...| Informed Consent in Emergency Situations | By | | Liz Marotz | 3/1/2016 | | I. Introduction A. Explanation of an Informed Consent B. Type of Informed Consent C. How to use an Informed Consent in Emergency Situations II. Elements of Full informed consent A. Assessment of patient understanding B. The Nature of the decision/Procedure III. Interventions that require Informed Consent A. Cancer Screening test B. Clinical Decision IV. Waive Informed Consent Form A. Reason to waive B. Who gives the approval of waiver V. Conclusion A. Summary Informed consent means that permission is granted in the knowledge of the possible consequences, typically that which is given by a patient to a doctor for treatment with full knowledge of the possible risks and benefits. However, informed consent in an emergency situation can only be presumed rather than obtained when the patient is unconscious or incompetent and no surrogate decision maker is available and the emergency interventions will prevent death or disability. In general, the patient's presence in the hospital ward, ICU or clinic does not represent implied consent to all treatment and procedures. The patient's wishes and values may be quite different from the values of the physician. While the principle of respect for the patient obligates the physician to do their best to include the patient in the health care decisions that affect the patient’s life and body, the principle...
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...Theory and Practice to Emergency Management John C. Pine is the Director of the Disaster Science and Management, Professor-Research with the Department of Environmental Studies and Interim Chair of the Department of Geography and Anthropology at Louisiana State University in Baton Rouge, LA. (225) 578-1075 Email: jpine@lsu.edu httt://www.risk.lsu.edu Abstract This chapter takes a look at the impact that management theory and how the basic functions and practice of management as well as the role of the manager and approaches to management have contributed to the practice of emergency management. Current views of management theory stress the changing nature of the external environment and the need to understand and address these external forces for change. The contribution and role of systems theory and contingency theory to the emergency management process is stressed. Although some might view that we do not manage disasters, there is an overlap between the contribution of management theory and emergency management. Management theory stresses the need for effective planning to ensure that organizational goals are obtained. Emergency and crisis management emphasize that effective emergency response and recovery is based on good planning. Building sustainable organizations and communities is a common goal of both management and emergency management. Management and disaster-related issues and concerns along with strategies to improve emergency management practice...
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...defined according to three main criteria: the nature of the facility, the care process and the clinical standards and staffing requirements. All levels and types of ICU must be separate and self-contained facilities in hospitals and.The five types of ICU are briefly described below: * Adult intensive care unit, level 3: must be capable of providing complex, multisystem life support for an indefinite period; be a tertiary referral centre for patients in need of intensive care services and have extensive backup laboratory and clinical service facilities to support the tertiary referral role. It must be capable of providing mechanical ventilation, extracorporeal renal support services and invasive cardiovascular monitoring for an indefinite period; or care of a similar nature. * Adult intensive care unit, level 2: must be capable of providing complex, multisystem life support and be capable of providing mechanical ventilation, extracorporeal renal support services and invasive cardiovascular monitoring for a period of at least several days, or for longer periods in remote areas or care of a similar nature (see ACHS guidelines). * Adult intensive care unit, level 1: must be capable of providing basic multisystem life support usually for less than a 24-hour period. It must be capable of providing mechanical ventilation and simple invasive cardiovascular monitoring for a period of at least several hours; or care of a similar nature. * Paediatric intensive care unit: must...
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...Theory and Practice to Emergency Management John C. Pine is the Director of the Disaster Science and Management, Professor-Research with the Department of Environmental Studies and Interim Chair of the Department of Geography and Anthropology at Louisiana State University in Baton Rouge, LA. (225) 578-1075 Email: jpine@lsu.edu httt://www.risk.lsu.edu Abstract This chapter takes a look at the impact that management theory and how the basic functions and practice of management as well as the role of the manager and approaches to management have contributed to the practice of emergency management. Current views of management theory stress the changing nature of the external environment and the need to understand and address these external forces for change. The contribution and role of systems theory and contingency theory to the emergency management process is stressed. Although some might view that we do not manage disasters, there is an overlap between the contribution of management theory and emergency management. Management theory stresses the need for effective planning to ensure that organizational goals are obtained. Emergency and crisis management emphasize that effective emergency response and recovery is based on good planning. Building sustainable organizations and communities is a common goal of both management and emergency management. Management and disaster-related issues and concerns along with strategies to improve emergency management practice from...
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...Level of Emergency Preparedness of BSMT Students towards Fire Onboard Chapter 1 Introduction to the Study Chapter one is divided into five parts: Background of the Study, Statement of the Problem, Significance of the Study, Definition of Terms, and Delimitation of the Study. Part one, Background of the Study gives the overview or rationale of the research problem. Part two, Statement of the Problem identifies the general and specific problems. Part three, Significance of the Study itemizes the benefactors and their respective benefits that they could derived from the result of the study. Part four, Definitions of Terms, includes the key terms used in the study, which are defined conceptually and operationally. Part Five, Delimitation of the Study, explains the nature, coverage, period of the study. Background of the Study Fire is combustion or burning, in which substances combine chemically with oxygen from the air and typically give out bright light, heat and smoke (Oxford Dictionary, 2013). Onboard the vessels there are tons of liquid fuel, electrical equipment, engine, boiler, and the cargo that is being loaded. Therefore, Fire onboard ship is one of the most dangerous and disastrous incidents that can happen onboard. Because, Fire onboard can damaged the environment, property including the ship itself and most of all the life of the person’s onboard. Every year more and more ships are lost through fire and collision. Shipboard fire alone, however...
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...Syllabus International Marketing Marketing 774 INSTRUCTOR: Dr. Chuck Hermans E-MAIL: ChuckHermans@MissouriState.edu PHONE: 836-8373 OFFICE: GL244 =============================================================== NOTE: This Syllabus is not a contract. This document is a guide to assist you in preparing for the course lectures and other requirements. The Professor may and will likely modify assignments, lectures, dates and times at his discretion. Any such changes will be announced in class in advance. REQUIRED: 1. Cateora and Graham (2013), International Marketing, 16e, McGraw-Hill Irwin, NY. 2. Journal Articles and Cases on Blackboard (Some May Require Password: MKT474) Sign into the course Blackboard site at http://blackboard.missouristate.edu/. Please review and make corrections to your contact information. This is especially important if you have an e-mail address that is not on the MSU network. You may miss class information from the instructor if this is not correct. STUDENT RESPONSIBILITIES: This is a graduate course. As such, you are expected to be prepared to DISCUSS the material in the on-line discussion forums. 1. Read, study, and analyze all assigned chapters & articles prior to class. 2. Always have a few questions prepared in advance of class related to the topic material. 3. Participate in class discussions. 4. Question the lecture material. 5. Turn in assignments on time. 6. Participate in the...
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...GUIDE FOR MAJOR HAZARD FACILITIES: EMERGENCY PLANS Safe Work Australia is an Australian Government statutory agency established in 2009. Safe Work Australia consists of representatives of the Commonwealth, state and territory governments, the Australian Council of Trade Unions, the Australian Chamber of Commerce and Industry and the Australian Industry Group. Safe Work Australia works with the Commonwealth, state and territory governments to improve work health and safety and workers’ compensation arrangements. Safe Work Australia is a national policy body, not a regulator of work health and safety. The Commonwealth, states and territories have responsibility for regulating and enforcing work health and safety laws in their jurisdiction. ISBN 978-0-642-33376-6 [PDF] ISBN 978-0-642-33377-3 [RTF] Creative Commons [pic] Except for the Safe Work Australia logo this copyright work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 Australia licence. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/au/ In essence, you are free to copy, communicate and adapt the work for non commercial purposes, as long as you attribute the work to Safe Work Australia and abide by the other licence terms. Contact information Safe Work Australia Phone: +61 2 6121 5317 Email: info@safeworkaustralia.gov.au Website: www.safeworkaustralia.gov.au Table...
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...in Emergency Management This paper, examination, report, or the section thereof for which I have indicated responsibility, is my own work. Any assistance I received in its preparation is acknowledged within the report or examination, in accordance with academic practice. For any data, ideas, words, diagrams, pictures, or other information from any source, quoted or not, I have cited the sources fully and completely in footnotes and bibliographical entries, as required. Furthermore, I certify that the material was prepared by me specifically for this class and has not been submitted, in whole or significant part, to any other class in this university or elsewhere, or used for any purpose other than satisfying the requirements of this class, except that I am allowed to submit this material to a professional publication, peer reviewed journal, or professional conference. In adding my name following the word 'Signature', I intend that this certification will have the same authority and authenticity as a document executed with my hand-written signature. A Historical Perspective of Government Training in Emergency Management In the field of disaster response when the public demands assistance from emergency providing organizations that maintains various forms of aid and delivers relief, preparation is the critical component that drives the effectiveness of subsequent outcomes. An important aspect of preparation that has a tremendous influence on the outcome of emergency response...
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...quantities of radioactive materials were released, an isolated “no mans land” was created around the crippled reactors, and thousands of people had to be evacuated from the surrounding area. With concern of radiological emergency management, medicine development, and healthcare implementation, it is important to assess this disaster with intention of learning better methods of execution to apply in future scenarios. The purpose of this assessment is to summarize, observe, and evaluate the emergency responses implemented as a result of the disaster, specifically focusing on the chronology of healthcare implementation, and the many long-term challenges associated with this tragic event. In preparing for the challenges of tomorrow, it is critically important that adaptations are made in lieu of such tragedies, and newer, more advanced understandings of these issues are brought into fruition. It is only through thorough evaluation of past situations such as this that newer, safer operations of emergency response and medical assistance can be executed. The Fukushima Nuclear Disaster Introduction The contents of this document will explore the critical response element of the Fukushima accident, focusing in-depth on the nature of the management of this emergency. It...
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...images of the 2011 London riots evidenced destruction and violence perpetrated by an angry crowd, whose actions were widely condemned by the public and media. The dangers of crowds are now so widely acknowledged that crowd behaviour and its management is considered just as much the concern of public safety as it is the realm of academia. The prevalence of reports of negative crowd behaviour may suggest that the media presents a distorted view of crowd behaviour; non-aggressive pro-social crowds do not result in such attention grabbing headlines. The lack of aggression evident in many everyday crowds, for example spectators of tennis matches illustrate that crowds are not fundamentally aggressive but incredibly diverse. To understand the nature of crowd behaviour is therefore to question the underlying assumption that a “mind of the crowd” even exists. Such an assumption suggests a hegemonic, mystified view of collective behaviour in which the role of the individual disappears. This essay seeks to “demystify” the crowd by understanding the crowds as a specific form of collective action, distinguishing the crowd from other social groups by its larger size, specificity of location, density of persons and the notion of acting in a socially cohesive manner. In viewing the crowd as a specific form of group behaviour rather than a specifically unique phenomenon this essay seeks to emphasise that individual and group identities remain integral to crowd action which usually remains rational...
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...Lecture 1. Introduction. Basic definitions of (OHS) occupational health and safety and life activities In full are the key concepts in health and safety in the following legal and regulatory "Law on safety in emergency situations," "Labor Code of the Republic of Kazakhstan,» etc. Here are some of them that are most often manifested in the practice of any person. Knowing these definitions allow a deeper understanding of the problems associated with the existence of man in the course of employment and other activities. Article 1 of the "Labor Code of the Republic of Kazakhstan" is the following definition of occupational safety - safety system health and safety in the workplace, which includes legal, social, economic, organizational, technical, sanitary and epidemiological, medical and preventive treatment, rehabilitation and other activities and facilities. With this definition, the definition overlaps safety - the state of security of workers, to ensure comprehensive measures that exclude the impact of harmful and hazardous factors on workers in the course of employment. Of the two, the definition that is the main work - human activity aimed at creating material, wind and other values required for life and meet the needs of individuals and society. In connection with this definition of labor - the sphere of human activity is diverse: education, sports, culture, construction, etc. It should be noted that, in accordance with the basic axiom of human activities, which states that...
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...Patient Flow Metrics Paper Southern New Hampshire University HCM - 500 INTRODUCTION Emergency Rooms and the waiting rooms associated to these emergency rooms are subject to many conversations of inefficiency. Dealing with these inefficiencies are two massive challenges that are facing the healthcare industry today. The wait times and dissatisfactions associated with going to a emergency room, definitely need to be curbed and addressed. Even when the system has patient flow that is simplified with pre determined appointments, and served by a single doctor there are various factors that are related to inefficiency. This flow does get a lot more complication with walk ins 24 hours a day in an emergency room setting. There are also no single doctor that serve the patient and there are no pre determined processing times. Doctors generally are rotated, while at work are constantly interrupted due to the nature of the emergency, and related to to other medical consultation. EHR (Electronic Health Records) are being installed and implemented in a number of hospitals and healthcare units, to achieve the goal of improving the quality and decreasing the costs.National benchmarking for quality in the ED setting places significant focus on timeliness, safety and efficiency standards, most directly reported as overall length of stay (LOS), door to doctor times and left without being seen, using them as proxies for quality measures that are difficult to collect, such as time to analgesia...
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...public. (Rose, 2011). In 2005 Mother Nature brought Hurricane Katrina to the coast Lousiana and, she devastated the city of New Orleans. Today our community’s natural disaster is a life-threatening biological agent which has spread in the water supply of several towns. Technology has changed the way a community in a disaserous situation communicates after the Three Mile Island and Hurricane Katrina. Comparing the way an Emergency Management Office communicates with the public and the groups involved, the advantages and challenges that come with the past and present communication technology, and the media opportunities used in today’s world. Individuals and Groups With a life-threatening situation there are many individuals and groups internally and externally that need to be notified of the situation. Within the office the entire staff needs to be aware of the seriousness of the situation. The Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) and the Center for Disease Control Center (CDC) are a few federal agencies that need to be aware of the situation. The Department of Homeland Security’s (DHS) Office of Emergency Communications (OEC) was directed by Congress to develop the first National Emergency Communications Plans (NECP) in early 2000 (Security, 2008). Within the NECP there are partnerships that also need to be notified of the situation, some of them are, the SAFECOM Executive Committee (EC) and Emergency Response Council (ERC), the Emergency Communications Preparedness Center...
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... | EMERGENCY RESPONSE PLAN | | [Type the author name] | 10/23/2011 | Table of Contents PURPOSE OF EMERGENCY PLAN.................................................................................. PLANNING FOR EMERGENCY....................................................................................... PROCEDURES............................................................................................................... RESPONDERS SAFETY................................................................................................... DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC WORKS................................................................................. INCIDENT COMMAND CENTER .................................................................................... INCEDENT COMMAND SYSTEM (ISC) FIRE DEPARTMENT....................................................................................................... INCIDENT CLASSIFICATION EVACUATION PROCEDURES.......................................................................................... POLICE DEPARTMENT .................................................................................................. EMERGENCY MEDICAL RESPONCE................................................................................. STAGING MANAGER COMMUNICATION PROCEDURES.................................................................................. HAZARDOUS MATERIALS EMERGINCY RESPONSE PLAN PURPOSE OF EMERGENCY PLAN ...
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...River Tributary. The entire grounds of the hospital were at least twelve inches underwater, with water coming up through the sewer grates and crossing a six lane street from the inundated river into the hospital grounds. This was a major emergency services operation which involved all off-duty personnel and kept heavy overtime running around the clock to address and assure the safety of people in the jurisdiction (Siminovi, 2011). References National Geographic, 2011. Flood pictures: Mississippi River at its worst. Retrieved from https://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2011/05/pictures/110510-mississippi-river-memphis-tennessee-flood-record-crests-nation/ Simonovi S.P. (2011). Systems Approach to management of disasters: Methods and applications. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley. Tackett, J. & Robertson, C., 2011. Mississippi River Crests in Memphis. New York Times. Retrieved from http://www.nytimes.com/2011/05/11/us/11river.html The largest disaster in recent years in this student’s region--south west Tennessee--has been arguably the 2011 Mississippi River flooding. Mitigation steps taken before and following this flood have included dams, levees, weirs, dredging, revetments, and spillways (Madrigal, 2011). Through the use of these modern man-made nature-shaping efforts, the floods keep coming, but are just barely kept out, each time progressively higher--in 2016, there was nearly similar flooding limited only by weather conditions upstream (National Weather Service, 2016) Further steps which...
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