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Participation and Voting Behaviour
‘Low levels of turnout at recent general elections to the Westminster Parliament result from political apathy alone’ Discuss.

Political apathy is a state of passivity or indifference towards political institutions and their associated processes. This is linked to a decline in political participation at general elections. Turnout of around 60% in the 2001 and 2005 general elections were significantly lower than the post war average of 78%. It increased in 2010 but only to 65%. Political apathy is a factor contributing to low turnout at elections; however there are other contributing factors to a lack of turnout at general elections.
Political apathy is defined as the lack of interest in taking active in politics either by voting or been voted for or having no share in political activities. Reasons for political apathy are: bad governance, unfulfilled, promises, rigging, thuggery. An example of this is the 2010 expenses scandal therefore giving a majority of the population trust issues towards politician’s furthermore effecting turnout at elections.
In contrast to apathy there is hapathy. Hapathy is the ideas that voters may abstain from voting as a result of happiness with the way in which they are being governed and therefore don’t feel the need to cast a ballot. Research conducted on behalf of the Electoral Commission in 2005 showed that 29% of those who described themselves ‘satisfied with democracy’ did not cast a vote at the 2005 election. However the people who were ‘dissatisfied with democracy’ all 59% of them still turned out and voted at the election. This shows that hapathy isn’t a main contributing factor to general elections as it only affects a small amount of the population.
Turnout varies across social groups. It is highest among the elderly, Middle class and university educated people and higher in rural

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