...LESSON 2 BASIC COMMANDS IN LINUX AND WINDOWS LESSON 2 – BASIC COMMANDS IN LINUX AND WINDOWS “License for Use” Information The following lessons and workbooks are open and publicly available under the following terms and conditions of ISECOM: All works in the Hacker Highschool project are provided for non-commercial use with elementary school students, junior high school students, and high school students whether in a public institution, private institution, or a part of home-schooling. These materials may not be reproduced for sale in any form. The provision of any class, course, training, or camp with these materials for which a fee is charged is expressly forbidden without a license including college classes, university classes, trade-school classes, summer or computer camps, and similar. To purchase a license, visit the LICENSE section of the Hacker Highschool web page at www.hackerhighschool.org/license. The HHS Project is a learning tool and as with any learning tool, the instruction is the influence of the instructor and not the tool. ISECOM cannot accept responsibility for how any information herein is applied or abused. The HHS Project is an open community effort and if you find value in this project, we do ask you support us through the purchase of a license, a donation, or sponsorship. All works copyright ISECOM, 2004. 2 LESSON 2 – BASIC COMMANDS IN LINUX AND WINDOWS Table of Contents “License for Use” Information....................
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...completely incompetent. Even though Jack had very poor eye site, this did not hold back Kipling’s actions to help his son join the army force. His performance as Jack is very real that as some point, I internally screamed NO! when he directs and leads his group to fight. Daniel Radcliffe brings both power and sadness at the same time in his role, especially when he speaks to his father for the last time and takes off. Another very significant cast member is Carrie Mulligan. Carrie began her acting career in 2005 and even though she is an Amature when is comes to acting, she displayed a very Professional part playing as Kipling’s independent daughter, Elsie - the only one of Kipling’s three daughters to live past the age of 18. Kim Cattrall (Carrie) delivers and magnificent performance as Kipling’s...
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...The greatest and obligated duty to the children is to love them, secondly, it is to teach them according to Richelle E. Goodrich. The meaning behind this is that children should not only be loved, but that teaching them important life lessons are just as vital. This can be seen in Rudyard Kipling's poem "If" poem. "If" is about being who you are without the thought of someone else's opinion in the form of a conversation with his son. Another poem that relates to this theme is Langston Hughes' "Mother to Son" poem which shows a discussion between a mother and her son about never giving up just because life can grow problematic. The significance of the two poems is that both authors display some sort tougher affection by teaching meaningful life lessons with a simple heart-to-heart talk. In Kipling's "If", the author is teaching his son influential values and etiquettes if he wants to be more like a man. Not just stereotypical jobs but more general ideas like, "If you can keep your head when all about you are losing theirs and blaming it on you." Meaning that just cause others are against, people should never doubt oneself or "give way to hating" because it is a mistake if people mold oneself around others' views. This is the father's advice to his son. Hughes has a similar outlook in her poem. "Mother to Son" by Langston Hughes has a strong resemblance to Kipling's "If" with its themes that harmonize with each other. The difference being that "Mother to Son" is more about overcoming...
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...Kipling’s use of syntax and tone reveals a sympathetic and considerate approach to interracial relationships as a means of discarding imperialistic dogmatism. The majority of the story occurs within Holden and Ameera’s home in which Kipling employs poetic and romantic diction which lends itself to “sense of artificiality [that] often surfaces whenever they speak of the eternality of their love and the permanence of their happiness” (Dillingham 68). However, this artificiality is not a genuine flaw in the work, but indicative of the artificiality, or rather, unsustainability of Holden and Ameera’s relationship. Holden deviates from any imperialistic language within the house and speaks poetically: “‘I have seen fire-balloons by the hundred. I have seen the moon, and – then I saw no more fire-balloons’” (WBOC 1728). The absence of legalistic language suggests a childlike ignorance of the outside world. This ignorance, however, is a conscious rejection. The reality is, Holden is a man employed by the empire and knows “the drawbacks of a double life are manifold” (1729). He chooses to live the double life because he is implicated within the empire but finds more joy in his relationship: “she was all but all the world in his eyes. By every rule and law she should have been otherwise” (1728). Therefore, Kipling established Holden as knowing what he is doing, but doing otherwise as a means of finding happiness. This is indicative of the complexity nostalgia brings to the work. Just...
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...“Take up the White Man's burden— / Ye dare not stoop to less—/ Nor call too loud on Freedom / To cloak your weariness. / By all ye will or whisper, / By all ye leave or do, / The silent sullen peoples/ Shall weigh your God and you.” reads Ruyard Kipling’s poem, “The White Man’s Burden.” Rudyard Kipling, who was a well-known author around the turn of the century. He was a prestigious college graduate who had won many awards, including the Nobel Prize for writing. This tells us, the readers, that he is a very credible writer. Now, academically, there is much discourse and disagreement in regards to weather the poem is satirical. Many scholars believe that Kipling’s sentiment expressed about Imperialism as genuine, especially considering some of his other work. However, some do believe the poem is satire, and that Kipling is mocking the concept of “The White Man’s Burden.” Regardless of whether or not the poem is satirical, and while disregarding that the poem is directly about the Philippine-American War, “The White Man’s Burden” still shows what pro-Imperialists believed. “The White Man’s Burden” shows modern readers the thought process that lead many Western forces to go to lands they had never been before and systematically destroy a people’s way of life....
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...Sinem KELEŞ THE CONCEPT OF IDENDTITY IN ‘KİM’ About the Writer of the ‘KİM’ and the novel Rudyard Kipling, writer of the novel, is a British writer from the late 19th and early 20th centuries. He acquired great fame with his novel which is notable for detailed depiction of the culture and people of India. It is described as a picaresque novel in which the adventures of the main characters are told. Kim is an orphan son of a British soldier. One day, he meets a Tibetian Lama who is in search of the River of the Arrow and becomes his chela. Incidentally, the priest of the regiment which his father is the member of it, identifies him and sends him to an English school. Then, Kim sets out on a journey with Lama who is in search of the River of Arrow. Meanwhile, Lama gets into a conflict with Russian agents. So, the Lama realizes that he should search for the river of the Arrow in other place, not in the mountains. Then, Kim summit the secret documents to the required people and the Lama finds his river and manage to reach Enlightenment. It is an adventure story of a boy who is seeking for his place in his country while he is trying to find an identity for himself. “The novel develops along two interconnecting threads of Kim‘s life from age thirteen to seventeen: his adventures as he traverses India both as the servant of Teshoo Lama, a Tibetan monk, and as a spy-in-training for the British government, and his eventual hand in saving British...
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... 10 out of 10 points | | | A multi-tasking operating system is capable of executing more than one program at a time for a user.Answer | | | | | Selected Answer: | True | Correct Answer: | True | | | | | Question 2 10 out of 10 points | | | ASCII code is one of the code schemes used to represent characters in a byte.Answer | | | | | Selected Answer: | True | Correct Answer: | True | | | | | Question 3 10 out of 10 points | | | Operating systemAnswer | | | | | Selected Answer: | d. all of the above | Correct Answer: | d. all of the above | | | | | Question 4 10 out of 10 points | | | About 95 percent of the UNIX operating system is written in C language.Answer | | | | | Selected Answer: | True | Correct Answer: | True | | | | | Question 5 10 out of 10 points | | | The two major versions of the UNIX operating system are AT&T's UNIX version V and Berkeley UNIX.Answer | | | | | Selected Answer: | True | Correct Answer: | True | | | | | Question 6 10 out of 10 points | | | You must login to use the system. It means that, in response to prompts you type your user Id and password.Answer | | | | | Selected Answer: | True | Correct Answer: | True | | | | | Question 7 10 out of 10 points | | | You can change your password as many times as you wish.Answer | |...
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...ZARA: IT for Fast Fashion With ZARA's fashion business expanding, Salgado and Sanchez have a critical decision to make on whether to upgrade the current, seemingly out of date IT system. Like other large clothing retailers, ZARA adopts a highly standardized business model for ordering, design, manufacturing and procurement across all product categories and regions. However, unlike most clothing retailers, ZARA's business model is based on fast delivery times with minimal inventory, decentralized decision making process and very low data integration among different stores. Unlike its competitors, Zara relies on its individual store managers and designers, rather than an elite team of senior managers, to perform market research on latest trends and decide what clothes to design and procure. ZARA's approach to Information Technology is based on its business needs. In order to establish itself as a brand, which aligns closely with customers' taste, ZARA needs to have information on latest trends from all its stores to keep pace with the ever-changing fashion world. On the other hand, ZARA's popularity and high growth requires an upgraded IT system, which can be easily replicated and scalable to new stores. ZARA's current DOS system serves this purpose efficiently as it is easy to install in a newly opened store and requires little training. ZARA's approach of simple, non-integrated low cost IT investment is well in sync with its decentralized...
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...According to the point of view of Salgado , Zara is getting bigger and bigger and its operating system getting more and more obsolete. Thus, it gives Zara to have a comparative advantage because for a strategic perspective. Although Zara's advantage over its competitors is not so much a result of IT leverage, the sustainability of its competitive edge might be at risk due to a lack in IT investment.The current assumption for the IT investment states about 18,000 hours. The Zara's staff devoted to IT contains about 50 people divided in several departments. So we can suppose that only 10 people are devoted to POS software and so 10 people are able to handle this project. With a brief calculation, we can figure that it would take too much time to set up this project with an internal team. That is why we are prone to think that externalize would provide a more efficient solution, completely handle by an outsourced professional team. It could be a little more expensive at short and long term that is why if we choose this option we have to integrate a training system of our staff to lower the outsourced fees. An important point is that Zara has always developed its own IT solutions and if we make it through subcontractors we are not sure that it would match with Zara values or way of doing. Zara has been used to make it alone. Thus we think that some member of the IT staff could work with subcontractors in order to lower these expenses and help them to create an It solution...
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.... Evaluate Microsoft’s strategy in good and poor economic times. In Good Economic Times: Microsoft is the world’s most successful software company. The original mission of this company is “a computer on every desk and in every home, running Microsoft software.” Microsoft's tactic was to be a software manufacturer and make its operating system available to computer manufacturers for use in their personal computer products, and then sell the owners of PCs software to run on that operating system. The history was begins in early 1980, where Microsoft creates DOS Operating System for IBM computer. The company used this inertial success with IBM to sell software to other manufacturer, quickly making Microsoft a major player in this industry. This is one of the changes for Microsoft to grown faster with the inertial advertising efforts focused on communicating the company range products from DOS to the launch of Excel and Windows. Later in 1986, Microsoft went to public with windows operating system and Microsoft office. The strategy contribute to launch this two application is a milestone for Microsoft to future successful. After that, Microsoft found an instant success where they launch the window 3.0 which is offered an improved set of windows icons and application like file manager and program manager where still being used today. Microsoft doing a magazine advertising and received endorsement from the top computer magazine in the industry is another...
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...While contrasting UNIX systems to Windows a few of the features discovered in UNIX incorporate: the usage of simple text for saving data; a ordered file system; UNIX manages tools for example printing equipments, mouse and keyboard and also other tools like files. The UNIX system also manages directories and procedures like files. There's only one root directory inside the UNIX operating system hierarchical tree. UNIX utilizes devices and applications via the command line in contrast to utilizing a single monolithic application which includes all the same functionality. The kernel offers services to begin and stop applications, deals with the file system that saves and arranges the computer system files and data. The kernel usually shifts data into as databases for storage and use. Both UNIX and Windows file systems are ordered and both support lengthy names as much as 255 characters. File Processing Evaluation UNIX programs that are based upon simple text files for setup use a lot of powerful devices that are utilized to process text files. Piping is widely utilized to reroute the result of one command to the input of the subsequent command. UNIX deals with most command in a consecutive order (first in first out) but the procedure may be overridden by making use of variables and alternatives (ADD). This lets commands to be installed collectively and implemented without storing all the results to an output file. UNIX utilizes commands that include: Echo - shows text...
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...manufacturers (Apollo Group, Inc., 2005). With manufacturing plants in Albany, Georgia, Pontiac, Michigan, and Hangzhou, China, Riordan’s e-business plays a vital role in continued growth. Riordan’s Internet site states, “Riordan Manufacturing, Inc. is an industry leader in the field of plastic injection molding. Purpose The purpose of this paper is to discuss the differences between UNIX/Linux versus Microsoft Windows. Our paper will discuss facts that cover security, administrative, networking, performance, programmability. Security Technical One of the key differences between the Unix approach to system security and the MS Windows approach is that significant security characteristics of Unix systems are a consequence of good architectural design. Modularity within the system is another example of architectural security in UNIX, but lacking in MS Windows. These differences in the design and relative security of Unix and Microsoft OSs illustrate a distinct difference in philosophy between them. A couple of factors considered in regards to the security features are the importance of privilege separation, user control and automatic execution. Unfortunately, the difference appears to be that where Unix has a philosophy of security built into the...
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...Sistemas Operativos Historia En la década de 1940, los primeros sistemas electrónicos digitales no tenían sistemas operativos. Los sistemas de la década de 1950 en general funcionaban solamente con un proceso a la vez. Y se permitía una sola persona a la vez para utilizar la máquina. Todos los recursos de la máquina estaban a disposición del usuario. La facturación por el uso de la computadora era simple- porque el usuario tenía toda la máquina. Originalmente, cada usuario escribía todo el código necesario para implementar una aplicación concreta, incluidas las muy detalladas de la máquina de nivel de entrada/salida de instrucciones. Muy rápidamente, la codificación de entrada/salida necesaria para implementar funciones básicas se consolidó en un sistema de control de entrada/salida (IOCS). Los usuarios que deseaban realizar operaciones de entrada/salida ya no tenían que codificar las instrucciones directamente. En su lugar, utiliza las rutinas IOCS para hacer el trabajo real. Los primeros sistemas de almacenamiento real para un solo usuario fueron dedicados al trabajo más que al tiempo de ejecución del trabajo en sí. Los trabajos generalmente requerían un tiempo de configuración considerable alto durante el cual el sistema operativo, cintas y paquetes de discos se montaban, y las formas adecuadas se colocaban en la impresora, etc. Cuando los trabajos se completaban, se requería un tiempo considerable de "desmontaje" como cintas y paquetes de discos que eran retiradas, etc...
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...NT1210 Lab 5.4 Basic Network Troubleshooting Exercise 5.4.1 If you needed to determine the computer name used for node E on the network (starting from node A), what command would you use to get this information? Give the command sequence you would enter at the command line to retrieve this information. I already have the IP Addresses for all the workstations a simple Ping command in CMD will work. Windows+R will bring up run command type CMD or go to start menu then accessories CMD. From CMD we would type Ping –a 192.168.1.5 to retrieve the information we need. Exercise 5.4.2 What is the best (easiest and most efficient) command to determine whether all the hosts on the local-area network are reachable? You can assume that you are starting from computer A. List the command sequence(s) you would need to enter to test this functionality. Windows+R will bring up run command type CMD or go to start menu then accessories CMD. From CMD we would type Ping 192.168.1.5, Ping 192.168.1.4, and Ping 192.168.1.3, Ping 192.168.1.6, and Ping 192.168.1.2. This would be a quick easier way but for a more complex way type FOR /L %i IN (1,1,254) DO ping -n 1 192.168.1.%i | FIND /i "Reply">>c:\ipaddresses.txt in CMD. exercise 5.4.3 Exercise 5.4.3 If your computer (node A) is unable to reach the Internet, what is the best way to determine where the error is occurring using command-line networking? Give the command sequence you would use to determine this. Ping 192.168.1.4 Exercise...
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...switching off of the echo command. | Example | echo This line will be echoed twice to the screen, @echo Whereas this line will occur only once. | Command | ECHO | Description | The ECHO command has several different uses. MS DOS batch files use two echo 'modes'. The default echo mode is ECHO ON. When ECHO is set to ON, every command in the batch file is displayed to the screen before it is run. Sometimes this information is not required, and can even be downright annoying for larger batch files. The command ECHO OFF sets the batch echo mode to OFF. In this mode, the commands are not printed to the screen prior to their execution. As well as the echo modes, the ECHO command is used to print a message to the user. Messages are displayed to the user by preceding a line of text with ECHO. | Syntax | ECHO MODE ON : ECHO ON ECHO MODE OFF : ECHO OFF DISPLAY A MESSAGE : ECHO message | Typical Use | The command @ECHO OFF is almost always placed at the top of a batch file to switch off subsequent command echo. ECHO is also the only way a batch file can communicate information to a user. | Example | @ECHO OFF ECHO Please insert a disk in drive A: and press any key when ready. | Command | REM (short for remark) | Description | REM is the MS DOS batch file method of providing comments. Comments are lines of code which are not executed by the batch file, but rather are used to convey information about the workings of the batch file itself. Good batch file programming...
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