What is Land Pollution?
Land pollution can be defined as acts occurring on an area resulting in colour change, fertility, and erosion. It is caused by waste in the form of liquid or solid.
Introduction to Land Pollution
The presence of chemicals or other alteration in the natural soil environment Results in a change of the soil quality Affects the normal use of the soil

Endangering public health and the living environment

Causes of LAND POLLUTION
1. By poor agricultural practices * Excessive use of fertilizers & pesticides. Farmers use fertilizers and pesticides in order to kill pests and have an abundant harvest, but some people use excessive amounts of fertilizers and pesticide, which causes pollution * Excessive farming, construction, overgrazing, burning of grass cover and deforestation

2. By mineral exploitation * This includes piles of coal refuse and heaps of slag and underground debris. Mining and forestry activities that clear the land surfaces (clear cutting) and use 'skid trails' often leave the land not restored. The surface is exposed to erosion which destroys the quality of the land. Additionally, iron and other chemicals such as copper, mercury and lead from mining practices leach into the soil, polluting it and leaving it exposed to water bodies as well.
3. By indiscriminate disposal of urban wastes. * The waste materials that cause land pollution are broadly classified as municipal solid waste (MSW, also called municipal refuse), construction and demolition (C&D) waste or debris, and hazardous waste. MSW includes non hazardous garbage, rubbish, and trash from homes, institutions, commercial establishments, and industrial facilities. C&D waste includes wood and metal objects, wallboard, concrete rubble, asphalt, and other inert materials produced when structures are built, renovated or demolished. MSW, C&D waste, and hazardous waste, contaminated effluent from subsurface sewage disposal can also be a cause of land pollution.
4. By improper disposal of e-waste
Electronic waste, E-Waste, or high-tech trash denotes the electronic items that are no longer in use by consumers, and therefore disposed of as garbage. However, unlike typical garbage, much of E-Waste is not biodegradable, nor does typical waste pose large-scale health and economic threats. When consumers upgrade to new and improved technologies, the discarded technologies become E-Waste when they are not properly recycled, and we still have yet to come up with a truly efficient recycling system for the environment. It seems like a case where the technology advanced quicker than the realization of its implication.
5. Excess salts and water (Salinization)
Effects of LAND POLLUTION * Contaminated lands and environments can: * Cause problems in the human respiratory system. * Cause problems on the skin. * Cause various kinds of cancers. * The toxic materials that pollute the soil can get into the human body directly by: * Coming into contact with the skin. * Being washed into water sources like reservoirs and rivers. * Eating fruits and vegetables that have been grown in polluted soil. * Breathing in polluted dust or particles. * Dump sites and landfills also come with serious problems like: * Very bad smell and odour in the town. * Landfills breed rodents like rats, mice and insects, who in-turn transmit diseases. * Landfills in towns do not attract tourists to the town. The town will lose revenue. * Many landfills are always burning and they cause further air pollution.
Environmental Problems due to Improper Land use * Soil Erosion * the washing or blowing away (by wind or water) of the top layer of soil (dirt). * Soil Fertility Decline * soils which are strongly acid, and/or with low natural fertility * Deforestation * Air Pollution * Salinitization * plains and interior basins which restrict outward drainage of groundwater; * soils which are naturally slightly saline. * Extinction of Species
Solutions for Land Pollution
1. Make people aware about the concept of Reduce, Recycle and Reuse.
2. Reduce the use of pesticides and fertilizers in agricultural activities.
3. Avoid buying packages items as they will lead to garbage and end up in landfill site.
4. Ensure that you do not litter on the ground and do proper disposal of garbage.
5. Buy biodegradable products.
6. Do Organic gardening and eat organic food that will be grown without the use of pesticides.
7. Create dumping ground away from residential areas.
Sanitary landfill
These are sites where waste is isolated from the environment until it is safe. It is considered when it has completely degraded biologically, chemically and physically
Purpose of the Sanitary Landfill
The purpose of a landfill is to bury the trash in such a way that it will be isolated from groundwater, will be kept dry and will not be in contact with air. Under these conditions, trash will not decompose much. A landfill is not like a compost pile, where the purpose is to bury trash in such a way that it will decompose quickly.
How Sanitary Landfill Works?
Imagine a big plastic bath tub in a ground. Trashes are added everyday and covered with daily cover such as contaminated soil or ground up construction debris. As time goes by, more and more trashes are piled up and highly toxic methane gas builds up, as trash decomposes. This when its start to builds up a trash smell. Any water that’s in the trash or any rain or snow that sips through the cover start to trickle down through the garbage, when water and trash mixed they create a poisonous soup which is called LEACHATE. Leachate contains all the dangerous stuff on what people throw, such as ten thousand chemicals, heavy metal and toxic materials that are present at electronic batteries, prescription drugs and plastics. Now, the leachate continuous to poisons, trickles through the trash and eventually settles at the bottom. One set of pipes collects the liquid and take it to the collection tank and another set of pipes collect and diverts the toxic gases. However, only some other gas gets captured by the pipe of the landfill. The rest escapes into the air that rants odour in town and an air borne toxic that has been showed up travel over 3 miles from the site