...submission date is part of the objectives of university course assessments that is used to measure and make judgment on graduate qualities as demonstrated by the particular student (University of Ulster, 2012). The submission date gives a student a defined time period for research and compiling of the information for the assessment in question. This is instrumental in a student’s self-assessment of their progress as well as in appraising their abilities in relation to their course of study. The ability to work within the deadline provided by the submission date is an important determinant of whether a student is suited for the demands of their course of study (Harvey, 2012). As such, this aids both the student and the university in making progress decisions concerning the student such as which grade the student is to be awarded at a particular level of the course. Further, the deadline represents an invaluable contribution to the academic standards of the university as the submission date is in this case used to determine whether a student has attained the particular achievement level that reflects the academic standards of the university. The submission date of an assessment can therefore be used as a...
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...Code of Ethics for Nurses in Australia Developed under the auspices of Australian Nursing and Midwifery Council, Australian College of Nursing, Australian Nursing Federation Introduction This Code of Ethics for Nurses in Australia has been developed for the nursing profession in Australia. It is relevant to all nurses at all levels and areas of practice including those encompassing clinical, management,education and research 1 domains. This Code is framed by the principles and standards set forth in the United Nations’ Universal Declaration of Human Rights, International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights and International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights; the World Health Organization’s Constitution and publication series entitled Health and Human Rights; and the United Nations Development Programme Human Development Report 2 2004: Cultural liberty in today’s diverse world. In considering this Code and its companion, the Code of Professional Conduct for Nurses in Australia, it should be borne in mind that they are designed for multiple audiences: nurses; nursing students; people requiring or receiving nursing care; the community generally; employers of nurses; nursing regulatory authorities; and consumer protection agencies. It is also noteworthy that the concepts of ‘ethics’ and ‘morality’ are substantially the same and have been used interchangeably throughout this Code. This Code outlines the nursing profession’s commitment to respect, promote, protect...
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...Exxon Valdez Case Study Executive summary The ethical issues faced by management of corporations, and Exxon in particular, originate from the objective of cost cutting with the purpose of profit maximization. As was seen in Exxon’s case, where the disaster could have been prevented if the proper mechanisms and equipment were put in place. Conflict of interest is also a major ethical problem faced by management as well as employees in corporations, as human beings always look to benefit for themselves above others. Respect to others is another major aspect ethical aspect that should be present in organizations. Exxon Valdez allowed happenings which were seen as common practice. In any other situation this would taboo and not ethical. There was conflict of interest in the safety of the crew and the environment as seen with the emergency training and planning and the captaining skills which resulted in a natural disaster which should have been prevented. An analysis of the traits of a profession evidently suggests management would arguably not be classified as a profession. Ultimately managers therefore do not adhere to the same level of ethical standards as professionals. For Exxon managers to be ethically responsible in their commercial roles they need to find ways of balancing the needs of the company and satisfying their own personal interests with that of the organisation. One way of achieving this is to strictly adhere to the organisations...
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...Nursing ethics and law Name Institution’s name The case scenario involving Jazi, a patient admitted in ICU, depicts a number of both legal and ethical issues. The fact that Jazi was not involved in the decision making process regarding his treatment option has resulted to professional and moral questions on whether it was right or wrong. Inherently, this paper identifies the ethical and legal issues that results from the actions of the nurses, and the doctor with regard to Jazi condition. Legal issues Legal Issues | Facts supporting / refuting | Further information which needs consideration | * NFR directive | * Nurses should have worked on the verbal order | * Why did the nurses not follow up with the doctor on the NFR directive? | * Decision making process involvement | * The nurses did not involve the patient in decision making process (Matt, 2012). | * Why did the nurses continued with their duty despite their knowledge of the mistake? | * Negligence | * The nurses owed the Jazi duty of care, | * Why did the nurses not follow up with the doctor on the NFR directive and provide the required care? | Ethical issues Principle | Explanation | Independence | The scenario reveals Jazi's autonomy breached since he was not involved in the decision making process regarding his treatment options (Ghaye, Gillespie & Lillyman, 2000). | Moral duty | The nurses have the moral duty to ensure the well being of the patient, and so they...
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...The changing role of women in Australia has come about largely through waves of feminism. The first wave brought women the vote in federal and State elections. The colonies began to grant manhood suffrage halfway through the nineteenth century, however, women were not included in the begining. When Australia reached Federation in 1901, it was agreed that all women should be given the vote at a federal level since women from South Australia and Western Australia already had a State vote. In 1902 all women were given the vote in federal elections except for those who were Indigenous Australians, or of Asian, African or Pacific Islander descent. Despite the enfranchisement, no woman was elected to an Australian parliament until 1921. The first federal female parliamentarians were not elected until 1943. This is just one example of how enfranchisement fell short of truly improving the lives of Australian women or changing attitudes about them. Women were still seen as nurturers who had no other destiny than to marry and raise children. The few women who did work (excluding the wealthy who were involved in voluntary work) not only had to find paid work, but also had to carry the burden of all housework and child-rearing. The notion of what jobs a woman could do expanded during World War I, but women's role in public life was still very limited. Factors which brought about the women's movement Contrary to popular belief, women's groups and activists remained active throughout the...
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...Abstract The problem question for this research is: Barriers to Gender Equality in the Botswana Legal establishment: A critical analysis. The purpose of the study is to examine the extent of gender disparities in the legal profession in Botswana as well as elucidating on the social-economic and political forces giving rise to such differences. It is a theoretical desktop study, reviewing the battle between men and women in the legal profession: men determined to maintain a strangle hold on the legal profession, and women struggling to enter the professions. One of the most dramatic changes in the legal profession in recent years has been the influx of women. In many countries women now constitute close to half of all law students, although it will be the turn of the century before this representation is fully mirrored among practitioners. In this paper, we make an analysis of the barriers to gender equality between first and third world countries. We try understand the reason why there is a gender gap in the legal establishment in countries such as the United States of America, Canada and Australia, entry into the so-called-learned profession has been a march in developed countries with very low or limited discrimination as compared to the third world country of Botswana. INTRODUCTION Barriers to women’s entry into the legal profession seem to have disappeared. Over the past decade the number of women graduating from law school and practicing law has grown enormously in...
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...Couples Wishing to Undergo IVF Treatment Should Be Awarded the Legal Right to Choose the Sex of Their Child: Abstract: Sex selection, also known as gender selection, has attracted great interest and controversy over the years. Gender selection has been associated with a number of ethical, moral, social and legal issues. Sex selection may be performed for medical reasons to avoid sex-linked diseases or for parental preference. The topics I will be covering include eugenics, beneficence, utilitarianism and pre-genetic screening in regards to sex linked diseases. Eugenics can be defined as the study or belief in the possibility of improving the qualities of the human species. In the context of IVF, treatment positive eugenics encourages reproduction by implantation of healthy embryos with inheritable desirable traits and negative eugenics seeks to identify and dispose of embryos found to carry undesirable inheritable traits. Introduction: Utilitarianism in the context of IVF sex selection and genetic screening is defined by the principle of utility, which seeks to judge moral rules, actions and behaviors based on their consequences. Where an action produces the best possible outcome, that being the greatest good for the greatest number it is seen as ethical and moral. Therefore, the testing, screening and disposal of genetically impaired embryos and implantation of only healthy and preferred embryos is justifiable because the outcome...
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...CAREER GUIDE TO THE LEGAL PROFESSION INDEX Page 1 THE ADMINISTRATION OF JUSTICE IN SOUTH AFRICA.......................2 2 THE LEGAL PROFESSION ...............................................................................5 3 THE ATTORNEYS’ PROFESSION...................................................................7 4 ADMISSION OF ATTORNEYS / SOLICITORS FROM OTHER COUNTRIES ...........................................................................15 5 THE ADVOCATES' PROFESSION .................................................................19 6 THE LEGAL ADVISER ....................................................................................21 7 CAREERS OFFERED BY THE DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE ...................22 8. ANNEXURE ‘A’ ................................................................................................29 1. THE ADMINISTRATION OF JUSTICE IN SOUTH AFRICA The legal administration, i.e. those persons and institutions involved in the application and execution of the law and the judgments of the Court, is no less essential to the administration of justice than is the law, and is as much part of our legal heritage as the law itself.1 The legal administration in South Africa is comprised of: 1.1. The Courts: i) ii) iii) iv) v) vi) vii) viii) ix) x) xi) xii) xiii) xiv) Constitutional Court; Supreme Court of Appeal; High Court; Labour Appeal Court; Labour Court; Land Claims Court; Special...
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...Nonprofit Scientific Publisher, 55, 573-5 Deacon, D., & Fenton, N. (1999). From inception to reception: The natural history of a news item. Media, Culture & Society, 21(1), 5. Retrieved from EBSCO host database16-12-15. Fetzer, A. (2002). Micro Situations and Macro Structures: Natural-Language Communication and Context. Foundations Of Science, 7(3), 255-291. Retrieved from EBSCO host database 16-12-15. Howard, J. The Liberal Tradition: The Beliefs and Values Which Guide the Federal Government, 1996 Sir Robert Menzies Lecture. Sir Robert Menzies Lecture Trust. Retrieved from http://www.menzieslecture.org/1996.html 17-12-15. Kossen, C. Kiernan, E. and Lawrence, J. (2013). Communicating for success (1st ed.). Frenchs Forest, N.S.W. Pearson Australia. Gibbons, J. (1994) (edited). Language and the Law, New York, London, Longman. Phillip, M. (1993). Sweet Water Stolen Land. St.Lucia, Qld: University of Queensland...
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...AUSTRALIAN LEGAL SYSTEM IN CONTEXT BLB1101 Semester 1 2014 Table of contents Topic Page number Unit rationale and learning outcomes 3 Calendars – lectures and tutorial workshops 4 Tutorial workshop exercises 5-11 Assessment information 12-23 Assessment tasks 12 Part 1 – VCAT and Applied law 12 Part 2 – VCAT and Contextual analysis 13 Hypothetical Case Studies 15 • Residential Tenancies List 15 • Planning and Environment List 18 • Anti-Discrimination list 20 Assessment criteria 22 Reading guide 24-28 Su Robertson, Unit Coordinator su.robertson@vu.edu.au 9919 1823 Unit rationale BLB1101 Australian Legal System in Context: • Provides you with a working foundation in the technical structure of Australian legal systems, using applied practical teaching and learning methods; • Exposes you to ways of making sense of Australian legal systems in a legal academic way using the themes of economics, sustainability, race and gender; • Inducts you in the ways of the lawyer, including appropriate language use and structure, ethics and legal professional behaviour, using reflective, applied and theory-based teaching and learning methods. Learning outcomes Upon successful completion of BLB1101, you will: • Be able to identify and understand the components of Australian legal systems, how these components intersect and interact, and how lawyers use these systems; • Be able to identify and use the language...
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...warranted a Royal Commission investigation and also recorded the biggest corporate collapse in Australia's history. Corporate failures of similar magnitude such as Enron and Parmalat have occurred elsewhere and sparked large scale investigation and media scrutiny. In all of these corporate failures, the level or absence of disclosure has had a lot to do with the unexpectedness of the collapse. This paper analyses the HIH collapse within a Foucaldian framework to demonstrate the need for accountants and auditors to work together so as to avoid criticism of the profession arising from unexpected corporate failures in the future. INTRODUCTION The purpose of this paper is to analyse the collapse of HIH and the role of its auditor, Andersen, within a Foucauldian framework encompassing archeology and genealogy of power and knowledge. The mythical Jedi force is used as a metaphor for power attained by the accounting profession through its claim to superior knowledge and skill to be applied in the public interest. Accordingly, the force includes professional ethics. The dark side is used as a metaphor for the collapse of HIH because accounting standards and practices, the accounting profession's power base, were used to conceal impending collapse resulting in the escalation of losses to policy holders, creditors and the general public. Regulatory responses to the Royal Commission into the collapse of HIH are viewed for purposes of this paper as the return of the Jedi in that the Corporate...
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...Amber Lopez English Composition 1 The World’s Oldest Profession It is the world’s oldest profession and you’d think that at some point in time society would have accepted it. However, not only is prostitution still not legalized in the United States, but it is not even accepted as a profession worth having. Why? What are reasons so terrible that this profession shouldn’t be legalized? Let me clarify, by identifying what I mean by prostitution. By definition, prostitution is the act of performing sex and/or sexual acts in exchange for some kind of compensation, but the part that needs to be clarified is by whom this exchange is happening between. This exchange should only happen between two consenting adults. Adult meaning that under the law a person is of legal and consenting age. The way that everyone is looking at prostitution is biased to the negatives. Many argue that prostitution is morally wrong, that by legalizing prostitution you are in turn condoning sex trafficking, that rape and violence are more prone to happen, and the list goes on and on. However, the list goes on and on about why it would be a positive change to legalize it as well. Not only are there ways to refute some of the arguments made against prostitution, but there are also positive outcomes that can result from legalizing prostitution in the U.S. There is a booming business waiting to emerge from prostitution here in the U.S. You have potential business owners, plenty of employees, and a surplus...
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...Professional Conduct for Nurses in Australia Introduction Professional conduct refers to the manner in which a person behaves while acting in a professional capacity. It is generally accepted that when performing their duties and conducting their affairs professionals will uphold exemplary standards of conduct, commonly taken to mean standards not generally expected of lay people or the 1 ‘ordinary person in the street’. The Code of Professional Conduct for Nurses in Australia is supported by the Code of Ethics for Nurses in Australia. This Code of Professional Conduct for Nurses sets the minimum standards for practice a professional person is expected to uphold both within and outside of professional domains in order to ensure the ‘good standing’ of the nursing profession. These two companion Codes, together with other published practice standards (e.g. competency standards, decisionmaking frameworks, guidelines and position statements), provide a framework for legally and professionally accountable and responsible nursing practice in all clinical, 2 management, education and research domains. The support and assistance of Royal College of Nursing (unified with The College of Nursing on 1 July 2012 to become Australian College of Nursing) and the Australian Nursing Federation in developing this edition of the Code of Professional Conduct for Nurses in Australia is acknowledged. In considering this Code and the Code of Ethics for Nurses in Australia, it should be borne in mind that...
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...Introduction The concept of global financial crisis (GFC) is not concept that has emerged recently. In fact, GFC dates back to the period of Great Depression in the 1930’s changing the perception that market failures and other economic factors affect the way businesses operate. The global financial crisis (GFC) of 2007-2009 resulted due to risky lending and increased loan defaults especially in the housing sector. A significant number of questions rose about the stability and policies that regulated the market. Among the many attributes of the market, major factors that contributed to the downfall relates to macroeconomic trends, market failures and regulatory failures. While several years have passed since the occurrence of the crisis, the United States of America is still recovering from events that saw the collapse of Bear Stearns, a mortgage under-writer in US 2007, Lehman Brothers (2008) and the near collapse of AIG Insurance. It is believed that the GFC of 2007 was the worst financial crisis of recent times. The US market plunged right into the recessionary periods and large multi-national companies struggled to keep up with the market conditions. Also known as, the burst of the financial bubble, governments realized the lack of regulations to control the market. These regulations related to accounting policies, auditing policies and more stringent rules as responses to major corporate collapses and upheavals in the financial sector. The introduction of Sarbanes-Oxley...
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...reads. Consistency in these three items is key to a good case study. 2. Draw your reader in with a unique title. It should attract the reader and make them want to read more. 3. Begin writing the paper. Start by identifying the problem that is being explored in the case study. 4. Explore the problem, including cause, effect and theory. Give as much background as possible. 5. Discuss the possible solution, and/or how this issue was specifically resolved. Tell what methods were used in the process. 6. Describe benefits of the study. Tell how the benefits overall affect the group to which your case study is aimed. 7. Utilize the general-to-specific-to-general approach. This is the approach to use because it draws the reader in, demonstrates a specific example, and then shows how it applies to the group as a whole. It also shows the reader how they can address their own problem this way. Tips & Warnings • Use facts and numbers where possible. This is specifically aimed at the benefits portion of the case study. Potential readers will be compelled with the numbers and how they are affected by them and remain interested. • Use photos if necessary. If photos are used, be sure they are professionally done so as to not sully the quality of the case study. • Have an executive sign off on your case study when complete, if possible. It increases the credibility of your case study. • Format your paper in an easy to read format like...
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