...INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL ECONOMICS UNIVERSITY OF AMSTERDAM Koito Manufacturing, Ltd. Jasper Dijkstra Jack Driessen Mark Jager Xin Wang Maarten Dalm 5876362 0516511 10192921 10216081 Question 1 Many economists argue that the keiretsu system has been a formidable impediment to the entry of Western companies into the Japanese market. However, the absence of liberal market competition may preclude Japanese firms from implementing more cost-effective sourcing strategies at the global standard. Furthermore, it is often argued that the keiretsu system has been partly responsible for the decade-long recession: while there was need for quick changes, the negative features of the keiretsu form of governance maintained the economic slump. The interdependence of suppliers, unproductive cost management and top-down decision making based upon continuity and consensus all contributed to the decade-long recession. We will now discuss the corporate governance issues that may arise, seen from different perspectives. a) From the perspective of financiers. Financiers are always looking for the best investment possibilities. The keiretsu system can make it difficult for (individual) financiers to invest in the best possible option. This is because of the fact that a keiretsu will not allow foreign or alien companies into their system. On the other hand, when the leading company of the keiretsu needs money, financiers can more or less be obliged to invest: the money is invested in a...
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...Koito Case Study Submitted by Weichao on March 12, 2011 Category: Business and Economics Words: 7841 | Pages: 32 Views: 160 Report this Essay 1. The Japanese corporate governance system differs vastly from the US system. Discuss corporate governance issues that may arise under the Japanese keiretsu system from the perspective of a) financiers b) owners c) suppliers and d) employees. A Japanese keiretsu is effectively a system of cooperation among various stakeholders. From the Japanese point of view, corporate governance includes maximization of long-term corporate value for shareholders and accountability to all the stakeholders, particularly shareholders (Corporate Governance Committee of Japan 1997). This model appears more attractive than the Anglo-Saxon corporate governance model since it takes social benefits into account. However, it must be noticed that the workability of this model relies on a flawless functioning of the market economy, which is not always the case in Japan (ibid). The later paragraphs will discuss in detail the corporate governance issues related to the Japanese keiretsu system in relation with financiers, owners, suppliers and employees. a) Financiers As shown in Exhibit 8 – Ownership Structure of Major Japanese Automotive Assemblers (1989), banks in Japan usually hold a substantial portion of equity in borrowing companies. The Japanese model is often perceived as efficient since it encourages information flow between firms and their lending...
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...The Nandi People Cultural Anthropology Joseph D. Middleton July 22, 2011 The culture of the Nandi people Gender In the Nandi community, girls help in taking care of the children, doing domestic work, weeding in the fields, fetching firewood and water. Boys herd the cattle, help with plowing the fields. They also help in sorting out other miscellaneous tasks and errands. Boys may care for children and girls may also herd the cattle. This always happens if there is no child of the ideal sex in the family. All family members play a part when it comes to the process of production. During planting, the clear the land and do the initial breaking. A woman can help a man who is plowing land especially when she would like to use for growing vegetables. Everyone does the planting. Agricultural activities are common with women compared to men. Herding of the cattle is normally done by children. Women also herd cattle but men rarely do it. The milking of the cattle is a role left to women and children. When it comes to employment, it is normally the men who try seek either full-time or part-time employment. Unemployed men normally engage in entrepreneurial activities such as; charcoal burning, working in lands of large farmers, cattle trading and even collecting sand from river banks for sale to the people who make concrete. A few Nandi’s have artisan skills such as tailoring and bicycle repairers. These men are in the shopping centre...
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...The Nandi People Cultural Anthropology Joseph D. Middleton July 22, 2011 The culture of the Nandi people Gender In the Nandi community, girls help in taking care of the children, doing domestic work, weeding in the fields, fetching firewood and water. Boys herd the cattle, help with plowing the fields. They also help in sorting out other miscellaneous tasks and errands. Boys may care for children and girls may also herd the cattle. This always happens if there is no child of the ideal sex in the family. All family members play a part when it comes to the process of production. During planting, the clear the land and do the initial breaking. A woman can help a man who is plowing land especially when she would like to use for growing vegetables. Everyone does the planting. Agricultural activities are common with women compared to men. Herding of the cattle is normally done by children. Women also herd cattle but men rarely do it. The milking of the cattle is a role left to women and children. When it comes to employment, it is normally the men who try seek either full-time or part-time employment. Unemployed men normally engage in entrepreneurial activities such as; charcoal burning, working in lands of large farmers, cattle trading and even collecting sand from river banks for sale to the people who make concrete. A few Nandi’s have artisan skills such as tailoring and bicycle repairers. These men are in the shopping centre...
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...Decision Sciences Volume 38 Number 1 February 2007 Journal compilation C C 2007, The Author 2007, Decision Sciences Institute Decision Sciences Research in China: Current Status, Opportunities, and Propositions for Research in Supply Chain Management, Logistics, and Quality Management∗ Xiande Zhao Department of Decision Sciences and Managerial Economics, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shantin, NT Hong Kong, e-mail: Xiande@baf.msmail.cuhk.edu.hk Barbara B. Flynn† Kelley School of Business, Indiana University, 801 W. Michigan St., BS 4010, Indianapolis, IN 46033, e-mail: bbflynn@iupui.edu Aleda V. Roth Department of Management, College of Business and Behavioral Sciences, Clemson University, 343A Sirrine Hall, Clemson, SC 29634, e-mail: aroth@clemson.edu ABSTRACT As China becomes increasingly important to the global economy, it is critical to conduct high-quality research on important decision sciences issues there. This article provides an extensive review and critique of the extant China-based literature on supply chain management, logistics, and quality management, based on the foundation established by Zhao, Flynn, and Roth (2006). In general, decision sciences research in China is in its infancy. Although there have been some very interesting and well-executed articles, the majority are descriptive and focus on status updates. We provide a set of propositions to guide future research in logistics, supply chain management, and quality management in...
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