...that choices can be ranked in an order of preference. For instance, an individual will have a preference when faced with two choices. Transitivity means actions can be compared with other actions. As an example, if action a is preferred to b, and action b is preferred to c, then a is preferred to c. A benefit is the maximum unit of currency amount you would be willing to pay to do x, while the cost is the value of all the resources you must give up in order to do x. The cost-benefit approach to decisions states that an individual should do an activity x if the benefit exceeds the cost. Relating to cost, in the process of coming up with a decision, a rational individual will take into account opportunity costs and ignore sunk costs. * New theories argue that people are not always rational. On what grounds? What are the implications for Policy making? The arguments where people are not rational can be explained in the following conditions: 1. Economic theories state that people are homo economicus that always act on their own preferences. In short, individuals are selfish. However in reality, the well-being of others could also enter into an...
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...2014 Frost & Sullivan The market research process for this study has been undertaken through detailed primary and secondary research, which involves discussing the status of the industry with leading industry participants and experts, and compiling inputs from publicly available sources, including official publications and research reports. The Expert Opinion Consensus Methodology has been used for the report. Quantitative market information is based primarily on such interviews and desk-based secondary research; therefore, making it subject to fluctuation. Frost & Sullivan has taken all reasonable care to insure that the information contained in this report is, to the best of its knowledge, in accordance with the facts and contains no omission likely to affect its import. In making any decision regarding the transaction, the recipient should conduct its own investigation and analysis of all facts and information contained in the prospectus of which this report is a part and the recipient must rely on its own examination and the terms of the transaction, as and when discussed. The recipient should not construe any of the contents in this report as advice relating to business, financial, legal, taxation or investment matters and are advised to consult their own business, financial, legal, taxation, and other advisors concerning the transaction. This Frost & Sullivan report is prepared for our client’s internal use, submission and sharing with the relevant parties as well as for inclusion...
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...The Impact Of Outsourcing On General Electric Commerce Essay The report aims to highlight the impact outsourcing has had on General Electric Company. This paper analyzed GE’s decision to have multiple outsourcing partnerships. The paper also discusses the impact that outsourcing will have on US economy in general. The first part of the paper reveals how outsourcing has led GE to be a cost efficient, productive and profitable company. The findings outlined factors such as the success of GE Real Estate in Mexico. It also outlined GE’s successful steps in India in order to source products, services, and intellectual talent from India for its global businesses. The next section of the paper discusses GE’s decision to have multiple outsourcing partnerships. It discusses the strategies of successful multiple outsourcing and consolidated it with GE’s steps of outsourcing its businesses in different countries. In the last section the report elaborates different impact will outsourcing have on US economy. It contrasted the brighter side of outsourcing such as $100 worth of work sent abroad by U.S. companies; $130 to $145 will be reinvested in the U.S. economy. It also reveals the downside as it discusses how sending jobs abroad can affect American job market. 1.0 Introduction 1.1 Background General Electric is a diversified technology, media and financial services company focused on solving some of the world's toughest problems. With products and services ranging from aircraft engines...
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...Health & Medical Informatics Review Article Raghupathi and Raghupathi, J Health Med Informat 2013, 4:3 http://dx.doi.org/10.4172/2157-7420.1000132 Open Access An Overview of Health Analytics Wullianallur Raghupathi1* and Viju Raghupathi2 1 2 Graduate School of Business, Fordham University, New York, NY, USA Finance and business management, Brooklyn College, City University of New York, Brooklyn, NY, USA Abstract Objectives: We examine the emerging health analytics field by describing the different health analytics and providing examples of various applications. Methods: The paper discusses different definitions of health analytics, describes the four stages of health analytics, its architectural framework, development methodology, and examples in public health. Results: The paper provides a broad overview of health analytics for researchers and practitioners. Conclusions: Health analytics is rapidly emerging as a key and distinct application of health information technology. The key objective of health analytics is to gain insight for making informed healthcare decisions. Keywords: Data warehousing; ETL; Descriptive analytics; Discovery Introduction analytics; Health analytics; Informed decision; Insight; Predictive analytics; Prescriptive analytics management, and preventive care. In one scenario, for example, the use of health analytics technologies can ensure that emergency room doctors are briefed and ready to treat patients prior to their arrival...
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...Susan Walsh Sanderson Lally School of Management Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute Troy, New York 12180 Phone: 518-276-2933 Fax: 518-276-8661 Email:sandes@rpi.edu May, 2008 CURRENT POSITION ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR (with tenure). School of Management Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Affiliate of Sloan Foundation Industry Studies Centers Major Interests: • Innovation Management • Product Design, Marketing and Brand Management • Innovative Teaching Approaches (Multimedia Enhanced on campus and Distance Learning) AWARDS 1995 Boeing Outstanding Educator Award Hesburg Award Team (for Educational Innovation) In 1995, I was a co-recipient of the Boeing Outstanding Educator Award and a member of the team receiving the Hesburg Award for Educational Innovation TEACHING Teaching Role. My recent teaching has been in Rensselaer’s resident MBA program (both full and parttime), Professional and Distance Education Program and undergraduate programs. My research and teaching have made important contributions to efforts to build the marketing and management and technology curricula in the School of Management at Rensselaer and at other universities who have adopted our teaching materials. As a pioneer in interactive leaning material on product development and manufacturing, I have developed several interactive multimedia cases and collaborated on the development of simulations designed to teach marketing principles and bridge management and engineering disciplines. The simulations teach marketing...
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...Secretary ALICIA BÁRCENA Deputy Executive Secretary Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean economic commission for latin america and the caribbean C E P A L Review NUMBER 85 APRIL 2005 SANTIAGO, CHILE OSCAR ALTIMIR Director REYNALDO BAJRAJ Deputy Director The CEPAL Review was founded in 1976 and is published three times a year by the United Nations Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean, which has its headquarters in Santiago, Chile. The Review, however, has full editorial independence and follows the usual academic procedures and criteria, including the review of articles by independent external referees. The Review is distributed to universities, research institutes and other international organizations, as well as to individual subscribers, and is also consulted extensively on the Internet. The purpose of the Review is to contribute to the discussion of socio-economic development issues in the region by offering analytical and policy approaches and articles by economists and other social scientists working both within and outside the United Nations. Accordingly, the editorial board of the Review extends its readers an open invitation to submit for publication articles analysing various aspects of economic and social development in Latin America and the Caribbean. The opinions expressed in the signed articles are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the organization. The designations employed...
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...2006 National Institute of Standards and Technology Technology Administration • Department of Commerce Baldrige National Quality Program Arroyo Fresco Community Health Center Case Study 2006 National Institute of Standards and Technology Technology Administration • Department of Commerce Baldrige National Quality Program Arroyo Fresco Community Health Center Case Study The Arroyo Fresco Community Health Center Case Study was prepared for use in the 2006 Malcolm Baldrige National Quality Award Examiner Preparation Course. The Arroyo Fresco Community Health Center Case Study describes a fictitious nonprofit organization in the health care sector. There is no connection between the fictitious Arroyo Fresco Community Health Center and any other organization, either named Arroyo Fresco Community Health Center or otherwise. Other organizations cited in the case study also are fictitious, except for several national and government organizations. Because the case study is developed to train Baldrige Examiners and others and to provide an example of the possible content of a Baldrige application, there are areas in the case study where Criteria requirements are not addressed. CONTENTS 2006 Eligibility Certification Form ………………………………………………………………… Organization Chart ………………………………………………………………………………… 2006 Application Form …………………………………………………………………………… Glossary of Terms and Abbreviations ……………………………………………………………… Preface: Organizational Profile P.1 P.2 Organizational Description...
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...CONDITIONAL CASH TRANSFERS A World Bank Policy Research Report CONDITIONAL CASH TRANSFERS REDUCING PRESENT AND FUTURE POVERTY Ariel Fiszbein and Norbert Schady with Francisco H.G. Ferreira, Margaret Grosh, Nial Kelleher, Pedro Olinto, and Emmanuel Skoufias ©2009 The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development / The World Bank 1818 H Street NW Washington DC 20433 Telephone: 202-473-1000 Internet: www.worldbank.org E-mail: feedback@worldbank.org All rights reserved 1 2 3 4 5 12 11 10 09 This volume is a product of the staff of the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development / The World Bank. The findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed in this volume do not necessarily reflect the views of the Executive Directors of The World Bank or the governments they represent. The World Bank does not guarantee the accuracy of the data included in this work. The boundaries, colors, denominations, and other information shown on any map in this work do not imply any judgement on the part of The World Bank concerning the legal status of any territory or the endorsement or acceptance of such boundaries. Rights and Permissions The material in this publication is copyrighted. Copying and/or transmitting portions or all of this work without permission may be a violation of applicable law. The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development / The World Bank encourages dissemination of its work and will normally grant permission to reproduce portions...
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...and Balance of Payments Trade Patterns Macroeconomic and Trade Policy Reform Current Challenges Distinguishing Characteristics of Egypt’s Economy Water Resources and Growing Population Pressure Oil and Natural Gas Geographical Location Egyptian Culture Higher Education Socialism and Its Aftermath Egypt’s Comparative Advantage in the Global Economy Changing Global Economy Egypt’s Economy in Relation to Three Waves of Globalization Revealed Competitive Advantage Analysis v vi viii xi xiv xvi 1 5 5 5 7 8 10 12 13 14 14 16 16 16 17 18 19 19 22 25 II 3. Trade Policy and the International Trade Regime Current Trade Regime in Egypt Tariff Structure Non-tariff Barriers to Trade Multilateral, Regional, and Bilateral Agreements Multilateral Agreements Regional Agreements Bilateral Agreements Trade Regimes of Major Trading Partners Economic Impacts of Trade Agreements Anticipated Economic Effects of Trade Agreements Developing Country Trade Agreements with the United States and the European Union Impacts of Egypt’s Trade Agreements Observed Economic Impacts of Trade Agreements 4. Impact of Trade Regime Changes on Subsectors Purpose of Subsector Analysis Summary of Subsector Analysis Fresh Flowers, Fruits, and...
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...“COMPARATIVE STUDIES BETWEEN LAKME AND REVLON WITH THE REFRENCE OF THEIR PRODUCTS” under the guidance of Mrs. Aparna Porwal. After completion it successfully in the fulfillment of requirement for the award of degree of bachelor of business administration of “Aryan institute of management of computer studies”. I WOULD LIKE TO THANK MY PROJECT GUIDES, ALL THE FACULTY MEMBERS. FOR THIS APPROVAL & ALSO FOR HER VALUABLE GUIDANCE & SUPPORT IN COMPLETING MY PROJECT OF COMPARATIVE STUDIES BETWEEN LAKME AND REVLON. LAST BUT NOT THE LEAST I WOULD LIKE TO EXPRESS MY SINCERE THANKS TO THOSE WHO DIRECTLY & INDIRECTLY HELPED IN THIS PROJECT. CONTENTS ➢ Introduction ❖ Brief overview of marketing strategies. ❖ Company Profile of Lakme ❖ Company Profile of Revlon ➢ Various Marketing strategies adopted by the two Company along with product profile ➢ Objectives of the Study ➢ Research Methodology ➢ Data Analysis & Interpretation ➢ Suggestions and Recommendations ➢ Summary & Conclusion ➢ Appendix ❖ Questionnaire ❖ Bibliography INTRODUCTION Within a short span of the last five-six years, the use of cosmetics by Indian consumers has increased significantly with more and more women and men taking greater interest in personal grooming, increasing disposable incomes...
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... TECHNOLOGICAL LECTURE OUTLINE General Outline Opening Profile: India Becoming a Crucial Cog in the Machine at I.B.M. The Global Business Environment Management in Focus: A Small Company, A Global Approach Regional Trading Blocks Comparative Management in Focus: Opening Economy Revitalizes India Information Technology The Globalization of Human Capital The Global Manager’s Role The Political and Economic Environment The Legal Environment The Technological Environment Chapter Discussion Questions Application Exercises Experiential Exercise End-of-Chapter Case Study: Under Pressure, Dubai Company Drops Port Deal Additional Cases: India: The Employment Black Hole? Mecca Cola Student Stimulation Questions and Exercises Opening Profile: India Becoming a Crucial Cog in Machine at I.B.M. The opening profile reports on the growing importance of India as a source of low-cost services in the IT market. The Indian labor market is attractive not only due to its low wages, but also because of the scientific and managerial talent found in the country. IBM’s Indian facility in Bangalore is now the company’s second largest worldwide operation. While IBM has laid off thousands of workers in the United States, its Indian operation has greatly increased employment. Some of IBM’s competitors have also begun to move their operations to India. The opening profile raises the question of the strategic importance of India to IBM and other companies. Country...
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...Drug and Alcohol Review, (July 2005), 24, 369 – 385 Family interventions in the treatment of alcohol and drug problems ALEX G. COPELLO1, RICHARD D. B. VELLEMAN2 & LORNA J. TEMPLETON2 1 Birmingham and Solihull Substance Misuse Services and School of Psychology, University of Birmingham, UK and 2Mental Health Research and Development Unit, University of Bath, UK and Avon Witshire Mental Health Partnership NHS Trust Abstract Alcohol and drug problems affect not only those using these substances but also family members of the substance user. In this review evidence of the negative impacts substance misuse may have upon families are examined, following which family-focused interventions are reviewed. Several family-focused interventions have been developed. They can be broadly grouped into three types: (1) working with family members to promote the entry and engagement of substance misusers into treatment; (2) joint involvement of family members and substance misusing relatives in the treatment of the latter; and (3) interventions responding to the needs of the family members in their own right. The evidence base for each of the three types is reviewed. Despite methodological weaknesses in this area, a number of conclusions can be advanced that support wider use of family focused interventions in routine practice. Future research needs to focus on (1) pragmatic trials that are more representative of routine clinical settings; (2) cost-effectiveness analyses, in terms of...
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...transmission, or broadcast for distance learning. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 Text printer code/Cover printer code 0 9 8 7 6 5 4 ISBN 0-07-288477-0 www.mhhe.com The Nature and Method of Economics CHAPTER ONE THE NATURE AND METHOD OF ECONOMICS CHAPTER OVERVIEW This chapter begins with a discussion of the meaning and importance of economics. In this first chapter, however, we will not plunge into problems and issues; instead we consider some important preliminaries. We first look at the economic perspective—how economists think about problems. Next, we state some of the benefits of studying economics. Then, we examine the specific methods economists use to examine economic behavior and the economy, distinguishing between macroeconomics and microeconomics. Finally, the problems, limitations, and pitfalls that hinder sound economic reasoning are examined. The Appendix to Chapter 1 provides an important introduction to graphical analysis. While this will be review material for most students, for some this may be new....
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...Edificio Casa Estelı, Estelı, Nicaragua ÃÃ ABSTRACT In December 2001, green coffee commodity prices hit a 30-year low. This deepened the livelihood crisis for millions of coffee farmers and rural communities. The specialty coffee industry responded by scaling up several sustainable coffee certification programs, including Fair Trade. This study uses household- and community-level research conducted in Nicaragua from 2000 to 2006 to assess the response to the post-1999 coffee crisis. A participatory action research team surveyed 177 households selling into conventional and Fair Trade markets in 2006. In an effort to dialogue with specialty coffee industry and mainstream development agencies, results are framed within the context of the United Nations Millennium Development Goals. Findings suggest that households connected to Fair Trade cooperatives experienced several positive impacts in education, infrastructure investment, and monetary savings. However, several important livelihoods insecurities, including low incomes, high emigration, and food insecurity, persisted among all small-scale producers. ´ ´ En diciembre de 2001, los precios del bien de consumo de cafe verde alcanzaron su nivel mas ´ ˜ bajo en 30 anos. Esto ha aumentado la crisis del sustento a...
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...while senior managers often lack the time and incentive to look beyond their own industry to the larger issues of the global economy. By integrating these perspectives, MGI is able to gain insights into the microeconomic underpinnings of the long-term macroeconomic trends affecting business strategy and policy making. For nearly two decades, MGI has utilized this “micro-to-macro” approach in research covering more than 20 countries and 30 industry sectors. MGI’s current research agenda focuses on three broad areas: productivity, competitiveness, and growth; the evolution of global financial markets; and the economic impact of technology. Recent research has examined a program of reform to bolster growth and renewal in Europe and the United States through accelerated productivity growth; Africa’s economic potential; debt and deleveraging and the end of cheap capital; the impact of multinational companies on the US economy; technology-enabled business trends; urbanization in India and China; and the competitiveness of sectors and industrial policy. MGI is led by three McKinsey & Company directors: Richard Dobbs, James Manyika, and Charles Roxburgh. Susan Lund serves as MGI’s director of research. MGI...
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