...Nanotechnology Applications Kareema L. Smith Argosy University Nanotechnology can be described as manufacturing and or engineering on a small scale, this can be related to numerous areas of study and development – nanotechnology is utilized by several fields such as medicine, engineering, information technology, wild life, agriculture and the list goes on. When thinking of nanotechnology there is no way to tell what the future holds for scientist who research and study this field and how it will affect humans daily, but I will go on and describe some of the applications we and our society has benefited from the study of nanotechnology. In the medical field nanotechnology has be utilized as a tool to offer early detection of an oncoming disease or virus. Nanoparticles are deposited into the body, these particles has small fluorescent blotches that were engineered to mark antibodies. By doing so these fluorescent marks can find or identify disease even at the very onset of contracting the virus. Nanotechnology is also offering faster diagnoses of diseases, in some cases results of diagnoses can take weeks to come back in causing the patient to stress and worry. Utilizing this technology doctors are now able to use a nano-device known as ‘lab-on-chip’, by only using a small sample and this small chip. The samples can be analyzed quickly, so quick that some diagnoses can be read almost instantly. The study and application of nanotechnology is also benefitting the food...
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...Nanotechnology Applications in Today’s World Santos Santiago ITT-Tech Author Notes This research was conducted using material from both the internet and reference articles from the following: Center for Responsible Nanotechnology http://www.crnano.org/whatis.htm Investigating Higher-Order Response Surface Methods For Military Nanotechnology Applications Like me, many of you have a variety of electric devices both in your home and in your car that as the years have gone by these devices have evolved from a big bulky device to what you now have, or can see. Technology has evolved at a drastic rate and this will continue in the future. Nanotechnology and the many applications associated with it will be a big factor on this evolution. The definition of Nanotechnology according to (The Center for Responsible Nanotechnology) Nanotechnology is the engineering of functional systems at the molecular scale. This covers both current work and concepts that are more advanced to the engineering of functional systems at the molecular scale. Because of the complexity of Nanotechnology and the science that guides it, much of the research in these areas is being conducted by grants to universities, Military research, and the Automotive Industry. There are many who protest this technology because there is still a lot to learn about its capabilities, and it uses. My research will focus on some of the uses of nanotechnology vs. the complexity of designing these devices. In the Automotive...
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...* NANOTECHNOLOGY It may be hard to believe, but most people don’t know that nanotechnology is more than a myth. For a lot of people think nanotechnology is a pipe dream, born from science fiction movies. The study of nanotechnology, and even the applications of it are already in the market. “Tiny particles, huge potential,” such is a very accurate description for the marvel that is nanotechnology. The unrealized possibilities that nanotechnology provides is immense, yet it cannot be applied lightly due to fact that it could easily be used for good and bad. Not to mention the uncertainty of the side effects makes it just as dangerous. With the right research and proper safety precautions nanotechnology can be made safe and reliable. Having the ability to save lives just might be worth the risk. With nanotechnology it would be possible to treated high-risk patients more accurately and effectively. It could also be used to help store more energy in smaller devices or cells. Small sensors could be created to warn if the user is in a toxic or harmful area. The use of nanotechnology can be dangerous as well. A main concern with this technology is what happen at the end of its use? Does it dissolve? Can it cause other health issues? These are all questions raised by this technology. Another concern is the possibility of the technology being used to invade the privacy of its users. While nanotechnology has its pros and cons it still provides hope in the technology of the future...
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...What is nanotechnology? In a recent survey, less than half of UK consumers were successfully able to define the meaning of nanotechnology as a “technology that involves using very small particles”, i.e. controlling matter at an atomic or molecular scale, measured in nanometers. After all, no internationally agreed definition currently exists. It has filled the food industry with big ideas, but confusion and concerns have stalled the process of product development in big food company R&D departments. Therefore, there is still a long way to go before ideas in a lab or turned into commercially viable innovations. Application in the food industry In the food industry, the technology could have a variety of uses including detecting bacteria in packaging, delivering nutrients in small doses, or producing stronger flavors and colorings. In what seems to be a miracle cure to obesity and diabetes, oil droplets containing nano-sized water particles could be used to reduce the fat content of foods such as mayonnaise, cream and chocolate while retaining good sensory properties. There are a myriad of other potential applications in the food sector ranging from emulsions and nano-encapsulations on the formulation side to nano-coatings for processing equipment on the factory floor, which would ease the cleaning burden at food plants. Other interesting applications included nano-sensors that could detect pathogens and nano particles that could purify water in developing countries...
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...Nanotechnology (sometimes shortened to "nanotech") is the manipulation of matter on an atomic, molecular, and supramolecular scale. The earliest, widespread description of nanotechnology[1][2] referred to the particular technological goal of precisely manipulating atoms and molecules for fabrication of macroscale products, also now referred to as molecular nanotechnology. A more generalized description of nanotechnology was subsequently established by the National Nanotechnology Initiative, which defines nanotechnology as the manipulation of matter with at least one dimension sized from 1 to 100 nanometers. This definition reflects the fact that quantum mechanical effects are important at this quantum-realm scale, and so the definition shifted from a particular technological goal to a research category inclusive of all types of research and technologies that deal with the special properties of matter that occur below the given size threshold. It is therefore common to see the plural form "nanotechnologies" as well as "nanoscale technologies" to refer to the broad range of research and applications whose common trait is size. Because of the variety of potential applications (including industrial and military), governments have invested billions of dollars in nanotechnology research. Through its National Nanotechnology Initiative, the USA has invested 3.7 billion dollars. The European Union has invested 1.2 billion and Japan 750 million dollars.[3] Nanotechnology as defined by...
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...many technologies that have drastically change the world that we live in. One of those technologies is Nanotechnology. Nanotechnology refers to materials, applications and processes designed to work on extremely tiny scales. Nanotechnology is being used every day in healthcare products, technology, cosmetics, sports equipment, food and agriculture, and usually people are none the wiser that they are using products with nanotechnology in it. This paper will discuss three different impacts that nanotechnology has had in our lives today and then how it might change how we live in the future. Paradigm Shift Nanotechnology is the engineering of functional systems at the molecular scale. Nanotechnology has many implementations but the three specific ones this paper will talk about are the effects that it has had on the environmental, agricultural, and technological aspects of our lives today and how it may even grow to change our lives in the future. Nanotechnology was first introduced by Nobel laureate Professor Richard P. Feynman in a 1959 lecture titled "There's plenty of room at the bottom,” at this time however nanotechnology was based on theoretical speculation. Since then nanotechnology has become a reality and is now, today among the fastest growing areas of science. In order to improve the environment nanotechnology is currently being used in several applications, such as cleaning up existing pollution, improving manufacturing methods to reduce pollution output,...
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...Nanotechnology Nanotechnology has been an anticipated technology due to it giving complete and inexpensive control of the structure of matter. The thought of this technology came from the mind of Richard Feynman, a physicist, in 1959. The way Feynman first described nanotechnology was, “a process by which the ability to manipulate individual atoms and molecules might be developed, using one set of precise tools to build and operate another proportionally smaller set (History and Future of Nanotechnology, 2009).” Manufacturing at the molecular scale will enable the construction of cell repair machines, computers smaller than a cubic micron, and even personal manufacturing. Molecular manufacturing or nanomanufacturing is where it all starts. Nanomanufacturing is the manufacturing of nano-scale materials, structures, devices, and systems. There are two approaches to nanomanufacturing, the top-down approach or the bottom-up approach. The top-down approach reduces large pieces of material down to the nanoscale. This approach uses more material and can lead to waste if excess material isn’t used. The second approach, the bottom-up approach, creates products by starting at the atomic or molecular level and building the products from the ground up. This process is very time consuming. With these two approaches there are new processes that enable nanomanufacturing which are (Manufacturing at the Nanoscale): 1. Chemical vapor deposition – a process where chemicals react to produce...
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...Introduction: Body: Description of the technology and explanation of the associated science (Chris) So what is nanotechnology? Webster dictionary defines nanotechnology as the science of manipulating materials on an atomic or molecular level. Basically nanotechnology is the study and application of matter on the atomic level between 1 and 100 nanometers (nm). A nanometer is one-billionth of a meter. To get an understanding of how small this is, an atom has a diameter of about 0.1nm and the nucleus of an atom is much smaller, about 0.00001nm. Nanotechnology is the science that is used to rearrange molecules on the atomic level so that each atom is essentially put in the most efficient place. This is best clarified by Dr. Ralph Merkle, Ph. D., of the Georgia Institute of Technology in this way: “Manufactured products are made from atoms, and the properties of those products depend on how those atoms are arranged. If we rearrange the atoms in coal, we can make diamond. If we rearrange the atoms in sand and add a few other trace elements, we can make computer chips. If we rearrange the atoms in dirt, water, and air, we can make potatoes” (Ghadar & Spindler). Biologist, chemists, physicists and engineers are involved in studying substances at the nano-scale, thus making nanotechnology an interdisciplinary field of science (Bonsor & Strikland). Scientists are creating new materials by manipulating molecules at the atomic level. Nanosize super particles exhibit...
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...characteristics of systems in nano material dimensions. The latest architectures in nanostructures and nano systems are representative of improved functionalities. The nano structured materials have future applications for chem.-bio sensors, medical therapies and potential applications in security and environment safety. (Merkle, R.C.1993) INTRODUCTION The intentional or unintentional contamination of the environment, food items and the agricultural products has been increased due to certain local and global threats of poisonous gases and terrorism. This situation makes the decentralized sensing a core issue for several international bodies. A nanotechnology based sensor platform makes the direct electrical detection of biological and chemical agents possible in a highly multiplexed format over a vast dynamic range during clinical testing. Nucleic acid layers can be combined with nanomaterials-based electrochemical which produce affinity biosensors such as the “DNA Biosensor” or “Genosensor”. Such devices are used for converting the hybridization event into an analytical signal for obtaining sequence specific information, which are beneficial for clinical, environmental, or forensic investigations. CURRENT STATUS OF THE FIELD Medical nanotechnology is a branch of nanotechnology which practically applies its principles and findings in the field of health...
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...(IGCAR), Kalpakkam, 28-30 November, 2011. Energy Conservation Through Application Of Nanotechnology N.K Mishra Department of Environmental Science and Biotechnology The Technological Institute of Textile & Sciences Bhiwani, Haryana n2k.mishra@yahoo.co.in Priti Grover, Deepak Arora Department of Computer Science & Information Technology The Technological Institute of Textile & Sciences Bhiwani, Haryana preity.grover@yahoo.com, deepakarora416@gmail.com Many years got spend in analyzing the technique – Nanotechnology and make it possible for Application. It involves the particles which are very small in size(1 to 100 nm) and measured as nanometers , if compared to human hair which is 80,000nm , the particles used in Nanotechnology is about thousands nanometers less than human hair. As the meaning of term accepted, working on it get started so as to give a new evolution to the world. Abstract— Nanotechnology is an advance and globally implied technology for almost all real application. In today’s modern era the idea of large and complex size items are diverted in the compact items. Such technology enhanced materials will enable weight reduction accompanied by an increase in stability and improved functionality. Nanotechnology helps in realization of miniaturized devices and systems & attainment of high surface area to volume ratio. In this Paper we study about the impact on Energy by the use of Nanotechnology. Energy is the important factor because day by day energy is consuming...
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...INTRODUCTION Definition of nan'o•tech•nol'o•gy n So what exactly is nanotechnology? One of the problems facing nanotechnology is the confusion about its definition. Most definitions revolve around the study and control of phenomena and materials at length scales below 100 nm and quite often they make a comparison with a human hair, which is about 80,000 nm wide. Some definitions include a reference to molecular systems and devices and nanotechnology 'purists' argue that any definition of nanotechnology needs to include a reference to "functional systems". The inaugural issue of Nature Nanotechnology asked 13 researchers from different areas what nanotechnology means to them and the responses, from enthusiastic to sceptical, reflect a variety of perspectives. It seems that a size limitation of nanotechnology to the 1-100 nm range, the area where size-dependant quantum effects come to bear, would exclude numerous materials and devices, especially in the pharamaceutical area, and some experts caution against a rigid definition based on a sub-100 nm size. Another important criteria for the definition is the requirement that the nano-structure is man-made. Otherwise you would have to include every naturally formed biomolecule and material particle, in effect redefining much of chemistry and molecular biology as 'nanotechnology.' The most important requirement for the nanotechnology definition is that the nano-structure has special properties that are exclusively due...
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...Nano technology in the automotive industry:- ABSTRACT What is Nanotechnology? Nanotechnology is the engineering of materials on the scale of 1 nanometer (nm) to 100 nm, a nanometer being 1 billionth of a meter. At this level, the basic physical laws governing macro objects undergo a drastic change. A macro particle is a cluster of atoms arranged together in random order. The formation of the structure is left to nature, and control over the properties of the material is difficult. Nanotechnology, on the other hand, is a bottom-up approach where materials are created by placing individual atoms together. This decreases the randomness in the structural formation, enabling significant control over the properties of the material. Mechanical properties such as strength, ductility, and resilience can all be incorporated into one material. Currently, nanotechnology is functioning as an enabling technology. It is being used to enhance the properties of existing materials. This is largely attributed to the fact that the technology has clearly not been understood and there is still much more to nanotechnology than meets the microscopic eye. It is rare for a single technology to have the power to dramatically influence almost every major industry in the world. Nanotechnology falls into this category and offers fundamentally new capabilities to architect a broad array of novel materials, composites and structures on a molecular scale. This technology has the potential to drastically...
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...Prospects Of Market Volumes And Shares Economics Essay Nanotechnology qualifies for having a major impact on the world economy, because nanotechnological applications will be used in virtually all sectors. Scientists, researchers, managers, investors and policy makers worldwide acknowledge this huge potential and have started the nano-race. Prospects of Market Volumes and Shares The NSF [1] estimated a world market for nanotechnological products of $1 trillion for 2015. Depending on the definition of nanotechnology and its contribution to added value of the final products as well as the degree of optimism, many other forecasts vary between moderate $150 bn in 2010 [2] and $2.6 trillion in 2014 [3] . The latter, most optimistic scenario would imply that the market for nanotechnology-based products would be larger than the prospected information and communication technology market and would exceed the future biotech market by ten times. The forecasts differ significantly from each other, but have common thread in that they predict a substantial increase of the market for nanotechnological products with a take off some when in the early 2010s. The figures presented above show the possible direction, but are not adequate for deeper analyses of the development of the nanotechnology market. Lux Research and the NSF have both spent some efforts in breaking the figures down in nanotechnology subfields, the first in an analysis of 5 years in the past (1999-2003), the NSF shows the expected...
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...Nanotechnology (first used the term nanotechnology by Richard Feynman, in 1959) can be defined as the manipulation of atoms and molecules at nano (one billionth) scale (1–100 nm) to produce devices, structures or systems having at least one novel or superior property. The materials having at least one dimension in the nano scale are called nanomaterials. 10-9 meter (1 nanometer) to 10-7 meter (100 nanometer) Human eye can visualize up to 20μm only 1μm = 10-6 m DNA= 2.5nm- 3nm Protein= ̴ 5 nm Virus= ̴ 150 nm Human hair= ̴ 5000 nm Properties of Nanomaterials 1. The surface area to volume ratio of the nanomaterials is relatively larger than that of bulk materials of the same mass. This increases the chemical reactivity and affects strength and electrical properties of the material. 2. The quantum confinement is observed at nanometer sizes that changes the optical, electronic and magnetic properties of the material. The band gap increases as the size of the material is reduced to nanometer range. I II III IV Reduction in particle size increase in its Surface area Now, material is NANO so surface area will big… HOW? Let us consider a sphere of radius ‘r’ Surface Area = 4 x π x r2 Volume = (4/3) x π x r3 ratio of SA to Vol = 3/r Thus, radius of sphere decreases, Surface area will increase Let us consider a cube of sides 1 m Area= 6 x side2 = 6 x 1m2 = 6m2 Now, cut the same cube into 8 pieces, then the SA will increases Area= 6 x (1/2)2 x 8 = 12m2 Similarly, the...
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...Nanotechnology Patricio Peña Medina June 14, 2013 Composition II Professor M. Putman Research Paper It’s the biggest technology challenge since the information super high way. Engaging scientist, entrepreneurs and governments form countries all over the world. Public debates, press conferences and expos around the world this technology is revolutionizing science. Not visible to the naked eye, tiny self-assembling Nano systems offer big solutions to some of the world’s most complex problems. This is science on the Nano scale, or scientist it’s the largest topic with hundreds of thousand possibilities. To put things in more of an understandable perspective, the smallest things that the human eye can make out is around 10,000nm. To aid in further understanding of these measurements more than 100 students from Rice University by designing an immense single-walled carbon nanotube. The nanotube measured 1180 feet long (Williams & Adams 23). So what is nanotechnology? 1 nanometer is 1 billionth of a meter, about the size of six carbon atoms or less than one water molecule almost too small to imagine (Williams & Adams). Nano technology is the science of interacting with atoms and molecules to modify the way they behave; for example by chemical creating Ferro fluids or liquid magnets the exhibit strange behavior due to external magnetic fields. Or by fabricating Nano scale semiconductor crystals known as quantum dots which are sometimes called artificial atoms...
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