...The Geography of Greece The ancient Greeks had no central government. They were not building an empire. They were just exploring and expanding and establishing "outposts" as their population grew. Each of these outposts was an independent city-state. Some of these city-states thought of themselves as Greeks. Over time, most begand to think of themselves as friends (or enemies) of the Greeks. So you might find an outpost whose people believed in the same gods and goddesses as the ancient Greeks, but who did not speak Greek or who did not have the same customs as the Greeks or who did not wear the same style of clothes as the Greeks. A good example is the city-state of Troy, located on the Turkish coast. The Greek city-states were grouped together at the southern end of a very large peninsula located in southern Europe, that jutted out into the Mediterranean Sea. A peninsula is a piece of land surrounded by water on three sides. Smaller peninsulas stuck out from the main Greek peninsula, forming a great deal of natural coastline and many natural harbors. The Greeks could always count on seafood to eat, but they needed a source of fresh water to settle down in an area. Greece has lots of mountains. They are not huge mountains like the Alps. But they are big enough to provide two important things - a source of fresh water, running down the mountains in creeks and streams, and a system of natural defense barriers. The ancient Greeks found it very difficult to visit some of the...
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...It was so expensive that only kings and very wealthy people could afford it. Another thing they had were Cedar trees. These trees were prized over all other trees. The wood had a pleasant smell to it, strong and very straight. This wood was always the first pick for any holy structures like temples or palaces. People paid lots of money for the cedars. These trees became the symbol of the Phoenicians and their descendants and were part of how they were remembered. Egypt and Mesopotamia were in desperate need of these trees because they did not have sufficient wood for their needs. The beams and planks from the Timber trees were at most four meters in length. The date trees were too soft to hold heavy stones. Phoenicians sailed to Mediterranean and Southwestern European ports. One of the many Phoenician ports was Sidon, a word that means fishery in Greek. Both Sidon and Tyre were the most powerful city-states in ancient Phoenicia. People there were great merchants in the ancient times. When the Greeks overthrew the Cretans, the Phoenicians began to manufacture and trade through the sea even more. Their land had many hills, and was not fertile. Therefore, it was bad for farming. Also, they would have to use the salt water from the sea if they wanted to farm, which was not suitable for the seeds and plants. Without the main thing most civilizations thrived on, that is, fertile land they had to look for other options. Since they had timber, which was good for ships, crafts and...
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...1. The Empires described in the quote above built their power mostly directly on B) The technology of gunpowder 2. The quote accurately describes all of the following empires EXCEPT A) Han China 3. Sikhism is accurately defined as a region that D) Originated in India, with a blend of Muslim and Hindu beliefs 4. Which of the following decisions by the Portuguese most directly affected the Arab African cities of the east coast of Africa? B) To monopolize the Indian Ocean Trade 5. All of the following are common problems that the Muslim Empires of 1450-1750 shared EXCEPT: A) Sunni-controlled governments whose power was seriously challenged by a Shi’a minority 6. Which of the following European powers established hegemony over the Indian Ocean trade during the 16th Century? D) Portuguese 7. A dividing line drawn by the Pope to separate Portuguese and Spanish claims was established through the C) Treaty of Tordesillas 8. by the 16th Century the center of commercial activity for Europeans had shifted from the Mediterranean to the E) Atlantic Ocean 9. Whose beard is being cut off in the picture above? C) A Russian Boyar during the reign of Peter the Great 10. What is the main reason that the individual’s beard is being cut off? A) To make him comply with an official order intended to make his country modernize 11. The successful return of Magellan’s ship Victoria to Spain in 1522 signaled that? B) Europeans were now positioned to make themselves masters...
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...Genoa is a port city located in northwest Italy. It is the capital of the Liguria region with its urban area extending up into the surrounding hills. Genoa is one of the largest ports in the Mediterranean and one of the most important ports in all of Italy. Throughout history Genoa has had an important role as a maritime power. Its prime location on the Mediterranean set Genoa up for success with the ability to increase globalization and trade through connecting major countries through its crucial port. The port was founded by Etruscan and Phoenician sailors in the 6th century BC due to its excellent location and because it could work as a natural port. Around this same time a Ligurian trading settlement was formed in Genoa. This later allied...
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...Opening paragraph, needs edits but Greece, officially known as The Hellenic Republic, is a mountainous country in southern Europe located at the southern tip of the Balkan Peninsula bordering Bulgaria, and surrounded by three seas, the Mediterranean, Aegean, and Ionian Seas. Greece is one of the most popular places in the world for tourists to visit due to both of it’s ancient and modern tourist attractions. The Greek population consists of over 11 million people. Language, history, tradition, and religion play an important role in the culture of the Greeks. By maintaining respect and sensitivity to the cultural influences and traditions of the Greek people, our military would be able to take advantage of more respect from the native people...
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...Republic of Albania, it is situated in Southern Europe. It borders with Montenegro to the northwest, Kosovo to the northeast, the Republic of Macedonia to the east and Greece to the south and southeast. It has a coast on the Adriatic Sea to the west, and from the Ionian Sea to the southwest. It is less than 72 km (45 mi) from Italy, across the Strait of Otranto which links the Adriatic Sea to the Ionian Sea. Meanwhile Italy with 60.6 million inhabitants, it is the fifth most populous country in Europe, and the 23rd most populous in the world. To the north, it borders France, Switzerland, Austria and Slovenia along the Alps. To the south, it consists of the entirety of the Italian Peninsula, Sicily, Sardinia–the two largest islands in the Mediterranean Sea–and many other smaller islands. Both countries are...
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...consumption of olive oil can help prevent heart disease and reduce the risk of some cancers. In response to the growing market for olives, “its cultivation area has tripled in the past 44 years, passing from 2.6 to 8.5 million of hectares” (Bartolini, 2005). Besides the valuable fruit the olive tree produces, the tree appeals to growers because it can withstand periods of drought, requires little maintenance, and is extremely resilient. Despite their tough exterior, however, olive trees require specific climate conditions to yield high-quality fruits and oils. Only a few locations in the world – the Mediterranean basin, Southern California, central Chile, southwestern South Africa, and southwestern Australia – possess the Mediterranean climate ideal for olive cultivation. The Mediterranean climate regions of the world typically experience cool, wet winters and mild-to-hot, dry summers. Mediterranean climates prevail “only in the mid-latitudes and then only on the western side of continents because of the earth’s atmospheric circulation of high pressure cells that control the temperature and precipitation patterns of the climate” (Rosenvall, 2009). During the summer, sinking air from the subtropical highs produces generally fair weather, diverting any storm systems...
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...volley professional and introduced me to the sport and she bought it. The reason why I have selected this activity is because it contributes to strengthen the relationship with my girlfriend, sharing and enjoying together an important portion of my few spare times, since my job is very time consuming being “up in the air all the time”. I therefore killed two birds with one stone, keeping my girlfriend happy without sacrificing my preferred hobby: playing sport. Beach Volley, as any other sport, is good for both physical and mental health. It makes my little heart muscle big and strong and it helps me get rid of toxins from the body. When I am on the beach playing with the “guys” I feel relaxed and, looking at the immensity of the Mediterranean Sea I am able to forget the daily difficulties and recharge my battery. Furthermore, it helps me on my self-awareness development. During this period when the current crisis is oppressing specific sector like the public research, I feel the need to collaborate in activities that contribute to the improvement of some sector of society. And I have found that only by giving back, by helping others along the way, do I truly find fulfillment. I could make good money out of it but the benefit in terms of social emotional intelligence, and the pleasure I get from it is more than a rewards. Last but not least, is the contribution that this activity is giving to my personal and professional development: the...
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...Describe the products or services of your business KIBBE [pic] Batata harra "spicy potatoes" is a Lebanese vegetable dish mainly consisting of potatoes, red peppers, coriander, chili, and garlic which are all fried together in olive oil. Batata Harra is usually served as mezze (appetizer). [pic] OTHER TYPICAL DISHES Ackawi - white cheese originating from the Palestinian town of Akka now called Acre or Akko Baba ghanouj - char-grilled aubergine (eggplant), tahina, olive oil, lemon juice, and garlic puree-served as a dip. Baklava - a dessert of layered pastry filled with nuts and steeped in Attar Syrup (orange [or] rose water and sugar), usually cut in a triangular or diamond shape. Kunafi - shoelace pastry dessert stuffed with sweet white cheese, nuts and syrup. Kibbeh - the national dish, mainly stuffed, can be made in different form like (fried,uncooked,cooked with yogurt) Kibbeh nayye - raw kibbeh eaten like steak tartar. Kofta or Kafta - fingers, stars or a flat cake of minced meat and spices that can be baked or charcoal-grilled on skewers. SALADS Fattoush Salad A traditional Lebanese salad, with romaine lettuce, tomatoes, cucumbers, radishes, parsley, sumac & toasted pita croutons, tossed in our lemon olive oil dressing. Tabbouli Salad Freshly chopped parsley, mixed with bulgur wheat, diced tomatoes, fresh lemon juice & extra virgin olive oil. Greek Salad Fresh lettuce, tomatoes, cucumbers, bell peppers, red onions, & radishes, tossed...
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...Javier Mariscal is a Valencian Spanish artist and designer whose work has spanned a wide range of mediums, ranging from painting and sculpture to interior design Javier Mariscal, who was born in Valencia in 1950, has developed his professional career in Barcelona. The Mediterranean culture of both cities is revealed in his work: he has inherited the hedonism, optimism and symbolism that characterise his designs from it, as well as the vibrant range of colours and his poetic approach. Before dealing with projects from a multidisciplinary point of view became a recognised value, his professional activity was already highlighted by moving from one discipline to another without complexes, thanks to his untiring curiosity and his passion to innovate to contribute to make everyday life more interesting, easier and friendlier. The creation of Estudio Mariscal in 1989, made up of a team of specialists who closely collaborate with him, allows him to deal with integral projects. Mariscal has international projection and great media repercussion due to the fact that he knows how to communicate directly with the general public, as does his work. His great speciality is drawing, therefore his attitude when faced with any commission is an artistic one, using a universal, timeless language which adds value, uniqueness and emotion to his projects. His boldness parallels the great challenges he has taken on, from the mascot for the Barcelona Olympic Games to the overall design of an extremely...
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...Marine Litter Distribution and Density in European Seas, from the Shelves to Deep Basins Christopher K. Pham1,2*, Eva Ramirez-Llodra3,4, Claudia H. S. Alt5, Teresa Amaro6, Melanie Bergmann7, ¸ Miquel Canals8, Joan B. Company3, Jaime Davies9, Gerard Duineveld10, Francois Galgani11, 9 12 1,2 Kerry L. Howell , Veerle A. I. Huvenne , Eduardo Isidro , Daniel O. B. Jones12, Galderic Lastras8, ´ ˆ Telmo Morato1,2, Jose Nuno Gomes-Pereira1,2, Autun Purser13, Heather Stewart14, Ines Tojeira15, 8 16 5 Xavier Tubau , David Van Rooij , Paul A. Tyler 1 Center of the Institute of Marine Research (IMAR) and Department of Oceanography and Fisheries, University of the Azores, Horta, Portugal, 2 Laboratory of Robotics `ncies del Mar (ICM-CSIC), Barcelona, Spain, 4 Norwegian Institute for Water Research and Systems in Engineering and Science (LARSyS), Lisbon, Portugal, 3 Institut de Cie (NIVA), Marine Biology section, Oslo, Norway, 5 Ocean and Earth Science, University of Southampton, National Oceanography Centre, Southampton, United Kingdom, ¨ 6 Norwegian Institute for Water Research, Bergen, Norway, 7 Alfred-Wegener-Institut, Helmholtz-Zentrum fur Polar- und Meeresforschung, Bremerhaven, Germany, 8 GRC `ncies Marines, Departament d9Estratigrafia, Paleontologia i Geocie `ncies Marines, Facultat de Geologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Campus de Pedralbes, Barcelona, Geocie Spain, 9 Marine Biology & Ecology Research Centre, Marine Institute, Plymouth University, Plymouth, United Kingdom, 10 Netherlands...
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...History of the Olive The Olive in California Mythology The olive was native to Asia Minor and spread from Iran, Syria and Palestine to the rest of the Mediterranean basin 6,000 years ago. It is among the oldest known cultivated trees in the world - being grown before the written language was invented. It was being grown on Crete by 3,000 BC and may have been the source of the wealth of the Minoan kingdom. The Phoenicians spread the olive to the Mediterranean shores of Africa and Southern Europe. Olives have been found in Egyptian tombs from 2,000 years BC. The olive culture was spread to the early Greeks then Romans. As the Romans extended their domain they brought the olive with them. 1,400 years ago the Prophet of Islam, Muhammad, advised his followers to apply olive oil to their bodies, and himself used oil on his head. The use of oil is found in many religions and cultures. It has been used during special ceremonies as well as a general health measure. During baptism in the Christian church, holy oil, which is often olive oil, may be used for anointment. At the Christmas mass, olive oil blessed by the bishop, "chrism", is used in the ceremony. Like the grape, the Christian missionaries brought the olive tree with them to California for food but also for ceremonial use. Olive oil was used to anoint the early kings of the Greeks and Jews. The Greeks anointed winning athletes. Olive oil has also been used to anoint the dead in many cultures. The olive trees on the Mount...
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...The Secularization of Priests During Spanish Period The Opening of the Suez Canal The Suez Canal, which connected the Red Sea and the Mediterranean Sea, was inaugurated in 1869. It was built by a French engineer named Ferdinand de Lesseps. By passing through the Canal, vessels journeying between Barcelona and Manila no longer had to pass by the Cape of Good Hope, at the southern tip of Africa. Thus, they were able to shorten their traveling time from three months to 32 days. Thanks to the Suez Canal, trading in the Philippines became increasingly profitable. More and more foreign merchants and businessmen came to the colony, bringing with them a lot of progressive ideas. The Filipinos not only gained more knowledge and information about the world at large; they also gained the desire for freedom and improvement in their lives. The Secularization Controversy Two kinds of priests served the Catholic Church in the Philippines. These were the regulars and the seculars. Regular priests belonged to religious orders. Their main task was to spread Christianity. Examples were the Franciscans, Recollects, Dominicans, and Augustinians. Secular priests did not belong to any religious order. They were trained specifically to run the parishes and were under the supervision of the bishops. Conflict began when the bishops insisted on visiting the parishes that were being run by regular priests. It was their duty, they argued, to check on the administration of these parishes. But the regular...
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...Cumberland Island is one of the Sea Islands of the southeastern United States and is the largest in terms of continuously exposed land. It is located on the Atlantic Ocean off the coast of the U.S. state of Georgia and is part of Camden County, Georgia (30°51′N, 81°27′W). Cumberland Island constitutes the westernmost point of shoreline on the Atlantic Ocean in the United States. The island is 17.5 miles (28.2 km) long, with an area of 36,415 acres (147.37 km2 or 56.25 square miles), including 16,850 acres (68.2 km2) of marsh, mudflats, and tidal creeks. There is no bridge to the island; most visitors reach the island by the Cumberland Ferry from St. Marys. ------------------------------------------------- Ecology The island has three major ecosystem regions. Along the western edge of the island there are large areas of salt marshes. One will also see gnarled live oak trees covered with Spanish moss and the palmetto plants at the edge of Cumberland's dense maritime forest. Cumberland Island's most famous ecosystem is its beach, which stretches over 17 miles (27 km). The island is home to many native interesting animals, as well as non-native species. There are white-tailed deer, squirrels, raccoons, nine-banded armadillos, wild boars,American alligators, as well as many marshland inhabitants. It is also famous for its feral horses roaming free on the island. Welcome to Georgia's largest barrier island and one of the most spectacular natural habitats in the Northern Hemisphere...
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...locals alike. Connected to La Rambla are several smaller streets (hence why it is sometimes called Las Ramblas) which connect the main avenue to several important areas within the city. These include the Gothic Quarter of Barcelona (essentially the older part of the city housing several churches and cathedrals) and La Boqueria (a public fresh produce market that has been in operation since the 13th century), making La Rambla more or less the heart of Barcelona where you can get a taste of the city's local culture at its very best. For the love of tapas Speaking of 'taste', food is obviously an essential part of a traveller's experience, bringing to mind the question: what to eat in Barcelona? With Barcelona being a port city along the Mediterranean, one might be tempted to say 'seafood' but while the paella de marisco (traditional Spanish wet rice with seafood) in Barcelona is to die for, might I suggest a more unique gastronomic adventure? Tapas is a culinary culture unique to Spain. The food is often served in smaller portions and typically costs 3 EUR (3.35 USD) per dish and is more about enjoying the company of friends and sampling the many flavours of Spain than it is an actual meal (but that doesn't mean it's not filling!). And while tapas dishes are readily available throughout Spain, the dishes vary between regions. In Barcelona, some of the must-try tapas (with a local twist) are: pan con tomate (toasted bread infused with tomato and olive oil), patatas bravas (deep fried...
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