...Counseling Children in Crisis Based on Maslow’s Hierarchy of Basic Needs Alexis Barber Paine College Educational Psychology 393, 01 Dr. LaShawnda Lindsay-Dennis September 26, 2011 Counseling Children in Crisis Based on Maslow’s Hierarchy of Basic Needs My article talks about counseling children in their time of need due to extreme circumstances. It addresses how Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs can be helpful for children in a crisis, and it is used to tend to children who are unable to fulfill their needs due to natural disasters, poverty, child abuse, violence, etc. It also gives strategies on how to help children to meet their basic needs. In my article, I didn’t find any weak points, but there were a lot of strong points mentioned throughout the article. All of the strong points focused on Maslow’s hierarchy of needs, and it focused on how to help children find themselves based on the needs. The questions stated in the article was, “ How can counselors and other helping professionals in various sectors of the world recognize unfulfilled needs of children based on visible or inferred conditions, problems, and behaviors; and subsequently, how can counselors and other helping professionals act to facilitate the satisfaction of unmet needs of children?” The question was answered in a certain section of the article called, “Assessing Maslow’s Needs in Children”. One way my article...
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...productive employees to reach organizational goals. In the case study “A Question of Motivation” Robbins and Judge (2007) have created two managers for this scenario; Jonathan is the more effective manager who is liked by his employees while Dan is a less effective manager that is not well liked. They also introduce two employees; Stephanie who works for Jonathan she is very happy with her job and has a high respect for Jonathan as her manager. Alex is very unhappy with his job and has no respect for his manager Dan. Our team has chosen to analyze this case study by applying the motivational theories of “Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs” and the “Equity Theory of Motivation”; the leadership theories of “The Path-Goal Theory of Leadership” and “The Hershey-Blanchard Life Cycle Theory of Leadership” (Certo & Certo, 2009). Motivation Motivation is very important in understanding employee’s behavior and can influence this behavior to accomplish goals and objectives. Managers need to understand their employee’s needs, roles and perceptions in order to motivate (Certo & Certo, 2009). In the case study by Robbins and Judge (2007), “A Question of Motivation” the two managers (Dan & Jonathan) have two totally different ideas of motivation. The motivation theories that can be applied to this situation are Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs and the Equity Theory of Motivation. Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs Maslow's hierarchy of needs includes the terms physiological, safety, social, esteem...
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...productive employees to reach organizational goals. In the case study “A Question of Motivation” Robbins and Judge (2007) have created two managers for this scenario; Jonathan is the more effective manager who is liked by his employees while Dan is a less effective manager that is not well liked. They also introduce two employees; Stephanie who works for Jonathan she is very happy with her job and has a high respect for Jonathan as her manager. Alex is very unhappy with his job and has no respect for his manager Dan. Our team has chosen to analyze this case study by applying the motivational theories of “Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs” and the “Equity Theory of Motivation”; the leadership theories of “The Path-Goal Theory of Leadership” and “The Hershey-Blanchard Life Cycle Theory of Leadership” (Certo & Certo, 2009). Motivation Motivation is very important in understanding employee’s behavior and can influence this behavior to accomplish goals and objectives. Managers need to understand their employee’s needs, roles and perceptions in order to motivate (Certo & Certo, 2009). In the case study by Robbins and Judge (2007), “A Question of Motivation” the two managers (Dan & Jonathan) have two totally different ideas of motivation. The motivation theories that can be applied to this situation are Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs and the Equity Theory of Motivation. Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs Maslow's hierarchy of needs includes the terms physiological, safety, social, esteem...
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...The Content Theories of Motivation – Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs, Herzberg’s Two-Factor Theory, Alderfer and McClleland’s Theories of Motivation – are all about the factors within a person and the needs that motivate people. Choose TWO of the above theories and answer the following questions: * First, compare and contrast the theories. What are the differences/similarities? * What are some of the criticisms of the two theories that you select? * Are these theories applicable today given that business today is so different from Maslow’s time (1940’s), Alderfer (1960’s), and Herberg and McClelland (1950’s)? Given the many changes in business from when these theories were first proposed, do these theories still provide us with the tools to be effective as managers? ------------------------ Motivational Theories explain how to stimulate people to reach their goals and objectives. There are two theories that I have chosen to analyze: Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs and Alderfer’s ERG Theory. Both of them caught my attention because they were very similar in structure yet different in their overall approach. Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs is based on five motivational needs arranged in a pyramidal hierarchical level. The base contains physiological needs and the top self-actualization needs. Alderfer’s ERG Theory is similar to Maslow’s because it is also structured in a hierarchical level. The multi-level system of this theories makes them easy to organize and follow as...
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...Critically evaluate Maslow’s hierarchy of needs as way of understanding employee motivation in contemporary Chinese business Maslow’s hierarchy of needs is a famous psychological theory developed by Abraham Maslow in 1943. This theory says that there is a hierarchy of human needs which reflects their motivations. He divided human needs into five hierarchies: physical needs, security needs, social needs, self-esteem and self-actualization needs. He stated that human motivations approximately change through these five levels. As a result, it has been considered as a useful tool in management in western countries because motivation is an important factor of human behaviors. Motivation plays an important role in employment. Well motivated workers work harder with higher efficiency and have a stronger sense of participation. However, some criticisms point out that Maslow’s theory may not be able to applied in some other culture contexts like China because it is based on a narrow research with particular targets in America. That is to say that Maslow’s theory is not correct in all nations because of cultural differences, especially in China. This essay will give a critical evaluation of this theory by considering its advantages and defects of Maslow’s theory to see whether it is useful in China. Maslow’s hierarchy of needs is generally useful and makes a great contribution to business management. There are several advantages of Maslow’s theory. First, this theory clearly reflects human...
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...1) Maslow’s hierarchy of needs is a theory that was created by Abraham Maslow in which he states that the lower level of needs must be satisfied in order to proceed with the higher level of needs. His theory consist of five levels. It starts with physiological need, followed by the safety, social and esteem needs and ends with the self-actualization need. Based on this case study, the Maslow’s hierarchy of needs will be used to analyze Bob Wood. Using the physiological needs, Bob who is 30 years of age seems to have his basic needs satisfied. He has food, clothes to wear, a place to live and he drives an expensive sport car. Since these needs have been satisfied it no longer is a drive to push Bob to attain them anymore. Eventually once a person has had this level of need satisfied he/she moves to the next level. Despite having all his basic needs satisfied, Bob seems to be frustrated with his current job situation. As mentioned in the case study, Bob was making $80,000 a year plus bonus. Currently he only earns $44,000 as a technology analyst. That is almost half of what he used to earn back in 2001. Following the physiological needs is the safety needs. Bob’s current situation is very much tied to this level on the Maslow’s hierarchy of needs. As mentioned above, once the physiological needs for an individual is met it activates the needs for security. In Bob’s current situation, he does not feel safe. Instead he feels threatened. Bob currently has debts on his college loan...
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...CheckPoint: Motivation and Teams Case Study • Resource: Ch. 7 of Introduction to Business • Read the two case studies on pp. 233–236 of the text. • Answer the following in a 200- to 300-word response: • What motivation theories may be found in each case study? • Describe the theories found in each case study and cite specific examples. • What was each business owner’s approach to creating high-performing teams within their company? In the first case study, The Two Men and a Truck, the motivation theories used by Sheets were Maslow’s needs hierarchy theory, the expectancy theory, and the job enrichment theory. Originally, Sheet’s motivation was to assist her two sons part-time moving business attract more customers. By doing this, Sheets was using the Maslow’s needs hierarchy theory because she was focused on her sons’ physiological needs of earning income. Because she did not want to reject the business call, she decided to take advantage of the orders she was still receiving. Sheets saw a demand for a localized moving company. After her last child completed college, the expectancy theory applies because she believed that she had a service that would serve the needs of other individuals to begin their own business by creating a franchise opportunity. She believed that she possessed the ability, self-efficacy, to create the moving franchise opportunity. By creating this opportunity for others to reward for their work efforts and efficiencies, she empowers the job enrichment...
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...BUS 210 : Due Day 4 of week 6 Resource: Ch. 7 of Introduction to Business Read the two case studies on pp. 233–236 of the text. Answer the following in a 200- to 300-word response: What motivation theories may be found in each case study? Describe the theories found in each case study and cite specific examples. What was each business owner’s approach to creating high-performing teams within their company? In the first case study, The Two Men and a Truck, the motivation theories used by Sheets were Maslow’s needs hierarchy theory, the expectancy theory, and the job enrichment theory. Originally, Sheet’s motivation was to assist her two sons part-time moving business attract more customers. By doing this, Sheets was using the Maslow’s needs hierarchy theory because she was focused on her sons’ physiological needs of earning income. Because she did not want to reject the business call, she decided to take advantage of the orders she was still receiving. Sheets saw a demand for a localized moving company. After her last child completed college, the expectancy theory applies because she believed that she had a service that would serve the needs of other individuals to begin their own business by creating a franchise opportunity. She believed that she possessed the ability, self-efficacy, to create the moving franchise opportunity. By creating this opportunity for others to reward for their work efforts and efficiencies, she empowers the job enrichment theory. Her approach to...
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...According to Chevalier (2007), the motivation defines as a force of moving enthusiasm towards within individual, not an outside to enhance workplace management. Actually, it arrives from the theory of hierarchy of needs which is one of the main criticisms of Abraham Maslow’s “eupsychian” approach to management. The critical point of Maslow is that people can only be motivated by unsatisfied need. When people’s basic need is satisfied, they are motivated by the next higher level or abundant needs. This theory is known to be successful adopted and developed for managing working environment in United States. However, it is wondering if the needs theories of motivation are appropriate in other parts of the world such as Asia. This essay will examine some discussions about this issue to clarify that question. Colvin & Rutland (2008) claimed that Maslow’s hierarchy of needs is a content of motivation theory which its model identifies five basic needs categories constructed ascending hierarchy order to clarify them as arranged elements to arise employee’s motivation. They are psychological needs, safety need, love and belongings needs, esteem needs and lastly needs of self-actualization. Normally employee’s lower level of needs is requested to be satisfied before the progress of seeking into higher level gratification. Due to the fact that the most difficult part of motivating approach in workplace’s supervision is satisfying the mutual benefits between employee and organisation...
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...Practices Lecturer: Cheryl “Nyahra” Gittens •Perception •Motivation •Individual Learning •Decision Making 1 Lecturer: Cheryl " Nyahra" Gittens 2 The Motivation Process What Is Motivation? Motivation The processes that account for an individual’s willingness to exert high levels of effort to reach organizational goals, conditioned by the effort s ability to satisfy some individual conditioned by the effort’s ability to satisfy some individual need. Effort: a measure of intensity or drive. Direction: toward organizational goals Need: personalized reason to exert effort Motivation works best when individual needs are compatible with organizational goals. Exhibit 16.1 Copyright © 2005 Prentice Hall, Inc. All rights reserved. 16–3 Copyright © 2005 Prentice Hall, Inc. All rights reserved. 16–4 MAJOR THEORIES OF MOTIVATION Why is Motivation Important? I. Need / Content Approaches: ‐ Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs ‐ Alderfer’s ERG Theory ‐ Herzberg’s Two Factor Theory ‐ McClelland’s Learned Needs Theory II. Cognitive/ Process / Contemporary Approaches: ‐ Expectancy Theory ‐ Equity Theory/ Social Comparison ‐ Goal Setting Theory III. REINFORCEMENT THEORY OR OPERANT CONDITIONING : How Rewards & Reinforcements Sustain Motivation Over Time (Behavior Modification) 5 6 Under optimal conditions, effort can often be increased and sustained Delegation without constant supervision is always necessary Employees can become self‐motivated Motivated employees...
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...* Contents Summary 2 1.0 Introduction 2 2.0 Definition of Motivation 2 3.0 theories of motivation 3 3.1 Hertzberg’s two (2) factor theory 3 3.2 McGregor’s X and Y theory 3 3.3 Maslow’s Hierarchy of needs 3 3.4 McClelland’s Human Motivation theory 4 4.0 Failure of employee motivation programs 4 4.1 Empirical Study 1 4 4.2 Empirical study 2 5 5.0 Improving employee motivation 6 5.1 Applying McGregor’s X and Y theory 6 5.2 Applying McClelland’s Acquire needs theory 6 5.3 Applying Hertzberg’s two factor theory 6 5.4 Applying Maslow’s Hierarchy of needs theory 7 6.0 Conclusion 7 7.0 References 8 8.0 Appendices 9 Source: Maslow’s Love and Belonging Needs 10 * Summary The purpose of this documentation is to highlight the different factors that influence employee motivation. Different type of people a motivated by different factors, some are intrinsically (non-materialistic) motivated while others are motivated extrinsically (materialistic). This document also provides an analysis of two (2) empirical studies relating to the reasons of failure in the employee motivation program. There are various ways to improve motivation amongst employees, as this will be presented within this documentation. * 1.0 Introduction Employee motivation continue to be an imperative issue for leaders and mangers. Unmotivated employees are inclined to devote minimal or no effort in their jobs, produce low quality work, exit the company if given the opportunity...
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...Maslow Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs Tatiana Cadle-Taylor Barry University Abraham Maslow founded a movement—that valued individuality, creativity, and personal freedom— called the humanistic movement in the late 1950s. Maslow, born April, 1, 1908 (Abraham Harold Maslow, 2013), was the son of poor Russian-Jewish immigrants who came to the United States in the early 1900s seeking an escape from the Czarist persecution. His parents settled in New York City, where he attended public schools in a multiethnic, working-class neighborhood (Hoffman 2008). Maslow’s youthful experience was extremely typical for those of his background, and they inevitably shaped his worldview. This viewpoint remained vital to Maslow throughout his life. Although Maslow acknowledged his admiration of Freudian psychoanalysis at an early age, his own view of human nature varied greatly from Sigmund Freud's. Maslow thought Freud's theory was unnecessarily pessimistic with respect to our human potential for decency and kindness. He disagreed strongly with Freud's contention that we are essentially selfish beings, with little regard for others (Mullins 2010). Freud's view of human nature portrayed human potential as a fight to keep our instincts in check. Maslow believed that we are capable of becoming fully human through a process of self-actualization (Mullins 2010). Maslow agreed that we do not always show our most fully human side; but Maslow also believed that any of those reactions...
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...Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs A Case Study of The Impact of Solar Panel Production At Better Power Introduction Better Power is a company recently established in Australia with the aim of distributing power to Australian households from greener energy sources such as solar farms and wind mills. Better Power has reported a 30% decrease in output that has negatively affected sales and backorders. This has resulted in low staff morale and increased job insecurity. In this case study, I will discuss important motivation tools such as empowerment, self-improvement and life enhancement, and also how to apply them at Better Power based on Maslow’s hierarchy of needs theory. Motivation Motivation is an internal and external process that stimulates the needs and energy in individuals to be more interested and committed to a job in order to achieve an objective. There are two types of motivation namely, Intrinsic and extrinsic motivation. Intrinsic motivation is internally driven by an enjoyment or having by having an interest in a task. Extrinsic motivation is when an individual performs a task in order to gain a reward such as money, promotion or fame (academia 2014). There are several theories that attempt to explain motivation; these include Maslow’s hierarchy of needs, McGregor theory X and theory Y, Herzberg’s two-factor theory, Alderfer’s ERG theory, Self-determination theory, Temporal motivation theory and Achievement motivation theory. Maslow’s hierarchy of needs...
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...Practices Lecturer: Cheryl “Nyahra” Gittens •Perception •Motivation •Individual Learning •Decision Making 1 Lecturer: Cheryl " Nyahra" Gittens 2 The Motivation Process What Is Motivation? Motivation The processes that account for an individual’s willingness to exert high levels of effort to reach organizational goals, conditioned by the effort s ability to satisfy some individual conditioned by the effort’s ability to satisfy some individual need. Effort: a measure of intensity or drive. Direction: toward organizational goals Need: personalized reason to exert effort Motivation works best when individual needs are compatible with organizational goals. Exhibit 16.1 Copyright © 2005 Prentice Hall, Inc. All rights reserved. 16–3 Copyright © 2005 Prentice Hall, Inc. All rights reserved. 16–4 MAJOR THEORIES OF MOTIVATION Why is Motivation Important? I. Need / Content Approaches: ‐ Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs ‐ Alderfer’s ERG Theory ‐ Herzberg’s Two Factor Theory ‐ McClelland’s Learned Needs Theory II. Cognitive/ Process / Contemporary Approaches: ‐ Expectancy Theory ‐ Equity Theory/ Social Comparison ‐ Goal Setting Theory III. REINFORCEMENT THEORY OR OPERANT CONDITIONING : How Rewards & Reinforcements Sustain Motivation Over Time (Behavior Modification) 5 6 Under optimal conditions, effort can often be increased and sustained Delegation without constant supervision is always necessary Employees can become self‐motivated Motivated employees...
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...Executive Summary The purpose of this research was to identify the factors influence on the labour turnover in hospitality industry and give some suggestions to help the supervisors to alleviate current situation. Term members did some research readings similar to this topic, and then designed the qualitative questionnaire based on the Maslow’s hierarchy needs theory. The data were collected through e-mail survey, interview and so on. 12 respondents who current or ever have worked in a hospitality industry were selected as samples to completed the survey. After analysing the data, findings suggest that the manger should pay more attention to employees’ high-order needs than to lower-order needs. In such a special industry which operates to offer service to customers, the employees are the main assets of hospitality industry. (Emerald, 2012) Supervisors just meet the basic needs such as physiological, safety, and social needs, that not enough to retain the employees. This research will focus on the high low needs of employees in the hospitality industry to identify the possible factors influence on labour turnover. Introduction The hospitality industry is one of the fast growing industries in Australia since 1970s, and it also contribute a lot to the economic development in the whole country. In Australia, the hospitality industry is the main employer. (TTF Australia, 2006) Nevertheless, the hospitality industry still faces the labour shortage because of the high labour turnover...
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