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Lack of Comunication

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UNIVERSITATEA BUCUREȘTI, FACULTATEA DE SOCIOLOGIE ȘI ASISTENȚĂ SOCIALĂ

LIPSA COMUNICĂRII ÎN FAMILIE

Prof. coord.:
APOSTU Iulian

Student:
DRÎMBU Marina-Mădălina
Anul III, Sociologie, DEVC, Grupa 1

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BUCUREȘTI
Bottom of Form2015

LIPSA COMUNICĂRII ÎN FAMILIE

Familia, în forma ei tradițională, era privitî ca fiind celula de bază a societății. Odată cu trecerea timpului și cu modernizarea societății și implicit a instituției familiei, lucrurile nu mai stau chiar așa. Însă, familia, luând în prezent diverse forme, este în continuare un element important și de bază în cadrul societății. Prin urmare, familia poate fi privită din două unghiuri: familia tradițională, formată din cuplul căsătorit și copiii acestuia și familia modernă care poate consta într-un cuplu de sexe opuse sau de același sex care locuiesc împreună, nefiind neapărat căsătoriți. În oricare din formele sale, instituția familiei se subordonează unei instituții superioare, anume societatea, față de care îndeplinește anumite funcții. Cele mai importante funcții ale familiei sunt: funcția reproductivă, cea care asigură continuitatea familiei și perpetuarea speciei umane; funcția economică prin intermediul căreia membrii familiei reușesc să își asigure traiul. Lucrurile s-au schimbat mult în cadrul familiei moderne față de cea tradițională în cadrul căreia tatăl era capul familiei și cel care suporta în totalitate funcția economică. Astăzi, femeia asigură și ea în aceeași măsură traiul familiei. O a treia funcție foarte importantă a familiei este funcția de socializare primară. Socializarea primară se referă la primii ani de viață ai nou-născutului, perioadă în care sunt învățate limba maternă, sunt dobândite valorile, gusturile, modelele comportamentale. De câțiva ani, s-a dezvoltat și s-a răspândit din ce în ce mai mult o alternativă a familiei tradiționale – concubinajul. Concubinajul sau uniunea liberă cum mai este numit, este o formă de conviețuire a cuplurilor îndrăgostite, dar care nu sunt căsătorite. Concubinajul nu se diferențiază de familia nucleară în multe aspecte, întrucât partenerii se confruntă cu aceleași probleme, relația se bazează pe aceleași aspecte, indivizii împart aceleași sarcini și responsabilități. Ca orice alt aspect al vieții, uniunea liberă are atât avantaje, cât și dezavantaje. Poate cel mai mare avantaj al concubinajului este acela că el reușește să împace atât nevoia de apartenență a unei persoane, cât și pe cea de autonomie. Ca dezavantaje ale acestui tip de relație, poate că cel mai mare îl reprezintă inegalitatea în ceea ce privește sentimentele investite de cei doi parteneri. În orice caz, indiferent că vorbim de familie în forma ei tradițională sau de o uniune liberă, comunicarea în interiorul cuplului reprezintă un aspect fundamental în buna funcționare a relației, dar și o problemă actuală care poate duce la distrugerea familiei. Câte probleme nu s-ar putea rezolva, câtă suferință ar putea fi evitată, câți copii nefericiți n-ar mai exista dacă cei doi parteneri ar găsi o clipă de răgaz pentru a discuta deschis și sincer lucrurile care îi deranjează? Comunicarea are un rol esențial în structura familiei și este factorul care contribuie cel mai mult la dezvoltarea ei. O bună comunicare între parteneri duce la înțelegere, la armonie în cadrul cuplului, la un cadru propice pentru ca familia să se dezvolte pe toate planurile: economic, social etc. Dacă familia este formată și din copii, în cazul în care părinții reușesc să sa asculte, să comunice și să se înțeleagă, aceștia, copiii, vor avea parte de o situație emoțională potrivită pentru a se dezvolta și a dobândi valorile adecvate după care se vor ghida în restul vieții. Dacă, dimpotrivă, părinții nu reușesc să își facă timp să comunice sau există alte motive, excluzând lipsa timpului, care duc la o lipsî de comunicare, familia este zdruncinată din temelii. Cuplul va avea dificultăți mari sau nu va reuși niciodată să găsească un echilibru pentru a încerca să se dezvolte. Copiii proveniți din astfel de familii vor avea la rândul lor probleme de comunicare, greutăți în a se exprima, în a vorbi sincer, în a se încrede în ceilalți și mai ales în ei înșiși. Cauzele acestui eșec în comunicare pot fi nenumărate, dar cele mai importante poate, sunt: teama de a fi jignit sau respins de către celălalt, neîncrederea în sine și imaginea proastă pe care cineva o are despre el însuși, ceea ce duce la reprimarea sentimentelor, experiența unor eșecuri anterioare în ceea ce privește comunicarea sau chiar necunoașterea tehnicilor de comunicare. Cunosc un caz real al unor prieteni de familie de-ai părinților mei în care lipsa de comunicare dintre cei doi a provocat probleme serioase în familie. S-au cunoscut când erau amândoi la liceu, iar când au împlinit vârsta de 18 ani s-au și căsătorit, deși părinții niciunuia dintre ei nu a fost de acord. Au reușit să aibă o casă a lor și după multe încercări și un copil. Păreau fericiți împreună, dar cei care le erau prieteni apropiați știau că lucrurile nu stau chiar așa. El avea un loc de muncă care îi ocupa foarte mult timp și îl solicita mult. Ea era casnică, se îngrijea de casă și de cel mic. În puținul timp pe care-l petreceau împreună se certau tot timpul. Ea îi reproșa că din cauza lui nu are un loc de muncă, iar el îi spunea că nu este vina lui și că nu a fost în stare să își găsească niciun job pentru că de fapt nu a dorit asta, pentru că era mai comod să stea acasă în timp ce el muncea ca să întrețină familia. În ochii lumii, în schimb, păreau cuplul perfect. Aveau o casă frumoasă, un copil inteligent, mergeau în vacanțe, se întâlneau cu prietenii. În timp, însă, certurile au devenit din ce în ce mai dese, iar copilul creștea și începea și el să observe acest lucru, moment în care ea a decis să divorțeze. El nu s-a opus deloc. Au divorțat, copilul a rămas la mamă care între timp s-a angajat și s-a mutat în casa părinților ei unde locuiește și acum, în timp ce el la un an după divorț, s-a recăsătorit. De curând, într-o discuție avută cu mai multe prietene, printre care și mama mea, ea le-a mărturisit că cea mai mare greșeală pe care au făcut-o ei a fost că niciunul nu știa ce vrea de la viață și cum aveau să se descurce. În momentul în care s-au căsătorit, ei nu știau de fapt ce își doresc și nici de ce o fac. Nu vorbiseră până atunci decât de lucruri superficiale de care în timp s-au săturat să discute. Dacă el și-a refăcut viața, ea a spus că nu dorește să se mai căsătorească de frică să nu eșueze din nou. În final, poate, comunicarea sau mai bine zis, lipsa acesteia, nu este chiar o problemă de familie de sine stătătoare, ci un factor care determină apariția acestora. „Netratată”, această lipsă de comunicare duce, pe termen lung, la probleme grave cum ar fi: pierderea încrederii în sine și în ceilalți, neintegrarea în societate, destrămarea familiei. În concluzie, consider că, pe lângă dragostea, respectul și încrederea reciprocă dintre cei doi parteneri, aspecte pe care ar trebui clădită orice relație amoroasă, această relație trebuie consolidată, dezvoltată și întreținută cu ajutorul și pe baza unei bune comunicări.

BIBLIOGRAFIE: * Mitrofan, Iolanda și Ciupercă, Cristian (2009). Psihologia relației de cuplu. Abordare teoretică și aplicativă. BUCUREȘTI: Editura SPER. * Mitrofan Iolanda și Ciupercă, Cristian (1998). Incursiune în psihosociologia și psihosexologia familiei. BUCUREȘTI: Editura Press Mihaela. * Iluț, Petru (2005). Sociopsihologia și antropologia familiei. IAȘI: Editura POLIROM.

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