...T E D N AT I O N S C O N F E R E N C E O N T R A D E A N D D E V E L O P M E N T WORLD INVESTMENT REPORT 2013 GLOBAL VALUE CHAINS: INVESTMENT AND TRADE FOR DEVELOPMENT New York and Geneva, 2013 ii World Investment Report 2013: Global Value Chains: Investment and Trade for Development NOTE The Division on Investment and Enterprise of UNCTAD is a global centre of excellence, dealing with issues related to investment and enterprise development in the United Nations System. It builds on four decades of experience and international expertise in research and policy analysis, intergovernmental consensusbuilding, and provides technical assistance to over 150 countries. The terms country/economy as used in this Report also refer, as appropriate, to territories or areas; the designations employed and the presentation of the material do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Secretariat of the United Nations concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. In addition, the designations of country groups are intended solely for statistical or analytical convenience and do not necessarily express a judgment about the stage of development reached by a particular country or area in the development process. The major country groupings used in this Report follow the classification of the United Nations Statistical Office. These are: Developed...
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...both epochs and further examines the implications of this process both in the past and in the present as it includes three main characteristics, increases in international trade, investment and finance. Nayyar defines globalisation as a “deepening economic integration in the world economy” and is cautious to advise that this process is neither symmetrical nor new. Paradoxically he points out that whilst globalisation in the new era advocates free trade, this freedom is limited to the flow of goods and services whilst restricting the movement in labour. The period 1870-1914 was a true era of free trade, where the dominant ideology was economic liberalism. This was an era of rapid growth in international trade, finance and investment where statistics showed that Western Europe was the engine of this growth. In theory it was believed that trade liberalization was the sole variable responsible for the expansion in international trade. Nayyar points out that the increase in international trade was more the result of a strategy to increase trade between the developing world and the developed world than trade liberalization. Likewise international investment expanded rapidly between 1870 and 1914. This investment formed a significant part of the output for the developing and industrializing world and was a source of income for the net...
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...Buddy Berrevoets Studentennummer: 20071568 Groep: 3 E3 2009-2010 Sector report British Car Sector . Toegepaste Economische Wetenschappen - Bedrijfskunde Executive Summary This report elaborates on the most common trends and evolutions in the business environment of the car sector, as well as globally as in the United Kingdom. The United Kingdom is home to many car manufacturers as well as auto part producers. It is the most varied car sector in the world and is well known for its multinational companies as well as some of the more exclusive manufacturers that concentrate on a certain niche. The sector recently had to cope with the recession, as well as all other car sectors in the world. It is now in progress of recovering from its slump and progressing quite well. Investments are being made and some companies are even expanding. This report will give you a general idea of the investment possibilities in the British automotive sector, but one should keep in mind that there are numerous possibilities if one is interested in investing in a car sector. Most important is to be aware of the increasing regulations that manufacturers have to fulfill in regard to environmental measures and safety. These are emerging markets that should be taken full advantage of. The best way to do that is to invest in stocks of multinational manufacturers who have the capability of marketing their products and are able react quickly on this growing trend. Table...
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...Foreign Direct Investment in the Indian Telecommunications Sector By Keith Green Abstract This paper will examine the current status of foreign direct investment (FDI) in the Indian telecommunications sector and the issues facing foreign companies seeking to invest in the Indian telecommunications sector. The paper concludes with a brief econometric examination of the factors influencing the level of FDI in the Indian telecommunications sector. Introduction In the early 1990s India began to open up an economy that was previously closed to foreign direct investment (FDI). The liberalization in India included the gradual granting of authority for foreign direct investment in specific sectors of the economy. India has received significant inflows of foreign direct investment after liberalizing its economy in 1991 (see Figure 1 in the appendix). FDI inflows to India have exceeded many other ASEAN countries over time. However, China, not depicted in Figure 1, continues to be the leading destination for FDI in the Asia-Pacific region. India has achieved substantive improvements in telecommunications access since opening its telecommunications sector in the early 1990s. However, India has realized fewer benefits than were possible during the period of market reform. The slow implementation pace of liberalization, disparity between urban and rural areas and unclear regulations have impeded the flow of investment to the telecommunications sector in comparison to other emerging market...
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...1 Attracting Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) to India Ramkishen S. Rajana, Sunil Rongalab and Ramya Ghoshc April 2008 --------------------------a) George Mason University, Virginia, USA. E-mail: rrajan1@gmu.edu . b) International Professional Services Organization, Hyderabad, India. E-mail: sunil.rongala@gmail.com c) Claremont Graduate University, California, USA. Email: ramya.ghosh@cgu.edu We thank Rajeev Ranjan Chaturvedy for useful research assistance. The usual disclaimer applies. 2 1. Introduction Economic policymakers in most countries go out of their way to attract foreign direct investment (FDI). A high level of FDI inflows is an affirmation of the economic policies that the policymakers have been implementing as well as a stamp of approval of the future economic health of that particular country. There is clearly an intense global competition for FDI. India, for its part, has set up the “India Brand Equity Foundation” to try and attract that elusive FDI dollar. According to UNCTAD (2007), India has emerged as the second most attractive destination for FDI after China and ahead of the US, Russia and Brazil. While India has experienced a marked rise in FDI inflows in the last few years (doubling from an average of US$5-6 billion the previous three years to around US$ 19 billion in 2006-07) (Figure 1), it still receives far less FDI flows than China or much smaller economies in Asia like Hong Kong and Singapore was ahead of India (Figure 2). Not...
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...CONFÉRENCE DES NATIONS UNIES SUR LE COMMERCE ET LE DÉVELOPPEMENT UNITED NATIONS CONFERENCE ON TRADE AND DEVELOPMENT World Investment Report 2013 Global Value Chains: Investment and Trade for Development Country fact sheet: Pakistan (Millions of dollars and percentages) Foreign direct investment (FDI) overview, selected years FDI flows Pakistan Inward Outward Memorandum Bangladesh Inward Outward India Inward Outward South Asia Inward Outward Asia and Oceania Inward Outward Developing economies Inward Outward World Inward Outward 2005-2007 (Pre-crisis annual average) 2009 2010 2011 2012 as a percentage of gross fixed capital formation 2005-2007 2010 2011 2012 (Pre-crisis annual average) 4 021 84 2 338 71 2 022 47 1 327 62 847 73 16.1 0.3 8.3 0.2 5.5 0.3 3.4 0.3 768 9 17 766 11 501 25 631 12 015 296 342 162 585 452 023 238 224 1 490 966 1 534 429 1995 5 408 266 700 29 35 657 16 031 42 438 16 507 327 174 211 609 530 289 273 401 1 216 475 1 149 776 2009 17 673 1 851 913 15 21 125 15 933 28 726 16 383 403 626 284 673 637 063 413 220 1 408 537 1 504 928 2010 19 828 1 362 1 136 13 36 190 12 456 44 231 12 952 438 182 311 537 735 212 422 067 1 651 511 1 678 035 2011 20 916 1 401 990 53 25 543 8 583 33 511 9 219 408 924 308 742 702 826 426 082 1 350 926 1 390 956 2012 25 395 1 524 5.0 0.1 5.4 3.5 5.8 2.8 11.6 6.4 13.3 7.1 13.3 13.8 3.8 0.1 3.9 2.9 3.9 2.3 8.3 5.9 10.2 6.7 10.2 10.9 4.3 5.9 2.0 5.3...
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...http://www.economywatch.com/economic-statistics/Venezuela/GDP_Per_Capita_PPP_US_Dollars/ Venezuela (Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)) GDP Per Capita (PPP), US Dollars Statistics Venezuela GDP per capita PPP (http://www.tradingeconomics.com/venezuela/gdp-per-capita-ppp) The GDP per capita, adjusted by purchasing power parity, in Venezuela was last reported at 12233 US dollars in December of 2010, according to the World Bank. Previously, the GDP per capita PPP in Venezuela standed at 12513 US dollars in December of 2009. The GDP per capita PPP in Venezuela is obtained by dividing the country’s gross domestic product, adjusted by purchasing power parity, by the total population. Historically, from 1980 until 2010, Venezuela's average GDP per capita PPP was 8192.61 dollars reaching an historical high of 12899.71 dollars in December of 2008 and a record low of 5517.44 dollars in December of 1980. This page includes a chart with historical data for Venezuela's GDP per capita PPP. [pic] Venezuela GDP Growth Rate (http://www.tradingeconomics.com/venezuela/gdp-growth) The Gross Domestic Product (GDP) in Venezuela contracted 0.00 percent in the third quarter of 2010 over the previous quarter. Historically, from 1997 until 2010, Venezuela's average quarterly GDP Growth was 0.69 percent reaching an historical high of 22.70 percent in June of 2003 and a record low of -15.30 percent in March of 2003. Venezuela is the fifth largest national economy in Latin...
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...INTERNATIONAL ECONOMICS THEMES AND ISSUES MMN222154-13- AB THE IMPACT OF FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT ON ECONOMIC GROWTH IN NIGERIA BY AZUMONYE M. CHUKWUEMEKE S1344407 INTRODUCTION Over the years, the debate on the role of foreign direct investment (FDI) as a factor that induces economic growth has received the attention of policy makers, researchers and international organizations (Tumala et al, 2011). There is no denying that most countries strive to attract foreign direct investment (FD1) because of its putative advantages as a tool of economic development. Therefore, this essay seeks to ascertain the extent at which growth in foreign direct investments (FDIs) influences economic growth in Nigeria in the long-run and investigated the empirical relationship between FDI and privatization. Nigeria, after independence began with an economy that was mostly driven by the public sector. According to Tumala et al (2007), Nigerian Enterprises Promotion Decree (NEPD) of 1972 imposed several restrictions on FDI entry, thereby earning the tag „the indigenization policy‟. It reserved 22 business activities exclusively for Nigerians, including advertising, gaming, electronics manufacturing, basic manufacturing, road transport, bus and taxi services, the media and retailing and personal services. Foreign investment was permitted up to 60 per cent ownership and provided that the proposed enterprise had, based on 1972 data, share capital of N200, 000 ($300,000) or turnover...
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...Raising Capital 10 Goldman Sachs 2011 Annual Report For Prada, the time had come to capitalize on the power of a global brand In 2010, Prada, one of the world’s most recognizable fashion brands, knew it was time to go public, and that the place to do it was Hong Kong. The reason for choosing Hong Kong was simple: Asia, with its fast-growing economies, had become Prada’s biggest growth market. By 2010, Asia had rivaled Europe and had outpaced North America, accounting for 43 percent of Prada’s annual sales. With Goldman Sachs’ London investment banking team working with the family-owned company, Prada began preparing to go public in 2007. Postponed by the global financial crisis, the IPO was moving forward again in 2011, with Goldman Sachs as lead underwriter. As the IPO approached, work on the complex transaction stretched across continents and disciplines. While our London team worked with the company on capital markets strategy, our Hong Kong investment banking team took responsibility for deal execution. In marketing the offering worldwide, Goldman Sachs helped Prada present its story to more than 250 leading investors. The IPO raised $2.5 billion. It was the largest consumer goods IPO ever in Hong Kong, and the largest IPO to date of any global luxury brand. The offering enabled Prada to reduce its debt while funding future growth across China and the rest of Asia. By 2015, China alone is estimated to comprise 20 percent of the world’s luxury goods market. Prada...
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... SR/GFC/11‐9 SESRIC REPORTS ON GLOBAL FINANCIAL CRISIS – 9 SESRIC REPORTS ON THE GLOBAL FINANCIAL CRISIS European Debt Crisis and Impacts on Developing Countries STATISTICAL ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL RESEARCH AND TRAINING CENTRE FOR ISLAMIC COUNTRIES (SESRIC) 1 SESRIC REPORTS ON GLOBAL FINANCIAL CRISIS – 9 2011‐2 Issue EUROPEAN DEBT CRISIS AND IMPACTS ON DEVELOPING COUNTRIES July – December 2011 SESRIC Reports on Global Financial Crisis : The financial crisis which started in July 2007, when investors lost their confidence in the mortgage‐ and asset‐based securities in the United States, has deepened during 2008‐2009 with a global reach and affecting a wide range of financial and economic activities and institutions in both developed and developing countries around the world. As the crisis deepened, the governments of major developed and developing countries as well as international financial regulators attempted to take some mitigation actions and coordinate efforts to contain the crisis. Given this state of affairs, the SESRIC has been preparing short reports since May 2009 with the aim of monitoring the developments related to the current global financial crisis at the global, regional and national levels. In particular, these reports focus on the impact of the ...
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...CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 1.1. Objectives Sovereign Wealth Funds (SWF) is the terms that often made headlines for their deals, their investments, their transparency and sometimes the lack of it. They hold the people’s money, hence the scrutiny from public eyes. They also have more aggressive risk appetite than the usual reserve manager of a country which uphold the liquidity, security, and profitability principals and that results in an even more detailed scrutiny to the SWF. The term SWF itself has first mentioned by Rozanov in 2005 when he wrote for Central Banking Journal1, but actually SWF have been around since before that. For example Government of Singapore Investment Corporation and Temasek Holdings, the two prominent SWF from Singapore have already been established in 1981 and 1974, respectively. SWF’s asset under management amount is also increasing overtime. Preqin estimated that the growth of asset is up from USD 3.07 trillion in December 2008 to USD 6.3 trillion in March 2015 as seen in Figure 1.1 Sovereign Wealth Fund Assets under Management2. Norway’s Government Pension Fund currently has the biggest asset among them which is amounting to USD 882 billion3. It is interesting to see whether the smaller counterparts from Asia also enjoys the rise in their asset as well. The objectives of this paper is to comprehend and appreciate the dynamics of smaller SWF from emerging and developing Asia (IMF definition)4. 1 Rozanov, Andrew, 2005. Who holds...
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...SOCIALLY RESPONSIBLE INVESTING: THE MATURING OF FINANCIAL ANALYSIS Brenda Plant Can one get rich by being responsible? Yes, one can: “To look beyond the investment bottom line does not imply forgetting profits,” says Brenda Plant. To help shed light on this issue, she reviews the state of socially responsible investment in Canada, the evidence regarding its economic performance and the strategies available to implement it. She observes that the financial community remains skeptical and ill-prepared to provide that type of service and that, overall, Canada is lagging behind. To keep pace with other jurisdictions world wide, she recommends that Canada amalgamate the multitude of securities regulators into a single national body. Peut-on à la fois s’enrichir et être socialement responsable ? Oui, croit Brenda Plant : « On peut voir au-delà du rendement d’un placement sans nécessairement renoncer aux profits », dit-elle. Pour éclairer la question, elle analyse l’état des investissements socialement responsables au Canada, leur rendement et les stratégies favorisant leur implantation. Les milieux financiers restent sceptiques à leur égard et mal préparés pour offrir ce service, observe-t-elle, et, d'une manière générale, le Canada accuse en la matière du retard par rapport à d’autres pays. Pour rattraper ce retard, elle propose du fusionner en un seul organisme national la multitude des organismes de réglementation du commerce des valeurs mobilières. T he recent crisis in confidence...
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...the city’s overflowing poor who hawk goods in the street by day and the homeless who lie on the sidewalks by night. The Mövenpick, which opened in 2011, fits the model of a modern international luxury hotel, with 260 rooms, seven floors, and 13,500 square feet of retail space displaying $2,000 Italian handbags and other wares. But it is exceptional in at least one respect: It was financed by a combination of two very different entities: a multibillion-dollar investment company largely controlled by a Saudi prince, and the poverty-fighting World Bank. The investment company, Kingdom Holding Company, has a market value of $12 billion, and Forbes ranks its principal owner, Prince Alwaleed bin Talal, as the world’s 29th-richest person, estimating his net worth at $18 billion. The World Bank, meanwhile, contributed its part through its International Finance Corporation (IFC), set up back in 1956to muster cheap loans and other financial support for private businesses that contribute to its planet-improving mandate. “At the World Bank, we have made the world’s most pressing...
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...P age |1 Summer Internship Project “Scope of investment in Real Estate in India & Real State investment: A case study of Jaipur region” Submitted in partial fulfillment of PGDM program 2011-13 Submitted by: Harshit Jain 19/093 Corporate Mentor Mr Shantanu Mehra ( Channel Retail Sales Head) Faculty Mentor Mrs. Monica Arora (Assistant Professor) Apeejay School of Management New Delhi July 2012 SIP Project Report BY: Harshit Jain(harshitjain.asm@gmail.com) | 1 P age |2 CERTIFICATE This is to certify that the project work done on” Scope of investment in Real Estate in India & Real State investment: A case study of Jaipur region ” Submitted to Apeejay School of Management, Dwarka by Harshit Jain in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the award of PG Diploma in Business Management, is a bonafide work carried out by him/her under my supervision and guidance. This work has not been submitted anywhere else for any other degree/diploma. The original work was carried out during 14th may 2012 to 5th june 2012 in Customer First Concepts , Pvt. Ltd.( Currently working as a Marketing division of various townships in Jaipur region ). Date: Seal/Stamp of the Organization Name of the faculty Mentor SIP Project Report BY: Harshit Jain(harshitjain.asm@gmail.com) | 2 P age |3 Acknowledgements This summer internship project would not have been possible without the support of many people . I wish to express my sincere gratitude to my Faculty Mentor...
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...Executive Summary For the last five decades the pursuit of economic growth has been the single most important policy goal across the world. The global economy is almost five times the size it was half a century ago (Tim Jackson, Published by the Sustainable Development Commission © March 2009, P1). Economic growth is supposed to deliver prosperity. Better investment return could indicate excellent corporation development, and higher incomes should mean better choices, richer lives, and an improved quality of life for us all. However, the banking crisis of 2008 forced us to confront our inability to manage the financial sustainability of the global economy and the ecological sustainability as well. In addition, led the world to the brink of financial disaster and shook the dominant economic model based on economic growth to its foundations. The aim of this report is to define sustainable economy in terms of six themes: ecology and sustainability; population and demographics; science and technology; economy; geopolitics and security; society and culture. Also, analyze the effects of issues of sustainable economy on management’s governance of the Colourful Corporation. Based on these analyses, this report will provides recommendations about future vision and strategy top management could consider for a sustainable Colourful Corporation. Based on these analyses, the following recommended visions and strategis will be given for Management to keep the Colourful Corporation’s sustainability: ...
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