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EJEMPLO DE TECNOLOGÍA DE GRUPOS
Un ejemplo muy claro de la tecnología de grupos es la fabricación de sillas, mesas y persianas de madera, ya que para su producción tienen en común los procesos de: Obtención de madera, cepillado, lijado, corte, montaje, acabado, encolado, torneado, pulido, barnizado, desbastado y empaque.
A continuación se muestran los procesos de fabricación de cada uno de los productos anteriormente mencionados.

PRODUCCIÓN DE SILLAS DE MADERA

DESCRIPCIÓN DEL PROCESO.
1. Molino de madera: Madera de buena calidad es comprada desde un aserradero. Después de ser colocada a una longitud, ancho, espesor, líneas y ángulos adecuados, esta es aserrada en tablas. La mayoría de aserradoras usan para este propósito sierras de corte, sierras de rasgado, sierras de banda o radiales. Después que la madera es cortada transversalmente, los bordes y la superficie de las tablas son cepilladas a la dimensión requerida. Este proceso también elimina defectos aparentes en las tablas. Las herramientas utilizadas en el proceso de cepillado de la madera son los cepillos de superficie simple y los cepillos de doble superficie.
2. Agrietado: Una vez que las tablas son cortadas, ajustadas, chaflanadas, biseladas y moldeadas, las huellas del cepillo y las marcas del molino son removidas y lijadas. Las tablas también pueden ser obtenidas de paneles contrachapados prensadas con pegamento por los bordes o las caras para producir una superficie suave y lisa. Cuando estos paneles son producidos adecuadamente, las distintas capas pegadas son tan resistentes como las producidas de madera sólida natural.
3. Cuarto de maquinado: Luego del molino de agrietado, la madera es pasada a través de un proceso de rasgado, corte transversal, aserrado radial, aserrado en surcos, montaje de la base de la silla, montaje de las clavijas, trabajo con dados, montaje del bastidor, recubrimiento, unión de lengüetas y surcos, perforado, lijado y tallado, así como también el lijado requerido para cada parte. El molino de alisado utiliza diferentes herramientas tales como afiladoras, sierras eléctricas, sierras de banda, espigas circulares y simples, máquinas perforadoras y máquinas talladoras de ranuras y varias lijadoras que pueden instalarse para formar las partes de la silla de acuerdo a los diferentes tipos de diseño y aplicaciones.
4. Molino de lijado: Con la finalidad de remover las marcas obtenidas del molino de alisado, las distintas partes de las sillas son lijadas por medio de lijadoras de potencia. Un lijado perfecto no sólo muestra la fibra de la madera, sino que también es útil para obtener un pintado de calidad.
5. Montaje: Cada una de las partes de las sillas son ensambladas por trabajadores semicalificados.
6. Molino de acabado: El acabado es una técnica altamente desarrollada que es aplicada a las superficies de las sillas para proteger y preservar la silla, además de darle belleza y efectos ornamentales. El equipo y los materiales para el acabado de las sillas pueden ser trementina, alcohol, laca, disolventes, lijas de papel, pinturas, esmaltes, etc.
7. Empaque: Las sillas acabadas son empaquetadas en cajas de cartón acanaladas y trasladadas al almacén para su posterior comercialización.

PRODUCCIÓN DE MESAS DE MADERA.
DESCRIPCIÓN DEL PROCESO.
1. Molino de madera.
2. Aserrado y cepillado: Maderas de buena calidad, que serán utilizadas en la producción de las mesas, son compradas desde un aserradero. Después de trazar adecuadamente la longitud, ancho y espesor, la madera es aserrada en tablas. La sierras más comunes para esta labor son la sierra de rasgado y corte, la sierra de trazado manual, y la sierra manual. Después que la madera es cortada transversalmente, la superficie, los bordes y los extremos de cada tabla es cepillada a las dimensiones requeridas. Este proceso también elimina los defectos aparentes en las tablas. Los cepillos más usados son los cepillos de superficie simple y los cepillos de doble superficie.
3. Desbastado: Una vez que las tablas son cortadas, ajustadas, chaflanadas, biseladas y talladas, las huellas del cepillo y las marcas del aserrado son removidas completamente por un proceso de lijado.
4. Encolado: Este proceso es realizado cuando se usan paneles de madera, cuando la parte superior de la mesa es de fibra de madera o de paneles contrachapados. Los paneles de madera pueden ser encolados por los bordes para aumentar su longitud o por los lados para aumentar su espesor. Cuando la parte superior de la mesa es fabricada adecuadamente y su encolado es preparado y aplicado correctamente, la unión es tan resistente como si fuera de madera sólida.
5. Pulido: Alrededor del 60% de la producción de las partes de la mesa es terminada en este proceso. Este proceso requiere de una técnica correcta, así como de muchas máquinas. La madera que viene del molino de desbastado es procesado por rasgado, corte transversal, aserrado radial, aserrado en surcos, trabajo con dados, aserrado acanalado, tallado, así como también perforado; esmerilado, lijado y entallado de espigas, según se requiera para cada parte. El molino de alisado usa diferentes herramientas tales como afiladoras, sierras eléctricas, sierras radiales, sierras manuales, cepillos, taladros y máquinas lijadoras para formar las distintas partes de la mesa de acuerdo al tipo de diseño y aplicación.
6. Torneado: Este torno es usado para modelar las partes de la mesa. El proceso básico del torneado consiste de un corte interior y central, mientras la madera es girada en una plataforma.
7. Montaje: Cada una de las piezas o partes de la mesa son montadas y ensambladas por trabajadores semi calificados.
8. Acabado: El acabado de la mesa es una técnica altamente desarrollada que consiste en la aplicación de protectores y preservantes en la superficie de la mesa. Además, también le da belleza y efectos ornamentales. Los materiales para el acabado de las mesas son trementina, alcohol, laca, disolventes, papel abrasivo, esmaltes y el equipo necesario para este proceso es la lijadora eléctrica.
PRODUCCIÓN DE PERSIANAS DE MADERA.

DESCRIPCIÓN DEL PROCESO.
1. Corte.
Las tiras de madera precortadas son llevadas a la máquina de corte que divide las tiras en tres piezas, cada una al tamaño necesario para producir persianas de madera.

2. Moldeado.
Luego las tiras son colocadas en la máquina de moldeado que las convierte al tamaño y forma deseada.
3. Corte longitudinal.
Después que las tiras son moldeadas, estas son atadas y cortadas en longitudes iguales por medio de una máquina de corte. La longitud exacta de las tiras varía de un lote a otro. Después de cortadas, las tiras son desatadas.
TEJEDURIA DE LAS PERSIANAS DE MADERA.
1. Conos de hilos, de cualquier tipo, son bobinados en los carretes de la máquina de tejer.
2. Luego las tiras pulidas son colocadas en la máquina de tejer que forma las persianas utilizando las tiras como trama y los hilos como urdimbre.
3. El producto semi acabado es secado hasta que su contenido de humedad sea menor del 20%.
4. Elaboración y empaque.
La elaboración y empaque de las persianas puede variar de acuerdo a los requerimientos del consumidor.

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