...Needle | Needles are the heart of the needlepunching process. The schematic diagram of a typical needle is shown in Figure 3.2. As shown, a needle has the following parts: crank, shank, taper, blade, barb, and point. The shank locates in the hole in the needleboard and the crank is clamped between upper surface of the needleboard and the needlebeam, thus holding it firmly and vertically aligned in the loom. Traditionally, the cross-section of a needle is triangular and carries a total of nine barbs, three per apex. The dimensions of the barbs and their relative arrangement vary depending on the application and machine operation. | | | Figure 3.2 | Figure 3.3 | | In general, the nonwoven industry uses two types of needles, known as single reduction needle and double reduction needle. They are shown in Figure 3.3. The single reduction needle has two sections, shank and blade. But the double reduction needle has an intermediate section in-between the shank and the blade. This is a transition stage between the different diameters of the shank and the blade. The single reduction needle is much stiffer than the double reduction needle. The single reduction needle is usually made only for coarser gauge needles. The single reduction needle is used for stiff fibres (waste fibres, shoddy, etc.) | | Figure 3.4 | | | Figure 3.5 | | The barb is known to be the main working component of a needle. The schematic diagram of a barb along with its important parts is...
Words: 656 - Pages: 3
...Head: THE HISTORY OF THE SEWING NEEDLE 1 The History of the sewing needle Doris Buck DeVry University THE HISTORY OF THE SEWING NEEDLE 2 Annotated Bibliography Beggerow, A. (2008, 02 26). The hand Sewing Needle - History and Facts. Retrieved 03 10, 2012, from EzineArticle: http://ezinearticles.com/?The-Hand-Sewing-Needle---History-and-Facts&id=1009010 The first known sewing needle came from southwestern France and dates to about 25,000 years ago. Residues of animal skin pants, shirts, and shoes have been found in a 22,000 year old Cro-Magnon grave near Moscow in Russia. Wild flax fibers from 34,000 year old thread or twine have been found at a cave site in the Republic of Georgia. Beggerow, A. (2009, 04 29). The Hand Sewing Needle. Retrieved 03 10, 2012, from Sewing with Trudy: http://sewingwithtrudy.blogspot.com/2009/04/hand-sewing-needle-history-and-facts.html Even a small thing like a hand sewing needle has had a role in the history of humans. Some facts and history about the hand sewing needle: The first sewing needles were made from bone and were used to sew animal hides together. The oldest known bone sewing needle was one found in what is now southwestern France and has been estimated to be over 25,000 years old. Hoffecker, J. S. (2012, 01 17). Sewing needle. Retrieved 03 10, 2012, from Wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sewing_needle Even a small thing like a hand sewing needle has had a role in the history...
Words: 506 - Pages: 3
...In Katherine McLean's article, Needle Exchange and the Geography of Survival in the South Bronx, the author attempts to explain how essential needle exchange programs (NEPs) are geographically to the South Bronx neighborhood of New York City (McLean, 2012). Although needle exchange programs do not have the authority or the funds to address certain factors associated with substance abuse, it has attracted many non-users such as the homeless as well for their basic survival amenities. Observations and interviews conducted by McLean produced four underlying aspects of needle exchange programs; obtaining basic necessities, hustling/income, safe space and sociality (McLean, 2012). Of these four aspects of needle exchange programs, obtaining the...
Words: 317 - Pages: 2
...Needle Exchange Program Lisa Spero South University Needle Exchange Program The Needle Exchange Program is a social service created for intravenous drug users to be able to return their used needles in exchange for new, clean ones. It was initially funded by the federal government, but was banned in 1988, with a short reversal from 2009-2011. Currently there are 16 states and the District of Columbia that have provisions authorizing needle exchange programs. The programs have been shown to reduce the spread of HIV and Hepatitis C that occurs within the population of IV drug users sharing needles. There is controversy concerning the provision of paraphernalia to illicit drug users and some believe that it promotes the usage rather than people taking responsibility for an illegal habit with grave consequences they risk by choosing to use. The World Health Organization HIV/AIDS Program states that needle exchange programs are most effective when other services are offered that are targeted at IV drug users. Some of those would be HIV testing and counseling, education and treatment of STI’s, prevention and vaccination for Hepatitis B and C, antiretroviral therapy for HIV positive patients other interventions designed specifically for the risks of IV drug use. Advocates hold that those trapped in dangerous behaviors are often unable and/or unwilling to break free of them, and should at least be enabled to continue these behaviors in a less harmful manner. A tendency...
Words: 754 - Pages: 4
...Standing on Top of the World: The Time I Was at the Top of the Space Needle Seattle, Washington: home of the Space Needle. The Space Needle is one of my favorite places in the world. It made me feel as though I was at the top of the world, when in reality I was just a mere 520 feet off the ground. But that 520 feet really makes a difference, especially when looking out over the Emerald City. From 520 feet I could see all the mountains that separate the city skyline from the sky and the bay that the ferry sails through. On a clear day there’s a chance that Mount Rainer could be visible from atop the Space Needle, however, my mom and I were not fortunate enough to see Mount Rainer due to the fact that it was pretty cloudy when we went up....
Words: 1198 - Pages: 5
...Harm Reduction: Why Drug Needle Exchanges are a Good Idea Drug needle exchanges programs in a bid to avoid reuse and sharing could be a way to curb HIV outbreaks like the one in rural Indiana, experts believe. The HIV “epidemic” in Indiana and a rise in Hepatitis C cases in Kentucky helped push those states to pass laws allowing communities to open drug needle exchanges. The spread of such diseases was traced to residents dissolving prescription painkillers and then injecting themselves sometimes up to 20 times a day with the same needle and passing it around. Policy makers have now decided that they cannot put politics above public health. Preventing HIV outbreaks among injection drug users “People didn't care whose needle was whose before; that's what started this," Tara Burton, 25, a HIV patient told Reuters. "It's a lot better now," she said referring to the Scott County clinic, which runs drug needle exchange...
Words: 466 - Pages: 2
...that the current policy of 1:1 needle exchange is restrictive for those individuals who may not have needles to begin with. In addition, the Baltimore NEP accepts neither broken needles nor needles that don’t come banded in sets of five. The current policy may be restrictive to some IDUs, and therefore it is possible that there is potential to still curb the incidence and prevalence of blood-borne pathogens if the current policy of 1:1 needle exchange is changed. In addition, by creating a NEP that also provides linkage to care, community outreach, and education, the full comprehensive approach can be implemented among IDUs, a historically underserved population, as well as a hard to reach one. Literature Review Injection drug users were first identified as a risk group for...
Words: 2610 - Pages: 11
...The hypodermic needle theory regards the audience as passive and the power of media messages strong and that media influences people to behave in a certain way. The effects debate is the argument that the media has the potential to influence an audience, to affect them in negative ways, and that there is a need to protect people from material which might cause harm of one kind or another. The messages in the media are injected into the audience like a drug, but they don’t notice the effects that it has on them. The effects of messages in the media tend to be associated with bad behavior, and negative actions, especially regarding sex and violence. An example of this is the Sandy Hook Shooting, where the boy’s ruthless actions were blamed on the influence of the game Call of Duty by the New York Times, which he supposedly spent a lot of time playing alone in his basement. The hypodermic needle theory is also known as the hypodermic-syringe model of communications, and is referred to as the magic bullet theory. It implied mass media had a direct, immediate and powerful effect on its audiences. The mass media in the 1940s and 1950s was perceived as a powerful influence on behaviour change, yet according to Katz and Lazarfeld (1955), the model is rooted in 1930s behaviorism and is concerned by many to be obsolete today. The hypodermic needle model suggests that media messages are injected straight into a passive audience which is immediately influenced by the message. The study known...
Words: 792 - Pages: 4
...allowed to change any part of it. So far there is a wide variety of standards that have been put into place. It is good for to know these rules and they will guide us in daily nursing duties. By implementing the higher standard of care, we are all able to work more proficiently and professionally. In order to develop a new standard, there usually has to be a problem that has come to the attention of one or more of the committee members, or from someone else that has brought forth a concern or complaint. The members then meet in order to come up with a solution to help with the problem. Such an example would be when too many nurses were getting stuck with needles and contracting diseases from them. From that basis came the implementation of the safety standards we now have to help prevent needle sticks, including not recapping needles, and using the safety features provided with each...
Words: 254 - Pages: 2
...AIDS and Needles Becton Dickinson, one of the largest manufacturers of medical supplies, dominates the US market in disposable syringes and needles. In 2005, a nurse, Maryann Rockwood (a fictional name), used a Becton Dickinson 5cc syringe and needle to draw blood from a patient known to be infected with HIV (Human immunodeficiency virus). Ms. Rockwood worked in a clinic that served AIDS patients, and she drew blood from these patients several times a day. After drawing the blood on this particular day, she transferred the HIV-contaminated blood to a sterile test tube by sticking the needle through the rubber stopper of the test tube, which she was holding with her other hand. She accidentally pricked her finger with the contaminated needle. She is now HIV positive. A few years earlier, in 2000, Becton Dickinson had acquired exclusive rights to a patent for a new syringe that had a moveable protective sleeve around it. The plastic tube around the syringe could slide down to safely cover the needle. The Becton Dickinson 5cc syringe used by Maryann Rockwood in 2005, however, did not yet have such a protective guard built into it. The AIDS epidemic has posed peculiarly acute dilemmas for health workers, including doctors and nurses. Doctors performing surgery on AIDS patients can easily prick their fingers with a scalpel, needle, sharp instrument, or even bone fragment and can become infected with the virus. The greatest risk is to nurses, who, after routinely removing an intravenous...
Words: 1807 - Pages: 8
...Needle therapy is an awesome approach to treat a sleeping disorder without the cruel symptoms brought about by pharmaceutical medications. There are a wide range of reasons why one may experience the ill effects of a sleeping disorder. In Customary Chinese Prescription (TCM) every individual has their own example which portrays how the body is out of parity. The Customary Chinese Drug (TCM) claims that every individual has their own purposes behind rest unevenness. One approach to treat a sleeping disorder is by utilizing fine hair like needles postured at particular meridians all through the body. A sleeping disorder can be treated with the assistance of 2 needle therapy focuses, known as Heart 7 and Pericardium 6. These focuses are firmly...
Words: 443 - Pages: 2
...Harvard Business School 9-694-065 Rev. March 17, 1995 Medical Products Company At the beginning of their three-day meeting in March 1990, Mr. Roberto Hausman, the president of the Disposable Devices Sector of the Medical Products Company (MPC), welcomed the group assembled around the conference table. This promises to be a very productive meeting. A window of opportunity has opened up for us, and it appears that we finally have a chance to resolve, once and for all, some of the issues our European organization has been struggling with over at least the last six years. The recent acceleration in the projected growth rate for our hypodermic and diabetic products makes it possible to discuss possible changes without having to worry about consolidating plants or making substantial reductions in personnel at any plant. We now operate within an organizational structure that allows us to deal with the problem as a whole, and all the key people who will be involved in implementing the changes that may be required are in this room, participating in the design of those changes. You collectively control all the resources necessary to make it happen. Now I charge you with that responsibility. The task force assembled to plan the reorganization of European manufacturing for hypodermic products included the president for Disposable Devices in Europe, the managers of all the European factories producing hypodermic products, and several senior managers (including those...
Words: 8072 - Pages: 33
...amount of medication to everyone who has diabetes all day long so they can get away from having to insert a needle into their body. Right now there are many different ways that one can give themselves the insulin that is needed however they always involve needles. Many people are afraid of needles so the thought of having to put a needle in their body could cause a lot of anxiety (Joslin Diabetes center, n.d.). There are many benefits to coming up with this new product. One of the main benefits is that it is painless. Being able to just put a patch on your body and all day long having the medicine to control diabetes is so simple and easy. This patch would just have to be placed on either hip for 13 hours a day. This patch would be great for people to be able to live their lives exactly how they have always wanted to. At the end of the day all the patient will need to do is just take the patch off and when they wake up in the morning put a new one on. Traveling with someone who has diabetes will also become a lot easier with the new patch. Nowadays there are so many restrictions as to what exactly you can and cannot bring on an airplane that just having a patch you could put in your carry-on would be less time at security check-ins and you probably would not even have to have a doctor’s note with you in order to try and explain why you have the needles with you (Traveling with Diabetes, n.d.). This patch could be created either by an entrepreneur or with...
Words: 713 - Pages: 3
...Identify the Hypodermic Needle Theory and Uses and Gratification Theory. Hypodermic Needle Theory The "hypodermic needle theory" implied mass media had a direct, immediate and powerful effect on its audiences. The mass media in the 1940s and 1950s were perceived as a powerful influence on behavior change. The theory suggests that the mass media could influence a very large group of people directly and uniformly by ‘shooting’ or ‘injecting’ them with appropriate messages designed to trigger a desired response. Several factors contributed to this "strong effects" theory of communication, including: - the fast rise and popularization of radio and television - the emergence of the persuasion industries, such as advertising and propaganda - the Payne Fund studies of the 1930s, which focused on the impact of motion pictures on children, and - Hitler's monopolization of the mass media during WWII to unify the German public behind the Nazi party Uses and Gratification Theory explaining of media use Originated in the 1970s as a reaction to traditional mass communication research emphasizing the sender and the message. Stressing the active audience and user instead. Psychological orientation taking needs, motives and gratifications of media users as the main point of departure. Uses and gratification theory assumes an active audience, which chooses the text it consumes and where individuals have reasons for consuming these texts. Uses and gratifications theory attempts...
Words: 359 - Pages: 2
...establishing a new needle exchange program within Duluth, Minnesota. It has become apparent that the prevalence and incidence of Hepatitis C and HIV cases are steadily increasing, resulting in a strong need for a prevention facility such as this. Consequently, ARCW management must assess the overall readiness for change within the organization. By utilizing internal and external resources, identifying significant roles within this change process, providing various means of monitoring the implementation of this plan, and encouraging effective communication techniques, the change process will flow smoothly. After the change has been successfully executed, management must determine the effectiveness of the change post-implementation. In order to accomplish this, identifying and understanding outcome measurement strategies is essential. Most importantly, outcome strategies related to quality, cost, and satisfaction can give management clear insight into how far they’ve come and how far they have yet to go. Determining Effectiveness of Change after Implementation It is vital that the effectiveness of the new needle exchange program be determined after its implementation. Management should have established clear goals and objectives prior to the change. After the change has been implemented, it becomes important to assess whether these goals and outcomes have been met. It would be helpful for management to refer to baseline data regarding the Superior needle exchange program and...
Words: 1805 - Pages: 8
