...Global Balance Abstract The global balance of power is defined by the pursuit of national goals in conjunction with the pursuit of transnational goals. Achieving global balance is critical to the success of nations. The United States and the European Union are examples of democratic entities that work on a global level through foreign policy to achieve national initiatives. This is evident through world trade systems, military involvement, common belief systems and the desire for our world to prosper socially, economically, politically and environmentally. Maintaining independent sovereign nations is achievable through collective work in the global sphere. The modern world is a complex combination of beliefs, cultures, societies and government combined to create global sources of power. Achieving balance within those multi-faceted sources of power is an ongoing struggle. While individual nations focus on their own needs, it is within the best interest of the global society to pursue goals that shape our collective world into a balanced representative entity. The global balance of power is not only defined by the pursuit of national goals, but transnational goals, as well. When one or more nationalities formally join to create a political union, this action constitutes a modern nation-state. According to Bergman and Renwick (2008), “The nation demanded personal dedication and allegiance from its citizens. Therefore, the perfect state was a nation-state...
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...Trade facilitation and development World trade has expanded rapidly over the past decades. This has been driven, in large part, by the changing nature of both production and increased competition in international commerce. Another important factor contributing to the growth in trade has been the periodic rounds of successful multilateral trade negotiations. These talks at the World Trade Organization (WTO) have led to a considerable reduction in tariffs on goods crossing national borders. Today, as the role of traditional trade barriers gradually vanishes, the focus of trade policy has shifted to the remaining non-tariff barriers to trade, including trade facilitation. Trade facilitation involves a wide range of activities centered on lowering trade transaction costs for firms in global commerce. These costs include the price of moving freight from the factory to final destinations. Firms must manage border clearance procedures and pay trade services fees, among many other steps after goods and services are produced. As such, trade facilitation involves much more than trucking goods across national borders or shipping a package by sea transport. [edit] Cross-country comparisons and performance There is an increasing body of empirical evidence about the impact of trade facilitation on export competitiveness and growth. Studies reviewed by the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD, 2002) indicate that trade transaction costs amount to up to 15 percent...
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... Sweden is predominantly agricultural, with increasing forest coverage as you move northward within the country. To emphasize it’s natural beauty, 65% of Sweden's total land area is covered with forests (Ministry of Environment). Thus, in regards to the natural environment of the country, it is only fitting that people strive to protect the country’s natural environment by going “green”. The EU is the only international organization that has the power to adopt extensive environmental regulations that are binding on its member countries. It is thus important for Sweden that the environmental requirements in the EU match up to an ambitious environmental policy. Sweden is also working to ensure that their country is a driving force to protect their environment and secure sustainable development within the country (Ministry of Environment). In terms of environmental policies within the country, Sweden has worked to set ambition goals for greenhouse gas reduction and to strengthen the position of the EU in global climate negotiations. They have suffered severely through the issue of acid rain, which is directly attributable to the gas emissions of companies within the country. This acid rain is not only hinders the agriculture of the country, but also jeopardizes the well being of the people actually living in the country. Sweden has also worked very actively to combat acidification so as to achieve emissions reductions (Ministry of Environment). Sweden is also consistently praised...
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...Running head: THE IASB AND FASB The IASB and FASB Amber Lynch ACC/541 Week 1 Paper March 10, 2014 The IASB and FASB Although the concept of the convergence of accounting standards is a new concept to some the idea has existed since the 1950’s. This idea came about as a solution for economic integration and the uptick in international business operations. When the project was first constructed it focused mainly on harmonizing the differences in principles that existed across many different capital markets throughout the world. The idea of harmonization remained in place until the 1990’s when the concept of convergence became the new priority. The concept of convergence centers on the concept of creating one set of accounting standards that would be used across all of the major financial markets in the world (FASB, n.d.). In order for this set of accounting standards to be uniform it requires the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) and the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) to work together towards the creation and implementation of the standards. The FASB has been the organization in charge of establishing the standards for financial accounting in the private sector within the United States since 1973 (FASB, n.d.). These standards are formally recognized by both the Securities and Exchange Commission and the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants (FASB, n.d.). They are more commonly known as Generally Accepted Accounting Principles...
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...“Local Economic Development can only be effective if all actors work in partnership.” Consider the arguments for and against this statement. Introduction With the ongoing discussions on universal development for all for sustainable economic growth, countries and regional bodies are focusing on the drivers for local growth within the different economic spheres. An important group for driving growth is local actors as one of the key stakeholders in this process. Ideally these partners should come from the government, private sector, civil society and community groups. This is to enable inclusion of all stakeholders involved and for collective responsibility. Governments mainly have been under pressure to build or realign institutions to function at local level and to create policies for their stakeholders that are inclusive. For the developed countries, focus is on allowing for bottom-up approaches like the Enterprise Zones and Local Enterprise Partnerships while for developing countries with large informal economies and weak institutions, the approaches vary partly due to failed policies in the past and the slow economic growth. On the international scale, development organisations have been tasked with coming up with better ways of dealing with particular regions characteristics to avoid the ‘one size fits all’ approach that previously existed. This has been deemed to be a more effective way of achieving sustainable growth. (UN Habitat, 2009) However the issue around how...
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...often have complex needs and are more likely to experience hospitalization, which may lead to further functional decline. These factors contribute to longer lengths of stay, increased risk of complications and adverse events. The key practices that support integration include: single point of entry, “at risk” screening, comprehensive assessment, service coordination and case management, care planning including advance care planning, clear communication processes including shared health records, patient empowerment and self-management, quality use of medications and ongoing monitoring. The healthcare system is complex and people have difficulty navigating the system due to inadequate linkage between organisations and services People with complex needs require a comprehensive range of services, delivered across organisational boundaries, with clear assessment processes, access routes and pathways through services. Both overseas and Australian experience indicate that case management is ideally targeted to individuals who are likely to receive the most benefit i.e. those with complex needs requiring intense management from a range of different organisations, as this is where case management is deemed most cost effective. Therefore, the focus of many integrated care projects is on service coordination as a way of integrating care management and creating care pathways through the system. The move towards models of integrated care is an effort to manage the labyrinth of the healthcare...
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...violated? How would you even know? Who is attempting to harm your network this time? Because of these complex issues, you need to understand the essentials of network security. This chapter will introduce you to the basic elements of network security. Once you have a firm grasp of these fundamentals, you will be well equipped to put effective security measures into practice on your organization’s network. While this textbook focuses on general network security, including firewalls and virtual private networks (VPNs), many of the important basics of network security are introduced in this chapter. In Chapters 1–4, network security fundamentals, concepts business challenges, and common threats are introduced. Chapters 2, 7–10, and 13 cover the issues and implementations of firewalls. Chapters 3, 11–12, and 14 discuss the use of VPNs and their implementation. Finally, Chapters 13–15 present real-world firewall and VPN implementation, best practices, and additional resources available regarding network...
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... The CEO has responsibilities as a director, decision maker, leader, manager and executor. The communicator role can involve the press and the rest of the outside world, as well as the organization's management and employees; the decision-making role involves high-level decisions about policy and strategy. As a leader of the company, the CEO advises the board of directors, motivates employees, and drives change within the organization. As a CEO presides over the organization's day-to-day operations. The term refers to the person who takes all the decisions regarding the upliftment of the company, which includes all sectors and fields of the business like operations, marketing, business Development, finance, Human resources, etc. 2. Chiefs Human Resources Officer (CHRO) – 2 Person (Internal and External) * Top CHRO concerns fall roughly into three broad categories: talent, capabilities and culture. i. Talent * Talent management includes building the quality and depth of talent, including a focus on succession and leadership or employee development. ii. Capabilities * Managing corporate capabilities includes dealing with rapid changes in technology, globalization, and the increasingly complex external context of government regulations and public policy (impacting union and employee relations, executive compensation, health care, retirement programs, health and safety, etc.). * The key capabilities required...
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...such aggressively pursued. The first, obvious reason is the high population of the country that is currently underserved from an automobile perspective. The country makes up 20% of the worlds’ population but only owns 1.5% of the worlds’ vehicles. The second reason is the high profit margin expected from the market. The Chinese automobile market had an average margin of 30%, while the global auto market was only 5%. The third reason is due to the limited existing competition. There was a limited mix of providers and competitors in the market – and they were not very strong. The final reason was the way the government managed the volume of new entrants. High tariffs and close management of how international corporations could engage meant that if GM could successfully enter the market, the competition would likely be manageable. General Motors took a joint venture approach with SAIC to enter the market, for reasons of benefit as well as government requirement – the latter reason having a bit more weight in the decision making process initially. In this agreement, the joint venture worked quite well across the companies and the Chinese Government for three main reasons. The first reason why it worked well was that there was significant, influential support at the most senior levels across all parties. The partnership had high-level SAIC and GM executive support in...
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...its origins in the six member European Economic Community formed by the ratification of the Treaty of Rome in 1957. The signatory member states were France, Germany, Italy and the Benelux states. It is submitted at the outset that the EEC was founded largely on fear. It is hard to appreciate from the perspective of 2008, exactly what motivated the founding fathers of the Treaty of Rome to pursue integration because the world has moved on, but in the 1950s the base motivation was manifest and pressing. The continent of Europe had endured two catastrophic World Wars in the space of one generation. War had ravaged each and every country of Europe, and in particular the founding member states. The architects of the Treaty of Rome, including Italian Prime Minister Antonio Segni, French Foreign Minister Robert Schuman and French civil servant Jean Monnet, while undoubtedly harbouring in the back of their minds lofty notions of improving the economic and social conditions of European citizens, were above all preoccupied with the goal of reducing the chances of a third world war starting on the continent. As stated, this fear is difficult to understand in the context of the early twenty first century and this is a testament to the greatest achievement of the European Economic Community and its successor organisations. The...
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...to the identification of the ‘best opportunity’ target countries is the application of the market attractiveness/competitive strength matrix (Figure 7.4). This market portfolio model replaces the two single dimensions in the BCG growth–share matrix with two composite dimensions applied to global marketing issues. Measures on these two dimensions are built up from a large number of possible variables, as listed in Table 7.2. In the following, one of the important dimensions will be described and commented upon. - Market expansion strategies, incremental versus simultaneous entry A firm may decide to enter international markets on an incremental or experimental basis, entering first a single key market in order to build up experience in international operations, and then subsequently entering other markets one after the other. Alternatively, a firm may decide to enter a number of markets simultaneously in order to leverage its core competence and resources rapidly across a broader market base. Entry on an incremental basis, especially into small markets, may be preferred where a firm lacks experience in foreign markets and wishes to edge gradually into inter- national operations if a firm is small and has limited resources, or is highly risk averse, it may prefer to enter a single or a limited number of markets and gradually expand in a series of incremental moves rather than making a major commitment to international expansion immediately. - market screening steps (criteria...
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...more often today than twenty or thirty years ago. Globalisation describes the increasing movement of people, knowledge, ideas, goods and money across national borders (Eberlein 2011:15). When talking about globalisation people mostly refer to the political, economic and technological changes which they think makes the world function differently today than it did twenty or thirty years ago It is assured that higher education institutions are affected by globalisation and are being transformed on a day to day basis and is speeding up the process of interconnectedness. Most of the universities are internationally recognised and in touch and informed with what other universities across the world is doing (Marginson & van der Wende 2006:4). According to Marginson and van der Wende (2006:4), “globalisation is not a single or universal phenomenon. It is nuanced according to locality (local area, nation, world region); language(s) of use, and academic cultures; and it plays out very differently according to the type of institution.” It is nearly impossible for single higher education institutions and countries to isolate themselves from other institutions across the globe because of the interconnected global environment. Globalisation has made it possible for institutions to be connected and visible to other institutions around the world through the medium of social networking and cell phones (Marginson & van der Wende 2006:4). 3. Globalisation and Communication ICTin South...
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...must first define what a leader is. Leaders have the ability to influence and motivate either a single person or group in order to achieve a goal or accomplish a task. When values or ideals are upheld by the leader, then they become a model ethical leader. The way one interprets leadership is not only formed by the world one lives in, but by the different situations one faces. With the world rapidly changing, the way one views a leader is changing as well. Several famous, well-known, individuals are thought of when one thinks of leadership. Oskar Schindler, a man who surrendered his reputation and money; who risked his own life in order to save lives of a people deemed his enemy is the perfect example of what an ethical leader is. A man, laden with faults and bad luck, rose above what was normal and did what was right. Oskar Schindler, recognizing the undeniable and horrific intentions of the Nazi Party, rebelled against the appalling acts that the Nazis committed during the Holocaust of World War II. He donated his entire income to save as many Jews as he could, experiencing greater achievement and prosperity compared to his failed business attempts as a factory owner. Due to his heroic actions, Schindler saved over 1,000 Jews from certain death. His bravery warrants praise for having risked everything dear to him, even his own life, in order to save those hated most. Schindler is an admired and ethical leader, but what makes him this way? Within this paper, we...
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...HSA 510: Economics of Health and Medical Care Student: Lucy Njoya Assignment 3: The Management Challenge of Delivering Value in Health Care Strayer University Professor: Dr. Jeff Kaluyu Due: Week 8 Introduction: The healthcare industry is evolving both nationally and globally, and as a result, the challenges facing health care services delivery organizations are also increasing. Health care professionals are the decision-makers and also the ones closely associated with the day-to-day decision making processes affecting the delivery of health care services and goods to patients. The economic evaluation of the health care services delivery systems has proven to play an important role in the different types of health care decision-making. For example, formulary decisions, reimbursement decisions, high health cost decisions, and e-prescribing. This makes it a point of interest to assess the influence of economic evaluations on health care decision-making both at the macro, me so, and micro levels. Even though the impact of economic evaluation studies on health care decision making has been limited, there is an increasing requirement for the cost-effectiveness of the health care intervention to be considered when formulating and implementing guidelines for clinical practices. What is encouraging at this moment is the fact that health care decision-makers do recognize the usefulness and necessity of published economic evaluations that rightly inform the public about...
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...DOUGLAS B. HOLT Brands and Branding Branding has become one of the most important aspects of business strategy. Yet it is also one of the most misunderstood. Branding is sometimes considered to be merely an advertising function. And many managers and business writers hold the view that branding is about the management of product image, a supplementary task that can be isolated from the main business of product management. This note provides an alternative perspective, arguing that: * Branding is a strategic point of view, not a select set of activities. * Branding is central to creating customer value, not just images. * Branding is a key tool for creating and maintaining competitive advantage. * Brands are cultures that circulate in society as conventional stories. * Effective brand strategies must address the four distinct components of brand value. * Brand strategies must be “engineered” into the marketing mix. This note develops a set of concepts and frameworks to guide the design of brand strategies. From Value Proposition to the Brand Marketing strategies begin with the value proposition: the various types and amounts of value that the firm wants customers to receive from the market offering. The value proposition is value as perceived by the firm, value that the firm seeks to “build” into the product.1 In marketing, the value proposition is sometimes referred to as the positioning statement.2 Common wisdom in business often assumes...
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