...What are the challenges for a universal conception of human rights? AIR234: Order and Justice in World Politics Brian Introduction Human rights…are those rights and privileges held to belong to any person, regardless of any provision that may or may not exist for them in their legal system, simply because, as a human being, there are things which they may not be forbidden by any government. Exactly what the list of these rights is, or why we are entitled to them, varies from thinker to thinker.[1] Human rights are rights to which every person is entitled simply by virtue of being a human living in a society of other humans. Among these are the right to life, liberty, and the security of the person.[2] Challenges for a Universal Conception of Human Rights: The most intense debate among human rights in the past two decades has been dichotomy between Universalists and cultural relativists. Just as development or modernizations theories presumed a “transition” from traditional to industrial society; it was frequently assumed by universities that non-western cultures will gradually evolve so that the Universalist doctrine of human rights will prevail. Challenges for a Universal conception of Human rights presuppose the value of autonomy, which would lead to some variation in human-rights practice in different cultural and socio-economic conditions. The most difficult case is that in which those who are victims of human-rights violations support the culture that legitimates...
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...Most classical theories of crime causation, both old and new, make certain basic assumptions. Among them are these: Crime is caused by the individual exercise of free will. Human beings are fundamentally rational, and most human behavior is the result of free will coupled with rational choice. Pain and pleasure are the two central determinants of human behavior. Crime erodes the bond that exists between individuals and society and is therefore an immoral form of behavior. It is easy to understand why the entertainment industry and the media are often targeted as the cause of crime and criminal violence. However, many other types of explanations for crime are also viable, such as genetic abnormalities, individual psychological differences, and variations in patterns of early socialization that may predispose some people to crime and violence. Likewise, it is prudent to examine social institutions such as the family, schools, and churches for their role in reducing or enhancing the likelihood of criminality among people. One thing is certain: There is no single cause of crime; it is rooted in a diversity of causal factors and takes a variety of forms, depending on the situation in which it occurs. Nonetheless, some theories of human behavior help us understand why certain people engage in acts that society defines as criminal or deviant, while others do not. A theory is a kind of model. Theories posit relationships, often of a causal sort, between events and things under study...
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...Foreign Trade University & Bedfordshire University Faculty of International Education The Report Building Company’s Website and Online Shop Name: Lê Văn Bảo Phạm Anh Tuấn Lê Trường Quân Class: FB5A Course: E-Commerce Table of contents Introduction Main contents I. Business idea 1. Idea 2. Products 3. Sipplier list II. Business Plan 1. Strategic Analysis 2. Marketing plan 3. Financial plan III. Task conducted IV. Participants Introduction Consumer Trends for Fruit and Vegetable Products looks at the STEEP model to analyze factors that affect the marketplace. It explores consumer trends in Vietnam using the statistics on food consumption, how Vietnamese are spending their food money, demographics and growth in produce sales. Retail trends are explored, which include specialty foods, packaging, branding, organics, convenience foods and the ethnic market in their relation to fruit and vegetables. Finally, this information is applied to the Alberta situation, suggesting market research activities that producers and processors may consider. Fruit and vegetable consumption has grown over the last few years for a number of reasons. In general, people are more concerned about staying healthy and eating right, and research into nutraceuticals and functional food has highlighted the health...
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...PROF. SALES THE CLOSE Closing the Sale Closing is a sales term which refers to the process of making a sale. The term can also be used to refer to the achievement of a desired outcome, such as the exchange of money or the acquiring of a signature. Salespeople are often taught to think of targets not as strangers, but rather as prospective customers who already want or need what is being sold. Such prospects only need to be "closed.” REASONS FOR FAILURE TO CLOSE 1) Fear of Rejection 2) Think that pressure is a bad thing. 3) Unwilling to deal with emotions 4) Lack of Belief in the Product 5) Incorrect of Estimation of Effort 6) Being Reasonable 7) Know Financial Plan in Place 8) Handling Objections that are only complaints 9) Shortage of Closing Material 10) Believe customer is the reason why they can’t sale. BASIC CLOSING TACTICS * Direct Close: "May I write this up for you?" or "Should I forward a contract so you can get started?“ * Indirect Close: "How do these terms look to you?" "Is this agreeable to you?" TRADITIONAL CLOSING METHODS Traditional closing sales techniques usually employ some psychological tricks designed to give that final nudge. Here are two of the best. Now or Never This is where salespeople make an offer that includes a special benefit that prompts immediate purchase. For example: * “This is the last one at this price.” * "We’ve got a 20% discount just for customers who sign up today.” The Summary Close Salespeople who use this closing technique reiterate...
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...Professional Development Today’s economy has made it very important for a person to further his or her education in order to compete in the job market. Counseling is a professional field of study that requires advanced education and training. Counseling graduates can meet the growing needs of society in many different areas of study. Counselors can work in different fields, depending on the population of expertise. Counseling in a school setting can be good for one who has interest in working with children in diverse areas of development by helping through social/personal, career development and the achievement of academic goals (American School Counselor Association, 2012). School counselors may work in post secondary schools, high schools, junior high, middle, and elementary schools. School counselors can collaborate with school professionals to make sure that the needs of these students are met. School counselors can also work in a college setting, which includes guidance and academic counselors. Counselors are there to offer guidance and academic assistance to college-aged students (O*NET, 2006). Rehabilitation counseling is an area of expertise for counselors who are interested in working with the disabled. Their area of concentration is to “counsel population with disabilities resulting from accidents, disease or illness, birth defects, or other causes” (Occupational Outlook Handbook, 2012). Rehabilitation counselors develop programs tailored to help meet the needs of...
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...LG Electronics India India challenges The challenges faced by LG when it entered the market in 1995 were: • Low brand awareness about LG in India. • One of the last MNCs to enter India. (Samsung, Sony & Panasonic entered in 1995 & LG in 1997.) • High import duty. • Competition from local players and other multinational companies in the consumer electronics segment • Price sensitiveness of Indian consumers. • LGEI has overcome these challenges to emerge as way, by sponsoring the 1999 World Cup, and followed it up in 2003 as well. • LG brought in four captains of the Indian cricket team to endorse its products. LG invested more than USS 8 million on advertising and marketing in this sport. • LG has differentiated its products using technology and health benefits. The CTV range has ‘Golden Eye’ technology, air-conditioners have the ‘Health Air System’ and microwave ovens have the ‘Health Wave System’. Local and efficient manufacturing to reduce cost To overcome high import duties, LG manufactures PC monitors and refrigerators in India at its manufacturing facility at Noida, Delhi. LGEIL had already commissioned contract manufacturing at Mohali, Kolkata and Bhopal for CTVs. This has helped LGEI to reduce costs. LGEIL is implementing a “digital manufacturing system” (DMS) as a cost-cutting innovation. This system is a follow-up to the Six Sigma exercise LGEIL had initiated earlier. Product localization Product localisation is a key strategy used...
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...1. A microprocessor is a computer processor that incorporates the functions of computer’s central processing unit (CPU) on a single integrated circuit (IC), or at most a few integrated circuits. The microprocessor is a multipurpose, programmable device that accepts digital data as input, processes it according to instructions stored in its memory, and provides results as output. 2. A digital signal processor (DSP) is a specialized microprocessor (or a SIP block), with its architecture optimized for the operational needs of digital signal processing. 3. A graphics processing unit (GPU), also occasionally called visual processing unit (VPU), is a specialized electronic circuit designed to rapidly manipulate and alter memory to accelerate the creation of images in a frame buffer intended for output to a display. 4. A microcontroller (sometimes abbreviated µC, uC or MCU) is a small computer on a single integrated circuit containing a processor core, memory, and programmable input/output peripherals. Program memory in the form of NOR flash or OTP ROM is also often included on chip, as well as a typically small amount of RAM. 5. Advantages of Microcontrollers a) Microcontrollers act as a microcomputer without any digital parts. b) As the higher integration inside microcontroller reduce cost and size of the system. c) Usage of microcontroller is simple, easy for troubleshoot and system maintaining. d) Most of the pins are programmable by the user for performing...
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...IIM INDORE PGP 2015-17 FINANCIAL ACCOUNTING & CONTROL ASSIGNMENT-2 This assignment is intended to help you practice solving problems and get concept clarity on two topics: Cash Flow Statement and Inventory Valuation. Attempt all questions and submit by 31st Aug 2015. 1. S Co. entered into the following transactions: a. Paid suppliers b. Received dividend from an associate. c. Sold investments at a gain. d. Purchased copyrights with cash. e. Issued debentures in exchange for equipment. f. Paid interest on bank overdraft. g. Converted debentures into equity shares. h. Received payments from customers. i. Purchased investments with cash. j. Purchased a 60-day certificate of deposit with cash. k. Paid advance to a supplier of equipment. l. Sold a 90-day Treasury bill. m. Collected installment payments for the sale of an old plant. n. Earned a net profit. o. Sold machinery at a gain. p. Entered into a finance lease for a new machine. q. Sold a plant at carrying amount. r. Issued convertible debentures for cash. s. Paid festival bonus to employees. t. Collected insurance proceeds from a patent infringement suit. u. Paid installments for the purchase of inventories. Required: 1. Classify each as an operating activity, investing activity, financing activity, non-cash activity or none of the above. 2. Also state whether the transaction results in an increase in cash, a decrease in cash,...
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...PROCEDURES FOR CONDUCTING PRACTICAL ICT TESTS The Supervisor A suitably competent supervisor, who may be the candidates’ tutor, is responsible for the administration of the practical tests according to these instructions. The supervisor is responsible for the preparation of the hardware and software for the test. Timetabling of the Practical Tests CIE does not timetable the practical tests in the same way as most IGCSE and AS & A Level written papers. The IGCSE and AS & A Level timetable will specify a period within which candidates must take the two practical tests for each syllabus. Within this period, Centres may conduct the practical tests at any convenient time or times. Candidates must complete each practical test in a single session. Wherever possible, candidates from the same Centre should sit their assessment at the same time. If more than one session is necessary to accommodate all candidates, these sessions should follow on from each other. However, Centres do not need to sequester candidates until other candidates have taken the test. When arranging examination dates, Centres should take into account the time needed to set up the system and should allow contingency planning (e.g. to reschedule examination times due to possible hardware failure) wherever possible. Preparation for the Practical Tests Before the candidates take a practical test, the supervisor must work through a past/specimen paper, using the hardware and software that the candidates will be using...
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...This customer data file is for 60,000 customer records in the restaurant category. Clean up the data: As with most customer data files, there is incomplete information. Address how you handle incomplete data. (I suggest completely eliminating records in Acquisition Channel with “NULL” or “Uncategorized”.) Also eliminate any records with blank in Ethnicity. Note in Ethnicity African-Americans is also coded as Afr. Am. so these two should be combined. In Age of Kids there are cells coded as Pre-teen &? I suggest combining with “Age Mix” or “Preteen & Teenagers”. After cleaning up the file, we are left with 26,352 records which should still be an adequate sample size.) Questions for analysis: 1. Calculate the profitability of each customer. Assume the average Cost of Goods Sold (COGS) for all vouchers (with promotional discounts factored in) is 20% of the total revenue. Assume the average one-time Cost per Acquisition (CPA) for each channel is: $12 for Advertising, $10 for Affiliate, $5 for Email, $8 for ILS, $7 for Paid Search and $5 for Social Media. Assume there are no additional costs. You may find the Excel VLOOKUP function helpful for this (https://support.office.com/en-sg/article/VLOOKUP-function-0bbc8083-26fe-4963-8ab8-93a18ad188a1). 2. What does the “average” ECB.com customer look like? Is the “average” customer desirable or undesirable? Why? 3. Describe each segment (new, engaged, lapsed, inactive). How much revenue does each segment...
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...the outside. I had to make my mind up whether to knock or press the bell. I turned to face the garden. I thought about going back to my car and drove home. Home. That was where I wanted to be; or was it where I would be after I knocked the door? I sighed and walked to the side where there was a wooden bench by the beautiful garden. I could see that the woman in the family loved the garden. The smell of white lilies reminded me of the florist down the road on Sixteenth Street. I sat on the sturdy looking wooden bench, trying to figure out what I would say if someone was to open the door. I wished I did not find out where she was so that I would not have three sleepless nights thinking of why she left me, whether she was looking for me or whether I should be angry. I was abandoned at Bliss Home when I was barely four. They said they found me playing joyfully in the playground, innocently thinking that I was sent to school. After three years, I found out that my mother left me at the orphanage because she had to go and find my father who left us when I was two. I was devastated, knowing that my mother left me to strangers. Funny, I thought, how manipulative and contradictory adults could be when it comes to giving advice. Those at Bliss Home took good care of me and made me realise that I was still lucky to be able to enjoy life. Sister Lisa was one of those who managed to make me see that I should make the most of myself than being miserable, grieving my unfortunate life; thinking...
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...Last school holiday, my family and I went back to our hometown, the eagerly-awaited holidays bring a respite from homework, lessons, extracurricular activities and exams. For me, spending a holiday at home is equally unbearable. 0n the last day of school, I eagerly waited for the bell to ring at 1:10 p.m.. Then, I felt like a caged bird hat has just been set free. I slang my bag over my shoulder and make a beeline for the bust station. My hometown! We started our journey early in the morning. When we arrived, we had a quick lunch. I make a short exchange and headed for my favourite spot here- a secluded corner of my grandfather durian orchards. There under a shady spot, I sat down a surveyed the surroundings. Here, far away from claustrophobic classrooms, rushing crowds, busy sidewalks and congested streets, I enjoyed the solitude of nature. As I took my seat on a flimsy woody bench, and looked around me, I can see a flurry of activities. Birds flew gracefully and noiselessly above me while bees traveled flirtatiously from tree to tree, colourful butterflies flit about here and there flapping their fragile wings and ants scurry in a single file carrying bits of food on their tiny backs. A soft cool breeze blowed. I can hear the soft rustle of leaves. The air is heavy with the scent of shrubs and grasses coupled with the scent of ripe durians. I lied on my back with my hand clasped behind my head and watched streaks of sunlight...
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...Last school holiday, my family and I went back to our hometown, the eagerly-awaited holidays bring a respite from homework, lessons, extracurricular activities and exams. For me, spending a holiday at home is equally unbearable. 0n the last day of school, I eagerly waited for the bell to ring at 1:10 p.m.. Then, I felt like a caged bird hat has just been set free. I slang my bag over my shoulder and make a beeline for the bust station. My hometown! We started our journey early in the morning. When we arrived, we had a quick lunch. I make a short exchange and headed for my favourite spot here- a secluded corner of my grandfather durian orchards. There under a shady spot, I sat down a surveyed the surroundings. Here, far away from claustrophobic classrooms, rushing crowds, busy sidewalks and congested streets, I enjoyed the solitude of nature. As I took my seat on a flimsy woody bench, and looked around me, I can see a flurry of activities. Birds flew gracefully and noiselessly above me while bees traveled flirtatiously from tree to tree, colourful butterflies flit about here and there flapping their fragile wings and ants scurry in a single file carrying bits of food on their tiny backs. A soft cool breeze blowed. I can hear the soft rustle of leaves. The air is heavy with the scent of shrubs and grasses coupled with the scent of ripe durians. I lied on my back with my hand clasped behind my head and watched streaks of...
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...Cornell, that's pretty nice.” She replied smirking “Haha yeah. It's almost like a tradition in my family to go there. How about you?” “I went to New York University and studied law. It's actually a tradition in my family to go to Cornell too. I grew up in a foster home most of my life and didn’t learn about the tradition until recently when I was digging into my birthparents past and stuff.” Kamberly replied. “I grew up in a foster home too. Maybe that's where we have seen each other. Where did you grow up?” he asked “I’ve grown up here, in New York for my whole life. Never lived anywhere else. How about you?” “Oh, that can’t be it then. I grew up in Washington most of my life.” he replied “Weird question, but what’s your last name?” she asked. She had a feeling that she needed to ask that question. She didn’t know why it just kept nagging at her mind. “Arrowmen.” She felt her jaw drop and her eyes widen. She couldn’t believe it. The hair, the eyes, the smile. It all seemed too familiar. She had known there was a possibility that she had siblings, but she never put much thought into it. “That my last name.” she replied quietly. His eyes started watering. He couldn’t meet her...
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...Kimberly Tucker, Chris Salt, Ashley Solomon Case 7: Mattel: Overcoming Marketing and Manufacturing Challenges 11/01/2010 Marketing Management 6800 Section 004 The Problem: The problem surrounding Mattel Inc., one of the world’s largest toy companies, is their mismanagement of international subcontractors and vendors and the production of certain toys (the manufacturing process), as well as their inability to adapt their marketing strategy or product to the constantly changing “demographic and socioeconomic trends” (Ferrell, et. all 466). This is supported by Mattel’s legal battle with Carter Bryant and MGA, their forced recall of certain toys that were manufactured overseas, and the increasing rate at which traditional toys are becoming less appealing to today’s young audience. Essentially, Mattel’s mismanagement and oversight lead to violations in terms of ethical and social responsibilities and safety standards. Issues Relevant to the Problem: Mattel’s problem of mismanagement can be divided into several issues that need to be considered: legal issues, international supply chain issues, and an increase in technology-based toys. In regards to legal issues, Mattel has been involved in prolonged litigation with Carter Bryant and MGA over a breach of an employment contract and copyright infringement. Due to Mattel’s poor management of its overseas manufacturers, in which unauthorized subcontractors and third-party suppliers were hired and unsafe materials used, several...
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