...Explore the ways in which Shakespeare presents Edmund’s manipulation of Gloucester in this passage. In your answer you must consider how the playwright uses literary, linguistic and rhetorical devices and conventions to create specific dramatic effects. (48 marks) Edmund first appears in the play, in Act 1 scene 2 where he delivers his soliloquy. This soliloquy conveys a dramatic irony to the audience and allows them to see Edmund’s true nature and his plans to manipulate Gloucester. “Lag of a brother? Why bastard?”. Edmund’s use of interrogatives conveys to the audience the reasons behind his plot against his brother and expresses and understanding of why Edmund chooses to manipulate Gloucester. Now that Edmund’s true nature has been revealed to the audience through his soliloquy, we as an audience become aware that his polite terms of address “your lordship” is used solely to manipulate Gloucester and gain his trust. “I hope for my brother’s justification, he wrote this but as an essay of my virtue”. This phrase is used by Edmund to manipulate his father into thinking that his own intentions are pure. He also wishes to manipulate his father into thinking that he has faith in his brother Edgar and that he believes he is innocent, creating a false sense of security within the scene. Edmund appears to have respect for his father in the scene with his polite term of address and his polite apology: “I beseech you, Sir, pardon me”. This is however a false respect, as Edmund’s...
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...the least, thanks to almighty for giving me strength to do this project. TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. INTRODUCTION…………………………………………… PAGE 4-5 2. TEST OF CONSPIRACY……………………………………PAGE 5-6 3. RELEVANCY OF CONSPIRACY…………………………..PAGE 6-7 4. PRINCIPLE OF CONPIRACY…………………………… PAGE 7-9 5. EXISTENCE OF CONSPIRACY……………………………..PAGE 9-10 6. ADMISSIONS OF EVIDENCE OUTSIDE PERIOD OF CONSPIRACY... PAGE 11-12 7. INDIAN LAW WIDER THAN ENGLISH LAW………………… PAGE 12-14 8. RELATION WITH IPC……………………………………….PAGE 14-15 9. ACTS DONE BEFORE CONSPIRACY………………………..PAGE 15 10. CONSPIRACY HOW ESTABLISHED…………………………..PAGE 15 11. 185TH LAW COMMISSION REPORT AND SUGGESTIONS……..PAGE 15-19 12. CONCLUSION……………………………………………………………..PAGE 19-20 13. BIBLIOGRAPHY……………………………………………………….PAGE 21 INTRODUCTION S.10 of Evidence Act: Things said or done by conspirator in reference to common intention:- “Where there is reasonable ground to believe that two or more person have conspired together to commit an offence or an actionable wrong, anything said, done, or written by any one of such person in reference to their common intention, after the time when such intention was first entertained by any one of them, is a relevant fact as against each of the person believed to be so conspiring, as well for the purpose of proving the existence of the conspiracy as for the purpose of showing that any such person was a party to it.” This section talks about the things said, done or written by the conspirator...
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...A tragic hero is a person of noble birth and high status with heroic or potentially heroic qualities. Though fated the hero makes choices which bring about his destruction. In order for us to eventually feel sorry for this hero, he is initially introduced as one with the same moral standards as us so that when his downfall occurs we would feel pity. In shakesperean tragedies the hero climbs a ladder of power but in the end falls from his position and dies due to some irreversible mistake known as a tragic error. He has the potential to be good or bad and can win either side by his own actions and intentions. His tragic error leads to his downfall but he redeems himself by the end of the play. Brutus is the tragic hero of this play. Brutus’ tragic flaw was being naive which led him to his death. All that he trusted deceived him at one time or another during the play. He allows others, like Cassius and Antony to manipulate him. His first mistake was in Act 2, Scene 1 when the fake letters are sent to him from the conspirators. This was all a lie to get Brutus to join in on the conspirator for Cassius knew he could not do it without Brutus’ support as he is of high status, a feature of the tragic hero. Brutus believes these letters are from the people of Rome and therefore agrees to the death of Caesar. Another example of his naiveness is in Act 3, Scene 2 where Brutus decides to allow Antony to speak to show honor to Caesar. This is his tragic error. Antony sways the crowd into...
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...[Company name] | Essay 2 | The Trial of William Kidd | Jessica Sweazea 11-11-2015 | A scandalous conspiracy created by England for increased continuous revenue or a fair trial sending a guilty man to the gallows? Death as a victory of law or a demise of democracy at sea? The trial of William Kidd is an important and controversial topic of discussion for historians and students studying piracy. Whether or not William Kidd’s trial was manufactured to tarnish Kidd’s name and make an example of him is an important part of piratical history. The story of Kidd’s trial illustrates how the world of western piracy came to an end and how government handled piratical activities. Rediker describes pirates as uncivilized beings, drunks, thieves, madmen, and even almost unhuman like. In chapter eight, he wrote “the pirates were full of madness and rage” yet later in the passage Rediker later contradicts himself and also continued to state how humorous and knowledgeable the pirates were. These pirates were seen as outlaws, interrupting intercolonial trade, and a threat against principles of property, individuals, society, and nations. Many mariners were accused of piracy which is a crime against property by theft or destruction, causing Great Britain to take action. In 1699, Great Britain created the English Acts of Piracy. This began the trials for pirates throughout the English dominium. After, came the Proclamation for Suppressing Piracy in 1717 followed by another proclamation...
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...attempt. The three main offenses in this category are solicitation, conspiracy and attempt. A simple example would be a spouse seeking to hire an assassin to murder their husband or wife. The murder need not take place for an offense to have been committed. The preliminary offense is the solicitation and hiring of the assassin and the person who hired that assassin could be charged criminally even if the murder was not carried out. solicitation is requesting, encouraging or demanding someone to engage in criminal conduct, with the intent to facilitate or contribute to the commission of that crime. Most commonly, solicitation refers to solicitation of prostitution the crime of soliciting someone to engage in prostitution.Though state laws vary, to be guilty of solicitation, one must: request that someone else engage in criminal conduct; and have the intention to engage in criminal conduct with that person. A criminal conspiracy exists when two or more people agree to commit almost any unlawful act, then take some action toward its competition. Then the action taken need not itself be a crime but it must indicate those involved in the conspiracy knew the plan and intended on breaking the law. For example, Andy, Dan, and Alice plan a bank robbery. They 1) visit the bank first to assess security, 2) pool their money and buy a gun together, and 3) write a demand letter. All three can be charged with conspiracy to commit robbery, regardless of whether the robbery itself is actually...
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...Starting his life as a privateer, having the transition into becoming a profoundly known pirate, his execution, and the search for his treasure made Captain William Kidd world famous pirate. Although his childhood was unorganized he became what many people dream of becoming, famous. His journey of working against the pirates to working alongside with the pirates, Captain Kidd’s life is one worthy of knowing. Born the son of a Presbyterian Minister in Dundee around the time period 1654 Captain William Kidd began his life. Although there are not many records on Kidd’s childhood and his origin, many people find it mysterious about how a minister’s son became a privateer and later on a pirate. Many cannot confirm the age or location of Kidd,...
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...Case Review Worksheet CJ/354 Week Two Worksheet Part I: Case Review Review the cases below by going to the “Detailed Contents” section of the Contemporary Criminal Law textbook. After reviewing the case, select the defense that was represented in the case from the following list: necessity | self-defense | defense of others | defense of home and property | resisting unlawful arrest | consent | duress | intoxication | mistake | age or infancy defense | entrapment | syndrome-based defenses | insanity defense | | | 1. Case 1: State v. Dejarlais State v. Dejarlais section in Ch. 8 of Contemporary Criminal Law Defense used: Consent 2. Case 2: Lopez v. State Lopez v. State section in Ch. 9 of Contemporary Criminal Law Defense used: Insanity Defense 3. Case 3: People v. Ceballos People v. Ceballos section in Ch. 8 of Contemporary Criminal Law Defense used: Defense of Home and Property, Necessity 4. Case 3: Brazil v. State Brazill v. State section in Ch. 9 of Contemporary Criminal Law Defense used: Age or Infancy Defense Part II: Short Answer Answer, in a minimum of 50 words, each of the following questions: 1. What is the adversarial system? The adversarial system, also known as adversary system. Many also refer to it as the legal system. They develop and present any arguments, gather, and submit any evidence they may have, as well as questioning any witnesses. Both parties are represented by attorneys...
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...The ideology of conspiracy theory particularly peak oil is intellectually binding and fatalistic. It requires belief in a natural truth where in reality there is no such thing as an absolute truth. Yet, the documentary Crude Awakenings posits its premise and framework under the assumption that existence is co-opted by masters and overseers that desire to manipulate and exploit the masses. However, there is no inkling of critical thought or analysis on the basis of what peak oil is and how it actually impacts the world. The rhetoric utilized throughout the film is conjecture that is assumed as fact without any given depth to arguments presented by the “experts.” As such, the movie starts out with two contradictory quotes. One states that oil...
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...The contrail conspiracy is widely known to many people living on U.S. grounds, and is also known as the “chemtrail” theory. Many strive to prove that this theory does indeed exist, but there just isn't much plausible evidence to prove it true. Contrails, better known as chemtrails, are supposedly plane exhaust, but according to research and documents, many are saying government is actually spraying chemicals in the air for a multitude of reasons. The news of chemtrails first appeared in the 1990s when journalist William Thomas started to speculate of what he saw as “abnormal” contrails. Although much proof and suggestions lead to government spraying chemicals into our airs, much thoughts, ideas, and scientific research leads to the fact that...
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...While conspiracy theories have existed since the beginning of media in one form or another, they have been especially prevalent in the last few decades. Ever since the invention of the internet, the spread of self published ideas has been easier than ever, resulting in the growing number of skeptics. Conspiracy theories have been widely accepted more than ever since the previous presidential election, as mainstream media outlets picked up several theories regarding the two main candidates. So to understand this broadening phenomena, one must know the kind of people who believe conspiracy theories, why they are inclined to believe them, and what effects they are having on the world. Identifying the people who tend to believe conspiracy theories...
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...home for a visit. While Emma is getting into the car before heading home she starts to vomit. While they are at home and Craven is preparing them dinner, Emma’s nose starts to bleed, she vomits again, and becomes worried. Emma starts telling her father that she needs to go see a doctor right away, and she needs to tell Craven something. On their way out the front door to go to the hospital, a gunman, fires and hits Emma and she passes away in her father’s arms. Craven first appear to have been the target, however, the more he learns and uncovers it starts to lead him to rethink that. He learns that his daughter led a life that not too many people knew about that lead to her murder. He also uncovers a corporate cover-up and government conspiracy, that Emma became aware of that Northmoor was manufacturing nuclear weapons. After Craven started uncovering more and more evidence and revealing that they know almost everything that happened, the head of Northmoor orders Craven to be poisoned just as his daughter Emma was. Craven is now very ill and goes to Bennett’s house, who is the head of Northmoor, he kills one of the people at Bennett’s house who Craven comes to realize he is the man that shot his daughter. Bennett tries to kill Craven by shooting him, which ends up wounding him, Craven is able to get a hold of Bennett and forces Bennett to drink the positioned milk. Bennett tries to go get the pills to counteract the poison, however, Craven is able to shoot and kill Bennett...
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...Conspiracy Theories: Secrecy and power in American culture is a book that analyzes conspiracy theories and how they affect life in America. This book was written by Mark Fenster who is a professor at the University of Florida Law School. He graduated from several schools with several different degrees. These are a J.D. from Yale Law School, a Ph. D. from the University of illinois at Urbana-Champaign, the institute of Communications Research, M.A., University of Texas at Austin, Department of Radio/television, film, and a B.A. from the University of Virginia. This book was the first book Fenster ever wrote, but is said to have helped establish the cultural study of conspiracy theory. This book has also been quoted by many scholars. This book analyzes different conspiracy theories in our society. Some examples that the book features are the very popular 9/11 conspiracy theories and even stories of different christian conspiracy theories. Fenster explains many different type of conspiracy theories that come about from people. Some can be a little crazy such as the one that planes never actually hit the twin towers and that they...
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...After reading Fish’s essay, I arrived at the conclusion that a conspiracy theorist is an individual who seeks out the truth behind an event. A conspiracy theorist may also be an individual who researches alternative explanations for situations that may not be widely accepted. I think anyone can fit into this category because anyone can do thorough research to uncover the truth behind a certain event and draw conclusions about who or what caused that event. There can be a range of definitions for the term, “conspiracy theorist.” Most of these definitions include some sort of covert or secret planning by either an organization or the government of a country. The term has more negative connotations than positive connotations because most people...
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...Introduction Here To truly understand conspiracy theories, we need to first know what they are. The dictionary defines conspiracies as a secret plan, usually enacted by a group of officials, to do something unlawful or harmful. Conspiracy theories link seemingly unrelated evidence together to form a theory for events different from the official account, if there is one. The key point to understand is that conspiracy theories can be real. It’s not all skinny crazy white dudes living in their parent’s basements with walls plastered with photographs and red lines. (although it still could be). So real or unreal, conspiracy theories try to explain a set of events that don’t seem to otherwise add up. Speaking of crazy white dude, who believes...
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...What are conspiracy theories? - Explanations – power relations A conspiracy theory is an explanatory proposition that accuses two or more persons, a group, or an organization of having caused through secret planning and deliberate action, an illegal event or situation. People formulate conspiracy theories to explain, for example, power relations in social groups and the perceived existence of evil forces. - Oxford English Dictionary: The American Historical Review - 1909 According to the Oxford English Dictionary, the first use of the phrase "conspiracy theory" occurred in a 1909 article in The American Historical Review Why do people believe in conspiracy theories? - A sense of control There are number of factors, but probably one of the most important ones in this instance is that, paradoxically, it gives people a sense of control. People hate randomness, they dread the sort of random occurrences that can destroy their lives, so as a mechanism against that dread, it turns out that it’s much easier to believe in a conspiracy. Then you have someone to blame, it’s not just randomness. - Psychological forces (VS evidence-based thinking) Psychological forces like motivated reasoning have long been associated with conspiracy thinking, but scientists are learning more every year. On the other side there is the evidence-based thinking which most of the people who do not believe in these theories have. o Motivated reasoning Motivated reasoning is an emotion-biased...
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