...Describe and explain how and why the London Docklands were in need of rebranding Rebranding is “a change of image through the development of a marketing strategy.” The London Docklands needed rebranding because it in decline and couldn’t get out of the spiral of decay. This was occurring in the 1970s. A major reason why the Docklands were in decline was because of containerisation. This meant that the London Docks and the River Thames were not large enough for the sheer size of the new ships. As the ships couldn’t get into the docks trade and transport were restricted. Furthermore, the export and import opportunity ended up with other areas such as Felixstowe and Tilbury so therefore the Docklands were making massive losses. So since this industry was lost for the Docklands, the spiral of decay began, many people became unemployed. In 1985 there was 7600 people unemployed which was more than the half the population as the population was only 15500 people. This clearly shows how much the Docklands has suffered due to decline because the population in 1900 was 21000. Further factors of why the Docklands needed rebranding was that there were many narrow roads and high levels of congestion meaning that accessibility and transport was poor. Also the high levels of unemployment lead to an increase crime as people didn’t have disposable income. This also meant that poverty levels were at an all-time high above 50%. This further leads to fewer people leaving education with qualifications...
Words: 721 - Pages: 3
...With reference to examples, evaluate the success or otherwise of urban regeneration schemes in combating the causes and consequences of urban decline (40) Urban decline is defined as the deterioration of the inner city. It is normally caused by a lack of investment and maintenance as well as social reasons and government policy and these declining areas are characterised by the low economic status, social and environmental decline and problems. Even with this decline, there are ways of regenerating the inner city, such as Urban Development Corporations and City Partnerships. The de-industrialisation of UK inner cities led to unemployment in the area, meaning there was a lack of disposable income and therefore and therefore a lack of expenditure in the local economy. This decreased income and expenditure means that rent prices would be lowered in the area and therefore landlords would not be motivated to carry out repairs and refurbishments, leading to a decline in the standard of living as well. The lack of expenditure meant that mass disinvestment from local businesses occurred as they decided to move to more prosperous areas to further their business ventures. This in turn creates more unemployment and a further lack in expenditure and more disinvestment; and the cycle continues. The local government collect less tax, while in turn having to shell out more in unemployment benefits, leading to further economic decline in the area, as well as a physical decline. This pushes...
Words: 2684 - Pages: 11
...kind of development, whereby private companies make the decisions and are given benefits (such as tax breaks) is known as market led regeneration. One of the main and most important merits from market led regeneration is the economic growth and prosperity which often flourishes, one reason for this is that there are less restrictions on MNC’s and TNCs (Trans National Companies and Multi National Companies) to trade and outsource their labour force. Consequently the home country of an MNC or TNC will benefit largely from taxes sent back which will be higher due to greater profit margins made by these corporations. Even other countries and communities will benefit greatly due to many jobs being provided reducing unemployment rate. An example of de-regulation and promoting trade is the international business hub of London, in previous years 1970 – 1990 there was serious development on promoting free trade and de-regulation done by Margaret Thatcher. This involved the re-construction of the entire railway line, as well as non international (domestic) incentives offered to businesses such as tax benefits etc. Additionally transport developments known as infrastructure have been completed to ensure that commuters can get to work which includes as previously mentioned; railways (Docklands Light Railway) a surface rail which covers most of the Docklands area. What initially stimulated all this growth was the construction of Canary Wharf and the billions of FDI invested into London, one...
Words: 526 - Pages: 3
...east of the City of London in England. The area covered by the London Docklands Redevelopment Corporation stretches from Wapping and Tower Bridge in the west to The City Airport and Becckton in the east, and is built on the legacy of the trading power of the British Empire. Explain why the “East End” (Docklands area!) fell into decline After World War 2 London experienced net outward migration where people moved out of the city into surrounding towns and villages. This is known as counter-urbanisation. It was caused by the clearances of slums and bomb damaged areas. It was also down to the green belt, an area of land around London where development was banned or restricted, this meant people had to move further away. It was then found that there was a rapid increase in the amount of people moving to towns and villages around London, mainly commuters and there families. Following on from this came De-industrialisation. Most of the factories being in and round the docks due to materials passing through the docks themselves. After the 1980’s Thatcher’s government shut down most of the mines as it was too costly, therefore factories that relied on materials from mines and other sources no longer got them, so moved abroad where labour and materials were cheaper and more accessible like China. The end of the docks came quickly around 1960 and 1970. And by 1980, all of London's docks were closed, leaving around eight square miles of derelict land in East London. Unemployment was high...
Words: 1258 - Pages: 6
... Ashaiman Email: mgmarvid@gmail.com Mobile: 0246255144 ------------------------------------------------- EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND University for Development Studies (from 2007-2011) Wenchi Meth.Snr High Sch. (from 2001-2004) ------------------------------------------------- RELEVANT COURSES OFFERED Water and Sanitation, Population Studies, Transportation Studies, Community Mobilization, Biodiversity Conservation ------------------------------------------------- QUALIFICATION Bachelor of Art (BA). Integrated Development studies (Environment and Resource Studies) Option Senior Secondary school Certificate Examination (SSSCE) by West African Examination Council (WEAC) PROGRAM OFFERED: Social Science and General Arts ------------------------------------------------- WORK EXPERIENCE Teaching: Future Leaders International School (Wenchi) Under the National Youth Employment Program Field Worker (Enumerator): Wenchi Mutual Health Insurance Scheme (Data Collection and registration of new members) Internship: Adventist Development and Relief Agency (ADRA) - WA U/W/R (Given intensive Training and Workshop to members as well as monitoring and Evaluation Fieldworker: Integrated Third Trimester Field Practical Program by U.D.S Under a 3 year Post Trimester Field Practical Program in community profiling, community development, and proposal writing for developmental intervention. Fieldworker: Data collection of communities with boreholes constructed under the sponsorship of...
Words: 716 - Pages: 3
...The 2012 London Olympics is scheduled to be one of the most spectacular games in addition to being held in one of the world’s best cities. The Olympics is undeniably one of the greatest sporting events on earth. In order to ensure that the visitors are treated to the arrays of entertainment and eventful sporting event in addition to bringing benefits to the Londoners, the Mayor of London and the Greater London Authority (GLA) has put in place measures and priorities to develop London in readiness for this event. Among the most important items on the planning agenda is environmental sustainability (Stallone, 2005). An independent body, Commission for a Sustainable London 2012, has already been established to monitor and assure the sustainability of the 2012 Olympic Games. The 2012 Summer Olympics plan for the environment is designed and focused on four main areas. These include waste management, reduction of carbon emissions, promotion of environmental awareness, and biodiversity. Other environmental measures include being committed to minimizing the construction effects to both individuals and the community. These duties and responsibilities lie at the hands of the Greater London Authority (GLA) and the Mayor of London. Powers and Responsibilities of the Mayor and the GLA The Greater London Authority is a strategic administrative body that is vested with powers and responsibilities aimed at the development of London. The GLA has responsibilities that are categorized in three...
Words: 3026 - Pages: 13
...reality. As women gain political and social ground, beauty ideals are held to higher extremes of slenderness and perfection. Another social force for clients is they face uncertainty of changing consumer desires as they are highlighting the importance of healthy lifestyles and body types. Demographics For fashion models age is a very strong factor in the selection process. Models are usually discovered between the ages of 12 to 20 by agents or scouts. High fashion modeling agencies often demand height and body shape requirements and have strong preferences for standards. With cultural diversification of the Western world, ethnic diversity is becoming an important factor for all people in the modeling industry. Moreover, various races and backgrounds are becoming progressively noticeable. Anita Norris needs to be aware of the changing demographic trends in the modeling industry Technological Factors With the internet and digital technology, global networks of scouts and agencies have unlimited access to clients and models around the world. Agents are able to snap pictures and videos on digital cameras, and they can email these as virtual casting packages to clients anywhere around the globe. The modeling industry has benefited considerably from the start of the internet. Many of...
Words: 2018 - Pages: 9
...Business Foundation prohibits any form of reproduction, storage or transmission without its written permission. Reproduction of this material is not covered under authorization by any reproduction rights organization. To order copies or request permission to reproduce materials, contact Ivey Publishing, Richard Ivey School of Business Foundation, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada, N6A 3K7; phone (519) 661-3208; fax (519) 661-3882; e-mail cases@ivey.uwo.ca. Copyright © 2010, Richard Ivey School of Business Foundation Version: (A) 2010-09-10 On March 17, 2010, Anita Norris, owner of Anita Norris Model Management (ANMM) of London, Ontario was contemplating the future of her business. In the two years since Norris started ANMM, the business had grown quickly through her efforts to pursue any revenue stream that presented itself. Although Norris welcomed ANMM’s success, she believed that continuing to operate in this manner would stretch her business model too thinly. ANMM’s current revenues came from four sources: modeling workshops, signing and booking models, model development, and speaking fees. Norris now wanted to develop a strategy that would focus her business and allow her to spend most of her time...
Words: 7564 - Pages: 31
...Cheap escorts in London specialize in proving sexy beautiful girls at a bargain price. London city is culturally vibrant in view of the fact that it is a point of transacting diverse businesses. The presence of London escorts has fundamentally transformed the economy by generating substantial revenue for the municipality in the city. Sexually appealing women in the city plays a vital role more especially in attracting more investors as well as businesspersons towards the region. Escorts come in purposely to keep the investors and businesspersons busy during long trips. London city is described as a successful social scene both locally and globally given that a sexual relationship between the girls and the tourist deliberately to generate revenue. According to the World Tourism Organization, which is a specialized agency of the United Nation, defines sexual relationship as a commercial business between the tourists and the residents. As a point of fact, residents participating in sexually activities raise their living standards through these businesses. In addition, sex tourism is also beneficial to other various service industries such as airline, taxi, and restaurants as well as hotel industries. People consider this business as the most extremely undesirable job given that it improves the economy of the country....
Words: 507 - Pages: 3
...Teenage Pregnancy Unit Teenage pregnancy: an overview of the research evidence Introduction In 1999 the government’s ten-year national Teenage Pregnancy Strategy was launched. The main aims of the strategy are to: • Reduce the rate of teenage conceptions with the specific aim of halving the rate of conceptions among under-18s, and to set a firmly established downward trend in the rate of conceptions among under-16s, by 2010 • Increase the participation of teenage parents in education, training and employment to 60% by 2010, to reduce their risk of long-term social exclusion. This briefing presents headline findings from key research relating to teenage pregnancy and parenthood which has emerged (mainly) since the launch of the strategy. The topics covered include research on young people’s sexual behaviour; sources of sex and relationships information; what works in preventing teenage pregnancy; who is at risk of becoming a teenage parent; how to support teenage parents, and many more. It draws on a range of sources including systematic reviews of the effectiveness of prevention and support interventions, national surveys and primary research studies. The emphasis is on the UK and specifically English research. It was compiled by Catherine Dennison, Research Manager supporting the Teenage Pregnancy Unit. Although not representing a systematic or exhaustive search of the published literature, the briefing is intended to be of use to those engaged in implementing the Teenage...
Words: 7408 - Pages: 30
...Teenage Pregnancy Unit Teenage pregnancy: an overview of the research evidence Introduction In 1999 the government’s ten-year national Teenage Pregnancy Strategy was launched. The main aims of the strategy are to: • Reduce the rate of teenage conceptions with the specific aim of halving the rate of conceptions among under-18s, and to set a firmly established downward trend in the rate of conceptions among under-16s, by 2010 • Increase the participation of teenage parents in education, training and employment to 60% by 2010, to reduce their risk of long-term social exclusion. This briefing presents headline findings from key research relating to teenage pregnancy and parenthood which has emerged (mainly) since the launch of the strategy. The topics covered include research on young people’s sexual behaviour; sources of sex and relationships information; what works in preventing teenage pregnancy; who is at risk of becoming a teenage parent; how to support teenage parents, and many more. It draws on a range of sources including systematic reviews of the effectiveness of prevention and support interventions, national surveys and primary research studies. The emphasis is on the UK and specifically English research. It was compiled by Catherine Dennison, Research Manager supporting the Teenage Pregnancy Unit. Although not representing a systematic or exhaustive search of the published literature, the briefing is intended to be of use to those engaged in implementing the Teenage...
Words: 7408 - Pages: 30
...Kelo v. City of New London, 125 S. Ct. 2655 (2005). Facts: The city of New London, CT hired an independent agency to revitalized one of its waterfront properties. This revitalization was intended to create jobs and generate tax revenue for the city. To accomplish this, the independent agency was given authority to acquire the properties by buying them or eminent domain. The independent agency acquired majority of the properties, but some property owners refused to sell. The lower court affirmed both sides, but the Connecticut Supreme Court sided with the city of New London, CT; claiming that it was in line with the Fifth Amendment. The US Supreme Court upheld the ruling of the Connecticut Supreme Court stating that the city’s actions were justified and there is no way to undermine their decision on what was considered “public use.” Legal Issue: Whether the city of New London, CT has the right to consider private property that is not blighted for economical purposes under “public use?” Legal Holding: In a five to four decision, the US Supreme Court declared that economical benefits resulting from redevelopment is considered as “public use” under the Fifth Amendment. Judges: Majority Judges “Opinion of the Court” Stevens, Author of Opinion The city of New London, CT revitalization plan met the requirements as “public use” under the Fifth Amendment. “Concurring” Kennedy, Souter, Ginsburg,...
Words: 655 - Pages: 3
...performance of an organization. Moreover, this paper describes the selected organizations approach of coaching for their employees to optimize the organizations performance management activities. For this paper, United States Office of Personnel Management (OPM), an independent agency of the United States government that manages the civil service of the federal government, is the organization I have chosen for this assignment. This paper also recommends practices or approaches of coaching to improve OPM’s current performance. At the same time, this paper constructs five best practices that aligns the organizations overall goals and vision that would maximize team-based performance at OPM. The selected organization’s approach to coaching as it relates to Stage 3: Proactive Coaching—Driven by a Business Need. Stage 3: Proactive Coaching— is driven by a business need as described in the text, Performance Management: Putting Research into Action, 1st Ed, Smither & London, this is the stage whereas organizations are at the third level of a continuum that typically uses coaching in an “organized, planful fashion to address a specific business issue or need, such as accelerating high potential development, on-boarding new leaders, driving a change in culture, or facilitating integration following a merger or acquisition.” With the key factors being to benefit the organization overall, in addition to the individual participants. A defined criteria is normally determined by the organization...
Words: 2382 - Pages: 10
...Abstract This paper explores the origin of wire services, major new agencies providing those services, and the evolution of the service over its history. Wire services are necessary for the facilitation of news internationally. The methods of providing news from a wire service, or news agency, to other newspaper, periodical, radio, television, or other communication outlet has evolved throughout history. This paper explores the humble beginnings of wire services and highlights several of the major wire service providers, including Reuters, The Associated Press (AP), United Press International, Agence France Presse (AFP), and Bloomberg. The Evolution of Wire Services: Then and Now Wire services are integral components of international communication. Also referred to as a news agency, a wire service is an organization “that sends out syndicated news copy to subscribers by wire or by satellite transmission (Mish, 1997).” With origins dating back to the early 1850s (McPhail, 2010), wire services have not always conducted communication transfers with advanced technology like satellite transmissions. From telegraphy to teleprinters to radio, the process of getting news from a wire service to its dependent news and other providers has evolved substantially throughout the years. The conception and continued modernization of wire services can be attributed to various agency titans, including Reuters, The Associated Press (AP), United Press International, Agence France Presse (AFP)...
Words: 3472 - Pages: 14
...NEWLY ELECTED OFFICIALS IN LOCAL AUTHORITIES IN GREATER LONDON 1. Introduction: A new term for managing employment is Human Resource (HR) has gained rapid and widespread acceptance in worldwide. But still there is some ambiguity remains in between HR and traditional Personnel management. HRM’s main principle is “our human resources are our most important asset”. Others emphasize that it is all about matching employment practices to an organization’s strategy. Since the mid- 1980s, HRM has become very popular in the UK- in job titles, in conference programmes, in business courses in universities and colleges, and in the titles of lecturer posts, although the field of HRM is still in the process of forming (Hendry C., 1995). HRM is the role within an organization that spotlights on staffing of, management of, and given that direction for the people who occupied in the organization. The United States appears to be strewn with evidence of managerial failure. Whole industries – autos, steel, consumer electronics and others – have decreased victim to more aggressive, more efficient overseas competitors. The American economy is afflicted with stagnating productivity, high unemployment and the debilitating combination of surging inflation and high interest rates. The average age of the nation’s plant and equipment is about 20 years, twice as old as Japan’s. The rate of investment in research and development, the rate of new capital investment and the value of...
Words: 5611 - Pages: 23