ended questions. ▪ The maximum score for each open-ended question is 5 (five) points. ▪ The maximum score for this midterm assignment is 30 (thirty) points. ▪ Your answers to open-ended questions must be limited to 1 (one) typewritten page each. ▪ The deadline for submitting this midterm assignment (by e-mail: s.sayapin@kimep.kz) is Tuesday, 5 April 2016. Good luck! ( Case study: Wellsidia was admitted to the United Nations on 2 March 2016, and is now considering applying for membership in the World Trade Organisation (WTO). It has established diplomatic relations, inter alia, with the Republic of Kazakhstan. Meanwhile, Zedia is unhappy about seemingly progressive developments in Wellsidia, and wishes to place Wellsidia under its control. In particular, Zedia repeatedly alleges in various international fora that Wellsidia is oppressing ethnic Zedians, inter alia, as far as their freedom of conscience, housing and labour rights are concerned. Several cases of Zedians having been fired from work and expelled from their houses have been reported, and a Zedian temple was attacked by unknown people in late February 2016. Wellsidia consistently responds that ethnic Zedians resident in its territory are now nationals of Wellsidia, and the State...
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...“In our industry today only a strong company with a global reach can ensure long-term employment and provide acceptable returns for shareholders.” – Lakshmi Narayan Mittal Table of Contents 1. How has Mittal managed to expand from a marginal position to become the largest steel producer in the world? 1 2. Compare Mittal’s economics per ton of crude steel with its competitors. 2 3. What threats does Mittal face? 3 4. To what extent is profitability driven by global scale? What else is relevant? 5 5. Is vertical integration a value driver for Mittal? Why? 6 6. How would a merger of Arcelor with Mittal add value? 8 Appendix I 10 1. How has Mittal managed to expand from a marginal position to become the largest steel producer in the world? Mittal Steel advanced from being a marginal company to become one of the largest steel producers in the world through its early investment in new steel making technology and strategic mergers and acquisitions. In the 1970s, 45% of the steel market was comprised of mini-mills which used scrap metal in production (p 3). Scrap metal was inexpensive but lower quality compared to other forms of production which made it difficult for mini-mills to cater to the demands of the most high-end but demanding customer in the steel industry, the automotive industry (p 3). Direct Reduced Iron (DRI) produces a substitute at minimal cost but without the quality issues associated with scrap (p 3). Lakshmi Narayan Mittal (लक्ष्मी...
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