...philosophy, theology and psychology, allowing the reader to examine the differences and the likenesses between them. To further analyze, Entwistle states “The term integration suggests that it takes effort to find connection between psychology and theology because they have been dis-integrated, or torn asunder” (Entwistle, 2010, p. 16). Appealing to the reader to see the word ‘integration’ as both a noun and a verb. Initial opposition to integration is reflected in the story of Galileo’s verdict by the Roman Catholic Church. Entwistle provides further evidence of the relationship between faith and reason from many historical views and including (from Gaede) that ‘many major figures in the early development of modern sciences were Christians’ (Entwistle, 2010, p. 24). Which in turn lays the framework for the conversation of the sciences to have come from Christianity. In as much as the genesis of psychology might be inaccurately attributed to Sigmund Freud it was when he...
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...The Advancement Book Critique Liberty University BOOK SUMMARY L. Russ Bush, a dean and professor at the Southern Baptist Theological Seminary. His book entitled, The Advancement (2003), is an apologetic approach to naturalism. He came up with the term “advancement” to explain philosophical revolution because it was portray newness to modernism. He felt like the name “modern” seem outdated and old-fashion. Modern tends to provoke an attitude of staleness, rather than revolving and advancing. Bush’s book (2003) is divided into eight chapters. It starts with Chapter 1, entitled “The Worldview of the Advancement”. This chapter discusses the fundamental of compare and contrast of modern view and earlier view of God, nature, history and mankind. The second chapter of Bush’s book, The Rise in the Advancement of Science, pays particular attention the development of modern science. The rise of uniformitarian thought in evolution. “The human body is related to nature, and it is similar in many respects to the body of animals” (34). This thought does not include that the Christian view that a human body is different than animals. We have a soul, whereas, animals do not. Sigmund Freud’s The Future of an Illusion, argued that religion base on wishful illusion, rather than reality. Bush’s third chapter (2003), The Advancement and the Theory of Knowledge, concentrate on how science effects and outcomes with the absence of God. The Bible promotes the idea...
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...4-MAT Review of Integration of Psychology and Christianity by David N. Entwistle Integrative Approaches to Psychology and Christianity by David N. Entwistle (2010) encompasses some enlightening information about the history and path of theology and psychology coming together for Christian counseling. Entwistle suggests the two are in conflict with each other. This conflict is created due to one (theology) being grounded on faith and the other (psychology) built on truth. Throughout the next 13 chapters, the author builds on his remark, “The interaction of psychology and theology is virtually inevitable due to their mutual interest in understanding the ambiguities and mysteries of human behavior, and healing human brokenness.” (Entwistle, 2010). Summary The first section develops a historical context of spiritual integration. Entwistle offers references to Augustine, the Middle Ages, and medieval Scholasticism prior to transitioning into a history of psychology. The author quickly answers the infamous question, “What indeed has Athens to do with Jerusalem?” (Entwistle, 2010). He offers wherever and however truth is found, it is God’s truth. This being his primary presupposition that “All truth is God’s truth.” Building on truth, Entwistle suggests a person’s world view determines how they view the truth in their lives. He also suggests this world view is something learned by our family, experiences, religion and education, not something that is chosen. Our world view ultimately...
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...overall success of Bush’s work, this article deploys the use of a general summary, followed by a section of critical interaction, and finally a conclusion. In the end, elements of Bush’s argument prove invaluable, while others miss their target. Summary Chapter 1 begins with an historical review of the modern worldview formation. This includes first the secular worldview, inspired by the focus on freedom inherent in the Enlightenment. Bush then begins to explore the details of the Christian alternative. This discussion reaches a climax as he notes the contrast of the new and old worldviews. “In the earlier view there is a natural stability in both history and in nature. Progress or decline are products of a person’s relationship or lack of relationship to God, and neither is inevitable historically (15).” Ultimately Bush concludes, “The older worldview is not true (just) because it’s old, and it too may be in need of refinement in light of better understandings of the Bible, but authentic Christianity is the best antidote for a culture that is dying from the venom of the Advancement (17).” Chapter 2 begins to unveil the components of the overall worldview, that which Bush calls The Advancement. Here, again, Bush delves deeper into the historical...
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...CHRISTIAN ETHICS IN A POSTMODERN WORLD The Rise of Postmodernity Since Federico de Onis’s use of the term ‘postmodernismo’ to describe the Spanish and Latin-American poetry of 1905-1914 which had reacted against the ‘excess’ of modernism in 1934, (Rose 1991: 171) “Postmodernism” became very popular. It has been used in the fields of art (Christo-Bakargiev 1987), architecture (Pevsner 1967), literature (Hassan 1971), video, economics, films (James 1991), ideology (Larrain 1994: 90-118), theology (Tilley at al 1995), and philosophy (Griffin et al 1993). In trying to understand ‘postmodern’, we have to understand ‘modern’ first. According to Rose (1991: 1), there are many related yet different meanings associated with the term ‘modern’. First of all, Arnold J. Toynbee understands modern as referring to the historical phenomenon of The most significant of the conclusions that suggest themselves is that the word ‘modern’ in the term ‘Modern Western Civilization’, can, without inaccuracy, be given a more precise and concrete connotation by being translated ‘middle class’. Western communities became ‘modern’ in the accepted Modern Western meaning of the word, just as soon as they had succeeded in producing a bourgeoisie that was both numerous enough and competent enough to become the predominant element in society. We think of the new chapter of Western history that opened at the turn of the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries as being ‘modern’ par excellence because...
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...of God can be consolidated to provide the needs of the whole man. The author stated that all truth is God’s and everything that he made was good. Psychology is the study of human behavior and theology is the study of religion; both perspectives are disciplines that are learned. Integration will allow a better understanding of human behavior which neither perspective can do along. Since the Christian faith could not support man along, the mentally challenged suffered. Critics stated that the Christian faith did not keep Bible law concerning love and acceptance of homosexuality; the faith didn’t have the science or intellect to cure sickness, distorted perceptions and mental defects. Sin brought the fall of man and brokenness; yet, science through testings, assumptions, methods, experiments and discoveries were needed to fully care for humans; a holistic approach was needed to cure man. The Church was challenged to provide supreme knowledge to care for souls which lead to many new worldviews which were made up of disciplines that governed people’s lives. These worldviews have Enemies and Allies which were obstacles to integration. The Church accepted psychological perspectives to help the mentally ill; they vacillated in their belief and had attitudes towards the scriptures; this is why the work to restore man could not be done alone through the Church. Moreover, in order for psychology and theology to be combined, there must be experts to form combined disciplines...
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...Apologetics Application Paper: Part 1 (Grading Rubric) [pic] Late 10% or 6 points. TOTAL SCORE Apologetics Application Paper Instructions Choose a non-Christian target audience (see below for choices). Write a paper that demonstrates a solid working knowledge of the assigned course readings and accomplishes the following: 1. Summarize the worldview of that audience by using the main worldview categories discussed in the assigned course reading. This section of the paper must be approximately 1 full page. 2. Use Groothuis’ criteria for evaluating worldviews in order to reveal the significant ways in which the selected audience’s worldview fails in providing a livable, comprehensive system. This section of the paper must be 2–3 pages. 3. Discuss how Christianity can correct the selected worldview and offer a more reasonable alternative to the challenges faced. This section of the paper must be 3–4 pages in length. 4. Develop a plan to share and defend the Christian worldview with someone in the target audience. Take into consideration at least 2 of the following: the problem of evil; 2–3 theistic arguments; defense of the resurrection of Jesus; defense of objective truth and moral values. This section of the paper must be 3–4 pages. In addition to these requirements, the paper must have a proper introduction and conclusion and must follow the structure of a standard academic essay. When including both the proper introduction and...
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.......................... 1 Definition of Emerging.................................................................................................................... 2 Emerging from Modernism.................................................................................................... 2 Emerging from Culture.......................................................................................................... 3 Emerging Theology................................................................................................................ 4 Comparing Revisionists Theology with Orthodox Theology....................................................... 5 Identify with the Life of Jesus.............................................................................................. 6 Transform the Secular Realm................................................................................................. 8 Conclusion........................................................................................................................................ 9 Bibliography..................................................................................................................................... 12 Introduction The Emerging Church (EC) is a very recent development in the Christian Church’s history. While the term describes the movement that started nearly...
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...Quiz 1 Question 1 0 out of 3 points The following cannot be said of the Bible. Selected Answer: All of the above Question 2 3 out of 3 points Paul speaking on Mars Hill, as found in Acts 17, is an example of cultural apologetics. Selected Answer: True Question 3 3 out of 3 points In the 20th century most evangelicals spoke of culture from a “Christ above culture” perspective. Selected Answer: False Question 4 0 out of 3 points When Jesus healed the crazed man who lived in a graveyard near Decapolis the people of the city: Selected Answer: Refused to believe and did not go out to meet Him Question 5 3 out of 3 points Christianity is unique in its belief that humanity is hopeless and spiritual dead unable to save themselves through human effort. Selected Answer: True Question 6 3 out of 3 points Selected Answer: True All copies of the biblical manuscript are inspired just like the original manuscripts. Selected Answer: False Question 7 3 out of 3 points Because of the respect that people had for the Apostle Paul his message of Jesus Christ was accepted by almost everyone who heard him. Selected Answer: False Question 8 3 out of 3 points...
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...Quiz 1 Question 1 0 out of 3 points The following cannot be said of the Bible. Selected Answer: All of the above Question 2 3 out of 3 points Paul speaking on Mars Hill, as found in Acts 17, is an example of cultural apologetics. Selected Answer: True Question 3 3 out of 3 points In the 20th century most evangelicals spoke of culture from a “Christ above culture” perspective. Selected Answer: False Question 4 0 out of 3 points When Jesus healed the crazed man who lived in a graveyard near Decapolis the people of the city: Selected Answer: Refused to believe and did not go out to meet Him Question 5 3 out of 3 points Christianity is unique in its belief that humanity is hopeless and spiritual dead unable to save themselves through human effort. Selected Answer: True Question 6 3 out of 3 points Selected Answer: True All copies of the biblical manuscript are inspired just like the original manuscripts. Selected Answer: False Question 7 3 out of 3 points Because of the respect that people had for the Apostle Paul his message of Jesus Christ was accepted by almost everyone who heard him. Selected Answer: False Question 8 ...
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...submitted to Dr. Bruce Forrest in partial fulfillment of the requirements for Christian Apologetics APOL 500 Bobby Barnett 11/24/2013 Contents Section Page Introduction……………………………………………………………………………3 Summary……………………………………………………………………………….3 Critique…………………………………………………………………………………6 Conclusion……………………………………………………………………………...10 Bibliography…………………………………………………………………………….11 Introduction The society of today has come a long way in many disciplines such as technology. While the human race basks in the advancements of these many disciplines, a real danger that once was an unthinkable travesty has become an unfortunate reality. The reality is that as society enjoys the advances in science and knowledge, these advances are not progress at all but a hollow attempt of a society that has willingly begun to extinguish the light of faith in order to live in darkness spiritually. This is the domain of The Advancement by L. Russ Bush. Bush coins the term “advancement” and defines this term as the age into which society has now begun to descend on the vehicle of postmodern thought. The danger that Bush presents as inherent in the change to advancement thinking is that regression both physically and spiritually is interpreted as progression within the previous modern and postmodern paradigm. Summary The Advancement by L. Russ Bush is a presentation. Bush presents the word “advancement” as both a worldview and an era much like historians refer to the Medieval Era, Renaissance...
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...A 4-MAT Review System: Integrative Approaches to Psychology and Christianity Summary The book that will be reviewed in this paper is Integrative Approaches to Psychology and Christianity, which was written by David N. Entwistle. This book was meant for secular, spiritual, and Christian counselors. Entwistle wrote this book to teach these counselors how they can successfully integrate psychology and Christianity together. It is important to do this because there is a history of conflict that exists between science and religion as well as supernaturalism and naturalism. Science, being naturalistic, believes in things that can be observed and measured which conflicts with religion, which is super-naturalistic, since most things relating to it cannot be observed or measured. Thus began the conflict of science and religion. Entwistle (2010b) spoke of the conflict Galileo had because he believed in the science experiments he had conducted. These experiments taught that the universe does not revolve around Earth, the heliocentric model, however this conflicted with the church and its religious beliefs since they believed in the Aristotelian model (Entwistle, 2010b). After pushing for his beliefs in his books, he received punishment after the second book was released. Entwistle (2010a p. 8) also brought to our attention the question asked by Tertullian, “What indeed has Athens to do with Jerusalem?” This is asking us if there is harmony that exists between the church and teaching...
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...Liberty University Theological Seminary A THEOLOGICAL BOOK CRITIQUE: GOD IN THE WASTELAND A Theological Book Critique Submitted in Partial Fulfillment Of the Requirements for the Course Systematic Theology I - THEO 525 By Chad Stafford ID# 22235852 28 September 2008 TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction Brief Summary Capitulation Keys to reformation Critical Interaction Jesus and McGuire Modernization Displacement of God Loss of God’s transcendence and holiness Loss of God’s authority Moral Irrelevance Regaining our voice Conclusion 1 1 2 2 3 3 3 5 6 7 9 9 10 ii. Introduction God in the Wasteland: The Reality of Truth in a World of Fading Dreams is authored by David F. Wells, a distinguished seminary professor and theologian at Gordon-Conwell Seminary in South Hamilton, Massachusetts. No Place for Truth was his first significant treatise on the subject of evangelicalism’s theological corruption which grabbed the attention of the evangelical community. God in the Wasteland is a continuation and his second treatment of the subject, in a four-volume series, where the author seeks to further define the origins and problems of evangelicalism’s theological compromise while proposing solutions like radical resistance to modernity and restoration of God-centeredness as central to regaining ground that has been lost to modernity within the church. In this critique I will seek to primarily interact with Wells assessment of evangelicalism’s compromised condition, and secondarily...
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...against dissolution of personalistic, patriarchal notions of order and social relations and their replacement by depersonalized principles.” In the follow-up book to the five-volume Fundamentalism Project, Almond et al. (2003, p. 17) define fundamentalism as “a discernible pattern of religious militance by which self-styled ‘true believers’ attempt to arrest the erosion of religious identity, fortify the borders of the religious community, and create viable alternatives to secular institutions and behaviors.” Put most directly in the context of modernity, Antoun (2001, p. 3) defines fundamentalism as a religiously based cognitive and affective orientation to the world characterized by protest against change and the ideological orientation of modernism. Each of these definitions supposes a transnational, transcultural character to fundamentalism. It can be defined apart from its specifically unique historical circumstances. Some scholars and some practitioners argue that the term only applies to theologically conservative U.S. Protestants. They make this argument because the term was first used to describe this movement (see the next section) and because it is meant to apply only to a subset of people within a religious tradition. Muslims, for example, often argue that they cannot be called fundamentalist simply because they take the teaching of the Qur’an and their faith seriously. For if that were the criteria, then all Muslims are fundamentalist. And if this were true, the term ceases...
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...Bullecer, Leur Anne Fay January 29, 2014 Calangi, Kirsten Iola Cusi,Anne Christine Bautista, Luis Fernando Ipinasa kay: G.Aaron A.Tolentino, Guro Proyekto Modernization Theory Background of the Theory The idea of modernization is relatively new. Its basic principles can be derived from the Idea of Progress, which emerged in the 18th-century, Age of Enlightenment, with the idea that people themselves could develop and change their society. French philosopher Marquis de Condorcet was involved in the origins of the theory with the concept that technological advancements and economic changes can enable changes in moral and cultural values. Condorcet was the first to make the connection between economic and social development connection and that there can be continuous progress and improvement in human affairs. With that said, new advancements and improvements would need to keep pace with a constantly changing world. Furthermore, he encouraged technological processes to help give people further control over their environments, arguing that technological progress would eventually spur social progress. In addition to social structure and the evolution of societies, the French sociologist Émile Durkheim developed the concept of functionalism, which stresses the interdependence of the institutions of a society and their interaction in maintaining cultural and social unity. His most famous work is The Division of Labour in Society, which described how social order was...
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