...weeks prior to this assignment. I chose early childhood 2-6 and middle childhood 6-10. These two stages seemed very interesting to me, maybe because I am planning to teach the Pre K age group. The first group is the early childhood group consisting of children from age two through six and the next is the middle childhood ages six through ten. In these two groups, you will see several characteristics or developments from physical, emotional, cognitive, intellectual, language, social, reading, writing, and interpersonal. I will begin with the physical development of both groups. This is where you will notice their motor skills. There are two different motor skills, gross and fine. Gross motor skills involve the larger muscles including the arms and legs. Actions requiring gross motor skills include walking, running, balance, and coordination. When evaluating gross motor skills, the factors that experts look at include strength, muscle tone, movement quality, and the range of movement and the other is fine more skills, which involve the smaller muscles in the fingers, toes, eyes and other areas. The actions that require fine motor skills tend to be more intricate, such as drawing, writing, grasping objects, throwing, and catching (Cherry, 2011). Early Childhood ages 2-6 Physical Development By the time, they reach two years old their fine and gross motor skills are developing even more. With the gross motor skills, they can balance themselves, run,...
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...brains, their creative abilities and in the way they play in addition to the amount of food they eat. The ages from two to six years are considered the early childhood years, and between six to twelve years are considered the middle childhood period. During these two periods there are four kinds of themes: sources of development, plasticity, continuity/discontinuity and individual differences. The sources of development are genetic, social, or cultured development. Genetic known as nature vs. nurture the plasticity is how much the development can be changed or manipulated, Human development during this time has same part continues and same part expect going the sages. Even during expected stages we don’t know for sure exactly when the child will be able to do particular activities. This paper will discuss ten events to expect in their child’s life. Sleep: In the stage of two and twelve-year old many the parents expect a number of physical changes during the early childhood and middle childhood in terms of the child’s sleeping period. Many adults and children do not get enough sleep because the children possible do not have food or enough food and healthy nutrition to sleep well. In early childhood development stage of the wake- up behavior more scheduled and has more hours. The United States was compared with in middle childhood; they do not sleep as much. other countries totally different because in the United States the parents typically put their children to bed at certain...
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...Stages of Development from Early Childhood Through Middle Childhood We can break child development into five separate stages. The stages consist of infancy (birth-2), early childhood (2-6), middle childhood (6-10), early adolescence (10-14), and late adolescence (14-18). For each stage there are different types of developmental achievements that will be reached. This paper will serve as a comparison for the early and middle childhood developmental periods. There will be a detailed comparison of the two age groups for each of the following developmental characteristics: • Physical development • Emotional development • Cognitive development • Intellectual development • Language development • Reading/Writing development • Social development • Interpersonal development Physical Development (Early Childhood) During the early childhood stage children begin to lose their roundish baby like appearance. Their bodies become more proportionate with the lengthening of their arms and legs. They begin to acquire fine motor skills. These newfound skills allow them to grip a pencil in more functional way. This is a good time to provide them with puzzles and blocks, as well as supervising them while they them use scissors and paper. Although it is normal for boys to be more physically active then girls both will show an increase in energy. They will develop more control over their...
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...CHAPTER 4 Early Childhood Early childhood (2 years to 6 years) is a critical period in the development of the human potential. Foundations for all aspects of development are laid during this stage. It is the period of the development of initiative. The child acts on his needs. If these attempts are supported and are quite successful, he develops a sense of confidence in himself. It is also referred to as preschool age. This child’s physical and motor development affects not only his succeeding physical growth and motor development but also his sense of identity and sense of control. His acquisition of language and understanding of concepts influence his intellectual development. His social interactions with his family and significant others determine how he progresses socially and emotionally. The family and the preschool need to be aware of the characteristics and needs in this stage so they can facilitate maximum growth and development of the child. Characteristics of Early Childhood Early childhood is characterized by the things young children do and learn when they are about three to six years old. 1. Activity Age - A healthy child engages in all kinds of tasks. 2. Discovery Age – The young child starts to learn many things about himself and his environment. 3. Exploration Age – The child manipulates his body and his environment. 4. Socialization Age – The child begins to meet people in his neighborhood and community. 5. Imitation...
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...Lifespan Development and Personality Marie A. Hines PSY/103 March 12, 2012 Colleen Donald Lifespan Development and Personality Early childhood development can be affected by a number of factors, and it is impossible to underestimate the immense importance of the early development of children. Erik Erikson's stage theory of psychosocial development contributed to the understanding of personality development throughout the lifespan. The lifespan development of human being involves the psychological and genetic alterations from the birth and end of the life. The progress of life is highly influenced by the hereditary and environmental factors involving the different aspects related to physical, cognitive, social, moral, and personality development (Shonkoff & Phillips, 2000). Erik Erikson felt as if middle age children between the ages of six and twelve is where they begin to develop the mental skills needed in later years.“Elementary school-aged children, who succeed in learning new, productive life skills, develop a sense of pride and competence (industry). Those who fail to develop these skills feel inadequate and unproductive (inferior)” (Carpenter & Huffman, 2010). The phase of physical development of a child is classified as gross motor skills development and fine motor skills development. Hereditary factors play an important role in the physical growth and characteristics development of the child in the middle...
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...transferable, traditional semester credits are required to successfully complete PSY 202 Adult Development and Life Assessment as their first course. PSY 202 is designed to help experienced students acclimate to the online college environment. Student Success Orientation The orientation is designed to provide students with a complete overview of the Ashford University experience, prepare them for success in their courses, and help them to self evaluate their readiness to succeed in an online classroom setting. Students will be instructed on Ashford University policies and the learner resources that are available to them through interactive videos and assessments. Students enrolled in orientation must successfully complete all assigned activities. EXP 105 Personal Dimensions of Education This course is designed to help adult learners beginning their university studies to achieve academic success. Students will explore learning theories, communication strategies, and personal management skills. Adult learners will develop strategies for achieving success in school and work. Students will also be introduced to the University's institutional outcomes and learning resources. Effective for courses beginning January 1, 2013, and after, a minimum grade of C- is required to meet course requirements. PSY 202 Adult Development & Life Assessment This course presents adult development theory and links theoretical concepts of life...
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...Developmental Process Presentation Child Development 202 Developmental Process Presentation There are many noticeable physical and mental differences between early childhood (2-6 years old) and middle childhood (6-10 years old). In early childhood their language and communication skills start to develop quickly. The child will begin to learn new vocabulary, the correct use of language in social settings and their grammar has noticeable changes. Even with all these advancements that are taking pace, it is still noticeable that these children are just in the beginning stages of learning as compared to children in middle childhood. In middle childhood children have already developed a set of language skills. They have the ability to use correct vocabulary during a conversation, effectively use language for different purposes such as school or a conversation with friends. They can also restate ideas and have the capability to speak in front of their classmates when giving presentations with confidence. Physical development in early childhood and middle childhood is extremely different. In early childhood children have an abundance of energy that they have a hard time controlling. In this stage children run instead of walking. They jump and skip showing the exuberant amount of energy that they have. During early childhood gross and fine motor skills are starting to become refined. A child’s hand eye coordination improves and they develop the ability to do tasks such as jump...
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...stones; as his physical and psychosocial development levels strengthens and grows. With Jara’nas psychosocial development stage of emotion, the bond between him and his mother is crucial from Jara’nas perspective. However, over time this attachment has formed into separation anxiety. Separation anxiety is when a child becomes distressed when the caregiver is not around and the child becomes dependent of the caregiver’s comfort (McLeod, 2009) . Bowlby (1969) expresses that when a child may feel distressed, threatened or upset, they will show these behaviors to look for their prime caregivers attachment and comfort. This is shown when Jara’na mother tries to drop him off at childcare, but he continues to make a scene hoping that she will stay....
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...Childhood Development Essay The years from two to six years of age are referred to as early childhood or the preschool years of the developmental process (Rathus, 2012, p. 123). The early childhood years are critical to the future develop of the child. The brain development is intensive and sensitive to external environmental influences; therefore, it is imperative that its stimulation and nutrition are adequate and influences are positive (Makkaoui, 2009). “The brain develops more quickly than any other organ in early childhood (Rathus, 2012, p. 124). Such development helps to ensure that each child reaches his or her potential and is a productive part of a rapidly changing, global society (Makkaoui, 2009). As their nervous system matures, their motor skills explode and their movements become more and more precise and coordinated (Rathus, 2012, p. 125). The physical development is somewhat of a natural process. A few weeks after conception, the embryo is visible (Rathus, 2012, p. 37). If the mother takes the proper precautions by receiving adequate nutrition, medical attention, physical exercise and rest and relaxation, the embryo will continue to develop and grow into a fetus and eventually enters the world of the unknown outside the womb (Rathus, 2012, pp. 37-40). After the birth, the physical growth continues voluntarily. There is no formula or recipe that one must remember in order to assure the child continue to grow. Provided the child receives the proper nutrition...
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...Name: Tutor: Task: Date: Developmental psychology Infancy and Childhood Physical development During early childhood stage, infants begin to drop their roundish baby like display. Their bones grow more proportionate with the lengthening of their legs and arms. They start to obtain fine motor skills. The newfound skills enable them to grip a pencil in a more functional way. This is a good time to provide them with puzzles and blocks, as well as to supervise them while they use paper and scissors as objects (Stern 245). Although it is normal for boys than girls to be more physically active, they will acquire more control over their motor skills allowing for the advancement of new activities such as swinging, jumping, running, and climbing. Children will start to change themselves away from taking a daily nap, but it is vital to give periods to rest. Cognitive development According to Piaget’s stages of cognitive development; the first being the sensory motor stage, It is considered to extend from birth to the age of two years. The development of reflexes, motor abilities as well as senses is rapid. Throughout the initial development stages, infants only perceive and interact with their immediate surrounding through their actions and observations. The preoperational stage stretches from the age of two to seven where the child is not yet able to think logically. With the acquisition of language, the child can express to the world via mental images and symbols. The third...
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...There are many important factors that assist with the development of the brain such as: genetics, nutrition, physical interactions and the emotional interactions between parent and child. The brain is comprised of three main structures the brain stem, cerebrum and the cerebral cortex. The cerebral cortex is divided into four different lobes and made up of neurons. The frontal, temporal, parietal and occipital lobes control various parts of the cognitive function. Your fine and gross motor skills, vision and memory are controlled by the various functions of the brain. During this time of a child’s brain development many things are happening to the function of the body. This is why children are capable of learning so much in their early years because their brain is functioning at a rapid and active pace. That is why when I child enters this world the learning process for them begins. How a child is treated and nurtured at the beginning of conception can play a role in the development of the brain functions and can cause a lasting effect on a child through adulthood. According to the Wisconsin Council on Children and Families “children are born ready to learn. They cultivate 85 percent of their intellect, personality and skills by age five.” Yet, brain function does not mature at the same time in all children. Children grow and mature in different stages. A child may have excellent verbal skills but their fine and gross motor skills may...
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...Kathy Walker once stated “not all children are ready to learn the same thing, in the same way” (Early Life Foundations, 2015, p.2). Elementary schools were first developed during ancient times for boys ranging from the age of six to fourteen. Cultural background and social status determined the educational curriculum for the boy. An example of this is the schooling available to young boys of the medieval era. It was during this era that the first ungraded school was created. The church established ungraded schools for boys of low social status, where the boys were to focus on religion and a trade. Aristocratic boys, on the other hand, attended chivalric schools. These schools equipped the boys with knowledge in an array of subjects such as: music, history, language, math, poetry, etiquette, physical training, battle skills, and heraldry. These schools curriculum was based on learning by memorization (drilling the information...
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...During the first two years of infancy, there are constant changes in the height and weight of the infant. Because no child is the same, there are percentiles that indicate whether a child is growing appropriately. Children grow taller and proportionally thinner between the ages of two and six, and the variations between children depend on genes, nutrition, income and ethnicity. Motor skills are the learned abilities to move some part of the body and there are two categories: fine motor skills and gross motor skills. Fine motor skills are the physical abilities involving small body movements, especially of the hands and fingers while gross motor skills are physical abilities that involve large body movements, such as walking and jumping. Dancing, drawing and building are fine motor skills that help in the gradual mastery of...
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...Child Development By kelleylove45 | Studymode.com Child Development Portfolio Assignment Child Development B 21 CRN: 30735 Lorri Broughton-Kelley April 28,2013 Bakersfield College Spring 2012 Page 1 Infant and Toddler Development t A. Physical Development : The physical development in infants and toddlers. From the time, that they are born, they have the world at their hands. They will explore and get familiar with it day by day. Their eyes and mouths are open and they put objects in them. They notice people and things that are there. They are here to be comforted, by the people and things around them. They will learn things as the development and will flourish. The are so dominant in developing so that they are able to grasp, move cry, and let it be know that they have the desire for attention. The first year from birth on they are able to lift there heads a little, make facial expressions, make a fist with there hands. They are able to suck on a bottle, grasp and hold your finger and use the reflexes in their mouth. During the first six months they have gotten stronger and are able to do: reach and touch, crawl, roll over, push body forward, change hands with objects, lift head and chest, and make clearer sounds. Six months and older they will sit up, throw things, roll ball, walking holding on, and standing. By the age of one they are walking picking up things, move to sounds. Age two and up they are capable of turn door knobs. Walking, talking, running...
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...Child Development: Early Childhood Shaniela Jarrett DEP2004 Child Development: Early Childhood From the immediate beginning of every human beings life they develop in one way or another. The beginning of a human beings development and all its aspects starts with infancy and progresses for the duration of one’s life span. Toddlers and young children are thought to be influenced by their everyday surroundings. An adolescent’s cognitive and social aspects of development are formed and shaped from an early age, along with their perception, language, motor skills, and speech. A young adolescent’s lifecycle is heavy influenced by the involvement of their parents and family members, this is crucial to a young child’s life. Once an adolescent becomes of age to attend school, they will also start to adjust to the atmosphere of the school they are attending as well as the instructive setting in the school; this will also play a role in an adolescent’s cognitive development and social skills. The body’s growth in the first couple years of early childhood stage with attenuate into a slower growth pattern. A child adds approximately 2 to 3 inches in stature and around 5 pounds in weight each year, girls will be slightly smaller than boys. From Infancy to Early childhood, one with experience skeletal growth, between the ages of 2 and 6 will grow approximately 45 new pineal, where cartilage will strengthen forming various parts of the skeletons. Children start losing their primary tooth...
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