...For centuries, mankind has wondered how the moon came to exist. The Greeks, the Romans, and the Egyptians all conjured their own myths and theories as to how the it came to be. Few people continue to believe these today, though, as new, scientifically backed theories have formed. Scientists believe that the moon’s formation either followed the co-accretion model, the capture model, the fission model, or the big impact model. The co-accretion model suggests that the Earth and its moon formed simultaneously from the same debris. This theory does not support the Earth and the moon’s difference in iron contents, so most scientists do not believe this occurred. The capture model proposes that the moon formed somewhere else in the Solar System and was later pulled by gravity into orbit. This theory also possesses problems as the physics of capturing an object as large as the moon is...
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...Race for the Moon “I’m glad I was at NASA at that particular time because we had a mission. We had support. And the reason we had that mission and the support was basically because we were in a political war… with the Soviets” (Borman). The space race, as it was known, had been a major competition between the United States and Russia during the mid-to-late twentieth century, also the time of the Cold War. During this era, the moon landing was the biggest success for the Americans and a symbol of power and, in a way, temporary, if not permanent, superiority over Russia. The United States proved to the world that they were finally able to “outrun” the Russians in the ongoing space race in being responsible for the first manned lunar landing in all of history. One of the most significant aspects of the moon landing, in general, was its establishment of America’s lead ahead of the Russians in the space race. A variety of steps and setbacks, however, had preceded the immense achievement. In 1958, to start the greatest project known to men, Eisenhower signed the National Aeronautics and Space Act of 1958 into law, establishing NASA. “I believe that this nation should commit to its goal, before the decade is out of landing man on the moon and returning him safely to the earth” (JFK). On March of 1959, United States sent an unmanned Pioneer 4 for the first American lunar flyby. A month later, on April 9th, 1959 the Space Administration introduced the very first seven American...
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...scene that significantly shows this; Her grandmother had given it to her as a brooch and she had had a ring made from it. He would try to count back to see how old it was. Had her grandmother got it from HER grandmother? And if so what had she turned it into? This shows the main character’s interest towards the aunt and a want to know even know about his mysterious aunt. After breaking promises with the aunt and reading the letter though, the main character and the elder’s relationship breaks and is never made up, or nobody tried to make it up. The main character regrets of his action, it is shown by him not saying anything to the insults the elder tells him, for example telling him that ‘you are dirt’. However, even though the elder ‘struck him across the side of the face’ and told him that he will ‘always will be dirt’ to her, she still seems to forgive him. Or at least it seems as though she did. Additionally, there is a part where the main character’s aunt keeps on loosening the crucifix she was holding. This is shown in the following quotation; They had tried to wrap her fingers around a crucifix but they kept loosening. This is showing how the...
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...It was a cool fall day at NASA. This day was the day; NASA was sending eight astronauts to the Moon to conduct further testing for extraterrestrial life on its surface. One man, in particular, stands out among the others. Jimmy Jenkins, also known as “Chief”, has embarked on many expeditions before, and will be the lead on this adventure. His fellow Crew mates are new to this type of work, and are willing to learn from the master himself. Among these seven are: Jeremy Smith, Jill Williams, Sarah Scott, Paul Latitude, José Tucker, John Locke, and Greg Hart. Greg specializes in engineering, fixing all the machinery that is broken. John specializes in navigation, which is vital to the mission. José specializes in statistics, and keeps up with how much cargo and supplies are on board. Paul specializes in nutrition and wellness, making sure everyone is well fed and...
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...During the early days of mankind, humans were led to believe that he or she were the sole entity of the universe. The Earth was thought of as exact center of the solar system, and that other planets revolved around it. Through the efforts and determination of individuals who refused to believe unchecked facts or documents, Earth is not the center of the universe but is instead a small piece to a larger solar system. The discoveries made by earlier pioneers of science Copernicus, Kepler, Galileo, and Newton. Developed ideas that help individuals understand the concepts of motion, and the formation of celestial bodies in space. Theories of gravity and space dramatically changed the views in which Individuals determine the origins of our Moon and other planets within our Solar System. As science and technologies progress, ideas of formations and motions in space provides more educated theories of how our world, or universe has formed and will continue to function. The Earth was formed about five billion years ago and is the earliest material in the solar system, which a solar nebula that collapsed from the formation of the sun ("How Did the Earth Form", 2012). Dust and gas from the solar nebula took about millions of years to form into the earth starting with center of the Earth to cool down and form a crust that allowed water to accumulate. The accumulation of water formed the oceans, which produced water vapor from asteroids and planets that collided with earth to form...
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...The Moon Landing On the day of July 20, 1969 the United States of America accomplished a colossal feat that astonished the world. After years of trial and error the United States of America was able to beat all odds and all other countries in putting a man on the Earth’s moon, two men to be exact. Neil Alden Armstrong, the first man to lay his feet on the moon’s surface and Edwin Eugene “Buzz” Aldrin Jr. who shortly followed became symbols of America’s self-proclaimed superiority. The controversy of this topic lies in many questions. What events took place that led up to the moon landing? Who was involved? How and why did we put a man on the moon and be the first? History itself can give us these answers but there is also one question that seems to still have people talking to this day and that is, did it really even happen or could it possibly be the United States of America’s greatest hoax? The Cold War began approximately in 1945 at the end of World War II. The United States, Great Britain and some other allied counties decided they wanted to contain communism in the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (U.S.S.R) and China. Although the United States of America and these communist enemies did not get in any physical battles during this war there was definitely a lot of unspoken threats and the flexing of muscles between the two super powers, the United States of America and the Soviet Union. One of the two biggest contests or “races” between the two countries began when...
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...Unit 9 Assignment 1: Geology of the Area Maryland’s Geology From the Atlantic coast on the east to the Appalachian Plateau on the west, Maryland has a great variety of geology and landforms. Maryland is part of six physiographic provinces (shown in the figure below). A physiographic province is a geographic area in which the geology (including lithology and structure) and climate history have resulted in landforms that are distinctly different from adjacent areas. An overview of the geology by physiographic province is provided below. Atlantic Coastal Plain The Atlantic Coastal Plain Province is underlain by a wedge of unconsolidated sediments including gravel, sand, silt, and clay, which overlaps the rocks of the eastern Piedmont along an irregular line of contact known as the Fall Zone. Eastward, this wedge of sediments thickens to more than 8,000 feet at the Atlantic coast line. Beyond this line is the Atlantic Continental Shelf Province, the submerged continuation of the Coastal Plain, which extends eastward for at least another 75 miles where the sediments attain a maximum thickness of about 40,000 feet. The sediments of the Coastal Plain dip eastward at a low angle, generally less than one degree, and range in age from Triassic to Quaternary. The younger formations crop out successively to the southeast across Southern Maryland and the Eastern Shore. A thin layer of Quaternary gravel and sand covers the older formations throughout much of the area. Mineral...
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...Beowulf Reading 1 Grendel’s motivation is similar to many other monsters that are told in other fictional stories. He was an exiled monster who was misunderstood by the rest of society. Grendel could not stand Heorot Hall because of how the people would proclaim that the earth is such a great place. “It harrowed him to hear the din of the loud banquet every day in the hall, the harp being struck and the clear song of a skilled poet telling with mastery of man’s beginnings, how the Almighty had made the earth a gleaming plain girdled with waters; in His splendor He set the sun and the moon to be earth’s lamplight, lantern for men, and filled the broad lap of the world with branches and leaves; and quickened life in every other thing that moved”(pg. 9 lines 87-98). He is upset that he cannot have fun like the people in Heorot Hall, so he figures he should ruin the fun that the others are having. I feel that Beowulf has more motivation to stop Grendel than Grendel has to cause mayhem. Beowulf’s father knows King Hrothgar, so Beowulf feels it his duty to help out his dad’s friend. I also think that Beowulf wants to defeat Grendel for the glory. He wants to show everyone that he is a strong and vicious warrior, so by defeating Grendel this can happen. Beowulf is well aware that he will also probably be awarded for slaughtering Grendel and protecting the...
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...The Lunar Prospector In 1992, a science group from NASA addressed some of the many unsolved scientific riddles facing the lunar science community. These riddles includes questions about evolution of the moon, its atmospheric constituents and earth moon system. The Lunar Prospector mission was launched in 1998 from Cape Canaveral using a Lockheed Martin LMLV2 launch vehicle. The Lunar Prospector mission designers selected the following objectives as their primary science requirements for the mission. 1) To search lunar atmosphere and its surface for any kind of potential resources like gases, minerals or even water. 2) To study and map the lunar gravitational and magnetic fields 3) To study about the size, structure and lunar core’s contents. In order to meet these scientific requirements, the lunar prospector carried a complement of five instruments to map the lunar surface. There were no cameras installed with the setup. Moreover, The Doppler gravity experiment was an additional experiment which used the whole spacecraft itself as an instrument. These installed instruments included Gamma Ray Spectrometer, Neutron Spectrometer,...
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...Unit 9 Assignment 1: Geology of the Area Maryland’s Geology From the Atlantic coast on the east to the Appalachian Plateau on the west, Maryland has a great variety of geology and landforms. Maryland is part of six physiographic provinces (shown in the figure below). A physiographic province is a geographic area in which the geology (including lithology and structure) and climate history have resulted in landforms that are distinctly different from adjacent areas. An overview of the geology by physiographic province is provided below. Atlantic Coastal Plain The Atlantic Coastal Plain Province is underlain by a wedge of unconsolidated sediments including gravel, sand, silt, and clay, which overlaps the rocks of the eastern Piedmont along an irregular line of contact known as the Fall Zone. Eastward, this wedge of sediments thickens to more than 8,000 feet at the Atlantic coast line. Beyond this line is the Atlantic Continental Shelf Province, the submerged continuation of the Coastal Plain, which extends eastward for at least another 75 miles where the sediments attain a maximum thickness of about 40,000 feet. The sediments of the Coastal Plain dip eastward at a low angle, generally less than one degree, and range in age from Triassic to Quaternary. The younger formations crop out successively to the southeast across Southern Maryland and the Eastern Shore. A thin layer of Quaternary gravel and sand covers the older formations throughout much of the area. Mineral...
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...Squidoo – Squidoo has an interesting blog post on why this author believes that the 1969 moon walk was a hoax. With many reasons to back up this argument, this writer uses many scientific and image-proven facts to get this point across. The article is broken down into the following categories, and is able to give evidence for each topic: 1960’s Technology, Time Frame, Photographic evidence analysis, Astronauts on wires, footage we weren’t meant to see, and so on. If you like reading articles that make you question your once strong beliefs, take a gander! Moon Hoax News – Moon hoax News is a blog dedicated to covering the latest in the hoax’ news over the years. Running since 2007, this site is dedicated to these beliefs. This site encouarges readers to delve into their own investigations of the hoax. Covering current issues about the Obama administration to modern day UFO spottings, this blog’s range of topics will keep you browsing. The Conspiracy Behind The Apollo Space Mission – This basic article written by Greg Scott, from the archives of articlebase.com, throws out the obvious (and not so obvious questions to those who are new to the topic) questions such as: Is there a breeze on the Moon? What Happened to the Stars? Keeping it simple, Greg states that it is only fair to be equally critical to both sides of the argument, and “like most conspiracy theorists, proponents of the hoax theory use lots of faulty evidence and misleading pseudo-science.” World History Blog...
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...Tabitha nobles11-19-11 Question #1 One limitation of preoperational thinking is egocentric thinking. This refers to a child’s inability to take another persons perspective or viewpoint on a situation. To a young child they do think that everyone must think about things just the way they do. They do not understand that other peoples perspectives might be different from their own. An example of this would be to put three objects on a table and have the child stand in front of the table and an adult on the backside of the table. So now you have a short person (child) and a tall person (adult) looking at the same three objects but from different viewpoints. You then ask the child to describe what he sees, and they will say exactly what they are seeing in front of them. You would then ask the child what does he think the adult is seeing and to describe it. The child will describe the same view of what he is seeing from where he is standing, their own perspective of the scene. This is because the child does not yet understand the logical necessity that someone looking at something they are from different place will have a different view. A second limitation of preoperational thinking is animistic thinking. This is when a child believes that inanimate objects have lifelike qualities. That objects have feelings and emotions. For example, when the sun is shinning this means the sun is happy. Or if the sun went down this is because the sun is tired. They also believe things in a...
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...many philosophers in the East and in the West including the Greek philosopher Aristotle believed that earth is the centre of this universe. It was left to Galileo, a prominent mathematician of Padua University to announce his discovery on January 17, 1610 that the Earth is a planet just like other planets revolving round the Sun, which is a star. It was also established that the sun due to its gravitational pull attracts all these planets which revolve round it. Apart from the Earth there are some other planets which go round the sun. These planets, however, vary in size and also in their distance from the sun. They have their own orbits, and the period of rotation also varies in each case. Some of these planets have satellites called moons, varying in number. Some do not have any satellites. Normally, if they do not have a counter pull, they should have been dragged into the sun by the gravitational pull. These gravitation pulls of the sun and the counter pulls of the planets are called centrifugal forces. The planets revolve round the sun in their own specific orbits. These planets could be arranged in an order based on their distance from the sun. The nearest to the sun is Mercury and the next is Venus. Third comes the Earth. Later in the same order come Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune and Pluto. Pluto is the most distant planet. If the are arranged in the order of size, the order would be ; 1. Jupiter, 2. Saturn, 3. Neptune, 4.Uranus, 5. Earth, 6. Venus,...
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...Merissa Hardaway Professor: Ms. Lawless English 1510 18 June 2012 Love Spell M’sieur Alce’e couldn’t bear the pain of leaving Calixta. His thoughts became scrambled. Alce’e would stop at nothing to see her again. Suddenly he was enraged. He wondered how to get Calixta away from her family. He wanted to be with her forever. Alce’e knew in spite of everything Calixta was a devoted wife. Nevertheless in that moment of passion Alce’e knew he had a place in her heart. Suddenly Alce’e remembered an old woman near the country side. This woman was a magic maker. The woman was known for her mysterious magic. Nevertheless no one knew the mysterious woman’s name. She was known for her spells and premonitions. The nameless woman was like a fortune teller that knew many things. She lived deep in the French countryside. This was the only person that could bring Calixta to him. Alce’e decided to find the nameless woman. Alce’e reached the countryside and embraced the smell of fresh grass. The woman’s house appeared in the rear of the secluded countryside. He entered and seen some of the most extraordinary things. There were books on shelves form the ceiling to the floor. He even saw glasses and jars full of mysterious potions. The woman even had a curious looking black cat. The house was set up like a store yet a home. The woman came out of a room with a beaded entrance. She spoke in a rhapsody voice and said, “What’s your pleasure”. Alce’e told the woman his...
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...Josh Watson Lesley Watson GS 1140 Mr. Griffin 10/11/2013 Project status report After numerous hours of research on the colonization of the planet Mars we have collected five real life hurdles that could be a threat to sustaining life on a planet other than earth. This group only contains two people. I Josh Watson, and my wife Lesley Watson. We have both teamed up and have done separate research on this topic and combined our information together to compare and contrast. The first major issue would be Terra forming. Terra forming literally means “Earth Shaping”. To colonize Mars we would need to terra form Mars into a planet comparable to earth. Yes Mars has an atmosphere with winds, clouds, seasons and days that are 24 hours long, but Mars has no magnetic field, thus resulting in lethal doses of radiation to humans. There has been evidence that suggests that the remains of polar ice caps have a magnetic field and are safe from radiation. If nothing else works then we would be limited to those areas. It might be possible to turn the Carbon Dioxide rich air into oxygen just like plants and trees do on earth but there would still be major issues with the planet not having a shield for protection. The cost of a trip to planet Mars is another hurdle that gets in our way. NASA has the ability to build a vehicle to take astronauts to Mars, but due to Barrack Obama’s decision to cut the Constellation program in 2010 it appears that any trips...
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