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“Metrology Helps Automation Deliver More, Faster”

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“Metrology Helps Automation
Deliver More, Faster”

Combinaciones de sistemas y tecnologías más eficientes
El mundo de la automatización en la producción ha avanzado de forma estable y constante. Sin embargo la definición de automatización ha ido cambiando con el tiempo en compás con las soluciones que la metrología ofrece directamente en los procesos de manufactura. Cuando la automatización del proceso inspección en la industria manufacturera se traslada cerca del punto de producción en la fábrica, se generan grandes beneficios dado que el incremento de los procesos de inspección mejora la calidad del producto y las habilidades en producción esbelta.
Existen gran diversidad de tecnologías que usan sensores combinados con marcos de control de movimiento que crean celdas de medición avanzadas en medio de los procesos, y que permiten una retroalimentación con la máquina para el control de estos. Este tipo de tecnologías permiten a las empresas reemplazar herramientas inflexibles y de alto costo. Mediciones robóticas en medio de los procesos, la producción y los sistemas de ensamblaje asistidos por la metrología guiada, son usados de forma confiable en diversas industrias como la aeroespacial, la médica y la automotriz.
Los fabricantes encuentran beneficios cuando alcanzan la automatización usando una combinación de estas tecnologías como lo son mejor calidad de los productos, costos operativos más bajos, throughput consistente, entre otros. Sin embargo no se puede usar sistemas de automatización para todo tipo de proceso de manufactura, ni se debe reemplazar toda interacción humana con estos sistemas. Se debe estudiar con cuidado si la automatización de la metrología encaja bien en cada proceso. Los procesos repetitivos de análisis de información, áreas de alto consumo de tiempo, de intenso trabajo y tareas cíclicas; son buenos candidatos para la implementación de sistemas automatizados.
Existe gran variedad de soluciones disponibles para las operaciones asistidas mediante metrología, sin necesidad de incorporar un CMM (Coordinate Measuring Machine). Rastreadores láser integrados a los robots son usados para inspeccionar partes de productos aeroespaciales, generadores de energía, automóviles, equipos pesados entre otros. Luego se debe evaluar la posibilidad de implementar sistemas semi automatizados, que pueden resultar más eficientes en cuanto a costos y a soluciones productivas. La decisión debe basarse en la precisión requerida, la complejidad de las partes, la capacidad de limpiar las piezas antes de ser medidas, la tecnología elegida, el personal que implementará y brindará apoyo técnico al sistema y los costos asociados por la integración.

Bibliografía
Everling, Scott. "Metrology Helps Automation Deliver More, Faster" Manufacturing Enginering 154.4 (Abr 2015): 14.

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