...For our mousetrap to go off we had to make sure the dominoes hit the next marble properly, and we also hd to use a funnel with a toilet paper roll duct taped to the bottom of it that way the trap would go off. We had to set up the popsicle stick on a paper towel roll above the mousetrap; the popsicle stick was connected to the mousetrap by a string. When the mouse trap went off the popsicle stick moved off the ramp. This caused a golf ball and two marbles to roll down the ramp; therefore, the golf ball and two marbles went through a path made of books to hit another marble. This marble went down a funnel held up by a popsicle stick attached to a open book, allowed it to roll and hit a jenga block. This block was connected to beads, and when it fell it allowed the beads to fall. A popsicle stick was connected to beads and was a stopper for the pepsi can. The can was on a ramp that was at a slight angle, so the popsicle stick had to be set up a certain way. When the marble that caused to beads to fall with the popsicle stick fell it caused the can to start to roll; even though the popsicle stick was there. For us to get the quarter in the pig was time consuming. You had to set the block up right so when the pepsi can it it would take the popsicle stick with it. The popsicle stick kept the car from rolling down the ramp, but sometimes it would roll off the side so we put string to guide it towards...
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...It may be hard to believe but everything in the world in is motion. Even the most still objects have atoms vibrating inside of them with energy. Energy is never destroyed, just transferred to another object. For instance when shooting a basketball you are holding the ball above your head with two hands. One to hold the ball and the other to apply force, which is an example of kinetic energy. When shooting you are jumping to build up momentum for your shot, which is an example of gravitational energy. Gravitational Energy also takes place when shooting with an arch. When shot the ball goes falling back down to the ground because of gravitational pull. In order for something to move, it must be pushed or pulled along. Pushes and pulls are called...
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...chapter 1 Marketing’s Role in the Global Economy When You Finish This Chapter, You Should 1. Know what marketing is and why you should learn about it. 2. Understand the difference between micro-marketing and macro-marketing. 3. Know why and how macromarketing systems develop. 4. Understand why marketing is crucial to economic development and our global economy. 5. Know why marketing special— ists—including middlemen and — facilitators—develop. 6. Know the marketing functions and who performs them. 7. Understand the important new terms (shown in red). www.mhhe. When it’s time to roll out of bed in the morning, does your General Electric alarm wake you with a buzzer—or by playing your favorite radio station? Is the station playing rock, classical, or country music—or perhaps a Red Cross ad asking you to contribute blood? Will you slip into your Levi’s jeans, your shirt from L. L. Bean, and your Reeboks, or does the day call for your Brooks Brothers interviewing suit? Will breakfast be Lender’s Bagels with cream cheese or Kellogg’s Frosted Flakes—made with grain from America’s heartland—or some extra large eggs and Oscar Mayer bacon cooked in a Panasonic microwave oven imported from Japan? Will you drink decaffeinated Maxwell House coffee—grown in Colombia—or some Tang instant juice? Will you eat at home or is this a day to meet a friend at the Marriott-run cafeteria—where you’ll pay someone else to serve your breakfast? After breakfast, will you head off to school...
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...Welcome to Week 1! College is all about change, and this course is designed to help you adapt to the new learning environment, new challenges, and even the new way of attending college in an Internet environment. You will begin this week by looking into what essential qualities are necessary for success at college and in your career. You will then begin working on developing these qualities by completing the assignments for the week. For those of you who think you have all the skills that this class might help you develop, challenge yourself to think more deeply about the topics. Go beyond what you've learned in the textbook and what you are asked to do for the assignments. Reflect deeply on what has worked well for you in your career or your life. What are your stumbling blocks? Focus on using the deeper levels of thinking from Bloom's taxonomy in your responses on all assignments, discussion posts, and so on. You will get out of your education what you put into it. Have questions? Please post them in the Q & A Forum in the Discussion area. For faster response times, feel free to call or e-mail me. ------------------------------------------------- Ready? Let's get started! Click on the Week 1 Objectives tab to left to see what learning we will achieve this week. Marketing, Strategies, and Research What is Marketing? | What is Market Management? | Discovering Consumer Wants and Needs | The Marketing Orientation and the Marketing Concept | The Four Ps | Market Research...
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...www.cambridge.org/micro4mbas McKENZIE: MICROECONOMICS FOR MBAS PPC CMYBLK ................................................................................................................ 10 Monopoly power and firm pricing decisions If monopoly persists, monopoly will always sit at the helm of government … its bigness is an unwholesome inflation created by privileges and exemptions which it ought not to enjoy. If there are men in this country big enough to own the government of the United States, they are going to own it. Woodrow Wilson That competition is a virtue, at least as far as enterprises are concerned, has been a basic article of faith in the American Tradition, and a vigorous antitrust policy has long been regarded as both beneficial and necessary, not only to extend competitive forces into new regions but also to preserve them where they may be flourishing at the moment. G. Warren Nutter and Henry Alder Einhorn t the bottom of almost all arguments against the free market is a deep-seated concern about the distorting (some would say corrupting) influence of monopolies. People who are suspicious of the free market fear that too many producers are unchecked by the forces of competition, but instead hold considerable monopoly power or control over market outcomes. Unless the government intervenes, these firms are likely to exploit their power for their own selfish benefit. This theme has been fundamental to the writings of economist John Kenneth Galbraith: The...
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...How to Write a Great Business Plan by William A. Sahlman Harvard Business Review Reprint 97409 Which information belongs – and which doesn’t – may surprise you. How to Write a Great by William A. Sahlman Few areas of business attract as much attention as new ventures, and few aspects of new-venture creation attract as much attention as the business plan. Countless books and articles in the popular press dissect the topic. A growing number of annual business-plan contests are springing up across the United States and, increasingly, in other countries. Both graduate and undergraduate schools devote entire courses to the subject. Indeed, judging by all the hoopla surrounding business plans, you would think that the only things standing between a would-be entrepreneur and spectacular success are glossy five-color charts, a bundle of meticulouslooking spreadsheets, and a decade of month-bymonth financial projections. William A. Sahlman is Dimitri V. d’Arbeloff Professor of Business Administration at the Harvard Business School in Boston, Massachusetts. He has been closely connected with more than 50 entrepreneurial ventures as an adviser, investor, or director. He teaches a secondyear course at the Harvard Business School called “Entrepreneurial Finance,” for which he has developed more than 100 cases and notes. Nothing could be further from the truth. In my experience with hundreds of entrepreneurial startups, business plans rank no higher than 2–on a scale from...
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...chapter 1 Marketing in a Changing World: Creating Customer Value and Satisfaction ROAD MAP: Previewing the Concepts Fasten your seat belt! You’re about to begin an exciting journey toward learning about marketing. To start you off in the right direction, we’ll first define marketing and its key concepts. Then, you’ll visit the various philosophies that guide marketing management and the challenges marketing faces as we move into the new millennium. The goal of marketing is to create profitable customer relationships by delivering superior value to customers. Understanding these basic concepts, and forming your own ideas about what they really mean to you, will give you a solid foundation for all that follows. ᭤ After studying this chapter, you should be able to 1. define what marketing is and discuss its core concepts 2. explain the relationships between customer value, satisfaction, and quality 3. define marketing management and understand how marketers manage demand and build profitable customer relationships 4. compare the five marketing management philosophies 5. analyze the major challenges facing marketers heading into the next century Our first stop: Nike. This superb marketer has built one of the world’s most dominant brands. The Nike example shows the importance of — and the difficulties in — building lasting, value-laden customer relationships. Even highly successful Nike can’t rest on past successes. Facing “big-brand backlash,” it must now learn...
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...chapter 1 Marketing in a Changing World: Creating Customer Value and Satisfaction ROAD MAP: Previewing the Concepts Fasten your seat belt! You’re about to begin an exciting journey toward learning about marketing. To start you off in the right direction, we’ll first define marketing and its key concepts. Then, you’ll visit the various philosophies that guide marketing management and the challenges marketing faces as we move into the new millennium. The goal of marketing is to create profitable customer relationships by delivering superior value to customers. Understanding these basic concepts, and forming your own ideas about what they really mean to you, will give you a solid foundation for all that follows. After studying this chapter, you should be able to 1. define what marketing is and discuss its core concepts 2. explain the relationships between customer value, satisfaction, and quality 3. define marketing management and understand how marketers manage demand and build profitable customer relationships 4. compare the five marketing management philosophies 5. analyze the major challenges facing marketers heading into the next century Our first stop: Nike. This superb marketer has built one of the world’s most dominant brands. The Nike example shows the importance of — and the difficulties in — building lasting, value-laden customer relationships. Even highly successful Nike can’t rest on past successes. Facing “big-brand backlash,” it must now learn how to be both big...
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...I N S T I T U T E F O R D E F E N S E A NA LYS E S Ford Motor Company’s Investment Efficiency Initiative: A Case Study James L. Nevins Robert I. Winner Danny L. Reed, Task Leader April 1999 Approved for public release; distribution unlimited. IDA Paper P-3311 (Revised) Log: H 99-001057 This work was conducted under contract DASW01 98 C 0067, Task AD-1-950, for the Office of the Deputy Director, Systems Engineering, Office of the Director, Test, Systems Engineering and Evaluation, Office of the Under Secretary of Defense (Acquisition and Technology). The publication of this IDA document does not indicate endorsement by the Department of Defense, nor should the contents be construed as reflecting the official position of that Agency. © 1999 Institute for Defense Analyses, 1801 N. Beauregard Street, Alexandria, Virginia 22311-1772 • (703) 845-2000. This material may be reproduced by or for the U.S. Government pursuant to the copyright license under the clause at DFARS 252.227-7013 (NOV 95). Preface This document was prepared for the Office of the Principal Deputy Under Secretary of Defense (Acquisition and Technology) under the task order Defense Manufacturing Strategy, and addresses a task objective, to provide a case study on integrated product/process development implementation. This case study will be used for acquisition and technology training purposes by the sponsor. Many of the incentives, strategies, and implementation approaches at Ford have parallels...
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...Columbia Project: Use of Software to Achieve Competitive Advantage AUTOMOBILES: TOYOTA MOTOR CORPORATION Gaining and Sustaining Long-term Advantage Through Information Technology Case Prepared By William V. Rapp Co-Principal Investigator The College of International Relations Ritsumeikan University Kyoto, Japan 914-945-0630 (Fax: 914-923-1416; 011-81-75-466-1214) E-mail: william.rapp@aya.yale.edu April 2000 SOFTWARE AS A TOOL OF COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGE: AUTOMOBILE INDUSTRY 1 2 3 4 5 Introduction: Objectives of this Benchmarking Study……………………….…….3 Approach: Methodology and Questions…………………………………………....9 Introduction to Case…………………………………………………………….…10 The Industry Context: The Japanese and Global Automobile Industries………….10 Toyota’s Multi-faceted Global Strategy………………………………….………..21 Smart Production (scheduling, buffer stocks, interactive controls) Smart Design IT and Management of Supplier Networks Smart Marketing Responding to Demand Changes Through Smart Production & Design 6 Smart Car…………………………………………………………………….……...42 Environmentally Smart Cars Intelligent Transportation System (ITS) 7 8 Information Technology Infrastructure and Project Selection………………………60 Summary - Controlling the Future…………………………………………………..68 Exhibit 1 - Promotion Plan for Intelligent Transportation System………………………78 Exhibit 2 - Toyota’s ITS Businesses and R&D………………………………………….79 Exhibit 3 - ITS Evolutionary Development……………………………………………..80 Appendix I Summary Answers to Questions for Toyota...
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...CHAPTER - 1 INTRODUCTION Introduction: In their 1981 book, Positioning: The Battle for your Mind, Al Ries and Jack Trout describe how positioning is used as a communication tool to reach target customers in a crowded marketplace. Regular use of the term dates back to 1972 when the same authors published a series of articles in Advertising Age called "The Positioning Era." Not long thereafter, Madison Avenue advertising executives began to develop positioning slogans for their clients and positioning became a key aspect of marketing communications. Positioning: The Battle for your Mind has become a classic in the field of marketing. The following is a summary of the key points made by Ries and Trout in their book What is Positioning? Positioning is a platform for the brand it facilitates the brand to get through to the target consumers. Positioning is act of fixing the locus of the product offer in the minds of the target consumers. In positioning, the firm decides how and around what parameters, the product offer has to be placed before the target consumers. The significance of product positioning can be easily understood from David Ogilvy’s words; the results of your campaign depends less on how we write your advertising than on how your product is positioned. Most authors define positioning as the perception that a target market has of a brand relative to its competitors. This definition raises two points. First, positioning is perceptual. In other...
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...The Marketing Audit Comes Of Age Philip Kotler, William Gregor and William Rogers Comparing the marketing strategies and tactics of business units today versus ten years ago, the most striking impression is one of marketing strategy obsolescence. Ten years ago US, automobile companies were gearing up for their second postwar race to produce the largest car with the highest horsepower. Today companies are selling increasing numbers of small and medium-size cars and fuel economy is a major selling point. Ten years ago computer companies were introducing ever-more powerful hardware for more sophisticated uses. Today they emphasize mini and microcomputers and software. It is not even necessary to take a ten-year-period to show the rapid obsolescence of marketing strategies. The growth economy of 1950-1970 has been superseded by a volatile economy which produces new strategic surprises almost monthly. Competitors launch new products, customers switch their business, distributors lose their effectiveness, advertising costs skyrocket, government regulations are announced, and consumer groups attack. These changes represent both opportunities and problems and may demand periodic reorientations of the company’s marketing operations. Many companies feel that their marketing operations need regular reviews and overhauls but do not know how to proceed. Some companies simply make many small changes that are economically and politically feasible, but fail to get to the heart of the matter...
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...B R IN F IENDL RA The n e w UB LIC A TIO N Active 8 Language Games e who… Find someon Desert Island Birthday Pre sents k News 10 o’cloc Ele In me ter nt me ary dia to te+ S Y Brain friendly Publications P Film Festival Fun with pronunciation On the ph one A nigh t on th e town Mark Fletcher e re e y f urc op so toc g Re o Ph hin ac Te Introduction Active 8 is designed for teachers with limited preparation time who want to provide lively, motivating language skills lessons to introduce different games to stimulate conversation at a Lower Intermediate level. ™ Active 8 by Mark Fletcher Illustrated by Mark Fletcher Copyright © English Experience Telephone/Fax: (44) 1303 238880 E-Mail: brainfriendlypubs@dial.pipex.com Website: www.brainfriendly.co.uk ISBN 1 898295 02 6 PRINTED BY HYTHE PRINTERS LTD., HYTHE , KENT Conditions of sale permit the photocopying / printing of these masters for student use. It is not permitted to subsequently use copies to generate further copies for resale. ACTIVE 8 CONTENTS 1a-b Find someone who....... Class and individuals. A market research activity. Very flexible. Practices different tenses and SHORT FORM ANSWERS. 2 a - b - c Desert Island Small groups. Explorer groups making a map. Information exchange. Practices “DO YOU KNOW WHERE..?” and REQUESTS. 3a-b Birthday presents Individuals or small groups. Looking for the best buys in 4 shops. Practices COMPARATIVES AND SUPERLATIVES...
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...Strategic management is a field that deals with the major intended and emergent initiatives taken by general managers on behalf of owners, involving utilization of resources, to enhance the performance of firms in their external environments.[1] It entails specifying the organization's mission, vision and objectives, developing policies and plans, often in terms of projects and programs, which are designed to achieve these objectives, and then allocating resources to implement the policies and plans, projects and programs. A balanced scorecard is often used to evaluate the overall performance of the business and its progress towards objectives. Recent studies and leading management theorists have advocated that strategy needs to start with stakeholders expectations and use a modified balanced scorecard which includes all stakeholders. Strategic management is a level of managerial activity under setting goals and over Tactics. Strategic management provides overall direction to the enterprise and is closely related to the field of Organization Studies. In the field of business administration it is useful to talk about "strategic alignment" between the organization and its environment or "strategic consistency." According to Arieu (2007), "there is strategic consistency when the actions of an organization are consistent with the expectations of management, and these in turn are with the market and the context." Strategic management includes not only the management team but can...
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...1 CHAPTER © John Stillwell/PA Wire URN: 8920071 (Press Association via AP Images) What Is Marketing? structures the book and the way you should think about marketing (specifically, we’ll define all the terms in 5Cs, STP, and 4Ps). We will then dig right into the customer perspective: How does a customer (consumer or business) make a buying decision? Marketing is ultimately about deFining Marketing If you ask the average person “What is marketing?” he or she might respond in one of the following ways: >> Marketing is sales or advertising. >> Marketers make people buy stuff they don’t need and can’t afford. >> Marketers are the people who call you while you’re trying to eat dinner. These comments are probably all deserved—we have to own up to the fact that our profession, like any other, has its unsavory members. But in this book, we’ll try for a more enlightened view.1 This chapter overviews marketing concepts and terms, beginning with marketing and its vital role in today’s corporation. We then present the marketing framework that 2 Marketing is an exchange between a firm and its customers. serving customers well; to do so, we must understand what customers want. The chapter concludes by briefly describing what to expect throughout the rest of the book. 8134X_01_ch01_p002-013.indd 2 12/15/10 3:58 PM Marketing is an exchange relationship Marketing is defined as an exchange between a firm and its customers. As Figure 1.1 indicates, the customer wants something...
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