...Activity 1: Muscle Twitch and the Latent Period Muscles have different functions in our body. They maintain body temperature by contracting, and they use the energy stored in the body, which later is transformed into heat. For muscles to contract, they must be stimulated by motor neurons; these motor neurons meats at the neuromuscular junction. When the nerve impulses reach the neuromuscular junctions voltage –regulated calcium channels open and allow calcium to enter the axon; the ca2+ inside cause’s vesicles to fuse with an axonal membrane causing it to release ACH via exocytosis. The ACH then binds to its receptors in the sarcolemma and causes an action potential in the muscle. Binding of ACH to its receptor opens chemically gated channels;...
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...Glycerinated Muscle Introduction Muscles are a fibrous bundle of tissues that contract to produce movement in the body. There are three different types of muscles, cardiac, skeletal, and smooth. Though these three different types of muscles serve slightly different purposes, they function very similarly. The main components of muscles are muscle fibers, myosin, actin, and a few more. Muscle contractions works primary off of the interaction between the proteins, actin and myosin. Troponin and tropomyosin work to regulate the contraction. Purpose The purpose of this lab was to learn about glycerinated muscle systems and how contraction works in relation to it. Materials Glycerinated muscle. 0.25% ATP in distilled...
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...Objective: To demonstrate and explain muscle fatigue Variable Choices: Temperature (hot,neutral and cold) Background Information: The bones on the skeleton are caused to move by skeletal muscles. When muscles tend to contract it creates the ability of the joints to move and let us engage in physical activities. For muscles to contract, chemical energy is required. The chemical energy is a result of respiration. The skeletal muscle is made of two different kinds of fibers: slow twitch (ST) and fast twitch (FT). Slow twitch fibers are mostly used in prolonged, because they are low and moderate the intensity activities. Slow Twitch fibers are more efficient at using oxygen to extend muscle contractions over a long time. As for the fast twitch fibers they use up more energy and the muscle fibers contract very fast. They are much better at generating short bursts of strengths and that slow. The fast twitch are usually used in short intense activities....
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...It has been reported to be present in approximately 80% of patients. Muscle weakness (hemiparesis) is recognized as the major deficit contributing to the motor impairment. Other associated motor disorders, such as spasticity, muscle stiffness and reduced muscle length, coordination and timing of movements and the presence of abnormal movement patterns may also influence the motor function. In addition, sensory impairments, perceptual deficits and cognitive difficulties after stroke may limit the use of arm and hand in daily life activities. Therefore the individual ability to perform different tasks in their daily life will be reduced, which will increase the restriction risk of the individual’s participation in social life...
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...Credit | 10 | Assignment Title | Anatomy and Physiology for health & social care | Part Unit | | Whole Unit | Yes | Assessor | Shanroy Dehaney | Start Date | 20/05/15 | Submission Date | 10/06/15 | Feedback Date | 17/05/15 | Vocational Context | Task 1 - 3 (P1,P2,P3)You are working in a health clinic and have been asked to produce a poster to explain the functions of the main cell, tissue and body components to display in the clinic. Task 4 (P4,M1,D1)You are an advisor in your local sports centre and you have been asked to design and produce an information booklet to explain to clients how the body requires and utilises energy. This should include:Produce a written report on the body’s response to exercise. The report will be based on primary and secondary research. The report will include:Task 5 (P5,M2,D2) 1. An explanation of the concept of homeostasis and its role in exercise and healthy functioning of the body. 2. Measurements collected from practical work involving physical activity and your interpretation of them together with comments on the validity of the data collected.Task 6 (P6)Complete exercise programme and complete data form and graphs sheets | The Brief | Task 1 (P1)Using a large piece of paper, produce an annotated poster of a cell as it is seen under the microscope. You must include the following; * Organelles – nucleus, cytoplasm, mitochondria, smooth and rough endoplasmic reticula * Golgi apparatus * LysosomesThe notes accompanying...
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...in muscles mass and density. It is also claimed that the product can increase the physical performance and enable the body to recover quickly after a strenuous exercise. The product also claims to have the capability to boost the energy levels and strength. The product also promises a range of beneficial natural products that include plant sterols, essential fatty acids and important minerals. The analysis of the anecdotal...
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...The biopsychosocial perspective is a comprehensive approach to health and illness that is crucial to improving the quality of life. The purpose of this essay is to describe a practice experience from a biopsychosocial perspective of a patient admitted to a unit for respite care. The patient has a diagnosis of secondary progressive multiple sclerosis and the area being considered is the patient’s immobility. To begin, biopsychosocial will be defined and a brief description of the patient will be given before discussing how this central nervous system condition has affected the patient. The patient’s primary symptoms affecting their mobility will be described, along with a secondary symptom which the patient is vulnerable to developing. Subsequently, the associated tertiary symptoms affecting the patient psychological state and social systems will be discussed before summarising the knowledge gained and how this will alter skills in future practice experiences. To respect and maintain patient confidentiality in line with the Nursing and Midwifery Councils 2008 code, a pseudonym will be used and will be referred to as Mary throughout this essay. Mary is a forty-nine year old female who was diagnosed with Multiple Sclerosis twenty-one years ago. In 2006 her mobility deteriorated after a significant relapse and as a result of her symptoms she has been confined to bed since 2010. Additionally Mary has mild speech difficulties, is doubly incontinent and has a history of depression...
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...ASSESSMENT Gather Equipment/Provide Privacy/Ensure Proper Lightening Wash Hands Ensure visualization of each body part as its examined Introduce self to patient (my name is….. how are you doing today) General Survey Say all of this… Can you state your age for me? Client appears to be stated age. LOC-Ask client: Can you tell me you name please, DOB, and where are you today, what month and year. Client is alert and oriented x3 -- to person, place, time Client’s skin color appears like pink and evenly pigmented without lesions or redness Client nutritional status appears appropriate for weight, height and body size. Client is sitting upright and appears to be relaxed and comfortable Clients body parts are intact and appear equal without no obvious physical deformities. Client is cooperative and smiling, expresses her feelings appropriate to the situation. Client’s speech is in a moderate tone, clear, and culturally appropriate. Upon general observation clients hearing is intact, she hasn’t asked me to repeat anything. Clients dress is appropriate to the season and client is cleaned and well groomed Ask her to walk a few feet and then walk back… State “ Gait is rhythmic and coordinated, with arms swinging at side., walk is smooth and well balanced” Posterior Lungs – stand behind client State out all parts as you inspect. Inspect rhythm, depth and pattern of breathing. State I’m going to inspect respirations for depth, rhythm, and pattern. Client’s respirations...
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...University of Phoenix Material Lifestyle Analysis Part 1: Consider the following questions concerning sedentary and physically active persons. Answer each question in 70 to 100 words each in the space provided. Cite your reference(s). Focus on a specific age group i.e. childhood, teens, adult male or female, elderly. (6 points) |Questions for both lifestyles |Sedentary person |Physically active person | |Describe the typical activities that qualifies a|A sedentary activity level describes someone|Moderately active person is someone who has | |person as sedentary or physically active (1 |who gets little to no exercise. It is |a lifestyle that includes physical activity | |point) |someone who spends a lot of time sitting at |equivalent to walking about 1.5 to 3 miles per | | |a desk or watching television, without |day at 3 to 4 miles per hour, in addition to the| | |working out regularly. Any activity that is |light physical activity associated with typical | | |performed during a daily routine is |day-to-day life. This person is who doesn’t | | |low-intensity. A sendentary person is |spend much time sitting down. Examples of...
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...Japan Abstract The term “congenital myopathy” is applied to muscle disorders presenting in infancy with generalized muscle weakness and hypotonia followed by delayed developmental milestones. The myopathy has been differentiated diagnostically on the basis of their morphologic characteristics and includes nemaline myopathy, central core disease, myotubular (centronuclear) myopathy and congenital fiber type disproportion. In most of these disorders, there are 3 distinct subtypes: severe infantile, benign congenital and adult onset forms. The mode of inheritance and gene loci are variable, although each disorder shares the common clinical features including facial and prominent neck flexor weakness and preferential respiratory muscle involvement. All mutations identified in nemaline myopathy are localized to the actin filament components, suggesting that the disease is related to sarcoplasmic thin filaments or Z-protein abnormalities. On the other hand, X-linked myotubular myopathy has mutations in a family of tyrosine phosphatase (myotubularin gene) and central core disease in ryanodine receptor gene. In all these disorders, the common pathologic features are small muscle fibers with type 1 fiber atrophy and predominance, which account for the small muscle bulk and generalized muscle weakness. INTRODUCTION NEMALINE MYOPATHY The term congenital myopathy is applied to muscle disorders presenting with generalized muscle weakness and hypotonia from early infancy with delayed developmental...
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...military personnel. Athletes and recreationally active adults commonly cite an increase in muscle mass, improved exercise recovery, and improved exercise capacity as reasons for use of protein supplements. Given the physical and cognitive demands experienced during military training and deployment, it is equally common that active duty personnel report frequent use of protein supplements. This review provides a summary of the evidence base that either supports or refutes the ergogenic effects associated with different mechanisms that have been proposed to support protein supplementation. It was clear that if carbohydrate delivery was optimal either during or after an acute bout of exercise that additional protein will not increase exercise capacity. Evidence was also weak to substantiate use of protein supplements to slow the increase in brain serotonin and onset of central fatigue. It was also evident that additional research is warranted to test whether the benefits of protein supplements for enhancing recovery of fluid balance after exercise will affect subsequent work in the heat. In contrast, with repeated exercise, use of protein supplementation was associated with reductions in muscle soreness and often a faster recovery of muscle function due to reductions in protein degradation. There was also good supportive evidence for long-term benefits of protein supplementation for gains in muscle mass and strength through accelerated rates of protein synthesis, as long as the training...
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...Chief Complaint: Mr. Cane is a 64-year-old male who has presented in clinic for recent tremors that are more prevalent at rest. History of Presenting Illness: Mr. Cane describes that over the past three months he has had “shaking” that he cannot control, particularly when he rests. He has noticed that these tremors have been affecting his right arm in particular. His everyday activities are being impacted by these symptoms and he is concerned that he may not be adequately perform his job anymore. He also reports that his limbs feel stiff. His wife reports that she has noticed slowness in his overall movements and that he has been depressed. His speech has also been noted to have become softer recently. Past Medical History: Mr. Cane reports...
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...interdisciplinary team is involved in a mobility plan for all patients admitted the unit. Early weight-bearing and ambulation is encouraged. Control of schedule for mobilizing patients out of bed is the responsibility of members in physical therapy department. Each patient may be up for about two hours, the number of patient to be up and the time they should be up is posted for both day and night shift. For vented patients the Respiratory therapist, the nurses and the nursing assistant together as team is responsible for getting these patients out of bed. Strict attention is placed on the patient’s nutrition in order to restore muscle mass. Critical illness myopathy is a major complication in critical care unit patients affecting peripheral nerves muscles and neuromuscular junction resulting in muscle weakness and paresis. “Early mobilization or kinesiotherapy have shown muscle weakness reversion in critically...
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...exercise. It is important to have some understanding of what you are to do since the class periods are not very long, and some classes are large. b. Be prepared for a poptest on the material covered the day before or material to be covered each day. 4. CHECK IN. a. Use only equipment that is assigned to you. b. Each day you will assemble the following dissection material: dissection tray and specimen, blunt probe, sharp probe, forceps (tweezers), scissors, and a scalpel. c. BEFORE YOU BEGIN EACH DAY, check to see that all dissection equipment is clean and in place. Report any dirty or misplaced equipment to the instructor immediately. Dirty or misplace equipment will result in a daily grade of zero for the prior users. 5. BE SAFE. a. NEVER eat, drink, or chew gum while dissecting in the laboratory. b. Report any injuries to yourself or damage to equipment IMMEDIATELY. c. Follow instructions precisely and proceed only when you understand them clearly. Do not skip any sections. 6. RECORD EVERYTHING. a. Although it will be necessary for you to work within a group, try to remain independent when making observations and drawing conclusions....
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...Miguel Caballero 010040535 BIO 342L Th 9-11:45AM Lab Report 1: Introduction to Statistics and Graphing Comparison of jump height between males and females Figure 1: Comparison of avg jump (in CM) between males (n=11) and females (n=10) with a p-value of 0.00203. This p-value indicates a significant difference between the avg. jump heights of males and females. The bars are the avg. jump heights along with standard deviation of the mean. Results: The p-value of 0.00203 is p<0.05 thus we reject the null hypothesis and conclude that there is a significant difference between the two means. A big part that contributes to this result (significant differences) is that males on average tend to have more muscle mass than females (largely due to higher testosterone levels) thus, are able to generate more power and hence a bigger jump height. Additionally, muscle to fat ratio is higher in males in males than in females. Physiologically, females tend to have more body fat hence decreasing their overall lower muscle to fat ratio and in a sense are weighed down versus the males which tend to have less body fat. Other sources of error could be that males tend to be more competitive versus females and that the measuring methods were not the best (eyeballing where the person’s hand landed on the ruler). Comparison of calf circumference and jump height in males Figure 2: Comparison of avg. calf circumference and jump height (both in CM) in males (n=11). A R2 value of...
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