...1-The Role of Standardization, Localization, Culture and Market Research in International Marketing Strategies Adamu Yushau Usumanu This Paper is Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the requirement for International Marketing Management course SMC University School of Management Dr. Babu P. George May 19 , 2014 Abstract The research paper discussed standardization and localization strategies, where standardization strategy refer to a common marketing program cutting across nations and marketing segments, while localization strategy seek to adapt products and marketing strategy to the specific characteristics of individual markets. The paper further identified the advantages and disadvantages of standardization and localization strategies in the context of international marketing. The role of cultural pattern in society and its effect on consumption were also discussed, where culture refer to a system of values and norms that are shared among a group of people. Cultural patterns exert a great influence on consumption in a social setting. The paper finally discussed the need for a business entity to carry out a research on differences in language culture, regulations governing marketing before entering a new international market. Key Words Marketing Strategy, Standardization, Localization,, International Marketing, Cultural Patterns, Marketing Mix, Market Research Introduction The discussions concerning...
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...A REPORT ON THE INTERNATIONAL MARKETING STRATEGIES USED BY GE COMPANY By barbradozier TABLE OF CONTENTS ABSTRACT……………………………………………………………………..……ii EXECUTIVE SUMMARY…………………………………………………………..iv INTRODUCTION……………………………………………………… ………….1 REPORT PROCEDURE…………………………………………………………..…1 THE 4 P’S……………………………………………………………………………2 PRODUCT……………………………………………… …….……2 PRICE………………………………………………………………..2 PLACE…………………………………………………………….…2 PROMOTION…………………………………………………….….2 SWOT ANALYSIS………………………………………………………………….3 STRENGTHS………………………………………………………..3 WEAKNESSES……………………………………………………..3 OPPORTUNITIES…………………………………………………..4 THREATS……………………………………………………………5 INTERNATIONAL MARKETING STRATEGIES BEING USED…………… …5 WAYS THAT CAN IMPROVE INTERNATIONAL STRATEGY………………..9 IMPORTANCE OF INTERNATIONAL MARKETING………………………….10 WAYS OF IMPROVING THE STRATEGIES……………………………………10 RECOMMENDATIONS……………………………………………………………11 CONCLUSION……………………………………………………………………..11 BIBILIOGRAPHY…………………………………………………………………13 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY This report examines the international marketing strategies used by General Electric Company in its quest to tap the international market. The purpose of the report is to provide the company with the information necessary to amend and improve on their marketing strategy. Over the years GER has highly diversified its operations and is now operating 11 major lines of businesses which include transportation, consumer finance, commercial finance, insurance and energy. It is also involved in healthcare,...
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...International Marketing 1 The Scope and Challenge of International Marketing Objectives What you should learn from Module 1 What is meant by international marketing. To understand the scope of the international marketing task To comprehend the importance of the self-reference criterion (SRC) in international marketing. To be able to identify and manage the factors influencing internationalisation of companies. To evaluate the progression of becoming an international marketer. To see how international marketing concepts influence international marketers. To appreciate the increasing importance of global awareness. 1.1 The Internationalisation of Business 1.2 International Marketing Defined 1.3 The International Marketing Task 1.4 Environmental Adjustment Needed 1.5 Self-reference Criterion: An Obstacle 1.6 Becoming International 1.7 International Marketing Orientations 1.8 Globalisation of Markets 1.9 Developing a Global Awareness 1.10 Orientation of International Marketing Summary The first section of International Marketing offers an overview of international marketing and a discussion of the global business, political and legal environments confronting the marketer. International Marketing is defined as Performance of Business activities beyond national borders. The task of international marketer is explained. Key obstacles to international marketing are not just foreign environments but also our won self reverence criteria (SRC) and ethnocentrism. This...
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...Marketing Term Paper — Document Transcript * MARKETING PLAN FOR DIVA INTERNATIONAL LIMITEDhttp://www.studymode.com/essays/International-Marketing-993538.html * Marketing Plan 2 Presented to: Mr. Sonu Dua * ACKNOWLEDGEMENT We are grateful to our teacher Mr. Sonu Dua for teaching us curriculum of marketing. His versatile knowledge in marketing field and unique teaching style has developed our knowledge and cleared many marketing concepts. We are all the most grateful to him for assigning this project, which has further helped us in evaluating many interrelated dimensions of marketing. Finally we bestow our thanks to all who has directly or indirectly supported us with their assistance and guidance to compose this report and accomplish broader vision to visualize things in marketing concepts. Durgesh Kumar Singh Diva International Ltd * Marketing Plan 3 Diva International Ltd TABLE OF CONTENTS Preface Introduction • Executive Summary • Mission statemen t • Objectives The Business • Business Background • Product/Service Description • Distribution network Macro environmental Analysis Diva International Ltd * Marketing Plan 5 • Economic Analysis • Social-Cultural Analysis Market Analysis • Market Definition • Market Segmentation • Competitors SWOT analysis • Strengths • Weaknesses • Opportunities • Threats General Marketing Strategy • Target Market Diva International Ltd * Marketing Plan 6 Specific Marketing Strategy • Pricing Strategy...
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...The fundamentals of standardizing global marketing strategy Nanda K. Viswanathan Delaware State University, Dover, Delaware, USA, and 46 Received February 2004 Revised February 2006 Accepted February 2006 Peter R. Dickson Florida International University, Miami, Florida, USA Abstract Purpose – To examine issues of standardization and adaptation in global marketing strategy and to explain the dynamics of standardization. Design/methodology/approach – This is a conceptual research paper that has been developed based on gaps in prior frameworks of standardization/adaptation. A three-factor model of standardization/adaptation of global marketing strategy was developed. The three factors include homogeneity of customer response to the marketing mix, transferability of competitive advantage, and similarities in the degree of economic freedom. Findings – The model through the use of feedback effects explains the dynamics of standardization. Research limitations/implications – Future research needs to empirically test the model. To enable empirical validation, reliable and valid measures of the three factors proposed in the model need to be developed. Additionally, the model may be used in future research to delineate the impact a variable may have on the ability of a firm to follow a standardized global marketing strategy. Practical implications – The three-factor model aids decisions relating to standardization in a global marketing context. Originality/value – The paper furthers...
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... | | | | | |*The same course can be transferred only as 1 course. | |First Level Modules | | |ACC1006 Accounting Information Systems |International Technology Venturing | |BSP1005 Managerial Economics |TU91.2010 Managerial Economics | |MKT1003 Principles of Marketing |23A00210 Introduction to Marketing (6 ECTS)...
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...Acknowledgements 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 Introduction to International Marketing The International Marketing Environment The International Marketing Information and Research Process International Competitive Marketing Strategies Market Selection Decisions and Entry Strategies Management of Exporting and Importing International Marketing Operations and Planning Product and Brand Decisions for International Marketing Service Strategies for International Marketing International Channels of Distribution and Logistics Management Pricing Decisions in International Markets Integrated International Marketing Communications International Business-To-Business Marketing Retail Internationalization and Marketing The Internet and International Marketing Ethics and International Marketing Index xix xxi xxiii xxiv 1 34 68 104 138 172 209 239 274 303 335 367 401 430 454 478 507 Contents List of figures List of tables List of mini case studies Acknowledgements 1 Introduction to International Marketing Introduction The nature of international marketing Contextual determinants of international marketing Historical development Definition of international marketing Relationship with other business fields A theoretical framework for international marketing Approaches to internationalization Factors causing internationalization The process of firms’ internationalization A holistic approach The motivation for firms to go international Trade theories and economic development Absolute advantage...
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...International Marketing Word Count: 2500 [Name of the Writer] [Name of the Institute] Introduction The advancement in technologies has also enhanced the procedures and methods of marketing. The organizations are now adopting the global integrated marketing communication to reach the greater number of targeted customers. The organizations do not need to design marketing plan for each country rather they could look to adopt a standardized approach or can opt for an adapting strategy in order to meet the cultural, countries, communication and economic differentiations. The purpose of this essay is to understand the significance of global integrated marketing communication and to recognize the factors that should be considered in order to adopt standardization or adaptation approach for communication in international market. Standardization According to Kustin (2004), presenting the similar marketing strategies internationally is said to be the standardization approach. As stated by Vrontis & Thrassou (2007), the needs and wants of the consumer does not fluctuates among many of the countries. Moreover, the globalization has playing a great part in escalating the similarities and reducing the differentiations. However, adopting the standardization approach lower down the costs of the organization. Moreover according to (Lundeteg, 2012), standardzied strategy could also be termed as the one size fits for all strategy. The giant organizations and multinational organizations...
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...Sustainable Export Marketing Strategy Fit and Performance Athina Zeriti, Matthew J. Robson, Stavroula Spyropoulou, and Constantinos N. Leonidou ABSTRACT Despite the growing global importance o f sustainability issues, scant research has examined marketing strategy sustain ability issues in international settings. Although significant prior work has examined drivers and performance conse quences o f adaptation/standardization o f marketing strategies in international markets, researchers have yet to apply this avenue o f inquiry to sustainable marketing strategies. Building on contingency theory and the concept o f strategic fit, the authors develop a model o f drivers o f sustainable export marketing strategy adaptation and explore the circum stances under which such a strategy affects export performance. Using a sample o f U.K. exporters, they find that vari ous macro- and microenvironmental factors are responsible for sustainable export marketing strategy adaptation, which shapes the nature o f sustainable export marketing strategy fit and its export venture performance outcomes. The results indicate that sustainable export marketing strategy adaptation is the outcome o f the differences between home and export markets in terms o f economic and technological conditions, competitive intensity, customer characteristics, and stakeholder pressures. Moreover, the performance relevance o f sustainable export marketing strategy adaptation requires adequate fit with...
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...Global Marketing Level 6 44-6979-00L-A Module handbook 2014 to 2015 Module leader: Giovanna Battiston g.battiston@shu.ac.uk Stoddart 7241 0114 225 5260 Contents 1. | Welcome to global marketing | Page 3 | 2. | Code of conduct | Page 4 | 3. | About your module | Page 5 | 4. | Teaching and learning strategy | Page 6 | 5. | Resources for reading and research | Page 7 | 6. | Assessment | Page 8 | 7. | Lecture and seminar programme | Page 11 | 8. | Module prize | Page 37 | 9. | The SHU Marketing Student Society | Page 38 | 10. | Appendices:Task one assessment criteriaTask two assessment criteria | Page 39Page 41 | Welcome to global marketing Contact details Module leader: Giovanna Battiston g.battiston@shu.ac.uk Stoddart 7241 0114 225 5260 Your seminar tutor: Learning time: On the successful completion of this unit you will receive 20 credit points at level 6. As in all units you are expected to devote 150 hours learning time to this unit, some of which will comprise lectures and seminars. These will be important for introducing and discussing new materials and for you to gauge your level of understanding of the subject. You will need to spend several hours per week in private study getting to grips with the pre-seminar tasks and necessary post-lecture reading and the associated activities. It is expected that the remainder of the time will be spent on assessment related activities such as reading and...
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...International Marketing Strategy, 5th Edition Isobel Doole and Robin Lowe Publishing Director: John Yates Publisher: Jennifer Pegg Development Editor: Lucy Mills Production Editor: Leonora Dawson-Bowling Manufacturing Manager: Helen Mason Senior Production Controller: Maeve Healy Marketing Manager: Angela Lewis Typesetter: Newgen, India Cover design: Adam Renvoize Text design: Design Deluxe, Bath, UK For product information and technology assistance, contact emea.info@cengage.com. For permission to use material from this text or product, and for permission queries, email clsuk.permissions@cengage.com Products and services that are referred to in this book may be either trademarks and/or registered trademarks of their respective owners. The publishers and author/s make no claim to these trademarks. British Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library. ISBN: 978-1-84480-763-5 Cengage Learning EMEA High Holborn House, 50-51 Bedford Row London WC1R 4LR Cengage Learning products are represented in Canada by Nelson Education Ltd. For your lifelong learning solutions, visit www.cengage.co.uk Purchase e-books or e-chapters at: http://estore.bized.co.uk CHAPTER 1 AN INTRODUCTION TO INTERNATIONAL MARKETING INTRODUCTION Managers around the globe are recognising the increasing necessity for their companies and organisations to develop the skills, aptitudes and knowledge to compete effectively in international markets...
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...R e s e a R c h a Rt i c l e Effective Global Strategy Implementation Structural and Process Choices Facilitating Global Integration and Coordination Attila Yaprak · Shichun Xu · Erin Cavusgil Abstract: 0 0 this article offers a contingency framework of global strategy implementation effectiveness on firm performance. The research question we seek to address is what the structural and process requirements are for MNEs to successfully implement global strategy through increased efficiency and effectiveness of integration and coordination across world markets. Our central premise is that MNEs’ capabilities in establishing supporting structural and process mechanisms will enhance the effectiveness and efficiency of implementing their global strategies which would, in turn, lead to better firm performance. Keywords: Integration and coordination · Global strategy · Firm performance · contingency framework Received: 25.12.2009 / Revised: 15.08.2010 / Accepted: 11.10.2010 / Published online: 02.04.2011 © Gabler-Verlag 2011 Prof. A. Yaprak () Department of Marketing, Wayne State University, Detroit, USA e-mail: Attila.yaprak@wayne.edu Asst. Prof. S. Xu Department of Marketing and Logistics, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, USA Asst. Prof. E. Cavusgil Department of Marketing, University of Michigan-Flint, Flint, USA 180 A. Yaprak et al. Introduction The globalization of the world economy and markets has given rise to the growth of multinational enterprises...
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...International Marketing. Submitted by: Fredrick Malingu Student ID: 12500 Submission Date: 24-11-2014 Contents Introduction 2 Part 1: international marketing mix strategies: standardization and Adaptation 2 Second part: Internationalization process theory 3 Conclusion 3 Introduction Many companies operation internationally today with elimination of many trade barrier in many countries in the world. These firms need to come up with international marketing strategies that will enable them complete favourably in these new markets. International marketing strategies mean that international subsidiaries act and formulate marketing ways independently as if they were local companies with minimal coordination or supervision from the parent company. This aims at meeting the local consumer needs in the market but at the same time not lowering the international standards of a brand. This paper discusses the two main marketing strategies that international firms like Coca cola use. These are standardization and adaptation. In standardization, a multinational company uses a uniform approach to marketing her brand so as to minimize costs and promote a global corporate image. On the other hand adaptation means that a firm uses unique marketing dimension that are adaptable to fit each of her local markets (Mathew & Zander, 2007).This paper looks at how practical a brand like Coca cola has used adaptation and standardization in international...
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...International Marketing International Marketing Lesson 5 Dr. David Ambaye Lesson outline International pricing decisions International distribution decisions International Marketing - ESC 1 3 The 4Ps of Marketing «Meeting consumers’ needs» MIX PRODUIT PRODUCT Variety Quality Options and features Design, style Brand Packaging Size Guarantee After sales service PRIX PRICE Fees (margins) Discounts Sales Terms of payment Credit terms COMMUNICATION PROMOTION Advertising Sales force Sales promotion Public relations Direct mail Direct Marketing DISTRIBUTION PLACE Distribution channels Sales outliets Stock keeping Warehousing Means of transport Target Market © Dr. David Ambaye I. International pricing decisions Price: • the only element of the marketing mix that produces revenue, the other elements produce costs • communicates to the market the company’s intended value positioning of its product or brand Prices are perhaps the easiest element of the marketing program to adjust; product features, channels, and even communications take more time. International Marketing - ESC 1 5 Market Research What new products does the market need? Concept A new type of car Product development Development of the idea, design and key features within the manufacturing constraints Engineering/ Manufacturing Manufacturing tools and prototype created Test marketing Prototype tested with target...
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...IMT-17 Subject Name : INTERNATIONAL Notes: a. b. c. d. Write answers in your own words as far as possible and refrain from copying from the text books/handouts. Answers of Ist Set (Part-A), IInd Set (Part-B), IIIrd Set (Part – C) and Set-IV (Case Study) must be sent together. Mail the answer sheets alongwith the copy of assignments for evaluation & return. Only hand written assignments shall be accepted. 5 Questions, each question carries 1 marks. 5 Questions, each question carries 1 marks. 5 Questions, each question carries 1 marks. Confine your answers to 150 to 200 Words. Two Case Studies : 5 Marks. Each case study carries 2.5 marks. MARKETING A. First Set of Assignments: B. Second Set of Assignments: C. Third Set of Assignments: D. Forth Set of Assignments: Objective: 1. To give an overview of the scenario on international marketing which offer unlimited opportunities to the organization 2. To equip students with the understanding of environments with capability to develop products and other marking mix elements to develop effective market plan. 3. To imbibe an outlook to win world markets Contents GLOBALIZATION: THOUGHTS AND PROCESS For and Against Globalization; Determinants of Global Trade; Global Trade Dynamics; Global Trade and Economy Flows During -; International Competition; Outgrowth of New Markets; Defining Concepts of Global Trade; Drivers of Globalization;Organizing Global Marketing; Global Local Marketing; Objectives of Global Marketing GLOBAL MARKETPLACE:...
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