...ROMNEYCARE An In-‐Depth Analysis of the Massachusetts Healthcare Reform The American Healthcare System Final Research Report By Sara Mahmood, DDS and Camille Debi 1.0 Introduction In 2006, the state of Massachusetts initiated a health care overhaul by passing a reform law with the central tenet of providing healthcare to all of its residents. Widely popular and objectively successful, the law has been dubbed “Romneycare,” named after then Governor Mitt Romney who signed the legislation into action. The law mandates that nearly every resident of Massachusetts obtain a minimum level of insurance coverage and provides free health insurance for residents earning less than 150% of the federal poverty level. It also mandates employers with more than 10 full-time employees to provide health insurance. Among its many outcomes, the law established an independent public authority with the official title of “the Commonwealth Health Insurance Connector Authority”. However, it is commonly referred to as “the Connector”. The Connector acts as an insurance broker, essentially, offering free, highly subsidized and full-price private insurance plans to residents. The website serves as a portal for Massachusetts residents that allows them to access many of the Connector’s resources, as well as the ability to register online for an insurance policy. Although it has been amended significantly since...
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...and Affordable Care Act (PPACA) is one of the most substantial reforms in Medicare since 1965. This is now considered the law of the land according to Douglas Holtz-Eaton. The PPACA portrays a “coverage first” strategy. “Sadly, a review a of the state’s experience bodes poorly for the future of national reform.” (Point/Counterpoint 177) There are two major driving factors in which could propose a threat for this reform. The first factor is it costs too much. Many decades ago, healthcare spending was at a minimum and not the focal point of American citizens. The statics show during 1970, national health expenditures were $1,300 per person and consumed 7 cents out of every national dollar, 7% of the GDP. Since the 1970, the spending per person has grown 2% more each year than income per captia. Therefore, healthcare costs have been increasing at such a high rate and will continue to threaten many decades to come. The second factor is the skyrocket of health insurance. This obviously is not mindboggling due to the fact that it is a reaction to the rapid increase of healthcare. Insurance costs have tripled over the past decade, making it hard for the average citizen to afford such outrageous premiums. As a result, less and less people are opting out of health insurance, which is no longer an option due to the new federal law making health insurance mandatory. The PPACA reform is looked upon with a “cost first” approach. This approach allows quality care to be inexpensive...
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...The first is abortion in its own and the second being the leadership of the governor. Through these two topics, it shows how the governor had signed the bills for abortion in Wisconsin in secrecy. The bill consists of multiple parts of procedures the doctor needs to perform before following through with the abortion. One bill is that doctors need to ask the patient alone if they want the abortion or if they have to oblige. The second bill is that no medical expense paid from insurance agencies unless the pregnancy is through rape, incest, or of people who need it medically. According to "Controversial Abortion Bill Among Several Walker Quietly Signed Into Law" (2012), "Another bill comes into play with Health Care Reform in 2014, banning abortion coverage sold through a health insurance exchange, except in cases of rape, incest or medical necessity” (para. 11). I do support the cause of why the governor is doing this; however, he is doing it for the wrong reasons. He signed these bills before he is leaving office and has done them secretly. According to "Leadership = Controversy With Civility" (2011), "Involve everyone in planning and problem solving. Avoid making decisions behind closed doors” (para. 10). This states that to avoid controversy that all decisions should avoid secrecy and allot everyone in the decision. This shows bad leadership by the governor. It also shows how the governor had made the decisions hastily because of the rush out of office and the want to passing...
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...you read regarding healthcare reform. Evaluate each source's CURRENCY, AUTHORITY, PURPOSE, OBJECTIVITY and WRITING STYLE on a 10-point scale (10 is the best score). You should write notes to yourself about why you scored each source as you did. If you don’t write notes, you will have a much harder time explaining your rationale for your scores. Bring this ranking sheet with you when you come to class. When you are done scoring, rank the five sources from 1-5 (#1 should be the best source; 5 should be the worst). You can discuss your rankings with your group and explain why you ranked the sources the way you did. Example: Z. Why I Hate Health Care Reform C:_9__ A:_6___ P: _5__ O: _1__ W: _9__ Total Score: _30_/50 Rating the Articles A. One Month Later: Making Healthcare Reform a Reality C:_7___ A:_5___ P: __5__ O: __5__ W: __4__ Total Score: __26__/50 Notes: B. The Five Biggest Lies in the Healthcare Debate C:__3__ A:___5 P: _6___ O: ___2_ W: ___6_ Total Score: ___22_/50 Notes: C. The Moral Case Against Healthcare Reform C:__2__ A:__6__ P: _2___ O: __6__ W: _3___ Total Score: _19___/50 Notes: D. What Happened to Healthcare Reform? C:__5__ A:__1__ P: ___7_ O: __2__ W: __9__ Total Score: __24__/50 Notes: E. Andrew Rubin on Healthcare Reform C:__4__ A:_5___...
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...For US citizens covered by private health insurance, receiving treatment is not necessarily easy with many insurance contracts containing terms and conditions excluding treatments which would be covered under the NHS. This has led to scandals where individuals have died as a result of not reading the fine print on their insurance contracts a massive 21% of claims in California are rejected by private insurers. (Reuters 2011) The profit-driven running of companies that are essentially meant to provide coverage guaranteeing the maintenance of health has seen managers receiving salaries exceeding 13 million dollars compared with the NHS’s top salary of less than half a million US. Not covering an individual for expensive treatment thus saves the company money and provides stockholders with dividends or capital gain a very dangerous approach to the provision of healthcare coverage. An estimated 62% of individuals’ bankruptcies are related to healthcare bills, and of these,80% had health insurance numbers which would cause widespread revolt among Europeans. The private nature of US healthcare has resulted in pharmaceutical companies directly advertising to consumers the infamously endemic “ask your doctor if MagicMarioMix is suitable for you” tagline. Consumers thus ask their doctors about the advertised drug, and every 1 US dollar spent on advertising by pharmaceutical companies’ results in $4.20 of sales. The quick-fix or one-pill solution approach, rife among Americans, is reflected...
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...The article that I am reviewing is called “Healthcare Reform: The Importance of a Public Option” by Stephen Gorin. The article discusses the issues that we are now currently dealing with well the House and the Senate debate and try to create the healthcare reform that would make sure that everyone has healthcare coverage. The big issue within this article is creating a level playing field for all the parties: the non covered public, the already covered public, the healthcare companies and the government. As if you didn’t already know this is not the easiest task as everyone wants to have a say on how it is going to be accomplished. One of the big things discussed in this article is the public plan option that is currently being debated in the legislation. Many people don’t feel that it would create a “level playing field”. One person described the public option as "a Trojan horse for government control and the progressive destruction of Americans' private health insurance coverage.” They are stating that there would be no way that with a public option would insurance companies is able to compete with a government public option. They cover what would have to happen to make this plan also work. They stated that to make the public option work that they would have to reduce rates to providers who could in turn refuse to see these patients with this coverage. They then go to discuss that they would have to create a payment system to providers that is equal and they close the gap...
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...Mental health reform has been constantly changing to best fit the patient as well as society. During the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, involuntary civil commitment laws were in place in most states in the United States to provide care for mentally ill individuals that needed it, but could not realize their need for it (La Fond, 1994). During the 1950’s and 1960’s; however, there was fight against involuntary commitment (La Fond, 1994). The most prominent argument was centered on hospitalized patients’ ability to function outside in the social world, as most people thought “confinement in institutions created a dependency on their structured environment, diminishing patients’ ability to function in the outside world” (La Fond,...
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...Control of Health Care in Puerto Rico Josie Valentín Walden University Overview of the health care system The Puerto Rico Department of Health (PRDH), the State Health Agency (SHA), is a free-standing, independent agency. Under its jurisdiction are all the health-related affairs of Puerto Rico. The PRDH performs the following functions: Planning, evaluating, and regulating as well as auditing the programmatic, administrative, and fiscal aspects of health facilities and services. The PRDH performs these duties in the public and private health sectors of the commonwealth. The system is driven by health needs or problems to produce health results or outcomes. The government’s role in health, once limited primarily to protecting the public from epidemics of infectious diseases. This information are Retrieved from http://www.cdc.gov /phppo/inpho/profile/pr Who controls health care in Puerto Rico today? Why? Several affiliated organizations function under the SHA. Included in this group are the General Health Council, Administration of Health Facilities and Services, Administration of Medical Services of Puerto Rico, and Central Areawide Comprehensive Health Services Corporation (CACHSC). The CACHSC is a private non-profit organization which serves as fiscal agent to the SHA for Federal grants earmarked to provide high-quality primary and migrant health care to medically underserved and low income residents of the mountainous municipalities. The General Council of...
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...The Uninsured Persons Access to Healthcare March 8, 2015 The Uninsured Persons Access to Health Care Health insurance is a luxury. This is something that has become apparent listening to the ongoing debate about healthcare reform. The Center for Disease Control and Prevention reports that in 2013 there were 44.3 million uninsured people under age 65 in the United States. The purpose of this paper is to discuss how these 44.3 million are able to access healthcare and how there lack of access is detrimental to everyone. The Uninsured Two-thirds of people who are uninsured are between the ages of 18-65, have a job and more than half of these older adults have an increased risk of serious health problems. Being uninsured breaks all gender and ethnicity barriers and affects mainly the poor or near poor (Mason, Leavitt & Chaffee, 2014). Uninsured people have less access to preventative services and have more trouble finding a doctor or finding one that will take them as a new patient than those with public or private insurance (Gindi, Kirzinger & Cohen, 2012). When they do seek out medical attention many times it is in an emergency room and there illness may be in more advanced stages which means that there treatment will be more expensive. According to the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) the average ER visit can cost around $1500, the subsequent bill for these visits can be difficult to pay when that is more than you make...
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...Analysis of the Health Care Systems Offered in the United States and Mexico Comparative Analysis of the Health Care Systems Offered in the United States and Mexico Healthcare Comparison of United States and Mexico The objective of this report is to give a comparative analysis between the United States healthcare system and Mexico's. Its key focal point will be centered on the countries policies, how their various systems are financed, who provides healthcare, the costs of the programs and availability of access. While some factors of these two countries are similar there are varying differences among them, especially cost and access. All of the components of the two countries healthcare systems will be discussed in depth in a non-biased manner, it is our goal to simply establish how they are similar and what differences there are among them. For starters a comparison of the overall health of the people of the two countries will form a baseline as to the quality of care being provided in each of the countries and give us an insight into the effectiveness of its preventative services. The mortality rate of citizens of Mexico is 4.86 per 1,000, whereas the U.S. has 8.38 per 1,000(CIA, 2001) This is due in large part to the number of citizens the U.S. has over 65 years of age, 13.1% of the U.S. population is over 65, Mexico's is half that with 6.6%. While the baby boomer generation is a large reason why this number is high, a correlation between the quality of care given to...
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...determine what parts of the Affordable Care Act can apply to Puerto Rico and the impacting the Medicare, Medicare patient services and employees. Most of the people in the island think that the Affordable Care Act is giving more security and help to address the existing disparities in the healthcare system. With the new Patient Protection & Affordable Care Act, the insurance companies can no longer drop the coverage if one becomes sick, bill individual into bankruptcy because of an annual or lifetime limit, and they will not be able to discriminate against anyone with a pre existing condition. Most of the Medicare and Medicaid community suffers do to the imbalance in our healthcare system this situation affects the quality of care and places a financial strain on the government, individuals and families, employers and employees, and public and private providers. Most of the Medicare beneficiaries have to enroll in the MA program to help them to succeed and receive the adequate treatments without MA to help the disadvantaged seniors on the island, Puerto Rico's elderly citizens will be forced to turn to Mi Salud in larger numbers. Although Mi Salud is scheduled to receive an average of $690 million annually during the next five years, the widening deficit in MA funding is likely to create a net negative impact on federal funding for healthcare in Puerto Rico. The Health care Policies and Issues Ethical concerns and issues The Affordable Care Act (ACA) policies are intended...
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...Professional Practice NUR3805 Dr. Kramer September 22, 2015 Economics and Change In March of 2010 President Obama signed the Affordable Care Act (ACA) into law. This act was to ensure that all Americans have access to healthcare. It provided coverage for pre-existing conditions, free preventative care, discounted medications for seniors and protected consumers against health care fraud. As health care professionals we had to accept and adapt to the change that was inevitably going to occur. This is going to be a collaborative effort on many different levels from nursing to case managers to nurse leaders. This act is going to require us to look at the way we charge for healthcare and how we are reimbursed for the care provided more carefully. The expectations are going to change for all involved with providing quality care to patients in any healthcare setting. The Affordable Care Act was not a spontaneous change but more of a mix between a developmental change and planned change. According to Blais and Hayes (Blais & Hayes, 2011, p. 254-255) “developmental change refers to physiopsychologic changes that occur during an individual’s life cycle or to the growth of an organization as it becomes more complex.” As a nation and a whole more and more people were not covered for health care or could not afford to pay for health care out of pocket. “More than 45 million American are uninsured, and as a result, they experienced increasing morbidity and mortality.” (Kocher...
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...Organizational Responsibility and Current Health Care Issues Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (PPACA) Health Law and Ethics Patient Protection And Affordable Care Act History “After the enactment of the Affordable Care Act (ACA) in March 2010, numerous lawsuits challenging various provisions of the momentous health care reform law were filed in the federal courts. Many of those cases were dismissed, but some federal appellate courts issued decisions on the merits of the law. In November 2011, the United States Supreme Court agreed to consider several issues related to the constitutionality of the ACA arising out of two cases in the 11th Circuit Court of Appeals” (The Henry J Kaiser Family Foundation). Headline news featured the highly controversial Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (PPACA), also referred to as Obamacare, during the week of 25-June-2012. In response to health care crises in the United States, PPACA advanced to the forefront. “[W]e must also address the crushing cost of health care. This is a cost that now causes a bankruptcy in America every thirty seconds. By the end of the year, it could cause 1.5 million Americans to lose their homes. In the last eight years, premiums have grown four times faster than wages. And in each of these years, one million more Americans have lost their health insurance. It is one of the major reasons why small businesses close their doors and corporations ship jobs overseas. And...
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...PROTECTING PEOPLE. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS TRUST FOR AMERICA’S HEALTH IS A NON-PROFIT, NON-PARTISAN ORGANIZATION DEDICATED TO SAVING LIVES AND MAKING DISEASE PREVENTION A NATIONAL PRIORITY. The Robert Wood Johnson Foundation focuses on the pressing health and health care issues facing our country. As the nation’s largest philanthropy devoted exclusively to improving the health and health care of all Americans, the Foundation works with a diverse group of organizations and individuals to identify solutions and achieve comprehensive, meaningful and timely change. For more than 35 years the Foundation has brought experience, commitment, and a rigorous, balanced approach to the problems that affect the health and health care of those it serves. Helping Americans lead healthier lives and get the care they need—the Foundation expects to make a difference in our lifetime. For more information, visit www.rwjf.org. TFAH BOARD OF DIRECTORS Lowell Weicker, Jr. President Former three-term U.S. Senator and Governor of Connecticut Cynthia M. Harris, PhD, DABT Vice President Director and Associate Professor Institute of Public Health, Florida A & M University Robert T. Harris, MD Secretary Former Chief Medical Officer and Senior Vice President for Healthcare BlueCross BlueShield of North Carolina John W. Everets Treasurer Gail Christopher, DN Vice President for Health WK Kellogg Foundation David Fleming, MD Director of Public Health Seattle King County, Washington Arthur Garson, Jr., MD, MPH...
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...Abstract Health policy debates are replete with discussions of federalism, most often when advocates of reform put their hopes in states. But health policy literature is remarkably silent on the question of allocation of authority, rarely asking which levels of government ought to lead. We draw on the larger literatures about federalism, found mostly in political science and law, to develop a set of criteria for allocating health policy authority between states and the federal government. They are social justice, procedural democracy, compatibility with value pluralism, institutional capability, and economic sustainability. Of them, only procedural democracy and compatibility with value pluralism point to state leadership. In examining these criteria, we conclude that American policy debates often get federalism backward, putting the burden of health care coverage policy on states that cannot enact or sustain it, while increasing the federal role in issues where the arguments for state leadership are compelling. We suggest that the federal government should lead present and future financing of health care coverage, since it would require major changes in American intergovernmental relations to make innovative state health care financing sustainable outside a strong federal framework. The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA) was signed into law on March 23, 2010 by President Barack Obama. The ambitious (and controversial) legislation focuses on reforming the...
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