...Effects of Mass Media on Pakistan Media: Media: In communication, media are the storage and transmission channels or tools used to store and deliver information or data. Mass Media: Mass Media: Mass media is a term used to denote a section of the media specifically designed to reach a very large audience such as the population of a nation state. Mass media is the major source of providing news and entertainment to the people who want to know who is doing what and what is happening. Following are the types of mass media. Electronic Media Print Media Interactive Media Electronic Media: Electronic Media: In the last century, a revolution in telecommunications has greatly altered communication by providing new media for long distance communication. Analog telecommunications include traditional telephony, radio, and TV broadcasts. Digital telecommunications allow for computer-mediated communication, telegraphy, and computer networks. Communications media impact more than the reach of messages. Modern communication media now allow for intense long-distance exchanges between larger numbers of people (many-to-many communication via e-mail, internet forums). On the other hand, many traditional broadcast media and mass media favor one-to-many communication (television, radio, cinema, newspaper, magazines). Print Media: Print Media Newspapers are social / commercial phenomenon because they talk about social issue of concern and have extensive commercialism attached. Interactive...
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...meaning * is made up of the products a society makes and the processes that create those products * can be defined as the symbols of expression that groups and societies use to make sense of daily life and to articulate their values * Mass media – the cultural industries and channels of communication – can then be seen as the distributors of culture. * the history of mass media can be traced through five main eras: * oral * written * print * electronic * digital * Mass communication – the process of delivering cultural messages to large and diverse audiences through media channels. Oral and Written Forms Begin the Dialogue * The oral and written ears spanned many centuries, from around 1000 BC to the mid-fifteenth century. * Knowledge was passed along through word of mouth * As societies progressed, the written word developed and changed the way people communicated Printed Words Revolutionized Everyday Life * Johannes Gutenberg invented the printing press in the fifteenth century * the printing press: * transformed the printed word from a luxury only afforded by the rich into the first mass medium * possessed three new...
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...Agenda Setting, and Priming: The Evolution of Three Media Effect Models by Dietram A. Scheufele & David Tewksbury In this article, Scheufele & Tewksbury describe the theories of news framing, agenda setting and priming and begin to explain how theorists have shown them to be related and different. Framing refers to how information about an issue is presented and influences an audience's understanding of an issue. The authors describe this as an applicability effect. This is because framing involves the suggesting that two concepts are connected. When one is exposed to messages that do this they begin to accept that the two concepts are connected. Agenda setting occurs when the issues that are given prominence by mass media are also considered important by the audience. Priming happens when audiences base their evaluations of politicians and governments on information they receive from media. The authors describe agenda setting and priming as accessibility effects as they involve the idea that information is made more accessible in the minds of audience members by mass media. One important piece of information the authors share about these...
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...| Course Syllabus College of Humanities HUM/186 Version 3 Media Influences on American Culture WCFYS0712 | Copyright © 2012, 2011, 2009 by University of Phoenix. All rights reserved. Course Start Date: Tuesday, 8/28/2012 Week 2: Tuesday, 9/4/2012 Week 3: Tuesday, 9/11/2012 Week 4: Tuesday, 9/18/2012 Week 5: Tuesday, 9/25/2012 Course End Date: Tuesday, 9/25/2012 Facilitator Information Ststeve Headley sheadley@email.phoenix.edu (University of Phoenix faculty) Steve.Headley@phoenix.edu (work) 727-642-4993 (cell) 513-551-5144 (Work) Course Description The course provides an introduction to the most prominent forms of media that influence and impact social, business, political, and popular culture in contemporary America. It explores the unique aspects of each medium as well as interactions across various media that combine to create rich environments for information sharing, entertainment, business, and social interaction in the United States and around the world. Policies Faculty and students/learners will be held responsible for understanding and adhering to all policies contained within the following two documents: University policies: You must be logged into the student website to view this document. Instructor policies: This document is posted in the Course Materials forum. University policies are...
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...Media Freedom in Pakistan: Curse or a Blessing The right to pursue knowledge is often an underrated phenomenon especially in respect to current political scenario. We live in a world overloaded with information and keeping something hidden has become a tougher task than it was 20 years ago. This eruption of information has resulted in the growth of a class amongst the masses who are more politically and socially aware than the previous generations. However, it is also important to realize the costs that this knowledge can concur on one’s individuality and perception of events. Media in all forms is a prime source of information today. It helps mould people’s opinion, is a catalyst for social progress and is also creating a populace which is politically aware. There are multiple private news channels, numerous magazines and newspapers along with varied Radio channels in operation today in Pakistan. Much of this progress, ironically, has come under the tutelage of a military dictator of Pervez Musharraf in the past decade. This begs a question: does the lack of provision of knowledge in totalitarian regime impede the social progress of its subjects? Pakistani media industry has blossomed from a sole state-sponsored TV channel to an efficient profiting industry. It’s not a surprise that many of the private TV channels are run purely as a business entity because of which journalistic ethics suffers unfortunate casualties. However, it is these channels which are responsible for...
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...ITRODUCTION In an attempt to understand ‘new media’ and politics we need to define what ‘new media is and what politics is. First we start by defining politics. According to Mansoor Maitah, Politics, in the broadest sense, is the activity through which people make, preserve and amend the general rules under which they live. Lasswell also defines politics as the process of who gets what, when, and how. He believes that politics is the process of allocating scarce values. He comes up with this equation; politics = allocation values (resources) wealth status power. By definition ‘new media’ according to Marshall McLuhan (1980) generally refers to the digital media which is interactive, incorporate two- way communication and involve some form of computing as opposed to ‘old media’ such as telephone, radio and TV. However there is a thin line between ‘old media’ and ‘new media’. This is because the ‘old media are getting digitized and some have consolidated with some ‘new media’ forms. Therefore we surround the term ‘new media’ with quotation marks to signify that they are digital interactive media. Without the quotation marks we generally are denoting media which is new to the context of discussion. To illustrate this, TV at is invent was new media and therefore cannot be said to be ‘new media’. Also parts of the world that have not received certain types of media will call them new media when introduced to them. GAGETRY DEFFERETIATION FROM THE PLAT FORMS.-TO BE DONE VIRTUAL...
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...Mediating Mark Duggan The press is a section of the mass media industry that focuses on presenting current news to the public and is one of the largest forms of media we have in Britain. The press and media in general insist that it is only fact and truth that is reported to the public, however, there are times when the media either permits itself to be manipulated or to act as the agent of manipulation; seemingly, we as the public, receive the opinions of the few, select people that are running the mass media who use the power of mediation to position audience response through encoded values with the media acting as an opinion leader (2-step flow). Mark Duggan was shot by armed police in Tottenham, August 2011, after officers stopped the cab he was in to make an arrest. Duggan was unarmed at the time yet just hours later stories were circulating the media about a dramatic ‘shootout’ with Duggan represented as a ‘violent gangster’. Within just two days of his death, riots had erupted in London as well as copycat riots in other cities up and down the country and reported globally by the press. Before getting out of hand, the riots were a direct response to the actions of the police. Mark Duggan didn’t hit the front page until after the riots had begun and it is likely that, similar to the case of Stephen Lawrence, the audience will never fully know the reality of the initial event. The final inquest report (2014) ruled that the killing was lawful. Looking back on the newspaper...
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...Society February 9, 2012 News in American Society News is defined as “a report of recent events” or “previously unknown information” (Websters Dictionary). News should be something that has a specified influence of effect. For instance, good news would be the end of a war and bad news would be the beginning of a war, and so forth. “News has two priorities: it must be current, and it must mean something to people” (Media Awareness Network). What is the purpose of this news though? There are many objectives of news, but the main objective of news is to inform the audience (Media Awareness Network). This is because of the notion “Intrinsic Human”, better said as a need to know society. We live in a society that definitely needs to know what is going on around them; whether it is locally or half way across the world. Without news, people tend to stress and sometimes are faced with anxiety (Philip Benoit, Powerpoint). With that said, informing the people of such “news” is the job of the news media. The media inform people locally, nationally, and globally about what is going on around them and the important events that have happened in the past, present, and are going to be happening in the future. If we cannot directly observe everything that is going on around us, we must have another way to observe; and the only other option is for a person(s) to find that news for us and make us, as a society, aware. “For much of American history the mass media have been the center of controversy...
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...Media representation of women Media have been reflectors of dominant values and work as an active agency aiming at reinforcing and strengthening dominant value structure. There is no doubt that mass media like TV, film, radio newspapers and magazines mould opinion, thinking, attitudes and behaviour. TV and films are more powerful as their reach and impact is greater than that of other media. All of these media have greater reach among men than women, but what catches the attention of the feminists and other concerned people is the unrealistic, negative portrayal of women in these media. Mass media do give coverage to women and their issues but damage done by media to women is more than the help offered to them. The role of media in the development of women and enhancement of their status in the society is very depressing. All mass media are being blamed for this. Mass media have been powerful agents of social influence but they have not been effective in portraying women in meaningful, respectable and positive manner. In 1978, a major UNESCO study on the portrayal and participation of women in the media found that the portrayal of women in the mass media globally was consistently poor. The study also confirmed that there was severe under-representation of women in the upper cadres of all media organizations, and that the average media woman earns less than her male counter-parts. Studies carried out in South Asia in 1986 confirm that women are portrayed either as docile...
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...Mass Media Revision Notes The mass media are forms of communication which reach large audiences. They can be split into two groups: Traditional media * TV * Radio * Cinema * Music * Newspapers * Books New media * Internet * Dvd * Digital television * E mail In society today it is very difficult to avoid the mass media. There is a division between the press (newspapers) and broadcasting (TV and radio) The press in the UK Newspapers and magazine which are privately owned and are commercially run for profit They are financed through advertising and sales which means they are in competition with each other Some newspapers reach a national market such as the Guardian and others a local market such as the Yorkshire Evening Post Newspapers can be divided to broad sheets which is considered to be the quality press and the tabloids such as the Sun and the Mirror Broadcasting in Britain This refers to the TV and the radio. In the UK we have public television which is the BBC – this is funded by the TV licence fee. We also have commercial television which aims to make money through advertising. In recent years there has been a move towards the sponsorship of programmes – Cadbury’s and Coronation Street – and now companies can pay to see their products feature in TV programmes, this is called product placement. Technological developments In 1980 there were only three channels – BBC1, BBC2 and ITV – we now have additional terrestrial channels...
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...Influences of Visual Media Paper HUM/176 Professor Craig Bowler There are many forms of visual entertainment readily accessible to us; it has become the primary source of entertainment. Visual entertainment only has not helped shape American culture but also its values. Visual entertainment comes in many forms; whether it is reading a newspaper, magazines, or just watching television. Visual media has many numerous advantages as well as some disadvantages. Advisements are used to target individuals that find their product appealing. This compels viewers to buy the latest technology gadget or to wear the latest fashion clothes. Media has also changed the way we communicate and this has improved our culture in many ways. For example, in the recent years it has been possible to connect on real time with someone across the world through a computer. Now we are able to connect with people through a simple device like the IPhone 4S. The IPhone 4S lets a person talk through face time and allows them to see each other. Visual media has also made a huge impact on young children and teenagers. With all the new artists coming out changing the music and media culture the younger generation is looking up to them more each day. The younger generations view these artists as role models and want to be exactly like them. The music industry has changed media forever. Artists have introduced us to many different cultures...
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...Theory of Communication and Media Technology in Modern Life Details Written by Debora Yona Category: Development Communications Technology Published: May 6, 2014 The development of information technology and continues to grow today. Media continues to grow following the seiringnya time. Utilization of the media will be felt if everyone used it to match what is needed. For example, television is very large striving for perception and behavior, these media provide insight and effects that can be accepted by the mental and the power of human thought. The use of this medium can be carried out in accordance with the rules of its use, do not go beyond the limits that should not be done. Utilization of the media also have an impact beside which can also lead to anti-social behavior therein. And it has been many theories exposed highly related to media including: - Uses and Gratification In this theory explains that a group of people or himself had considered active and selekti in using the media as a way to meet his every need. This theory in the mentioned by forward by Elihu Katz, Jay G. Blumlerm and Michael Gurevitch in 1974. In this theory focused on the use (uses) media for satisfaction (Gratifications) or to one's needs. It can be said also that every individual or the audience to be as social beings who possess selective in receiving a message from the mass media. So it can be concluded a group of people or the media users who use the media as a way to memenuhiu...
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...entertainment media shapes American culture on how they perceive certain things when watched on television. The violence we are exposed to in movies and television is not any different from the violence in people’s actual lives seventy years ago. The only thing that is different is the standards the culture has accepted over the years. An example is husband and wives. Up until the nineteen sixties husbands and wives were not allowed to be shown together in bed. They had to be shown in twin beds and a table in the middle. The Dick van Dyke is a prime example of this because this was what the entertainment media wanted to portray in society then. In the present day sex is more talked about as a culture and the culture has changed to accept it on media. Andy Griffith Show is another example reinforcing values to the culture of its times. This show reinforced values and morals through comedy. The Audience was more likely to treat their neighbors with a little respect versus hating them. Soul Train was a musical show that stood the test of time. It stood the test of time because it was about music and dancing no matter the performer or the content of music played on the show. Musical shows of today have used Soul Trains format but have adjusted to the times but in all kept in mind that there are children watching the programs. American culture has put more than enough trust into entertainment media. The culture allows the entertainment media to provide them with news, entertainment...
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...|Mass Media socialization jarayoniga sezilarli| |The media has a lot of control over the |СМИ имеет много контроля над процессом |darajada o'z hissasini kushib kelmokda | |socialization process. |социализации. Когда человек смотрит на | | | |ценностей общества и один видит, что средства|media sosyalizasyon jarayoni ustidan nazorat,| |When one looks at the values of a society and one|массовой информации значительно изменились за|bir joyi bor. Bir jamiyatning qadriyatlari | |sees that the media has changed significantly |последние тридцать лет в плане сексуального |qaraydi va bir media jinsiy tarkibi, jinsiy | |over the past thirty years in terms of |содержания, сексуальных оттенков и насилия. |o'zgachaliklar va zo'ravonlik jihatidan | |educational content, sexual undertones, and |Люди стали онемели программ и о том, что в |o'tgan o'ttiz yil davomida sezilarli darajada| |violence. People have become numb to programs and|прошлом создали бы переполох. |o'zgardi ko'rganida. Odamlar dasturlari va | |reports that in the past would have created a |СМИ помогли формировать наши социальные |o'tmishda bir hayajonga yaratgan edi | |stir. |нравы. Когда СМИ представляет гомосексуализм |xabarlarga karaxt bo'lib qolgan. | |The media has...
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...According to “The American Press Institute” the purpose of journalism is to provide citizens with the information they need to make the best possible decisions about their lives, their communities, their societies, and their governments. We may add or subtract the roles and purposes but the core remains the same, to educate and inform the masses in a way that they can build a progressive and peaceful society. Rajab proposed in Gulf news that media production across all its forms has the most significant impact on the behavior of the individual and society, and it is the main source for the formation of public opinion. The most critical factor important for security and stability in any society is a community awareness that can be achieved through multiple means, the most important of which is the media in its various forms and shapes,” she said on Sunday evening as she addressed a gathering of media professionals in Kuwait. Passion plays and pageants remind us that in the broadest sense of the term, reenactment is not new. The recent spate of "reality"-type reenactment programs like 1900 House, Regency House, and The Ship has examples in "docudramas" such as the PBS production An American Family (1973) and MTV's Real World, launched during the early 1990s. Alexander Cook and Katie King, contributing to this volume, point out that such programs also share structural similarities with observational film and hence often have an experimental character. While reenactment seems widespread...
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