MBAC 6101













Summer 2016

MBAD CED 6101
Business and Community Development II
Capitalist development creates winners and losers, both socially and geographically. The fundamental process of capitalism is the transfer of wealth created by particular people in particular places into the hands of other people in other places. Communities that are unable to

Jorge Sousa, Ph.D
Contact
sousa@ualberta.ca capture the wealth that they create tend to decline. Sustainable economies

require rooting wealth within communities. Businesses are the organizations in a society that create wealth. They can be used to exploit a region and extract a community’s wealth or they can be used to ground wealth in a community. The course will explore the relationship between business and the community. At the outcome students will have an appreciation for the challenges and issues

community-based business

surrounding institutions as well as an understanding of how those challenges are currently being met by existing community businesses.


Learning Activities

The classroom will follow a seminar model.
This means that we are all responsible for the success of the classroom discussion. As well as focussing on set readings, the class will use case studies for shaping the seminar discussions. Being prepared for class is essential for productive

discussion. While class activity may focus on the readings, the readings will not be
‘taught’ in class. The only way to participate in the class is to have read what is assigned prior to class.
Participation is worth 15%. Think of making an informed contribution at least once a session (4 times a day) as a

Course Policies
1) All assignments must be submitted by the due dates. Late assignments will be penalized 5% per working day late.
2) This class will have a zero tolerance policy on plagiarism. Students are expected to know the

Participation is worth 15%. Think of making an informed contribution at least 2) This class will have a zero tolerance policy on once a session (4 times a day) as a plagiarism. Students are expected to know the minimum. university policy on plagiarism as detailed in the
CBU Academic Regulations (see the Academic
Calendar for details). Any submission which has been wholly or partly plagiarized will automatically receive a mark of zero and further action will be which taken if warranted.

Text(s)

An online course pack is provided contains all of the required readings: https://goo.gl/6BJoZF Evaluation
Item

Weight

Participation

15%

Full Article Summary
15%
Summary Papers

20%

If you feel somewhat unclear about what plagiarism is you should read through the relevant section of the Academic Calendar (page 37 of the current version). http://www.cbu.ca/sites/cbu.ca/files/pdfs/currentcalendar.pdf
York University also has a helpful tutorial on plagiarism that you may wish to review. http://www.yorku.ca/tutorial/academic_integrity/ 3) The functioning language in the classroom will be English. All in class and small-group discussion should be conducted in English.

Group presentation 20%
Final Paper

30%

Module Outlines

Student Accommodation
Students requiring special accommodation should inform the instructor at the beginning of the course.
Support and resources for the differently-abled are available through the Jennifer
Keeping Accessibility Centre at www.cbu.ca/jkac

All readings are supplied through the course pack.
You are expected to read all readings and cases prior to class and to have prepared notes on each.

Module 1
Introduction: Macro trends, uneven development and micro-possibilities in depleted communities.
Goal: To introduce the course and to review the context of place-based development though the concepts of uneven development and depleted communities.
Required Readings:
Hudson, R. (2011). ‘The regional problem and the social economy: Developmental potential and limits’ Paper presented to the Conference on Sustainable Community
Business, Cape Breton University, 13-15 July 2011
Module 2
Community and Place: What are we developing anyway?
Goal: To understand various conceptualizations of community and place and the impact of how our understanding of each can alter the way we think about development.
Required Readings:
Barke, M and R. MacFarlane (2001) “Communities” in Pain, R. et. al. Introducing Social
Geographies. London: Hodder Arnold
Cresswell, T. (2004) Place: A short introduction. London, Blackwell. Chapter 3 “Reading ‘A Global Sense of Place’.


Module 3


Module 3
Deconstructing Business: Tools for developing community and place?
Goal: To understand various conceptualizations of business and the impact that our understanding of business can have on the way we do development.
Required Readings:
Friedman, M. “The Social Responsibility of Business is to Increase its Profits.” New York
Times Magazine, September 13, 1970.
Handy, C. (2002). " What's a business for?" Harvard Business Review 80(12): 49-55.
Borzaga, C. and E. Tortia (2007). Social Economy Organizations in the Theory of the
Firm. The Social Economy: Building Inclusive Economies. A. Noya and E. Clarence,
OECD Publishing.
Module 4
Community Business and the Social Economy: Economics in Service of Society.
Goal: To develop an understanding of the social economy and community-based business.
Required Readings:
McMurtry, J.J. (2009) Introducing the Social Economy in Theory and Practice. Living
Economics: Canadian Perspectives on the Social Economy, Co-operatives, and
Community Economic Development. J.J. McMurtry. Toronto: Emond Montgomery.
Defourny & Nyssens (2003). The EMES Approach
Further Reading:
Gar Alperovitz on Community Based Economies: http://www.garalperovitz.com/2012/08/anchoring-wealth-to-sustain-cities-and-populationgrowth/ Young, D. R., & Lecy, J. D. (2014). Defining the Universe of Social Enterprise:
Competing Metaphors. VOLUNTAS: International Journal of Voluntary and
Nonprofit Organizations, 25(5), 1307–1332.

Module 5
Comprehensive Example: Stella Bury
Goal: To explore and critique Stella Bury as an example of community business/social economy. Resources: http://www.stellaburry.ca/ The website is extensive and includes some videos as well as documentation. You should read through their annual report.
Module 6
Entrepreneurship and Community Business
Goal: To identify the main characteristics of community-based entrepreneurship and how they can be supported.
Required Readings:
Johnstone, H. and D. Lionais (2004). "Depleted communities and community business entrepreneurship: revaluing space through place." Entrepreneurship and Regional
Development 16: 217-233.
North, P. 2011. Alternative Forms of Enterprise. In Enterprise, Deprivation and Social Exclusion:
The Role of Small Business in Addressing Social and Economic Inequalities., edited by A.
Southern. London: Routledge. (source online)
Module 7
Organizational Structure for Community Business.
Goal: To understand the importance of organizational structure in maintaining the values of an organization and to become familiar with the different options for organizational structure. structure.
Required Readings:
Lionais, D. (2010) “Social enterprise and socio-legal structure: constructing alternative institutional spaces for economic development” in Fuller, D, A. Jonas, and R. Lee
(Eds) Alternative spaces of economy, society and politics: Interrogating alterity.
London: Ashgate
MacLeod, G. (2010). How to start a Community Enterprise: A Realistic Approach. Step
6: Legal Structure (pp40-52)
Markey et al (2011). Social Enterprise Legal Stricture: Options and Prospects for a ‘Made in Canada’ Solution.
Yu, X. (2013). The governance of social enterprises in China. Social Enterprise Journal,
9(3), 225–246. (source online)

Module 8
Comprehensive Example: Zanon / FaSinPat
Goal: To explore and critique FaSinPat as an example of community business/social economy. Resources:
Vieta, M. and A. Ruggeri (2009) WorkerRecovered Enterprises as Workers’ Cooperatives:
The Conjunctures, Challenges, and Innovations of
Self-Management in Argentina and Latin
America in Reed, D. and J.J. McMurtry (Eds) Co-operatives in a Global Economy.
Cambridge Scholars Publishing: Newcastle. [in course pack].
The Take (film) available in VHS from the library and on You Tube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Sug7bWxTuSo Marie Trigona writes extensively on Zanon/FaSinPat: http://www.towardfreedom.com/home/content/view/855/0/ http://upsidedownworld.org/main/content/view/2052/32/ http://www.zcommunications.org/workplace-resistance-and-self-management-by-marie-trigona Module 9
Sustainable Community Business
Goal: To understand the key factors that lead to success and failure within social enterprise and community business. To be able to apply that knowledge to critique the existing community business.
Required Readings:
Hudson, R. (2004). The Social Economy Beyond the Local? Developmental Possibilities,
Problems and Policy Considerations. University of Durham E-Prints. Durham,
University of Durham.
Mendell, M. 2009. Three Pillars of the Social Economy: the Quebec Experience. In The Social
Economy: International Perspectives on Economic Solidarity, edited by A. Amin. London:
Zed Books.


Module 10
Comprehensive Example: Mondragon
Goal: To understand the different aspects of the MCC.
Required Readings:
Forcadell, F. J. (2005). Democracy, Cooperation and Business Success: The Case of
Mondragón Corporación Cooperativa. Journal of Business Ethics, 56(3), 255–274.

Required Readings:
Forcadell, F. J. (2005). Democracy, Cooperation and Business Success: The Case of
Mondragón Corporación Cooperativa. Journal of Business Ethics, 56(3), 255–274. doi:10.1007/s10551-004-5094-5 (source online)
Errasti, A. (2013). Mondragon’s Chinese subsidiaries : Coopitalist multinationals in practice. Economic and Industrial Democracy, 0143831X13511503. (source online)
Sousa
MBAC 6101



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Summer 2016

MBA (CED) 600
Business and Community Development II
Tentative Class Schedule*
Module Topic
Module 1 Introduction

Reading
Hudson, R. (2011)

Module 2 Communities and Places

Barke, M. (2001)
Cresswell, T. (2004)

Friedman, M. (1970);
Handy, C (2002)
Borzaga and Tortia, (2007)
Module 4 Community Business/Social McMurtry, J.J. (2009)
Economy
Defourny & Nyssens (2003)

Date
July 4th

Module 3 Deconstructing Business

Module 5 Comprehensive Example:
Stella Burry
Module 6 Entrepreneurship

July 5th
July 6th

Online sources
Johnstone, H. and D. Lionais
(2004);
North, P (2011)

Module 7 Structures and Governance Lionais, D. (2010);
MacLeod (2010)
Markey (2011)
Yu (2013)
Module 8 Comprehensive Example:
Zanon/FaSinPat

Hudson (2004)
Mendell, M. (2009)

Module 10 Comprehensive Example:
Mondragon

July 11th

Vieta, M. and A. Ruggeri (2009) and films

Module 9 Sustainable Organizations

July 7th

Forcadell, F. J. (2005)
Errasti, A. (2013)

Module 11 Presentations

July 12th

July 13th and th Mondragon

Errasti, A. (2013)
July 13th and
14th

Module 11 Presentations
* Additional readings may be assigned during the course.
Sousa

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MBAC 6101













Summer 2016

Student Deliverables

Handing in Assignments
All hand-in assignments should conform to proper academic writing styles. Please use the
APA style guide for references. A short introduction to APA can be found here: http://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/560/01/ Please submit in MS Word format (.doc or .docx). PDFs are not acceptable.
Please label your file with your name and assignment title. For example: ‘John_Smith –
MBAC 6101 Article Summary’.

Summary Papers (20%) – 10 in total 2% each
It is imperative that you read all the assigned readings. When reading, it is good practice to take notes and briefly summarize the reading and any of your ideas in relation to the reading. You are required to submit a summary for each of the readings in the class. Your submission should include a very brief summary as well as your notes on the text. Your reviews won’t be graded, but I will review your summaries from time to time and will comment if required. It is suggested that you submit each summary as your read in preparation for each class. Your summaries may be in any format (text, point form, etc.) as long as they are original (summarise in your own words) and do an adequate job of capturing the paper. You will be awarded marks according to the proportion of summaries submitted (i.e. if you submit a summary for each reading, you are likely to receive the full 20 marks).
Length: Each summary should be no more than two pages.
Format: All of the summaries should be compiled into one Word file. Make sure each summary is clearly indicated by number and a heading (author and title).
Due: 5 on July 8th and 5 on July 15th by 5pm to sousa@ualberta.ca
Full Article Summary (15%)
Write a review of one of your assigned readings. This assignment is different from the usual summaries in that it should be a formal paper prepared for someone else’s consumption. Your review should summarize the argument of the author. You should also connect the argument of your reading to themes developed in other readings covered in this course or that you have come across elsewhere. Thus, while you will use the assigned reading as the main focus (it should take up the bulk of the space), you should cite a number of other sources as well (a minimum of two others). The length constraints are tight; this assignment will challenge you to concisely summarize the argument. Do not try to summarize your secondary sources or inject your own thoughts; that will come in the final assignment.
The selected article must be an academic article from a journal or an academic book. This would exclude the Barke, Friedman, Grantham and MacLeod articles.
Length: Max 500 words (1.5 spacing, 12 point font)
Due: July 29th by 5pm to sousa@ualberta.ca
Resources:
http://www.class.uidaho.edu/adv_tech_wrt/resources/general/how_to_summarize.htm http://www.mantex.co.uk/2009/09/16/how-to-summarize/ http://www.class.uidaho.edu/adv_tech_wrt/resources/general/how_to_summarize.htm http://www.mantex.co.uk/2009/09/16/how-to-summarize/ Final Paper (30%)
Write a critical literature review of a topic covered in the class (or one related to the theme of the class). The paper should be used to explore the particular topic in depth, to see what is being written on the subject in the academic literature. Your paper should be
‘critical’ in the sense of evaluating the theories and explanations presented in the literature in terms of their robustness and explanatory power. You may also suggest areas where the current theory is lacking and where further research may be needed. In this way you can use this paper as a means of identifying the topics and issues you may want to explore in your applied research project (ARP) for the program. The paper should be fully referenced; the suggested reading list may be used as a starting point for your paper but you are expected to do independent research to find additional sources for your paper.
The focus of your literature search should be on the academic literature (scholarly journals and texts).
Length: Max 4000 words (1.5 spacing, 12 point font)
Due: August 19th by 5pm to sousa@ualberta.ca

Group Case Study Presentation (20%)
In our first class we discussed how Ray Hudson (2011) categorized social economy actors as falling into one of three categories: 1) welfare/gap-filling, 2) alternative or 3) radical/disruptive. This approach, along with other we explored in the class, can be used as a critical framework for analyzing examples of social enterprise and social economy practice. With a small group (3 to 5 people), choose a community business/social economy case from the list below. Present the case to the class. Your presentation should portray a passionate, convincing argument of why the organization is important, or how it is shaping its community in a new and positive way (inspire us). Your presentation should also employ Hudson’s framework as an analytical lens for the case. Your presentation of the case should touch on some of the themes from the class (entrepreneurial approach, structure, sustainability, etc.).
Case
Slow Money

Resource(s) http://www.slowmoney.org/ Transition Town

http://www.transitionnetwork.org/

CEDIF

http://www.gov.ns.ca/econ/cedif/

Dockside Green

http://www.docksidegreen.com/

Open Source
Ecology

http://opensourceecology.org/

Station 20

http://station20west.org/

SABRI

http://www.sabrinl.com/

Sumac Worker Co- http://sumac.coop/ op op

If you would like to propose a case of your own choosing, you are encouraged to do so.
For preparing good presentations, I suggest you follow the spirit of Guy Kowasaki’s 1020-30 rule: http://sixminutes.dlugan.com/10-20-30-rule-guy-kawasaki-powerpoint/

Sousa



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