...Leadership trait theories attempt to explain distinctive characteristics accounting for leadership effectiveness. Behavioural leadership theories attempt to explain distinctive style used by effective leaders to define the nature of their work. Behavioural research focus on finding ways to classify behaviour that facilitate our understanding of leadership. Both behavioural and trait theories attempt to find one best leadership style in all situations. In 1960s, leadership paradigm shifted to contingency leadership theories. Contingency leadership theory attempt to explain the appropriate leadership style based on the leaders, followers, and situations. In mid-to-late 1970s, the paradigm began to shift to the integrative. Integrative leadership theories attempt to combine the trait, behaviour, and contingency theories to explain successful, influencing leader-follower relationship. CONTIGENCY LEADERSHIP THEORIES Fred E. fiedler Contingency leadership model is used to determine if a person is task or relationship- oriented, and if the situation matches the leadership style to maximize performance. Framework: -determine the dominant leadership style(task/relationship) -determine situational favourableness. The degree in which a situation enables the leader to exert influence over the followers. Three variables to determine the favourableness. 1. leader-member relations 2. task structure.(the more structure the jobs are, the more favaourable the situation). 3. position...
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...VIRTOUS SPIRALLING The L.F.S model aptly captures the new thinking in Leadership studies. The efficacy of the model is found in its instruction that organisational effectivenesss is a function of the leader, followers and the situation within a strategic framework. Much as competencies and skills ( Hughes, Ginnet and Curphy, 2009:265 ) that can make a leader effective have been identified and prescribed, the quality followership and an understanding of the situations are germane to leadership and organisational success. One important definition of leadership is that a leader achieves the set goals of especially an organised group by the leader influencing (Hughes, Ginnet and Curphy, 2009: 4) others.. This definition underscores the importance of the need for collaborative efforts in the achievement of great goals . Charismatic leadership often builds passion and galvanisethem into enthusisatically collaborating for the common good of all, even in the face of compelling diversity. Followers have been known to influence the process of leadership. In the same vein that leadership is complex, leadership situations can also be complex.. The external and organisational environment have continued to chang and influence leadership context. The potency of situation in leadership effectiveness and business succes is also underscored by the observation that the success of a leader in a context is not a guaurantee for the success of the same leader in a different context...
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...SUMMARY The healthcare industry is an ever changing system in which there is constant pressure for it to provide quality care while maintaining rising cost. The pressure exerted on a healthcare system is exemplified by managed healthcare. This type of care involves integrating and comprehensive systems of health care providers, insurance, companies and government programs. University Hospital is a very large teaching hospital which scores well on accreditation tests and is known for its high quality level of care. Like all hospitals, they need to work on improving their financial situation. In order to alleviate financial stress, the hospital has taken on a “differentiated nursing practice” which has registered nurses as care coordinators. These care coordinators would be in charge of coordinating patient care from admissions to discharge. These nurses will also communicate with other hospital staff and families of the patients. The nurses selected are considered the best in their field. This case study argues that while this may sound like a good change, but these nurses were traditionally trained and may not be fully able to embrace the new system. They now must talk to people they have never interacted with before and without training this could be a difficult change process. These nurses were told they could design their own job in the “best way possible”. An individual is asked to step in to help the leaders of the nursing department especially the care coordinators and...
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...------------------------------------------------- Signature of Student……………………………………Date:……………………………… For office use only: Date scanned and returned to student……………………………………………………. TABLE OF CONTENTS Page 1. Question 1 Motivation 2 1.1 Lessons about staff motivation 2 1.2 Details of motivation theory 3 2. Question 2 Conflict and negotiations 4 2.1 Identification of conflicts 4 2.2 Overall nature of conflict 5 2.3 Possible ways of dealing with conflict 6 2.4 Best way to resolve the conflict 8 2.5 Avoiding a conflict 10 3. Question 3: The Perils of Leadership 11 3.1 “Experts cannot agree if leadership is a trait, a characteristic, a role, a style, or an ability” 11 3.1.1 Definition of leadership 11 3.1.2 Strengths and weaknesses of the trait theories of leadership 11 3.2 Contingency leadership theories 13 3.3 Contention that sometimes leadership is irrelevant 20 4. Question 4: Groups and Teams 22 4.1 Identify and explain groups or teams 22 4.2 Lessons learnt from work experience 23 4.3 Advise on course of action to take 24 5. Bibliography or list of references 25 Question 1 Motivation 1.1 Lessons about staff motivation from the work practices of Uddevalla The people at Uddevalla were demotivated because of the anomaly of the working situation, which was as following: * In the assembly shops, the organization structure was flat, and for a very long...
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...Professor, Helsinki School of Economics/CKIR © Yves Doz, Mikko Kosonen, 2007 Professor Yves Doz INSEAD Sources of Sustained Growth and High Performance • Clear Focus • We should have a clear vision for the future of our core business • We should have a sustained effort at maximally leveraging our core business • We should have a tight focus on continuous improvement • We should have a leadership position in everything we do • High Efficiency • We should have strong business units with sufficient autonomy as they grow • We should have highly efficient business systems and processes • We should have deep collaborative relationships with our key customers and partners • Quick Commitment • We should have clear charters for all organizational units • We should have strong and experienced leaders with proven track record © Yves Doz, Mikko Kosonen, 2007 Single-minded attention to ‘clear direction and focus leads to… Driver •Clear vision for the future of our core business •Sustained effort at maximally leveraging our core business •Tight focus on continuous improvement •Leadership position in everything we do •High action orientation and self-confidence Consequence •Considering everything outside the core as nonrelevant •Framing everything in the light of the core business •Short term internal orientation •Reluctance to open collaboration and experimentation •Action hero syndrome, no time and interest for alternatives Toxic side-effect •Tunnel vision •Tyranny of the...
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...CASE STUDY SUBJECT: PRINCIPLE OF MANAGEMENT GROUP MEMBERS DETAIL AND THEIR PART: * FAHAD ISLAM (27372) Question # 1 * ANEELA MUMTAZ (28799) Question # 2 * MUHAMMAD MADNI () Question # 3 * AMIR JAMIL (28801) Question # 4 Submit to: WaqasRana BRIEF INTRODUCTION OF SEMCO GROUP OF SAO PAULO: Semco was founded in 1953 in Sao Paolo (Brazil) by Antonio Curt Semler, an Austrian-born engineer. It was rigidly hierarchical company with rules and policies for everything. The company made several products, but was mostly known for its marine pumps. 90% of the sales were to the Brasilian shipbuilding industry. Antonio’s son Ricardo joined the company when he was 19 and clashed with his father’s traditional autocratic style of management. The younger Semler thought the company got too much business from one industry, was too rigid, and needed better financial practices. His father refused to allow changes. Ricardo threatened to leave the company. Then Antonio Semler resigned as CEO and vested majority ownership in his 21-year-old son in 1980. One of Ricardo’s first official acts was to fire 60% of the executives, many of whom were his father's friends, and all the secretaries. New CEO began implementing a diversification strategy and changing the way business was done. A fainting spell when he was 25 made him think about a better work-life balance for himself and his employees. Semco’s workers proposed to take a pay cut, but with three conditions: the profit-sharing...
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...“GE’s GLOBAL VIRTUAL TEAM WANTS TO REAP THE WIND” |MODULE M 5 CREATING HIGH PERFORMANCE PROJECT AND PROCESS TEAMS | |OB in Action Case Study 1. Executive Summary OB in Action Case Study GE’s Global Virtual Team Wants to Reap the Wind. PART A 1. Question 1 A definition of groups and teams is contrasted within the views of three current authors in this report to provide a model for understanding the nature of groups and teams in organisations. It begins by defining the various types of groups and teams, reasons for their formation, and characteristics of groups and teams, a summary of objectives is defined. OBJECTIVES : 1. Describe the various groups in organisations 2. Stages of group development 3. Characteristics of effective work groups 4. Describing various teams that exist in organisations 5. Characteristics of effective teams Differences of the above objectives between the three authors will be clarified to determine an understanding of how each author arrives at concluding how groups and teams serve organisations. Authors: Stephen P. Robbins, Timothy A. Judge; Gibson, Ivancevich, Donnely, Konopaske; Andrew J. DuBrin. OB in Action Case Study GE’s Global Virtual Team Wants to Reap the Wind. VARIOUS GROUPS IN ORGANISATIONS P. Robbins, A. Judge define groups as two or more individuals, interacting and interdependent who come together to achieve particular...
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...“GE’s GLOBAL VIRTUAL TEAM WANTS TO REAP THE WIND” |MODULE M 5 CREATING HIGH PERFORMANCE PROJECT AND PROCESS TEAMS | |OB in Action Case Study 1. Executive Summary General Electric Co is setting out to apply considerable financial and technological innovation to the field of wind energy. James Lyons in charge of sourcing talent from around the world has the task of forming a team that is culturally diverse and innovative enough to design and research new techniques for developing alternative methods of harnessing wind energy. In question within this case study is the application of teamwork competencies to maximise efficiency and effectiveness in achieving specific outcomes for developing solutions. Different methods of effective group performance are discussed and elaborated upon as well as the interaction of the leader in establishing guiding principles in getting results. Contrasted within this report are the views and opinions of 3 different authors in defining group and teams within organizational behaviour, describing the various groups found in organizations, stages of group development, characteristics of effective work groups and teams. Factors that may be attributed to possible failure and the various contingency factors that have a direct relationship to a leader’s behaviour in particular to achieving specific outcomes are also discussed. OB in Action Case Study GE’s Global Virtual...
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...Business Unit 3: Organizations and Behaviour Assessment Subject: Facebook and Google Organisation and Behaviour Instructor: Asma Asrar Qureshi Assessed Students: Stoyan Dimitrov Florinela Neagu Nicoleta-Ana Bostaca Geranimo Bostaca Table of content that are all making reference to Facebook and Google organisations: 1. Comparing and contrasting the differences in organisational structures and behaviours. 2. Explaining the impact on performance of the business regarding organisation structure and culture 3. Factors that are influencing the individual behaviour at work 4. The impact of different types of leadership in organisations 5. Explaining how organisational theory underpins the practice of management. 6. Evaluating the different approach to management used by different organisations. 7. Discussing the impact that different leadership style might have in organisations in periods of change. 8. Comparing the application of different motivational theories within the workplace. 9. Evaluating the usefulness of a motivation theory for managers. 10. Explaining the nature of groups and behaviour within organisations. 11. Discussing the factors that might promote or inhibit the development of effective teamwork in organisations. 12. Evaluating the impact of technology on team functioning within the organisation. Facebook and Google Organisational Structure One of the most important levels of the organization...
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...Numbers 4 functions of management 19 10 managerial roles 21 8 attributes of performance excellence 49 5 ingredients of learning org 50 21st century manager 51 2 dimensions of environmental uncertainty 91 4 absolutes of management for total quality control 94 4 steps in control process 202 4 criteria of a good performance obj 207 A Administrators 17 Agenda setting 23 Administrative principles (Henri Fayol) 37 Administrative principles (Mary Parker) 37,38 Argyris’s theory of adult personality 43 Autonomy and entrepreneurship (att of perform excel) 49 Agile manufacturing 95 Absence of prejudice and discrimination (Mul org) 100 Afirmative action (Mana diver) 104 Action orientation (Plan benefits) 193 Advantage oriented (Plan benefits) 193 After-action review (controlling) 201 Asset management (info + finan control) 203 Area structures 252 Authority (dele + empower) 263 Accountability (dele + empower) 263 Authority and responsibility principle (dele + empower) 263 Advisory authority (org) 265 B Belief in human capital 13 Bureaucratic organization (Max Weber) 38 Bias toward action (att of perform excel) 49 Biculturalism 103 Benefits of planning 193 Budget 197 Benchmarking 199 Best practices 199 Benefit of MBO 207 Break-even analysis 209 Benefits of functional structures 250 Boundaryless organizations 258 C Corporate governance 9 Careers 9 Critical skills...
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...PROPOSAL FOR Ph.D. THESIS Area of Study MANAGEMENT IN THE LOCAL GOVERNMENT Proposed Title: FACTORS RELATED WITH THE IMPLEMENTATION OF MAINTAINING AND DEVELOPING COMPETENCIES IN THE MANAGEMENT OF HUMAN CAPITAL IN NEWLY ELECTED OFFICIALS IN LOCAL AUTHORITIES IN GREATER LONDON 1. Introduction: A new term for managing employment is Human Resource (HR) has gained rapid and widespread acceptance in worldwide. But still there is some ambiguity remains in between HR and traditional Personnel management. HRM’s main principle is “our human resources are our most important asset”. Others emphasize that it is all about matching employment practices to an organization’s strategy. Since the mid- 1980s, HRM has become very popular in the UK- in job titles, in conference programmes, in business courses in universities and colleges, and in the titles of lecturer posts, although the field of HRM is still in the process of forming (Hendry C., 1995). HRM is the role within an organization that spotlights on staffing of, management of, and given that direction for the people who occupied in the organization. The United States appears to be strewn with evidence of managerial failure. Whole industries – autos, steel, consumer electronics and others – have decreased victim to more aggressive, more efficient overseas competitors. The American economy is afflicted with stagnating productivity, high unemployment and the debilitating...
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...organization that focuses on recruitment of, management of, and providing direction for the people who work in the organization. HRM can be performed by line senior managers. A senior manager is responsible for overseeing and leading the work of a group of people. To the journal ‘Personnel Today’ who commissioning a series of articles introducing principles of Human Resource Management (HRM) I would like to contribute an article which related to senior managers and from other functional management areas trough success a business. The article entitled “To ensure the success of your business through effective human resource strategies”, and knowing how to help your staff to 'go green'. And the article is cover: 1. The definitions and comparison models of strategic HR management. 2. Second the importance of HRM. 3. The analysis of the framework. 4. How the strategies are developed. 5. The assessment of roles in HRM. A manager, who is generally the head of a department or functional area within an organization, has specific responsibilities depending on the needs of his or her organization. Human Resource Management Ensure the success of your business through effective Human Resource strategies To understand the role and importance of human resource management in achieving organisational effectiveness to define strategic human resource management and knowing the importance of human resource management in organisations by analyse the framework...
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...PESTEL Analysis Political Factor: Hong Kong was run as a laissez-faire economy under British colonial rule, and Hong Kong government continued using this system after the territory reverted to Chinese rule in 1997. The government announced the development for five tourism clusters to increase the attractiveness of Hong Kong to tourists including of Ocean Park. The mandate of Ocean Park Corporate was to manage Ocean Park as a public and recreational park and to provide facilities for education, recreational and conservation activities to the public on a self-financing basis. The Chinese government launched the individual Visit Scheme (IVS), lifting restrictions on the travel of mainlanders to Hong Kong in response to the impact of SARS. The scheme allowed mainlanders from designated cities to travel to Hong Kong in an individual capacity rather than only on a business visa or in a group tour as before. The government also reshuffled the Park’s board of directors and appointed new members to replace half of the board. Economic Factor: The park was dealt with the outbreak of the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS). As tourists shunned Hong Kong and Hong Kongers stayed home as much as they could, attendance at the Park fell by about 70%. Investors in the theme park industry had increasingly turned their eyes to Asia. Analysts forecasted industry growth for Asia at 5.7% between 2005 and 2009. Asia has population of more than 3.7 million. The management saw...
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...CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION 1.1 BACKGROUND TO THE STUDY Advertisement plays a vital role in the marketing of products as it provides a buying power for various product operations by affecting the behavior of consumers. Different media have been used for advertising products such as news papers, magazines and radio. Television however occupies an important place of products due to its extensive spread worldwide. In addition, television plays an important role on changing the consumer behavior and also provides new patterns for consumption. The present context of business organization is situated in increasingly complex, uncertain, and dynamic business environments with multiple realities based on various values, priorities, and requirements. As a result, the challenges demanded by globalization, increased competition, far-reaching socio-cultural and technological developments, and acceleration of changes are bringing about new complexities for organizations. Therefore sustenance of existing customers and attracting new ones in recent times has become a critical factor in business. In fact the seeming growth of many advertising industries is instructive of the fact that, complex and uncertain business environment has lead many organizations to device multifaceted approaches to market their products and services through various techniques of advertisements. Moreover, the essence of being in business by any business outfits...
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...PRINCIPLES OF MANAGEMENT lecture notes Document Transcript • 1. UNIT I OVERVIEW OF MANAGEMENT Definition - Management - Role of managers - Evolution of Management thought - Organization and the environmental factors – Trends and Challenges of Management in Global Scenario. 1 • 2. Management - as how the mind controls the human body and its function similar management (mind) controls the various activities ( human body) in the Organisation - Collection of physical equipments, 4 M’s in Organisation – Men, Machine, Materials, Money, and leads to nothing. For efficient and profitable functioning it is necessary that all these factors are put to work in a co- ordinated manner. Management Definition Management is the art of getting things done through others. Harold Koontz Def as “ Management is the process of designing and maintaining an environment in which individuals, working together in groups efficiently to accomplish selected aims” • Managers carry out their managerial function • Applies to any kind of Organisation •Applies to managers at all Organisational levels •Aim is to create a surplus •Concerned with productivity, implies effectiveness and efficiency •Mgt of 4 M’s in the Orgn – Men, Machine, Materials & money Characteristics of Management • Mgt is Universal • Mgt is dynamic • Mgt is a group of managers • Mgt is Purposeful • Mgt is goal oriented • Mgt is integrative Function • Mgt is a Social process • Mgt is a Multi-faceted discipline • Mgt is a continuous process...
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